CN103999592A - Method for avoiding vegetation degradation of acid mine waste rock yard - Google Patents
Method for avoiding vegetation degradation of acid mine waste rock yard Download PDFInfo
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- CN103999592A CN103999592A CN201410225388.5A CN201410225388A CN103999592A CN 103999592 A CN103999592 A CN 103999592A CN 201410225388 A CN201410225388 A CN 201410225388A CN 103999592 A CN103999592 A CN 103999592A
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- lining cutting
- lining
- cascaded surface
- drain
- mining area
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for avoiding vegetation degradation of an acid mine waste rock yard. The method comprises modifying the slopes of the waste rock yard into a stepped shape, accordingly forming a plurality of step surfaces, and applying improving soil on the step surfaces; then digging intercepting ditches in the step surfaces, setting a first lining, a second lining and a third lining on the wall of every intercepting ditches, setting mortar plaster layers on the outer surface of the first lining and the inner surface of the second lining, and setting gaps or drainage pipes in the third lining to enable the third lining to be permeated by acid waste water; setting drainage ditches, which are communicated with the intercepting ditches, in the step surfaces for draining the acid waste water, performing hazard-free treatment on the acid waste water downstream and then discharging the treated water into natural channels. The method for avoiding the vegetation degradation of the acid mine waste yard can eliminate the acid waste water in the slopes, effectively prevent the acid waste water entering improved soil and further avoid damage to the improved soil and death of recovered vegetation, and meanwhile effectively avoid water and soil losses.
Description
Technical field
The ecological reestablishment that the present invention relates to the special site environment that artificially strong disturbance causes such as nonferrous metal mine waste-rock yard, Tailings Dam, production face, is specifically related to a kind of method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration.
Background technology
The environmental problem that mining mineral resource produces is global problem, not only cause mining area ecological environment to worsen, more serious is the severe contamination that causes mining area ambient atmosphere, water body and soil, the ecosystem functions such as river, forest and farmland are wrecked, even heavy metal jeopardizes human health by drinking-water and food chain, the acid mine drainage that particularly exploitation of sulfur-bearing metal mine produces has become environment " malignant tumor " to the harm in downstream, mining area, and difficulty of governance is very large.In passive interception measure and lime and etc. method can not effect a radical cure acid mine drainage problem, only make mining area recover vegetation, administered mining area water and soil loss, can fundamentally alleviate and progressively effect a radical cure mining area and surrounding enviroment problem.
Waste-rock yard side slope is the typical microrelief type that mining area floor space is large, revegetation is difficult.At present, first the soil of waste-rock yard is improved both at home and abroad, then planted vegetation on the soil of improvement, thereby complete resuming work of vegetation.But while using current method for recovering vegetation, can again occur soil degradation and the vegetation phenomena of mortality in 1-2, this is to improve soil because the acidic waste water that waste-rock yard slope body oozes out enters, thereby causes soil again to be degenerated and cause plant dead gradually.Meanwhile, the water and soil loss that waste-rock yard causes because of rainfall, is also to cause a factor recovering vegetation degeneration.Therefore, existing urgent need will a kind of method that prevents from recovering vegetation degeneration.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency existing in order to overcome above prior art, a kind of method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration that prevents acidic waste water impact, improves vegetation survival rate is provided.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme: a kind of method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration, comprises the following steps:
A, the slope body finishing of waste-rock yard is to multistage stepped, thereby obtains multiple cascaded surfaces, described cascaded surface tilts from inner side, lateral, and improvement soil horizon is set on cascaded surface;
B, in the inner side of cascaded surface, intercepting drain is set, the furrow bank of described intercepting drain is provided with the first lining cutting, the second lining cutting and the 3rd lining cutting, described the second lining cutting, the first lining cutting and the 3rd lining cutting side direction in the lateral of cascaded surface distribute successively, and the lower end of described the second lining cutting is connected with the both sides of the first lining cutting respectively with the lower end of the 3rd lining cutting; Described the 3rd lining cutting can suitably increase height and thickness according to the slope body gradient, with the effect of the retaining wall of having held concurrently, prevents that slope body from collapsing; And intercepting drain can be tackled the acidic waste water that higher level slope body oozes out, intercepting drain prevents that these acidic waste waters from entering on subordinate's cascaded surface and improves soil horizon, thereby the improvement soil on protection subordinate cascaded surface is destroyed by acidic waste water.
C, be equipped with anti-permeable sand finish layer at the inner surface of described the first lining cutting and the inner surface of the second lining cutting, described the 3rd lining cutting is provided with multiple osculums, and described osculum is communicated with intercepting drain and slope body; Refer to the surface in intercepting drain for inner surface, this is similar to the wall in house, towards within doors be internal face;
D, on described cascaded surface, be provided with the drain ditch being communicated with intercepting drain.
Prevent vegetation degeneration effect and prevent erosion to have following steps between described step B and step D for further ensureing, between described the 3rd lining cutting and slope body, loaded filter being set, described loaded filter and osculum are just to arranging.Adopt this design, this had both prevented that body bottom, slope soil from flowing out by osculum, caused body bottom, slope emptied unstability and collapse, and also prevented that the soil in the body of slope from stopping up the osculum of the 3rd lining cutting.
Preferred as one, described loaded filter is mainly made up of the pellet of different sizes, and described pellet is from diminishing gradually away from its particle diameter of direction of the 3rd lining cutting; Wherein, be greater than the diameter of osculum near the particle diameter of the pellet of the 3rd lining cutting.Adopt a little designs, this soil that can effectively prevent slope body runs off, and can ensure that again acidic waste water is smoothly by loaded filter, also prevents that the earth of slope body from stopping up osculum simultaneously.
Preferred as one, described pellet comprises gravel, coarse sand and fine sand, and described gravel, coarse sand and fine sand are from distributing successively away from the direction of the 3rd lining cutting; And the particle diameter of described gravel is greater than the diameter of osculum.
Preferred as one, described osculum is by the time institute gap of staying of building the 3rd lining cutting by laying bricks or stones or form by drainpipe is set.Osculum is for discharging moisture in the body of slope fast, this prevents generation hydrostatic pressing in the body of slope, thereby affect the stability of the 3rd lining cutting, what is more important, prevent that slope body inner acidic moisture from being entered and being improved soil horizon by intercepting drain bottom under the effect of hydrostatic pressing, causes the harm to soil and vegetation.
Preferred as one, described osculum is uniformly distributed in the bottom of the 3rd lining cutting.
The quantity in described drain ditch is one, and described drain ditch is positioned at one end of cascaded surface; Described intercepting drain tilts to one end from the other end of cascaded surface.Intercepting drain is obliquely installed, and this can prevent that acidic waste water from accumulating on intercepting drain, ensures to discharge after acidic waste water flows to drain ditch smoothly again.
The quantity in described drain ditch is 2, and 2 described drain ditchs lay respectively at the two ends of cascaded surface; Described intercepting drain tilts to two ends from the middle part of cascaded surface.This can prevent that acidic waste water is stranded in intercepting drain, ensures to discharge after acidic waste water flows to drain ditch smoothly again.
Concrete, the quantity in drain ditch and position can determine according to factors such as the shapes of the length between cascaded surface two ends, local rainfall and slope body.As in the time that the contour of slope body is V-shaped, the middle part of slope body has groove, and cascaded surface is also V-shaped, now the quantity in drain ditch can be one, and drain ditch is positioned at the middle part of slope body, i.e. the middle part of cascaded surface, intercepting drain tilts to middle part from the two ends of cascaded surface simultaneously, thereby ensures the discharge of waste water; When the contour of slope body is monolateral when skewed, cascaded surface also wherein one end tilt, now the quantity in described drain ditch is one, and this drain ditch is positioned at one end that cascaded surface height is lower; And in the time that the contour of slope body is inverted V-shaped, the middle part of slope body is prominent, cascaded surface is also inverted V-shaped, and now the quantity in drain ditch can be two, and two drain ditchs lay respectively at the two ends of cascaded surface, and intercepting drain tilts to two ends from the middle part of cascaded surface.
Preferred as one, the angle that described cascaded surface tilts is 3 °～5 °.Cascaded surface is tilted a little from inner side, lateral, and the water on cascaded surface is drained from drain ditch after can being collected to intercepting drain again.Therefore can not cause water and soil loss because the runoff that cascaded surface produces produces to wash away to slope body in the time meeting with compared with large rainfall, ensure that like this improvement is edaphic stable, be conducive to the survival of vegetation, avoid vegetation degeneration.
The present invention has advantages of as follows with respect to prior art: first the method that originally prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration adopts the domatic acidic waste water oozing out of intercepting drain interception, stops acidic waste water directly to enter and has improved in soil horizon; All utilize the antiseepage of sand finish layer in the first lining cutting and the second lining cutting, this can prevent that the acidic waste water in intercepting drain from infiltrating in cascaded surface reclaimed soil, thereby avoids acidic waste water to destroy improvement soil, prevents vegetation degeneration; And in the 3rd lining cutting, osculum being set, this not only makes the acidic waste water in the body of slope enter smoothly intercepting drain, has also prevented that slope volume from tiring out too much acidic waste water, thereby avoids the 3rd lining cutting to produce larger pressure, therefore improved the stability of the 3rd lining cutting.Originally prevent that the method for acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration is by intercepting drain and drain ditch are set, this effectively tackles and gets rid of rainfall runoff, stablized slope body, thereby prevents erosion, and has improved the survival rate of recovering vegetation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the structural representation after intercepting drain is repaired and arranged to the slope body of the waste-rock yard of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the cross section partial schematic diagram of the 3rd lining cutting in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprises the following steps:
A, the slope body of waste-rock yard 1 finishing is to multistage stepped, thereby obtains multiple cascaded surfaces 2, described cascaded surface 2 tilts from inner side, lateral, and the angle that described cascaded surface 2 tilts is 4 ° and improvement soil horizon 3 is set on cascaded surface 2; Vegetation is planted in improvement soil horizon 3;
B, in the inner side of cascaded surface 2, intercepting drain 4 is set, the furrow bank of described intercepting drain 4 is provided with the first lining cutting 6, the second lining cutting 5 and the 3rd lining cutting 7, described the second lining cutting 5, the first lining cutting 6 and the 3rd lining cutting 7 side direction in the lateral of cascaded surface 2 distribute successively, and the lower end of described the second lining cutting 5 is connected with the both sides of the first lining cutting 6 respectively with the lower end of the 3rd lining cutting 7;
C, be equipped with anti-permeable sand finish layer 8 at the inner surface of described the first lining cutting 6 and the inner surface of the second lining cutting 5, described the 3rd lining cutting 7 is provided with multiple osculums 10, and described osculum 10 is communicated with intercepting drain 4 and slope body 1; Meanwhile, described osculum 10 is uniformly distributed in the bottom of the 3rd lining cutting 7;
D, on described cascaded surface 3, be provided with the drain ditch being communicated with intercepting drain 4.
Concrete, as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the first lining cutting 6, the second lining cutting 5 and the 3rd lining cutting 7 all adopt brick 11 and cement mortar 12 to form.And the gap that osculum 10 is reserved certain sizes between adjacent two bricks forms.This uses lower cost materials to manufacture the first lining cutting 6, the second lining cutting 5 and the 3rd lining cutting 7, thus not only economical and practical, and easy construction.
Prevent vegetation degeneration effect and prevent erosion for further ensureing, between described step B and step D, there are following steps, between described the 3rd lining cutting 7 and slope body 1, loaded filter 9 is set, also between described the 3rd outer surface of lining cutting and the furrow bank of intercepting drain, loaded filter is set, described loaded filter 9 and osculum 10 are just to arranging.Adopt this design, this had both prevented that slope body 1 bottom soil from flowing out by osculum 10, caused body 1 bottom in slope emptied unstability and collapse, and also prevented that the soil in slope body 1 from stopping up the osculum 10 of the 3rd lining cutting 7.Described loaded filter 9 is mainly made up of the pellet of different sizes, and described pellet is from diminishing gradually away from the direction of the 3rd lining cutting 7; Wherein, be greater than the diameter of osculum 10 near the particle diameter of the pellet of the 3rd lining cutting 7.Adopt a little designs, this can effectively prevent the soil erosion of slope body 1, can ensure that again acidic waste water is smoothly by loaded filter 9, also prevents that the earth of slope body 1 from stopping up osculum 10 simultaneously.
Described pellet comprises gravel, coarse sand and fine sand, and described gravel, coarse sand and fine sand are from distributing successively away from the direction of the 3rd lining cutting 7; And the particle diameter of described gravel is greater than the diameter of osculum 10.Generally, gravel is that particle diameter is the pellet of 2mm～60mm, is 0.5mm～1mm pellet and coarse sand is particle diameter, is the pellet of 0.1mm～0.25mm and fine sand is particle diameter.
Described osculum 10 gap of staying when building the 3rd lining cutting 7 by laying bricks or stones forms.For the earth that better prevents slope body 1 flows to drain ditch from osculum 10, avoid soil erosion, in described osculum 10, be filled with gravel.
The quantity in described drain ditch is one, and described drain ditch is positioned at one end of cascaded surface 2; Described intercepting drain 4 tilts to one end from the other end of cascaded surface 2.Intercepting drain 4 is obliquely installed, and this can prevent that acidic waste water from accumulating on intercepting drain 4, ensures to discharge after acidic waste water flows to drain ditch smoothly again.
Embodiment 2
Originally the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration except following technical characterictic with embodiment 1: the quantity in described drain ditch is 2, and 2 described drain ditchs lay respectively at the two ends of cascaded surface 2; Described intercepting drain 4 tilts to two ends from the middle part of 2 of ladders.This can prevent that acidic waste water from accumulating on intercepting drain 4, ensures to discharge after acidic waste water flows to drain ditch smoothly again.
Embodiment 3
Originally the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration except following technical characterictic with embodiment 1: described osculum 10 forms by drainpipe is set.In the time building the 3rd lining cutting 7 by laying bricks or stones, adopt drainpipe to form osculum 10, the possibility that when the 3rd lining cutting is built in this minimizing by laying bricks or stones, osculum 10 is stopped up by cement mortar, ensures that draining is smooth and easy.
Above-mentioned embodiment is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can not limit the present invention, and other any change or other equivalent substitute mode that does not deviate from technical scheme of the present invention and make, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A, the slope body finishing of waste-rock yard is to multistage stepped, thereby obtains multiple cascaded surfaces, described cascaded surface tilts from inner side, lateral, and improvement soil horizon is set on cascaded surface;
B, in the inner side of cascaded surface, intercepting drain is set, the furrow bank of described intercepting drain is provided with the first lining cutting, the second lining cutting and the 3rd lining cutting, described the second lining cutting, the first lining cutting and the 3rd lining cutting side direction in the lateral of cascaded surface distribute successively, and the lower end of described the second lining cutting is connected with the both sides of the first lining cutting respectively with the lower end of the 3rd lining cutting;
C, be equipped with anti-permeable sand finish layer at the inner surface of described the first lining cutting and the inner surface of the second lining cutting, described the 3rd lining cutting is provided with multiple osculums, and described osculum is communicated with intercepting drain and slope body;
D, on described cascaded surface, be provided with the drain ditch being communicated with intercepting drain.
2. the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described step B and step D, there are following steps, between described the 3rd lining cutting and slope body, loaded filter is set, described loaded filter and osculum are just to arranging.
3. the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described loaded filter is mainly made up of the pellet of different sizes, and described pellet is from diminishing gradually away from its particle diameter of direction of the 3rd lining cutting; Wherein, be greater than the diameter of osculum near the particle diameter of the pellet of the 3rd lining cutting.
4. the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described pellet comprises gravel, coarse sand and fine sand, and described gravel, coarse sand and fine sand are from distributing successively away from the direction of the 3rd lining cutting; And the particle diameter of described gravel is greater than the diameter of osculum.
5. the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described osculum is by the time institute gap of staying of building the 3rd lining cutting by laying bricks or stones or form by drainpipe is set.
6. the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described osculum is uniformly distributed in the bottom of the 3rd lining cutting.
7. the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quantity in described drain ditch is one, and described drain ditch is positioned at one end of cascaded surface; Described intercepting drain tilts to one end from the other end of cascaded surface.
8. the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quantity in described drain ditch is 2, and 2 described drain ditchs lay respectively at the two ends of cascaded surface; Described intercepting drain tilts to two ends from the middle part of cascaded surface.
9. the method that prevents acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the angle that described cascaded surface tilts is 3 °～5 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410225388.5A CN103999592B (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | A kind of method preventing acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410225388.5A CN103999592B (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | A kind of method preventing acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration |
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| CN103999592A true CN103999592A (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| CN103999592B CN103999592B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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| CN201410225388.5A Expired - Fee Related CN103999592B (en) | 2014-05-26 | 2014-05-26 | A kind of method preventing acid mining area waste-rock yard vegetation degeneration |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108040765A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 安徽金联地矿科技有限公司 | One kind answers green and construction method based on raw basin formula rock side slope is planted |
| CN111021379A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 内蒙古蒙草矿山科技有限责任公司 | Treatment method for acidic high and steep slope |
| CN114991192A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-02 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Permanent dewatering structure of foundation pit |
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2014
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108040765A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 安徽金联地矿科技有限公司 | One kind answers green and construction method based on raw basin formula rock side slope is planted |
| CN111021379A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 内蒙古蒙草矿山科技有限责任公司 | Treatment method for acidic high and steep slope |
| CN114991192A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-02 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Permanent dewatering structure of foundation pit |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103999592B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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Granted publication date: 20160824 |