CN1039903A - 气动及液压传送粒状材料的流速测量装置 - Google Patents

气动及液压传送粒状材料的流速测量装置 Download PDF

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CN1039903A
CN1039903A CN 89104822 CN89104822A CN1039903A CN 1039903 A CN1039903 A CN 1039903A CN 89104822 CN89104822 CN 89104822 CN 89104822 A CN89104822 A CN 89104822A CN 1039903 A CN1039903 A CN 1039903A
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electrode
electrode pair
bulk material
fluid
pneumatic
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洛思奇·克鲁
N·朱根
K·郝思特
H·克鲁
Z·哥特
W·弗兰克
H·汉斯-约奇姆
B·罗兰
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BRENNSTOFFINSTITUT FREIBERY
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
    • G01F1/64—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by measuring electrical currents passing through the fluid flow; measuring electrical potential generated by the fluid flow, e.g. by electrochemical, contact or friction effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/704—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow using marked regions or existing inhomogeneities within the fluid stream, e.g. statistically occurring variations in a fluid parameter
    • G01F1/708—Measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
    • G01F1/712—Measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using auto-correlation or cross-correlation detection means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/08—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring variation of an electric variable directly affected by the flow, e.g. by using dynamo-electric effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/18—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种在反应室及其它成套设备中测量气动及液压传送的细微粒状材料的流速的装置。该装置由两个电容式测量探头构成，每个探头有两个通道，每个通道包括两个电极对、一个差动元件和一个共同的延迟相关器。每个电极对的电极在传送管道外部沿径向互成小于180°的角度设置。每个电极对对应于一个具有相同或不同频率的交流电压发生器以同时控制选通电路，其中，电极对的电对可互成180°，全部电极对也可以只对应于一个交流电压发生器。

Description

本发明涉及一种在气动及液压的传送装置中测量细微粒状材料的流速的装置，它用于工艺反应室和其它成套设备。
可以使用例如煤粉、水泥、砂子或食品工业的物质作为传送材料。
测量多相混合物的流速主要是通过利用电容式测量探头检测和计算传送过程的自然波动来实现的。在Th.Boeck的出版物“自动化技术实践”慕尼黑28（1986）第10期第496至502页的文章“气动传送粒状材料的相关流量测定”中，提出了用于两相流动、特别是气-固态流动的基于电容式测量探头的相关速度测量系统。各个测量通道的电极对的电极位于管道圆周上并径向相对。这些电极检测通过传送管道横截面的自然波动，从而探测出最小的电容变化，然后借助于一个延迟相关器确定出测量通道之间的延迟时间。通过测量通道的已知的、极小的间隔计算出传送管道中自然波动的速度。速度测定时，上述测量系统没有考虑到通过传送管道横截面流动的固态物质的不均匀分布以及分解。这种沿电容式测量探头的测量部分强烈变化的测量敏感度和分布不均匀性导致速度测量值对于与总的传送管道横截面有关的固相平均速度无意义。
本发明的目的在于，提供一种在工艺反应室和其它成套设备中气动和液压传送细微粒状材料时测量流速的装置，从而在固相分解时也能测出此固相的准确流速。
本发明的任务在于，利用一个由已知电子部件（如电容式测量探头，微分元件和延迟相关器）组成的装置检测对测定固相物质平均流速所必需的有代表性的信号，从而得到一种高准确度的测量方法，此方法考虑到气-固态流动的分解效应。
上述任务的解决方案的效果在于，揭示出气-固态流动的分解过程、传送管道中包括通过横截面的速度不均在内的分解流动的固相物质的特性，并且克服分解气-固态流动的几何位置上测量探头灵敏度的匹配问题。从而得出直接在分解层中测量固态物质速度的信号值大小的必要性。发明的解决方案在于，消除了传送管道内速度不均和测量探头沿测量路径出现灵敏度变化的问题。
根据本发明，在反应室或其它成套设备中用于测量气动及液压传送的细微粒状材料的流速的装置由四个电极对组成，电极对的电极安装在传送管道的外面。每个电极对的电极互成小于180°的角度并沿传送管道的径向放置。每个电极对由一个分开的交流电压发生器供给不同的或相同的频率。其优点在于，对于分解的和不分解的流动可以近似一样高的准确度测量固相物质的有代表性的流速。
下面参照一个实施例来解释本发明。附图示出用于一个反应堆的额定宽度40的煤粉配料系统上的最重要组件的简图。根据本发明，在传送管道（4）的外圆周上以40°角安装有电极对（2、3）。交流电压发生器（5）以频率变化的正弦电压供给电极对（2、3）。这个发生器电压用作为相应敏感检波器（7）的节拍信号。
由电极对（2、3）的自然波动产生的信号送到电容-电压变换器（6）和相位敏感检波器（7）。相位敏感检波器（7）从混合信号中选出有用信号并同时抑制相邻电极对的信号。后续的带通滤波器（8）以其上限和下限频率限定待分析的波动信号频率范围。通过在跟着的差动元件（9）中形成电压差，抑制了沿轴向延伸并由两个电极对（2、3）同时检测的波动。因而，只检测出其起始点和结束点。从而，在差动元件（9）的输出端出现通道1（10）和通道2（10）的两个输出信号ΔU，它们被送入一个延迟相关器，该相关器求出从通道1（10）的电极对到通道2的电极对的波动延迟。从该测量值可计算出固相的速度。

Claims (2)

1、一种借助于电容式测量探头在反应室或其它成套设备中测量气动传送的细微粒状材料的流速的装置，其中，在传送管道的外壁上装有电极，测量探头由两个通道组成，每个通道包括两个电极对和一个差动元件，测量探头与一个延迟相关器相连，
其特征在于，
电极对的电极(2、3)沿传送管道(4)的径向互成小于180°的角度设置。
2、如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，在电极装置角度小于或等于180°时，每个电极对对应于一个具有不同或相同频率的分开的交流电压发生器（5），以同时控制选通电路。
CN 89104822 1988-07-19 1989-07-15 气动及液压传送粒状材料的流速测量装置 Pending CN1039903A (zh)

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DD318064-7 1988-07-19

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100439868C (zh) * 2005-12-13 2008-12-03 财团法人工业技术研究院 流量测量装置及其制造方法
CN100587492C (zh) * 2008-02-04 2010-02-03 浙江大学 基于电容和互相关法的微管气液两相流速测量装置与方法

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2274713B (en) * 1993-01-29 1997-07-02 Schlumberger Ltd Flow meter
DE10042459C2 (de) * 1999-09-10 2002-08-01 Coperion Waeschle Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur pneumatischen Förderung von Schüttgut
DE19947394A1 (de) * 1999-10-01 2001-05-03 Dynatechnik Messysteme Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen von Schüttgutströmen
DE10103854A1 (de) * 2001-01-30 2002-08-08 Helmut G Zulauf Messvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines kontinuierlichen Massenstroms von fliessfähigen Gütern
DE10138489B4 (de) * 2001-08-04 2004-07-22 Mic Measuring Ideas Consulting Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Richtung und der Geschwindigkeit eines Förderstromes
AT505013B1 (de) 2004-02-10 2008-10-15 Univ Graz Tech Vorrichtung zur messung von fördereigenschaften in rohren
CN101957385B (zh) * 2010-08-27 2012-02-22 东南大学 流化床内局部颗粒速度的静电感应测量方法及装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100439868C (zh) * 2005-12-13 2008-12-03 财团法人工业技术研究院 流量测量装置及其制造方法
CN100587492C (zh) * 2008-02-04 2010-02-03 浙江大学 基于电容和互相关法的微管气液两相流速测量装置与方法

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