CN104006875A - Sensing vibration sensor with temperature compensation based on acoustic surface waves - Google Patents
Sensing vibration sensor with temperature compensation based on acoustic surface waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN104006875A CN104006875A CN201410257027.9A CN201410257027A CN104006875A CN 104006875 A CN104006875 A CN 104006875A CN 201410257027 A CN201410257027 A CN 201410257027A CN 104006875 A CN104006875 A CN 104006875A
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- acoustic wave
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sensing vibration sensor with temperature compensation based on acoustic surface waves. The sensor comprises a shell and a shell cover which are connected in a sealing mode and further comprises a base, a piezoelectric assembly and three acoustic surface wave resonators with different resonant frequencies. The base is fixed at the bottom inside the shell, the piezoelectric assembly is composed of a piezoelectric film and a piezoelectric substrate, the piezoelectric film is arranged on the upper surface of the piezoelectric substrate, one end of the piezoelectric substrate is a fixed end, the other end of the piezoelectric substrate is an overhanging end, one end of the piezoelectric film and the fixed end of the piezoelectric substrate are both fixed to the base, and are higher than the bottom face in the shell, at least one acoustic surface wave resonator is arranged on the upper surface of the piezoelectric film, and the surplus acoustic surface wave resonators are arranged between the piezoelectric film and the piezoelectric substrate, the acoustic surface waves generated by the three acoustic surface wave resonators are spread in the direction y, and the direction y is the direction perpendicular to the extending direction from the fixed end of the piezoelectric substrate to the overhanging end of the piezoelectric substrate. The sensing vibration sensor can monitor vibration and temperature at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically related to a kind of sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave.
Background technology
Existing real-time monitoring structural health conditions (Structural Health Monitoring, SHM) is the key of many industrial process controls.In many commercial Application, the health status of mechanical part under monitoring moving state, as the real-time monitoring of the vibrational state of the main bearing to high speed train wheel, is very important.Use the maintenance (Condition Based Maintenance, CBM) based on state to substitute a kind of effective ways that current maintenance according to plan (Schedule Based Maintenance, SBM) is reduction maintenance and operation cost.In all these situations, adopting polytype sensor to carry out real-time health monitoring is the key that keeps to greatest extent continuous operating time.Compact conformation, wireless and passive sensor are specially adapted in dangerous environment, as carried out in real time continuously real-time monitoring structural health conditions under outdoor inclement weather environment, under the environment such as high temperature, high electromagnetic radiation.These small-sized wireless sourceless sensors can be constantly the health status of surveillance equipment in real time, and provide alerting signal to central control room in the time that basic concept has exceeded specific scope.
Based on the sensor of surface acoustic wave (SAW), physical dimension is little, wireless, passive, is well suited for this class formation health monitoring application.Sensor based on SAW is completely passive (without battery), has very high reliability.Coordinate with radio read-write device, these passive sensors read distance can reach more than 5 meters.
Due to the high sensitivity of piezoelectric property to outside environmental change, SAW device as lag line, reflection delay line resonator, is suitable for measuring stress, strain, temperature, pressure, acceleration, vibration very much, and other physical quantitys.Under normal conditions, SAW device is made in piezoelectric substrate, and it comprises one or morely can convert the electric signal applying to surface acoustic wave, then surface acoustic wave is converted to interdigital transducer (IDT) structure of electric signal.
The physical quantity of all outsides and/or chemical composition all can cause can be by the variation of the piezoelectric substrate material behavior that sensor monitored based on SAW.Depend on the project organization of SAW sensor, such external physical amount and/or the variation of chemical composition can be identified, they or be associated with the resonance frequency shift of SAW resonator, or be associated with the time delay of SAW lag line or the phase deviation of electric signal, or be associated with the variation of the reflective power spectral density (PSD) of SAW delay-line structure.
In the prior art, a wired SAW vibration transducer is to accomplish by realizing respectively two identical SAW resonators on the different surfaces on a piezoelectric cantilever substrate.It is very difficult that this design implements in manufacturing process, not only complex structure, and also production cost is also high, and therefore, in reality, it is difficult to provide any significant batch production.Also some scheme is the structure that uses SAW wave filter, is arranged near of cantilever stiff end to do vibration monitoring.But this due to without any reference data, is difficult to effectively distinguish the frequency change that vibration and temperature are brought, thereby is difficult to obtain measurement accurately by the device of the centre frequency variation of monitoring wave filter, make measuring accuracy low.Also have another kind of design, it uses a single SAW resonator, is arranged near the stiff end of cantilever, monitors the acoustic vibration (being applied to intrusion detection) of the characteristic frequency producing because of glass breaking.Although it can be used for this application scenario, whether the vibration that this design can only be used for monitoring a certain characteristic frequency occurs, and can not be used for the vibration of monitoring in wide frequency ranges, and does not have temperature compensation function.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: provide one not only simple in structure, compact, production cost is low, and can monitoring vibration, and the high sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave of measuring accuracy, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave, comprise housing and cap, and described housing and cap are tightly connected, and its innovative point is:
A, also comprise pedestal, piezoelectric element and three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator, described pedestal is fixed on the bottom in housing;
B, described piezoelectric element are to be made up of piezoelectric membrane and piezoelectric substrate, and described piezoelectric membrane is located at the upper surface of piezoelectric substrate, and one end of piezoelectric substrate is stiff end, the other end is projecting end, one end of piezoelectric membrane and the stiff end of piezoelectric substrate are all fixed on pedestal, and higher than the bottom surface in housing
Have at least a SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator to be located at the upper surface of piezoelectric membrane, remaining sound surface resonance device is located between piezoelectric membrane and piezoelectric substrate;
C, described three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator are connected in parallel, and resonance frequency is different;
The surface acoustic wave that d, described three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator produce is all propagated in Y-direction, and described Y-direction refers to stiff end along piezoelectric substrate and to stretch out the perpendicular direction of direction to the projecting end of piezoelectric substrate.
In technique scheme, also comprise briquetting; Described briquetting is located at the projecting end of piezoelectric substrate, and described briquetting and piezoelectric substrate be fixedly connected with or one each other.
In technique scheme, when described briquetting is fixedly connected with piezoelectric substrate, described briquetting is golden briquetting, or silver-colored briquetting, or platinum briquetting.Certainly, be not limited to this, briquetting also can adopt the mass of other materials.
In technique scheme, described housing and cap are respectively metal shell and metal cap.
In technique scheme, described housing and cap are respectively ceramic shell and metal cap.
In technique scheme, described piezoelectric membrane is zinc paste or aluminium nitride.
In technique scheme, described piezoelectric substrate can be that ST cuts quartz or FST-cuts quartz.Described ST cuts the direction of propagation that quartz or FST-cut the surface acoustic wave that quartzy ST or FST direction produce with SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator and overlaps, all in Y-direction.Certainly, be not limited to this, piezoelectric substrate also can adopt other piezoelectric crystal.
The good effect that the present invention has is: owing to having adopted after above-mentioned sensor construction, three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator are arranged on piezoelectric element, and are arranged to layer structure, be arranged in housing and sealed by cap; Therefore, the present invention is not only simple in structure, compact, and production cost is low, and be surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor that can simultaneously measure temperature and vibration, and the measurement of temperature and vibration is all to realize by the mode of difference, by the resonance frequency of the resonator of sense vibrations being deducted to the variation of the resonance frequency causing because of temperature drift, can obtain the measured value of the vibration of a temperature compensation; Like this, the present invention can monitor acceleration, have temperature compensation function, and measuring accuracy is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cut-open view that Fig. 1 does not comprise housing;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that the present invention does not comprise the third embodiment of housing and cap.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the embodiment that provides, the present invention is further illustrated, but be not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1,2,3, 4, a kind of sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave, comprises housing 1 and cap 2, and described housing 1 and cap 2 are tightly connected, and its:
A, also comprise pedestal 8, piezoelectric element 5 and three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4, described pedestal 8 is fixed on the bottom in housing 1;
B, described piezoelectric element 5 are to be made up of piezoelectric membrane 6 and piezoelectric substrate 3, described piezoelectric membrane is located at the upper surface of piezoelectric substrate 3, one end of piezoelectric substrate 3 is stiff end, the other end is projecting end, the stiff end of one end of piezoelectric membrane 6 and piezoelectric substrate 3 is all fixed on pedestal 8, and higher than the bottom surface in housing 1
Have at least a SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 to be located at the upper surface of piezoelectric membrane 6, remaining sound surface resonance device 4 is located between piezoelectric membrane 6 and piezoelectric substrate 3;
C, described three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 are connected in parallel, and resonance frequency is different;
The surface acoustic wave that d, described three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 produce is all propagated in Y-direction, and described Y-direction refers to stiff end along piezoelectric substrate 3 and to stretch out the perpendicular direction of direction to the projecting end of piezoelectric substrate 3.
As shown in Figure 1, one of them SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 is for sense vibrations, and this SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 is located between piezoelectric membrane 6 and piezoelectric substrate 3 and near pedestal 8; Certainly, also can be located at upper surface and the close pedestal 8 of piezoelectric membrane 6 one end; One of them SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 is for sensing temperature, and this SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 is located at the other end of piezoelectric substrate 3 and between piezoelectric membrane 6 and piezoelectric substrate 3, remain a SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 for perception reference temperature, and this SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 is located at the upper surface of piezoelectric membrane 6 other ends.
As shown in Figure 1,2,3, 4, also comprise briquetting 9; Projecting end and briquetting 9 that described briquetting 9 is located at piezoelectric substrate 3 are positioned on the upper surface of the other end of piezoelectric membrane 6, described briquetting 9 is (as shown in Figure 1) that are fixedly connected with piezoelectric substrate 3, or described briquetting 9 and piezoelectric substrate 3 are one each other, and briquetting 9 is located on the lower surface of piezoelectric substrate 3 projecting ends (as shown in Figure 3).All be positioned at the inner side of briquetting 9 for two sound surface resonance devices 4 of sensing temperature and perception reference temperature.Two sound surface resonance devices 4 for sensing temperature and perception reference temperature overlap in the projection of vertical direction.
As shown in Figure 3, when described briquetting 9 is fixedly connected with piezoelectric substrate 3, described briquetting 9 is golden briquettings, or silver-colored briquetting, or platinum briquetting, or the mass of other material.Briquetting 9 is the intrinsic resonance frequencies for obtaining desirable piezoelectricity overarm (piezoelectric substrate 3 and piezoelectric membrane 6).
Housing 1 of the present invention and cap 2 are respectively metal shell and metal cap.Or described housing 1 and cap 2 are respectively ceramic shell and metal cap.
Piezoelectric membrane 6 of the present invention is zinc paste or aluminium nitride.
Piezoelectric substrate 3 of the present invention can be that ST cuts quartz or FST-cuts quartz.Described ST cuts the direction of propagation that quartz or FST-cut the surface acoustic wave that quartzy ST or FST direction produce with SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator and overlaps, all in Y-direction.Certainly, be not limited to this, piezoelectric substrate also can adopt other piezoelectric crystal.
As shown in Figure 3, the present invention is used for two sound surface resonance devices 4 of sensing temperature and perception reference temperature in the time that the projection of vertical direction is intersected, both angles are within the scope of 0 ° ~ 180 °, concrete numerical value is determined by the maximal value of the difference of two direction surface acoustic wave time delay temperatures coefficient (TCD), and the sensitivity that can guarantee like this temperature difference measurement of these two SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 is the best.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the direction of the vibration that the present invention senses is the z-direction of principal axis that piezoelectric substrate 3 moves up and down, and the surface acoustic wave that the interdigital transducer (IDT) that three surface acoustic waves (SAW) resonator has respectively produces is propagated in y direction.In structure shown in Fig. 1,2, piezoelectric substrate 3(ST cuts quartz or FST-and cuts quartz etc.) the tangential y direction of principal axis for sensor construction of crystal; The SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 of sensing temperature and temperature coefficient poor (that is temperature survey sensitivity of sensor) between the SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 of the temperature reference signal material parameter by piezoelectric membrane 6, the poor decision of resonance frequency of the film thickness of piezoelectric membrane 6 and these two SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 7 are provided in this case.
As shown in Figure 4, two sound surface resonance devices 4 for sensing temperature and perception reference temperature overlap in the projection section of vertical direction, be that the SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 of sensing temperature and the SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 of sensing reference temperature are crossing in the projection of vertical direction, be nonparallel in angle.The SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 of sensing temperature and temperature coefficient poor (that is temperature survey sensitivity of sensor) between the SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 of the temperature reference signal material parameter by piezoelectric membrane 6 is provided in this case, the thickness of piezoelectric membrane 6, the angle between sensing temperature and the SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 of perception reference temperature and the poor decision of resonance frequency of two resonators.
The acoustic surface wave propagation direction of SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator of the present invention is located at ST or the FST direction of y direction quartz crystal, therefore its size in x direction is less; So the physical quantity of SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator perception has more locality (be confined to x direction one compared with minizone), more can accurately reflect that the physical quantity of institute's measuring point changes.
The present invention can measure the temperature of external environment condition by the difference on the frequency skew between the SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 of sensing temperature and the SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 4 of sensing reference temperature, difference on the frequency between the first sound surface resonator 4 of sense vibrations and the 3rd SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator 7 of sensing reference temperature, deduct the frequency drift causing because of temperature variation again, thereby accurately calculate the frequency change only being caused by vibration, and then reach the object of measuring vibrations.
Claims (7)
1. the sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave, comprises housing (1) and cap (2), and described housing (1) and cap (2) are tightly connected, and it is characterized in that:
A, also comprise that pedestal (8), piezoelectric element (5) and three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator (4), described pedestal (8) are fixed on the bottom in housing (1);
B, described piezoelectric element (5) are to be made up of piezoelectric membrane (6) and piezoelectric substrate (3), described piezoelectric membrane is located at the upper surface of piezoelectric substrate (3), one end of piezoelectric substrate (3) is stiff end, the other end is projecting end, the stiff end of one end of piezoelectric membrane (6) and piezoelectric substrate (3) is all fixed on pedestal (8), and higher than the bottom surface in housing (1)
Have at least a SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator (4) to be located at the upper surface of piezoelectric membrane (6), remaining sound surface resonance device (4) is located between piezoelectric membrane (6) and piezoelectric substrate (3);
C, described three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator (4) are connected in parallel, and resonance frequency is different;
The surface acoustic wave that d, described three SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonator (4) produce is all propagated in Y-direction, and described Y-direction refers to stiff end along piezoelectric substrate (3) and to stretch out the perpendicular direction of direction to the projecting end of piezoelectric substrate (3).
2. the sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise briquetting (9); Described briquetting (9) is located at the projecting end of piezoelectric substrate (3), and described briquetting (9) and piezoelectric substrate (3) be fixedly connected with or one each other.
3. the sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: when described briquetting (9) is fixedly connected with piezoelectric substrate (3), described briquetting (9) is golden briquetting, or silver-colored briquetting, or platinum briquetting.
4. the sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described housing (1) and cap (2) are respectively metal shell and metal cap.
5. the sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described housing (1) and cap (2) are respectively ceramic shell and metal cap.
6. the sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described piezoelectric membrane (6) is zinc paste or aluminium nitride.
7. the sense vibrations sensor with temperature compensation based on surface acoustic wave according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described piezoelectric substrate (3) can be that ST cuts quartz or FST-cuts quartz.
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| CN201410257027.9A CN104006875B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | The sense vibrations sensor with temperature-compensating based on surface acoustic wave |
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| CN104006875B CN104006875B (en) | 2018-04-10 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116086546A (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-05-09 | 中北大学 | Device and method for real-time in-situ simultaneous measurement of temperature and mechanical parameters |
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| US4333342A (en) * | 1980-11-03 | 1982-06-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Fluid damped saw accelerometer |
| JP2009053138A (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-12 | Seiko Epson Corp | Saw sensor and saw sensor element |
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