CN103983664A - Device and system for researching steam explosion - Google Patents
Device and system for researching steam explosion Download PDFInfo
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- CN103983664A CN103983664A CN201410231011.0A CN201410231011A CN103983664A CN 103983664 A CN103983664 A CN 103983664A CN 201410231011 A CN201410231011 A CN 201410231011A CN 103983664 A CN103983664 A CN 103983664A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for researching steam explosion. The device comprises a tank body, a decompression pipe, at least two pressure sensors, a plurality of temperature sensors, a heating device and a pedestal, wherein the tank body is used for loading experimental mediums, the top of the tank body is sealed by a cover body, and the temperature difference and the pressure difference are generated between the top and the bottom in the tank body due to a certain height of the tank body; the decompression pipe is arranged on the cover body and is communicated to the tank body, a decompression mechanism is connected to the tail end of the decompression pipe and comprises an electromagnetic valve, a module and an anti-explosion film, the module is provided with a decompression hole, the anti-explosion film is arranged on the module, the module is located above the electromagnetic valve, and is detachably assembled in the decompression pipe, the anti-explosion film is arranged on the module to seal the decompression hole, and a steam flow meter is further connected to the decompression pipe; the pressure sensors are arranged in the tank body and are used for detecting the pressures of the top and the bottom in the tank body; the temperature sensors are arranged in the tank body, are sequentially arrayed along the height of the tank body and are used for respectively detecting the temperatures of different heights in the tank body; the heating device is used for heating the experimental mediums loaded in the tank body; the pedestal is used for fixing the tank body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental facilities, especially a kind of for studying the device of vapour explosion.
Background technology
Boiling liquid expansion vapour explosion (BLEVE, Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion), refers to the vapour explosion forming in the instantaneous atmospheric environment of releasing of a large amount of superheated liquids.Vapour explosion is to be evaporated to basic physical explosion phenomenon with superheated liquid, is that liquid gas rapid expanding and storage tank retrain the result intercoupling, and consequence may have flame injection, fragmentation impelling, fireball and heat radiation, and noxious material leaks, shock wave etc.Most of BLEVE's is because external heat radiation effect makes in container flammable and combustible liquids in superheat state, container inner pressure exceedes the pressure-bearing limit of material under corresponding temperature, cause container to lose efficacy, in container, the vaporization of blasting property of flammable and combustible liquids, releases fast.Cause the factor of BLEVE a lot, comprise tank body fault in material, fatigue of materials, burn into thermal stress, pond flame encompasses or the decline of the jet flames environment lower tank strength of materials, container overload, misoperation etc., BLEVE's is the symphyogenetic result due to above-mentioned several factors conventionally.
Many pressure vessels, particularly large-scale storage tank, filling the vaporized flammable and combustible liquids using in various productive lifes, and their utilization rate is high conventionally, storage capacity is large.These containers are in producing or using, and because the environment of a variety of causes inside and outside the container sharply changes, heat exchange behavior suddenly etc., may make can gasifying liquid to seethe with excitement rapidly and will cause the generation of BLEVE.The research of BLEVE is comprised to thermodynamic model in the research of flame Matrigel, flame, thermal response research; The pressure leak process of vapour explosion theory, vapour explosion process, vapour explosion cause simulation, the impact of explosion effect on structure of container of storage tank projection.
For these problems above, Abbasi[S.M.Tauseef, T.Abbasi, S.A.Abbasi.Risks of Fire and Explosion Associated With the Increasing Use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas.Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention, 2010,10:322-333.] primary study in large-scale plant liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (LPG) there is superheated liquid when BLEVE and cause the mechanism that container lost efficacy and control the means that BLEVEs occurs.Landucci[G.Landucci.Experimental and analytical investigation of thermal coatingeffectiveness for 3m3LPG tanks engulfed by fire.Journal of Hazardous, 2009,161:1182-1192.] thermal response of large scale flame invasion and attack is studied, measure the pressure and temperature of storage tank in thermal response process, the temperature of tank inside gas phase and liquid phase, has proposed the scheme that coating prevents BLEVE.Birk[A.M.Birk.Review of expanded aluminum products for explosion suppression in containers holding flammable liquids and gases.Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2008,21:493-505.] etc. the pressure vessel of medium size liquefied gas storage was lost efficacy and was analyzed.Yu Changming etc. have analyzed the development of Natural Convection Boundary Layer and the formation of demixing zone on heated bending surface in cylindrical and spherical storage tank.Show blue grade in Huaihe River calculated the thermal response of liquefied gas in storage tank under hot environment, predicted the start-up time of pressure valve.[the Qian Xinming such as Qian Xinming, Liu Zhenyi of blast science and technology National Key Laboratory of Beijing Institute of Technology, Xu Yabo, Liu Zhenyi. the harmfulness research of spherical tank BLEVE fragment impelling. Chinese Journal Of High Pressure Physics, 2009,23 (5): 389-394.], adopt Monte Carlo method to simulate, utilize related data to determine that blast fragment produces and aloft uncertain parameters, calculates the projectile range of fragment.The different rear probability that produce fragment collision target container of spherical tank blast that fill under level are obtained.Bow swallow dance [bow swallow dance, Lin Wensheng. the experimental study of Influence of Thermal Stratification On Bleve. Engineering Thermophysics journal, 2004,25 (6): 925-928.] thermal stratification occurring while etc. liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) being heated to invasion and attack and the pressure release of simulation vapour explosion are studied, and have analyzed the thermal response curve of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).Yu Changming etc. analyze and research to the heat and mass transfer mechanism of liquefied gas in container under flame encompasses, have proposed the PLGS model of LPG storage tank thermal response under simulation heating condition.Sun Jinhua [S.N.Chen, J.H.Sun, W.Wan.Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion:Experimental research in the evolution of the two-phase flow and over-pressure.Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008,156:530-537.] etc. employing high-speed camera instrument record the micro-dynamic process of BLEVE and the kinetic characteristic of biphase gas and liquid flow, use the means of testing such as pressure transducer of high frequency sound to record formation and the Changing Pattern of superpressure in BLEVE process.
At present, BLEVE effect study is mainly adopted to large-scale storage tank or the medium size liquefied gas storage equal pressure container to inflammable, explosive liquid is housed, the damage of these storage tanks of research process has nonreversibility, cannot reuse, simultaneously process of the test danger close and do not there is the exact controllability of process of the test and the accurate collect means of parameter.So far, also there is no a kind of specialized equipment that can study BLEVE effect in laboratory, for laboratory study brings many difficulties.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing in order to solve prior art, the invention provides a kind of for studying the device of vapour explosion, this device can carry out modeling effort to BLEVE effect safely and effectively in laboratory, and research process accurately controlled and correlation test procedure parameter can be collected and analyze easily.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
For studying a device for vapour explosion, comprising:
Tank body, is set to load test medium, and the top of described tank body is sealed by a lid, and described tank body has certain altitude and makes described tank body inner top and bottom have the temperature difference and pressure reduction;
Relief tube, be arranged on described lid, be communicated in described tank body, the end of described relief tube is connected with a pressure relief mechanism, described pressure relief mechanism comprises a solenoid valve, has the module of relief hole and is arranged at the blow-out disc in this module, described module is positioned at described solenoid valve top and is dismountablely assemblied in described relief tube, and described blow-out disc is arranged at and in described module, seals described relief hole; On described relief tube, be also connected with a steam-flow meter, for detection of the flow number of relief tube pressure leak process;
At least 2 pressure transducers, are arranged in described tank body, at least detecting the pressure of described tank body inner top and bottom;
Multiple temperature sensors, are arranged in described tank body and are arranged in order along the height of described tank body, detect respectively the temperature of differing heights in described tank body;
Heating arrangement, for heating the test medium being loaded in described tank body;
Base, for fixing described tank body.
Preferably, this device also comprises a liquid level gauge, is arranged at the sidewall of described tank body, for showing the liquid level in described tank body.
Preferably, this device also comprises a safety valve, is arranged on described lid, is communicated in described tank body.
Preferably, on described lid, be also provided with a temperature sensor, for detection of the temperature of described tank body top pressure relief opening; On described lid, be also provided with a pressure transducer, for detection of the pressure of described tank body top pressure relief opening.
Preferably, described heating arrangement is electromagnetic heater or fired heater.
Preferably, in described heating arrangement, be also provided with a temperature sensor, for detection of heating-up temperature.
Preferably, be also connected with application of sample valve and sample output valve on the sidewall of described tank body, described application of sample valve is arranged near the sidewall described tank body top, for add test medium in described tank body; Described sample output valve is arranged near the sidewall described tank base, for discharging the test medium in described tank body.
Preferably, the top of described tank body is connected by flange with described lid.
Preferably, described test medium is water, ethanol or oil.
Preferably, also add explosion-suppressing material in described test medium, described explosion-suppressing material is aluminum alloy materials.
Preferably, the quantity that is arranged at the pressure transducer in described tank body is 3, detects respectively the pressure of described tank body inner top, middle part and bottom.
Preferably, the quantity that is arranged at the temperature sensor in described tank body is 10.
It is a kind of for studying the system of vapour explosion that the present invention also provides, and comprising:
As above for studying the device of vapour explosion;
Data acquisition system (DAS), is connected to each pressure transducer and temperature sensor and described steam-flow meter in described device, for gathering force value, temperature value and vapor stream value;
Computer control system, receives the data that described data acquisition system (DAS) collects and analyzes.
Compared with prior art, provided by the inventionly can in laboratory, carry out modeling effort safely and effectively to BLEVE effect for studying the device of vapour explosion, research process accurately controlled and correlation test procedure parameter can be collected and analyze easily; And this apparatus structure is simple, be easy to realize, and reusable, with low cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the specific embodiment of the invention provide for studying the structural representation of device of vapour explosion.
Fig. 2 be the specific embodiment of the invention provide for studying the structural representation of system of vapour explosion.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind ofly comprises for the device of studying vapour explosion:
Tank body 1, is set to load test medium, and the top of described tank body 1 is sealed by a lid 2, and described tank body 1 has certain altitude and makes described tank body inner top and bottom have the temperature difference and pressure reduction; Wherein, the test medium that can be used in this device comprises the organism such as water, ethanol and oil, can also add explosion-suppressing material in test medium, mainly selects aluminum alloy explosion suppression material; Described lid 2 is fixedly connected with the top of tank body 1 by flange 16;
Relief tube 3, be arranged on described lid 2, be communicated in described tank body 1, the end of described relief tube 3 is connected with a pressure relief mechanism 4, described pressure relief mechanism 4 comprises a solenoid valve 41, has the module 42 of relief hole 44 and is arranged at the blow-out disc 43 in this module 42, described module 42 is positioned at described solenoid valve 41 tops and is dismountablely assemblied in described relief tube 3, and described blow-out disc 43 is arranged at and in described module 42, seals described relief hole 44; On described relief tube 3, be also connected with a steam-flow meter 5, for detection of the flow number of relief tube 3 pressure leak processes; This device can dispose multiple modules 42, and each module 42 can be provided with the relief hole 44 of different pore size, reaches regulating and controlling relief tube 3 pressure relief opening sizes by changing module 42; Solenoid valve 41 is wherein for cutting out or open relief tube 3 completely, in the time that needs are changed module 42, as long as shut electromagnetic valve 41 can operate.
Be arranged at 3 pressure transducers 6 in described tank body 1, detect respectively the pressure of described tank body 1 inner top, middle part and bottom; In some other embodiment, the quantity of pressure transducer 6 can have more quantity, or is only set to 2, and those pressure transducers 6 are at least detecting the pressure of described tank body 1 inner top and bottom;
Be arranged at interior 10 temperature sensors 7 of described tank body 1, those temperature sensors 7 are arranged in order along the height of described tank body 1, detect respectively the temperature of described tank body 1 interior differing heights; In some other embodiment, the quantity of temperature sensor 7 can have more quantity, or can be provided with quantity more still less, those temperature sensors 7 are at least for detection of the temperature of multiple different loci of the interior liquid phase part of described tank body 1 and gas phase part; Those temperature temperature sensors 7 can adopt the integrated-type temperature sensor of L-type;
Heating arrangement 8, for heating the test medium being loaded in described tank body 1; Heating arrangement 8 is electromagnetic heater or fired heater; In this heating arrangement 8, be also provided with a temperature sensor (not indicating in accompanying drawing), for detection of heating-up temperature;
Base 9, for fixing described tank body 1; In the present embodiment, heating arrangement 8 is installed on base 9, is tank body 1 on it, and heating arrangement 8 heats from the bottom of tank body 1.
In the present embodiment, this device also comprises a liquid level gauge 10, is arranged at the sidewall of described tank body 1, for showing the liquid level in described tank body 1.
In the present embodiment, this device also comprises a safety valve 11, is arranged on described lid 2, is communicated in described tank body 1.These safety valve 11 Main Functions are the use safety of support equipment, exceed setting value and equipment is not controlled at the pressure of equipment, possess the function of automatic safe pressure release.
In the present embodiment, on described lid 2, be also connected with a temperature sensor 12, for detection of the temperature of described tank body 1 top pressure relief opening; On described lid 2, be also connected with a pressure transducer 13, for detection of the pressure of described tank body 1 top pressure relief opening.
In the present embodiment, on the sidewall of described tank body 1, be also connected with application of sample valve 14 and sample output valve (15).Wherein, described application of sample valve 14 is arranged near the sidewall described tank body 1 top, for add test medium in described tank body 1; Described sample output valve 15 is arranged near the sidewall described tank body 1 bottom, for discharging the test medium in described tank body 1.
As shown in Figure 2, what the present embodiment provided is a kind of for studying the system of vapour explosion, and this system comprises:
For studying the device 100 of vapour explosion, this device is foregoing for studying the device of vapour explosion; Data acquisition system (DAS) 200, is connected to each pressure transducer and temperature sensor and described steam-flow meter in described device 100, for gathering force value, temperature value and vapor stream value and these data feedbacks being arrived to computer control system 300; Computer control system 300, receives the data that described data acquisition system (DAS) 200 collects and analyzes.
Introduce the process that uses this system to carry out vapour explosion (BLEVE) research below, specific as follows:
One, in tank body, add test medium, closure body and pressure relief mechanism is installed after the sealing of testing fixture; As previously mentioned, test medium wherein can be the organism such as water, ethanol or oil, can also add aluminum alloy explosion suppression material in test medium;
Two, by heating arrangement heating tank body, (T1 mainly refers to the temperature of main body of liquid in tank body to be warming up to T1, in the time that temperature reaches T1, in whole tank body, the temperature in each site is consistent), gather each pressure transducer and the pressure value P of temperature sensor and the variation of temperature value T in heating process by data acquisition system (DAS), computer control system fits to curve and is showing screen display after receiving data, and derived data;
Three, temperature reaches after T1, keeps constant temperature a period of time, investigates the fluctuation of temperature;
Four, under the temperature conditions of T1, carry out pressure release experiment: regulate relief tube pressure relief opening size (reaching regulating and controlling by changing the module having in pressure relief mechanism without the relief hole in aperture), investigate different pressure release bores, the variation of recording flow, the repetitive operation of close-pressure release of the reclosing of laying equal stress on; By pressure value P and temperature value T and the vapor stream value of each pressure transducer and temperature sensor in data acquisition system (DAS) collection heating process; Computer control system receives and fits to curve after data and showing screen display, and derived data, analyzes the Changing Pattern along with different pressure release bores such as temperature in this process, pressure, flow simultaneously;
Five, setting the temperature of investigating is T2 (T2 mainly refers to the temperature of main body of liquid in tank body, and in the time that temperature reaches T1, in whole tank body, the temperature in each site is consistent), and repeating step two is to the operating process of step 4;
Six, experiment finishes, and powered-down, makes equipment carry out nature cooling.
Finally, comprehensive above-mentioned data, analyze BLEVE effect.In like manner, the parallel experiment step of other condition (for example adding the explosion-suppressing material of difformity or different total amounts) is substantially the same, and only needing to change different research test conditions can study the BLEVE effect under different factors.
In sum, compared with prior art, provided by the inventionly can in laboratory, carry out modeling effort safely and effectively to BLEVE effect for studying the device of vapour explosion, research process accurately controlled and correlation test procedure parameter can be collected and analyze easily; And this apparatus structure is simple, be easy to realize, and reusable, with low cost.
The above is only the application's embodiment; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of the application's principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as the application's protection domain.
Claims (13)
1. for studying a device for vapour explosion, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Tank body (1), be set to load test medium, the top of described tank body (1) is by a lid (2) sealing, and described tank body (1) has certain altitude and makes described tank body inner top and bottom have the temperature difference and pressure reduction;
Relief tube (3), be arranged on described lid (2), be communicated in described tank body (1), the end of described relief tube (3) is connected with a pressure relief mechanism (4), described pressure relief mechanism (4) comprises a solenoid valve (41), there is the module (42) of relief hole (44) and be arranged at the blow-out disc (43) in this module (42), described module (42) is positioned at described solenoid valve (41) top and dismountable described relief tube (3) that is assemblied in, described blow-out disc (43) is arranged at described module (42) the described relief hole of upper sealing (44), on described relief tube (3), be also connected with a steam-flow meter (5), for detection of the flow number of relief tube (3) pressure leak process,
At least 2 pressure transducers (6), are arranged in described tank body (1), at least detecting the pressure of described tank body (1) inner top and bottom;
Multiple temperature sensors (7), are arranged in described tank body (1) and are arranged in order along the height of described tank body (1), detect respectively the temperature of the interior differing heights of described tank body (1);
Heating arrangement (8), is loaded into the test medium in described tank body (1) for heating;
Base (9), for fixing described tank body (1).
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this device also comprises a liquid level gauge (10), is arranged at the sidewall of described tank body (1), for showing the liquid level in described tank body (1).
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this device also comprises a safety valve (11), is arranged at described lid (2) upper, is communicated in described tank body (1).
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is also connected with a temperature sensor (12) on described lid (2), for detection of the temperature of described tank body (1) top pressure relief opening; On described lid (2), be also connected with a pressure transducer (13), for detection of the pressure of described tank body (1) top pressure relief opening.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heating arrangement (8) is electromagnetic heater or fired heater.
6. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heating arrangement is also provided with a temperature sensor in (8), for detection of heating-up temperature.
7. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, on the sidewall of described tank body (1), be also connected with application of sample valve (14) and sample output valve (15), described application of sample valve (14) is arranged near the sidewall described tank body (1) top, for add test medium in described tank body (1); Described sample output valve (15) is arranged near the sidewall described tank body (1) bottom, for discharging the test medium in described tank body (1).
8. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the top of described tank body (1) is connected by flange (16) with described lid (2).
9. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described test medium is water, ethanol or oil.
10. device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, in described test medium, also adding explosion-suppressing material, described explosion-suppressing material is aluminum alloy materials.
11. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 1-10, it is characterized in that, the quantity that is arranged at the pressure transducer (6) in described tank body (1) is 3, detects respectively the pressure of described tank body (1) inner top, middle part and bottom.
12. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 1-10, it is characterized in that, the quantity that is arranged at the temperature sensor (7) in described tank body (1) is 10.
13. 1 kinds for studying the system of vapour explosion, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Described in claim 1-12 for studying the device (100) of vapour explosion;
Data acquisition system (DAS) (200), is connected to each pressure transducer and temperature sensor and described steam-flow meter in described device (100), for gathering force value, temperature value and vapor stream value;
Computer control system (300), receives the data that described data acquisition system (DAS) (200) collects and analyzes.
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| CN201410231011.0A CN103983664A (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2014-05-28 | Device and system for researching steam explosion |
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| CN201410231011.0A CN103983664A (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2014-05-28 | Device and system for researching steam explosion |
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| CN104280420A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-14 | 中国人民解放军总后勤部油料研究所 | System and method for measuring explosion limit of liquid fuel vapor |
| CN104480545A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-01 | 上林县中兴丝业有限公司 | Equipment for removing sericin of cocoon shells |
| CN107231592A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-10-03 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Standard fitting, standard fitting group and the loudspeaker module of loudspeaker module shell |
| CN108563840A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-21 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of nuclear reactor vapour explosion comprehensive analysis method |
| CN108801669A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-13 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of fire induces the experimental provision and test method of high pressure storage tank BLEVE rules |
| CN109060399A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-12-21 | 南京工业大学 | Leakage induces the experimental system and test method of the cold BLEVE of high pressure storage tank |
| CN111650245A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-11 | 天津大学 | System and method for testing flameless combustion spontaneous combustion temperature of combustible gas in high-pressure environment |
| CN113804725A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-17 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Hydrogen explosion experimental apparatus |
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| CN104280420A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-14 | 中国人民解放军总后勤部油料研究所 | System and method for measuring explosion limit of liquid fuel vapor |
| CN104480545A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-01 | 上林县中兴丝业有限公司 | Equipment for removing sericin of cocoon shells |
| CN104480545B (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2018-06-22 | 上林县中兴丝业有限公司 | One kind is used for silkworm cocoon running gluing equipment |
| CN107231592A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-10-03 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Standard fitting, standard fitting group and the loudspeaker module of loudspeaker module shell |
| CN107231592B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2019-12-13 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | standard accessory and standard accessory group of speaker module shell and speaker module |
| CN108563840A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-21 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of nuclear reactor vapour explosion comprehensive analysis method |
| CN108801669A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-11-13 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of fire induces the experimental provision and test method of high pressure storage tank BLEVE rules |
| CN109060399A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-12-21 | 南京工业大学 | Leakage induces the experimental system and test method of the cold BLEVE of high pressure storage tank |
| CN109060399B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2024-03-01 | 南京工业大学 | Experimental system and method for inducing cold BLEVE of high-pressure storage tank by leakage |
| CN108801669B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2024-03-26 | 南京工业大学 | Experimental device and testing method for BLEVE rule of fire induced high-pressure storage tank |
| CN111650245A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-11 | 天津大学 | System and method for testing flameless combustion spontaneous combustion temperature of combustible gas in high-pressure environment |
| CN113804725A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-17 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Hydrogen explosion experimental apparatus |
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