CN104006377A

CN104006377A - Treatment method for realizing zero release of fuel coal smoke dust in atmosphere

Info

Publication number: CN104006377A
Application number: CN201410075398.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭继会
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-03-04
Filing date: 2014-03-04
Publication date: 2014-08-27

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment method for realizing zero release of fuel coal smoke dust in atmosphere. The treatment method for realizing zero release of fuel coal smoke dust in atmosphere is characterized by comprising the following steps: inletting air naturally; replacing a chimney by a smoke sucker; discharging smoke dust into an atomizing chamber; sealing the atomizing chamber and enabling harmful gases such as sulfur-containing oxide and nitrogen-containing oxide to react with alkaline liquor; spraying the harmful gases which cannot react, such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen, into a furnace for secondary combustion through a returning flue and by using an air exhauster. The coal-fired boiler adopts totally sealed combustion, so that energy is saved, consumption is reduced, the harmful gases such as the smoke dust become available, and zero release in the atmosphere is realized.

Description

Coal smoke is realized large gas zero improvement method

Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of coal smoke and realize large gas zero improvement method

Technical background: produce pernicious gas and the carbon dioxide such as a large amount of dust, nitride, sulfide when coal heating generating.These gases enter in atmosphere and cause serious atmosphere pollution, cause the formation of greenhouse effects and acid rain, and earth environment is seriously damaged, so coal-burning boiler has been installed desulfur dust remover now, reduce the discharge of pernicious gas.But in the gas after dust-removal and desulfurizing, still enter atmosphere containing a large amount of pernicious gases, particularly great amount of carbon dioxide enters aerial initiation greenhouse effects, still can not fundamentally solve atmosphere polluting problem.Meanwhile, dust removing desulphurization plant costliness is brought serious burden to enterprise, promotes more difficult.

Summary of the invention: the present invention, by the method such as the processing of sealing atomization absorption and second-time burning to coal smoke, has realized the zero-emission to atmosphere.Fundamentally solve the pollution problem to atmosphere of coal smoke, and effective equally to the improvement of other fuel flue dust.The governance flowchart of the technical program: (spray is containing aqueous alkali for natural air inlet bucket (can partly substitute blast apparatus) → boiler furnace → flue dust air exhauster → sealing atomization reative cell, water pump, barricade, filter screen, sedimentation basin) → returning to flue → boiler fires chamber second-time burning.Administer chemical principle: flue dust is introduced to the atomization reative cell of sealing, very easily water-soluble pernicious gas is sprayed, absorbed and transform by alkali lye here.Its reaction equation is as follows:

A：CO ₂+H ₂O=H ₂CO ₃

H ₂CO ₃+2KOH=K ₂CO ₃+H ₂O

CO ₂+2KOH=K ₂CO ₃+H ₂O

B：SO ₂+H ₂O=H ₂SO ₃

H ₂SO ₃+KOH=K ₂SO ₃+H ₂O

SO ₂+2KOH=K ₂SO ₃+H ₂O

C：SO ₃+H ₂O=H ₂SO ₄

H ₂SO ₄+KOH=K ₂SO ₄+H ₂O

SO ₃+2KOH=K ₂SO ₄+H ₂O

D：3NO ₂+H ₂O=3HNO ₃+NO

HNO ₃+KOH=KNO ₃+H ₂O

E：2NO+O ₂=2NO ₂

2CO+O ₂=2CO ₂

2SO ₂+ O ₂=catalyst=2SO ₃

brief description of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is that coal smoke is realized zero-emission improvement method figure

1 natural air inlet bucket 2 air blast 3 boiler 4 charging aperture 5 fuel chambers 6 smoke extractors

7 barricade filter screen 8 alkali lye 9 water pump 10 shower nozzles 11 seal atomization precipitation reaction chamber

12 return to flue 13 air exhauster 14 chimneys can

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

1, at spray chamber, through a series of chemical changes, the end product in the aqueous solution has K to flue dust ₂cO ₃, K ₂sO ₃, K ₂sO ₄, KNO ₃these products are all the important industrial chemicals of producing potash fertilizer, therefore, its aqueous solution can be focused on, and producing useful chemical products turns waste into wealth.The coal dust of precipitation can do fertilizer or the raw material for making hollow brick.

2, existing coal-burning boiler is transformed to only to increase a spray chamber relatively simple, (also can retain present chimney and enter chimney discharge by tail gas) invests little, expense is low, can not bring heavy burden to enterprise, (remove from and buy high environmental protection dust guard pollution abatement equipment).This improvement method can also extensively be suitable for all coal-fired places as industrial coal aspects such as steel-making, ironmaking.As in city, cold area in north, with coal-burning boiler centralizedly supply hot water, can reduce the atmosphere pollution that resident disperses fire coal to cook to cause.Adopt after this control measures, in fact each coal-burning boiler has become a little chemical plant.Meanwhile, the water-fast poisonous tail gas such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, can make water temperature raise and be fully used through second-time burning and flue dust waste heat after spray chamber is absorbed by water, can obviously improve coal-fired thermal transition efficiency, thereby save coal-fired.Natural air inlet bucket must use, and has reduced the blasting time of air blast, has saved electric energy, can be than more power saving transformation from power consumption.The method is more safe and reliable than the dust collection method such as electric precipitation, dust removal with machine, failure rate is low and good dedusting effect.

3, coal-burning boiler adopts totally enclosed type combustion energy saving consumption reduction, and the pernicious gases such as dust are turned waste into wealth, and realizes zero-emission.

Detailed description of the invention:

1, the natural air inlet bucket existing coal-burning boiler increase can box haul being rotated, makes full use of the inside and outside draught head of natural wind and stove, and prolonged boiler natural time, reduces and use air blast as far as possible, reaches energy-saving and cost-reducing object;

2, air exhauster is installed, flue dust and gas after burning are sprayed into spray chamber, notice that air exhauster and boiler room must be airtight, make air exhauster play the effect of original chimney;

3, atomization reative cell is the main place of processing flue dust, flue gas, in the spray chamber of sealing, establishes flue dust barricade bonus point metafiltration net, and with multi-angle showerhead by aqueous slkali atomisation, to the absorption of dissolving of flue dust pernicious gas.Water pump is installed can constantly recycle alkali lye.Very easily water-soluble SO ₂, NO ₂, CO ₂absorbed and transform by aqueous slkali Deng gas.Dust falls into bottom precipitation (product of associated gas can referring to reaction principle) with water.Some H water insoluble and difficult and alkali reaction ₂, the gas such as CO, enter boiler and carry out second-time burning (because water-fast H through returning to flue ₂, CO is flammable).The size of spray chamber can, according to the design of aerosol spraying amount size, inside be established barricade filter screen, can increase the contact area of flue dust and solution, controls flue dust in the indoor holdup time.If flue dust is large, can establish the second spray chamber, and between two Room, air exhauster is installed, absorb appropriate air, make CO, NO and O ₂in conjunction with generating very easily water-soluble NO ₂and CO ₂absorb for the second time at the second spray chamber.Flue dust has substantially obtained conversion through series of physical with chemical absorption at spray chamber.

Claims

1. coal smoke is realized large its technical characterictic of gas zero improvement method and is: natural air inlet bucket, smoke extractor, and sealing spray chamber, circulating enclosed burning is carried out in second-time burning, realizes harmful flue dust to large gas zero standard.

As described in right 1 natural air inlet bucket be connected with inlet air of boiler road can partly substitute air blast save the energy, described smoke extractor is connected with boiler, and flue gas is entered to spray chamber.

3. as described in right 1, seal spray chamber: comprise barricade, filter screen, water pump atomizer, alkali lye, make pernicious gas in flue dust, at this, chemical reaction occur, be dissolved in alkali lye or precipitation.

4. second-time burning as described in right 1: comprise and return to flue that air exhauster makes to be insoluble to the residual gas after treatment such as H2 and CO in alkali in spray chamber and sends into and carry out second-time burning in boiler through air exhauster.