CN104280420A - System and method for measuring explosion limit of liquid fuel vapor - Google Patents
System and method for measuring explosion limit of liquid fuel vapor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104280420A CN104280420A CN201410558184.3A CN201410558184A CN104280420A CN 104280420 A CN104280420 A CN 104280420A CN 201410558184 A CN201410558184 A CN 201410558184A CN 104280420 A CN104280420 A CN 104280420A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for measuring the explosion limit of liquid fuel vapor. The system comprises an explosion bin (1), a computer, a main control system, a first vacuum pumping device (7) connected with the main control system, a gas circulating device (8), a liquid fuel vapor supply device (4), a dry air supply device (5) and an ignition device, wherein the liquid fuel vapor supply device (4), the dry air supply device (5) and the first vacuum pumping device (7) are communicated with the explosion bin (1); an ignition electrode (6) and an explosion bin pressure sensing device are mounted in the explosion bin (1); the ignition electrode (6) is connected with the ignition device; the explosion bin pressure sensing device is connected with the main control system; the main control system is connected with the computer; and the computer is communicated with the explosion bin (1). The invention also provides a method for measuring the explosion limit of the liquid fuel vapor. The system for measuring the explosion limit of the liquid fuel vapor has the advantages being safe, reliable and capable of accurately measuring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of explosion limits Analytical system and assay method, particularly relate to a kind of for liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system and assay method.
Background technology
Refuelling station's work accident generally occurs in emptying, gauging, oiling, clear tank four processes, this four processes all makes oil product expose in atmosphere, if violate job procedure in operation, make oil product steam gather finite concentration in atmosphere and contact with burning things which may cause a fire disaster, will explosion accident be caused.Wherein, 60% ~ 70% of refuelling station's fire failure occur in emptying operation.Therefore, in operation process, understanding the explosion limits of oil plant steam, and take corresponding instrument and meter to carry out real-time concentration monitoring, is the effective means avoiding refuelling station's fire preferably.
Explosion limits is also necessity foundation of the safety behavior of evaluation oil depot potentially danger environment and standardize man's, and science is grasped and application explosion limits has important practical significance to oil depot security of system.Such as, in oil storage safety regulations, the condition of generally ventilating immediately is defined as " in cave depot, gas concentration reaches 60% of lower explosive limit value "; In stock tank cleaning, rust cleaning, painting operation safety regulations, general provision forbids the condition into tank operation to be that " Work places inflammable gas " concentration is no more than 40% of lower explosive limit.Therefore, how the explosion limits of correct measurement oil product, has good directive significance for the every Security Administration of reasonable enforcement oil depot.
At present, the method measuring the explosion limits of inflammable gas or steam in the world is generally divided into two kinds, and one is open observation measuring method, and another kind is totally enclosed type pressure measurement method.Open observation can only measure the explosion limits under normal pressure, judge that whether tested gas is flammable by the method for directly observing, this class standard mainly contains the ASTM E681 " standard test method of compound (steam and gas) inflammability concentration limit " of the U.S., the GB/T 12474 " in air combustible gas explosion limit assay method " of Europe EN 1839T " mensuration of gas and the steam explosion limit " and China, wherein, the blast of ASTM standard is spherical glass flask, and international and European standard is cylindrical tube.Totally enclosed type measurement standard mainly contains the ASTM E918 mensuration of chemicals flammability limit " when temperature and pressure raises " and European EN 1839B, because explosive container is enclosed construction, so judge whether flammable or blast by the change of container inner pressure after lighting a fire.
But the explosion limits on traditional concept is all for inflammable or inflammable gas, for the complex system that fuel vapo(u)r is such, use conventional methods, its explosion limits is difficult to directly measure, and often calculates according to the explosion limits that each component is known and tries to achieve.Such as, following formula is used:
In formula: L: the explosion limits of mixed gas, volume %;
V
i: the concentration of each independent component in mixed gas, volume %;
L
i: the explosion limits of each independent component in mixed gas, volume %;
N: the number of components of inflammable gas;
In real process, because the complicacy of the composition such as gasoline, diesel oil and jet fuel, its explosion limits is difficult to calculate by the explosion limits of several individual component.Further, the oil product that different material, different process are produced, under different ambient temperature, or have different explosion limitss under the different storage times, therefore, the explosion limits of all kinds of oil products that physical data provides is all estimated value, is difficult to characterize real oil product security performance with it.
Therefore, the present invention has redefined the concept of liquid fuel steam and the liquid fuel steam explosion limit, redesign evaluation device, establish measuring method, the steam produced under vacuum state and flash temperature using liquid fuel is as evaluation object, measure its simulated explosion lower limit and the simulated explosion upper limit, as one of foundation evaluating the liquid fuel storages such as such as light oil fuels and safety in utilization.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of safety, accurately liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system.
Present invention also offers a kind of assay method of the liquid fuel steam explosion limit.
A kind of liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system, comprises blast storehouse, computing machine, master control system and the first coupled vacuum extractor, gas-recycling plant, liquid fuel steam supply device, dry air feeding mechanism and portfire; Blast storehouse is closed hollow tubular structure, the hollow space in blast storehouse is blast space, and inner top, blast storehouse is provided with spark electrode, and end is provided with blast storehouse pressure sensor device, spark electrode is connected with portfire, and blast storehouse pressure sensor device is connected with master control system; Liquid fuel feeding mechanism, dry air feeding mechanism and the first vacuum extractor are all connected with blast space; Master control system is connected with computing machine; Gas-recycling plant is connected with draft tube and escape pipe, the air intake opening of draft tube and the gas outlet of escape pipe lay respectively at blast two ends, space.
Liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system of the present invention, wherein, liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system comprises thermostatted water feeding mechanism; The sidewall in blast storehouse adopts interlayer constant temperature structure; Thermostatted water feeding mechanism is connected with interlayer constant temperature structure two ends and forms thermostatted water closed circuit.
Liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system of the present invention, wherein, liquid fuel steam supply device comprises the liquid fuel hold-up vessel, steam generation tank and the second vacuum extractor that are connected successively by pipeline; Liquid fuel hold-up vessel is connected with steam generation tank by feed pipe, and steam generation tank outer wall adopts interlayer constant temperature structure; Feed pipe is provided with feeding operation valve; Steam generation tank is provided with steam generation tank pressure sensor device, steam generation tank pressure sensor device is connected with computing machine;
Liquid fuel hold-up vessel inside is provided with automatic level meter; Feed pipe is provided with atomising head in one end of steam generation tank inside; Discharge gate is provided with in steam generation tank bottom; Be provided with vapor storage tank between steam generation tank and the second vacuum extractor, vapor storage tank is connected by snorkel with steam generation tank, and snorkel is provided with operation valve of supplying gas; Be connected by pipeline between vapor storage tank with the second vacuum extractor, pipeline be provided with and vacuumize operation valve; Vapor storage tank is provided with vapor storage pressure tank sensing device, vapor storage pressure tank sensing device is connected with computing machine; Vapor storage tank top is provided with steam delivery outlet; Vapor storage tank wall adopts interlayer constant temperature structure;
Liquid fuel steam supply device also comprises air supply device and thermostatted water feeding mechanism, and vapor storage tank inside is provided with supercharger, and supercharger is connected with air supply device by air delivery pipe, air delivery pipe is provided with air supply control valve; Thermostatted water feeding mechanism is connected with the interlayer constant temperature structure of vapor storage tank wall respectively at the interlayer constant temperature structure of steam generation tank outer wall by pipeline.
Liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system of the present invention, wherein, the first vacuum means is set to vacuum pump; Described blast storehouse is the hollow circular tube structure of closed at both ends, its volume >=1L, and length-diameter ratio is 1-30, and material is stainless steel.
Liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system of the present invention, wherein, the described long 1400mm in blast storehouse, internal diameter is 60mm; Described portfire is chemic ignition device or electric ignition device; Described blast storehouse sidewall is provided with form.
Liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system of the present invention is provided with blowdown valve, according to specific needs the thickness of the interlayer constant temperature structure in design blast storehouse.
Adopt liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system of the present invention to measure a method for the liquid fuel steam explosion limit, comprise the steps:
A, will explode with the first vacuum extractor evacuate space, and then passing into liquid fuel steam with liquid fuel steam supply device and inject dry air wherein to the interior volume pressure that explodes with dry air feeding mechanism in blast space is a standard atmospheric pressure; Open gas-recycling plant and liquid fuel steam and dry air mixing are obtained mixed gas;
B, ignite mixed gas by portfire and spark electrode; The explosion pressure data recorded are transferred on computing machine by blast storehouse pressure sensor device, the explosion pressure data maximums recorded and standard atmospheric pressure are contrasted, and whether evaluation mixed gas explodes;
Liquid fuel steam proportion in C, change mixed gas, repeats steps A and B, until measure the explosion limits of liquid fuel steam.
The assay method of the liquid fuel steam explosion limit of the present invention, wherein, steps A specifically comprises the steps:
Be 0.8KPa with the first vacuum extractor by described blast evacuate space to vacuum tightness; In the interlayer constant temperature structure of blast storehouse sidewall, inject thermostatted water with thermostatted water feeding mechanism, thermostatted water temperature is 90 DEG C;
Prepare liquid fuel steam with liquid fuel steam supply device and be transported in blast space, then in blast space, injecting dry air to blast interior volume pressure with dry air feeding mechanism is a standard atmospheric pressure; Open gas-recycling plant and liquid fuel steam and dry air mixing are obtained mixed gas; In mixed gas, liquid fuel steam proportion is 1vol%.
The assay method of the liquid fuel steam explosion limit of the present invention, wherein, step B specifically comprises the steps:
The method of igniting mixed gas is that chemic ignition is ignited or electric ignition is ignited; Chemic ignition ignition energy is 10-5000J, and electric ignition ignition energy is 1500-2500J;
After igniting mixed gas, the explosion pressure data recorded are transferred on computing machine by blast storehouse pressure sensor device, and it is right the explosion pressure maximum value data recorded and standard atmospheric pressure to be carried out, and calculating pressure raises ratio; The computing formula of rate of explosion is:
Rate of explosion=(after igniting pressure data maximal value-standard atmospheric pressure)/standard atmospheric pressure;
When sparking mode is chemic ignition ignition, rate of explosion >=10% illustrates that mixed gas is detonated; When sparking mode is electric ignition, rate of explosion >=1% illustrates that mixed gas is detonated.
The assay method of the liquid fuel steam explosion limit of the present invention, wherein, step C specifically comprises the steps:
Progressively improve the volume ratio in mixed gas shared by liquid fuel steam, liquid fuel steam proportion in mixed gas is compared in the more last test of each test increases 1vol%; Repeat steps A and B, find upper explosion limit and the lower explosive limit of liquid fuel, upper explosion limit and lower explosive limit and part are therebetween the explosion limits of liquid fuel.
The assay method of the liquid fuel steam explosion limit of the present invention, wherein, prepares liquid fuel steam and specifically comprises the steps:
Opening the second vacuum extractor, steam generation tank and vapor storage tank are evacuated to vacuum tightness is 0.75-1.5Kpa, then close the second vacuum extractor and close operation valve of supplying gas, open thermostatted water feeding mechanism and inject circulation constant temperature water in the interlayer constant temperature structure of steam generation tank and vapor storage tank, the temperature of thermostatted water is the flash temperature of liquid fuel under vacuum state; Below the liquid fuel sample liquid level of liquid fuel within hold-up vessel inside, feed pipe one end, open feeding operation valve under condition of negative pressure, liquid fuel sample injects steam generation tank by liquid fuel hold-up vessel; Light constituent in liquid fuel, at atomising head place vacuum atomizing, obtains pure liquid fuel steam;
Steam generation tank internal pressure is transferred on computing machine by steam generation tank pressure sensor device, machine to be calculated shows in steam generation tank after pressure stability, closes feeding operation valve, opens operation valve of supplying gas; Vapor storage tank internal pressure is transferred on computing machine by vapor storage pressure tank sensing device, until after computing machine showing steam generation tank and vapor storage tank internal pressure stabilises, disconnects operation valve of supplying gas;
Controlled by automatic level meter and feeding operation valve below the liquid fuel sample liquid level of liquid fuel within hold-up vessel inside, feed pipe one end; Light constituent in liquid fuel within sample is in the evaporation of atomising head place, and heavy constituent is fallen bottom steam generation tank becomes waste liquid; All the waste liquid in steam generation tank also to be used the rinse of liquid fuel sample by discharge gate emptying before preparing liquid fuel steam at every turn.
In the present invention before igniting blasting mixed gas, blowdown valve cuts out, and can ensure that the mensuration completing the liquid fuel steam explosion limit under sealing condition also can ensure safety; Igniting blasting mixed gas front opening blowdown valve can complete traditional normal pressure and measure the liquid fuel steam explosion limit.
Liquid fuel steam of the present invention is gasoline vapour, diesel vapor etc.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Blast storehouse internal pressure is transferred on computing machine by pressure transducer by liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system of the present invention, and computing machine can control the switch of each device in blast process according to pressure data, realize semi-automation; Traditional blast storehouse in order to observation fire situation material be all glass, the present invention is measured by sensor transmissions data, and whether more accurate, stainless steel is safer, reliably if judging exploding.
The present invention is directed to classic method to be difficult to directly measure the liquid fuel steam explosion limit, redesign evaluation device, establish measuring method, the steam produced under vacuum state and flash temperature using liquid fuel is as evaluation object, measure its explosion limits, as evaluating liquid fluid fuel safety index according to one of.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system of the present invention and assay method are described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system in a kind of liquid fuel steam explosion of the present invention limit Analytical system;
Fig. 2 is liquid fuel steam supply device schematic diagram in a kind of liquid fuel steam explosion of the present invention limit Analytical system;
Fig. 3 is the explosion pressure change curve of motor petrol in the assay method of a kind of liquid fuel steam explosion of the present invention limit;
Fig. 4 is the explosion pressure change curve of-No. 35 light diesel fuels in the assay method of a kind of liquid fuel steam explosion of the present invention limit.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system, it is characterized in that, comprise blast storehouse 1, computing machine, master control system and coupled the first vacuum extractor 7, gas-recycling plant 8, liquid fuel steam supply device 4, dry air feeding mechanism 5 and portfire; Blast storehouse 1 is the hollow tubular structure closed, the hollow space in blast storehouse 1 is blast space, and blast top, space is provided with spark electrode 6, and end is provided with blast storehouse pressure sensor device, spark electrode 6 is connected with portfire, and blast storehouse pressure sensor device is connected with master control system; Liquid fuel feeding mechanism 4, dry air feeding mechanism 5 and the first vacuum extractor 7 are all connected with blast space; Master control system is connected with computing machine; Gas-recycling plant is connected with draft tube 3 and escape pipe 2, the air intake opening of draft tube 3 and the gas outlet of escape pipe 2 lay respectively at blast two ends, space;
Wherein, the position of the air intake opening of draft tube 3 and the gas outlet of escape pipe 2 can be set to: the air intake opening of draft tube 3 is at the top in blast space, and the gas outlet of escape pipe 2 is at the end in space that explodes;
The position of the air intake opening of draft tube 3 and the gas outlet of escape pipe 2 can also be set to: the end of air intake opening in blast space of tracheae 3, and the gas outlet of escape pipe 2 is at the top exploding space;
Above scheme can complete the mensuration to the liquid fuel steam explosion limit, provides preferred version on this basis below;
Liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system comprises thermostatted water feeding mechanism; The sidewall in blast storehouse 1 adopts interlayer constant temperature structure; Thermostatted water feeding mechanism is connected with interlayer constant temperature structure two ends and forms thermostatted water closed circuit; First vacuum means is set to vacuum pump; Blast storehouse 1 is the circular tube structure of closed at both ends, and sidewall is provided with form, its volume >=1L, and length-diameter ratio is 1-30, and material is stainless steel; Portfire is chemic ignition device or electric ignition device;
The length in blast storehouse 1 is 1400mm, and internal diameter is 60mm.
As shown in Figure 2, described liquid fuel steam supply device 4 comprises the liquid fuel hold-up vessel 401, steam generation tank 402 and the second vacuum extractor 415 that are connected successively by pipeline; Liquid fuel hold-up vessel 401 is connected with described steam generation tank 402 by feed pipe 409, and described steam generation tank 402 outer wall adopts interlayer constant temperature structure; Described feed pipe 409 is provided with feeding operation valve 408; Described steam generation tank 402 is provided with steam generation tank pressure sensor device 404, described steam generation tank pressure sensor device 404 is connected with described computing machine.
Described liquid fuel hold-up vessel 401 inside is provided with automatic level meter; Described feed pipe 409 is provided with atomising head 405 in one end of described steam generation tank 402 inside; Discharge gate 411 is provided with in described steam generation tank 402 bottom; Be provided with vapor storage tank 403 between described steam generation tank 402 and described second vacuum extractor 415, described vapor storage tank 403 is connected by snorkel 413 with described steam generation tank 402, and described snorkel 413 is provided with operation valve 412 of supplying gas; Be connected by pipeline between described vapor storage tank 403 with described second vacuum extractor 415, described pipeline be provided with and vacuumize operation valve 416; Described vapor storage tank 403 is provided with vapor storage pressure tank sensing device 410, described vapor storage pressure tank sensing device 410 is connected with described computing machine; Described vapor storage tank 403 top is provided with steam delivery outlet 414; Described vapor storage tank 403 outer wall adopts interlayer constant temperature structure;
Described liquid fuel steam supply device 4 also comprises air supply device and thermostatted water feeding mechanism 418, described vapor storage tank 403 inside is provided with supercharger 406, described supercharger 406 is connected with described air supply device by air delivery pipe 417, and described air delivery pipe 417 is provided with air supply control valve 407; Described thermostatted water feeding mechanism 418 is connected with the interlayer constant temperature structure of described vapor storage tank 403 outer wall by the interlayer constant temperature structure of pipeline respectively at described steam generation tank 402 outer wall.
Embodiment 2
Adopt liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system described in embodiment 1 to measure a method for the liquid fuel steam explosion limit, comprise the steps:
A, will explode with the first vacuum extractor 7 evacuate space, and then in blast space, passing into liquid fuel steam with liquid fuel steam supply device 4 and injecting the dry air interior volume pressure that extremely explodes with dry air feeding mechanism 5 is wherein a standard atmospheric pressure; Open gas-recycling plant 8 and described liquid fuel steam and the mixing of described dry air are obtained mixed gas;
B, ignite described mixed gas by portfire and spark electrode 6; Whether the explosion pressure data recorded are transferred on computing machine by blast storehouse pressure sensor device, the described explosion pressure data maximums recorded and standard atmospheric pressure are contrasted, evaluate described mixed gas and explode;
C, change the proportion of liquid fuel steam described in described mixed gas, repeating said steps A and B, until the explosion limits measuring described liquid fuel steam.
Embodiment 3
Adopt liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system described in embodiment 1 to measure a method for the liquid fuel steam explosion limit, comprise the steps:
A, be 0.8KPa with described first vacuum extractor 7 by blast evacuate space to vacuum tightness; In the interlayer constant temperature structure of described blast storehouse 1 sidewall, inject thermostatted water with thermostatted water feeding mechanism, described thermostatted water temperature is 90 DEG C,
Prepare described liquid fuel steam with described liquid fuel steam supply device 4, the concrete steps of preparation are as follows:
Opening described second vacuum extractor 415, described steam generation tank 402 and described vapor storage tank 403 are evacuated to vacuum tightness is 0.75-1.5Kpa, then described second vacuum extractor 415 is closed and operation valve 412 of supplying gas described in closedown, open described thermostatted water feeding mechanism 18 and inject circulation constant temperature water in the interlayer constant temperature structure of described steam generation tank 402 and described vapor storage tank 403, the temperature of thermostatted water is the flash temperature of described liquid fuel under vacuum state; Described feed pipe 409 one end is below the described liquid fuel sample liquid level of described liquid fuel hold-up vessel 401 inside, open described feeding operation valve 408 under condition of negative pressure, described liquid fuel sample injects described steam generation tank 402 by described liquid fuel hold-up vessel 401; Light constituent in liquid fuel, at described atomising head 405 place vacuum atomizing, obtains pure described liquid fuel steam;
Described steam generation tank 402 internal pressure is transferred on described computing machine by described steam generation tank pressure sensor device 404, until described computing machine showing in described steam generation tank 402 after pressure stability, close described feeding operation valve 408, operation valve 412 of supplying gas described in opening; Described vapor storage tank 403 internal pressure is transferred on described computing machine by described vapor storage pressure tank sensing device 410, until after described computing machine showing described steam generation tank 402 and described vapor storage tank 403 internal pressure stabilises, operation valve 412 of supplying gas described in disconnection.
Controlled by described automatic level meter and described feeding operation valve 408 below the liquid fuel sample liquid level of liquid fuel within hold-up vessel 401 inside, described feed pipe 409 one end; Light constituent in described liquid fuel sample evaporates at described atomising head 405 place, and heavy constituent is fallen bottom described steam generation tank 402 becomes waste liquid; All the waste liquid in described steam generation tank 402 also to be used the rinse of liquid fuel sample by the emptying of described discharge gate 411 before preparing liquid fuel steam at every turn.
Be transported to by the liquid fuel steam prepared in blast space, then in blast space, injecting described dry air to blast interior volume pressure with described dry air feeding mechanism 5 is a standard atmospheric pressure; Open described gas-recycling plant 8 and described liquid fuel steam and the mixing of described dry air are obtained mixed gas; The proportion of liquid fuel steam described in described mixed gas is 1vol%;
B, the method for igniting described mixed gas are that chemic ignition is ignited or electric ignition is ignited; Chemic ignition ignition energy is 10-5000J, and electric ignition ignition energy is 1500-2500J,
After igniting described mixed gas, the described explosion pressure data recorded are transferred on described computing machine by described blast storehouse pressure sensor device, and it is right the described explosion pressure data maximums recorded and standard atmospheric pressure to be carried out, and calculating pressure raises ratio; The computing formula of described rate of explosion is:
Rate of explosion=(after igniting pressure data maximal value-standard atmospheric pressure)/standard atmospheric pressure;
When sparking mode is chemic ignition ignition, rate of explosion >=10% illustrates that described mixed gas is detonated; When sparking mode is electric ignition, rate of explosion >=1% illustrates that described mixed gas is detonated;
C, progressively improve volume ratio described in described mixed gas shared by liquid fuel steam, the proportion of liquid fuel steam described in described mixed gas is compared in the more last test of each test increases 1vol%; Repeating said steps A and B, finds upper explosion limit and the lower explosive limit of described liquid fuel, and described upper explosion limit and described lower explosive limit and part are therebetween the explosion limits of described liquid fuel.
Embodiment 4
An assay method for the motor petrol steam explosion limit, comprises the steps:
A, be 0.8KPa with described first vacuum extractor 7 by blast evacuate space to vacuum tightness; In the interlayer constant temperature structure of described blast storehouse 1 sidewall, inject thermostatted water with thermostatted water feeding mechanism, described thermostatted water temperature is 90 DEG C;
Described motor petrol steam is prepared with described motor petrol steam supply device 4;
Be transported to by the motor petrol steam prepared in described blast space, then in described blast space, injecting described dry air to blast interior volume pressure with described dry air feeding mechanism 5 is a standard atmospheric pressure; Open described gas-recycling plant 8 and described motor petrol steam and the mixing of described dry air are obtained mixed gas; The proportion of motor petrol steam described in described mixed gas is 5vol%;
B, the method for igniting described mixed gas are that to ignite ignition energy be 40J to chemic ignition;
After igniting described mixed gas, the described explosion pressure data recorded are transferred on described computing machine by described blast storehouse pressure sensor device, and it is right the described explosion pressure data maximums recorded and standard atmospheric pressure to be carried out, and calculating pressure raises ratio; The computing formula of described rate of explosion is:
Rate of explosion=(after igniting pressure data maximal value-standard atmospheric pressure)/standard atmospheric pressure;
Rate of explosion >=10% illustrates that described mixed gas is detonated;
Fig. 3 measures the explosion pressure change curve obtaining motor petrol, as seen from Figure 3:
Rate of explosion >10%, and have obvious explosion pressure more prominent;
C, progressively improve volume ratio described in described mixed gas shared by motor petrol steam, the proportion of motor petrol steam described in described mixed gas is compared in the more last test of each test increases 1vol%; Repeating said steps A and B, finds upper explosion limit and the lower explosive limit of described motor petrol, and described upper explosion limit and described lower explosive limit and part are therebetween the explosion limits of described motor petrol.
The explosion limits recording motor petrol steam is: 3-8%.
Embodiment 5
An assay method for-No. 35 light diesel fuel steam explosion limit, comprises the steps:
A, be 0.8KPa with described first vacuum extractor 7 by blast evacuate space to vacuum tightness; In the interlayer constant temperature structure of described blast storehouse 1 sidewall, inject thermostatted water with thermostatted water feeding mechanism, described thermostatted water temperature is 90 DEG C;
With Suo Shu ?No. 35 light diesel fuel steam supply devices 4 prepare Suo Shu ?No. 35 light diesel fuel steams;
By prepare ?No. 35 light diesel fuel steams be transported in described blast storehouse 1, then in blast space, injecting described dry air to blast interior volume pressure with described dry air feeding mechanism 5 is a standard atmospheric pressure; Open described gas-recycling plant 8 Jiang Suo Shu ?No. 35 light diesel fuel steams and described dry air mixing obtain mixed gas; Described mixed gas Zhong Suo Shu ?No. 35 light diesel fuel steam proportions be 5vol%;
B, the method for igniting described mixed gas are that electric ignition is ignited; After igniting described mixed gas, the described explosion pressure data recorded are transferred on described computing machine by described blast storehouse pressure sensor device, and it is right the described explosion pressure Data Data recorded and standard atmospheric pressure to be carried out, and calculating pressure raises ratio; The computing formula of described rate of explosion is:
Rate of explosion=(after igniting pressure data maximal value-standard atmospheric pressure)/standard atmospheric pressure;
Rate of explosion >=1% illustrates that described mixed gas is detonated;
Fig. 3 measures the explosion pressure change curve obtaining-No. 35 light diesel fuels, as seen from Figure 3:
Rate of explosion >1%, and have obvious explosion pressure more prominent;
C, progressively improve volume ratio described in described mixed gas shared by-No. 35 light diesel fuel steams ,-No. 35 light diesel fuel steam proportions described in described mixed gas are compared in the more last test of each test increases 1vol%; Repeating said steps A and B, finds upper explosion limit and the lower explosive limit of described-No. 35 light diesel fuels, and described upper explosion limit and described lower explosive limit and part are therebetween the explosion limits of described-No. 35 light diesel fuels.
The explosion limits recording-No. 35 light diesel fuel steams is: 4-6%.
Above-described embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (10)
1. a liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system, it is characterized in that, comprise blast storehouse (1), computing machine, master control system and coupled the first vacuum extractor (7), gas-recycling plant (8), liquid fuel steam supply device (4), dry air feeding mechanism (5) and portfire; Described blast storehouse (1) is the hollow tubular structure closed, the hollow space of described blast storehouse (1) is blast space, the inner top of described blast storehouse (1) is provided with spark electrode (6), end is provided with blast storehouse pressure sensor device, described spark electrode (6) is connected with described portfire, and described blast storehouse pressure sensor device is connected with described master control system; Described liquid fuel feeding mechanism (4), described dry air feeding mechanism (5) are all connected with described blast space with described first vacuum extractor (7); Described master control system is connected with described computing machine; Described gas-recycling plant is connected with draft tube (3) and escape pipe (2), the air intake opening of described draft tube (3) and the gas outlet of described escape pipe (2) lay respectively at two ends, described blast space.
2. liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system comprises thermostatted water feeding mechanism; The sidewall of described blast storehouse (1) adopts interlayer constant temperature structure; Described thermostatted water feeding mechanism is connected with described interlayer constant temperature structure two ends and forms thermostatted water closed circuit.
3. liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described liquid fuel steam supply device (4) comprises the liquid fuel hold-up vessel (401), steam generation tank (402) and the second vacuum extractor (415) that are connected successively by pipeline; Liquid fuel hold-up vessel (401) is connected with described steam generation tank (402) by feed pipe (409), and described steam generation tank (402) outer wall adopts interlayer constant temperature structure; Described feed pipe (409) is provided with feeding operation valve (408); Described steam generation tank (402) is provided with steam generation tank pressure sensor device (404), and described steam generation tank pressure sensor device (404) is connected with described computing machine;
Described liquid fuel hold-up vessel (401) inside is provided with automatic level meter; Described feed pipe (409) is provided with atomising head (405) in one end that described steam generation tank (402) is inner; Discharge gate (411) is provided with in described steam generation tank (402) bottom; Vapor storage tank (403) is provided with between described steam generation tank (402) and described second vacuum extractor (415), described vapor storage tank (403) is connected by snorkel (413) with described steam generation tank (402), described snorkel (413) is provided with operation valve of supplying gas (412); Be connected by pipeline between described vapor storage tank (403) with described second vacuum extractor (415), described pipeline be provided with and vacuumize operation valve (416); Described vapor storage tank (403) is provided with vapor storage pressure tank sensing device (410), and described vapor storage pressure tank sensing device (410) is connected with described computing machine; Described vapor storage tank (403) top is provided with steam delivery outlet (414); Described vapor storage tank (403) outer wall adopts interlayer constant temperature structure;
Described liquid fuel steam supply device (4) also comprises air supply device and thermostatted water feeding mechanism (418), described vapor storage tank (403) inside is provided with supercharger (406), described supercharger (406) is connected with described air supply device by air delivery pipe (417), described air delivery pipe (417) is provided with air supply control valve (407); Described thermostatted water feeding mechanism (418) is connected with the interlayer constant temperature structure of described vapor storage tank (403) outer wall by the interlayer constant temperature structure of pipeline respectively at described steam generation tank (402) outer wall.
4. liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described first vacuum extractor (7) is vacuum pump; The hollow circular tube structure that described blast storehouse (1) is closed at both ends, its volume >=1L, length-diameter ratio is 1-30, and material is stainless steel.
5. liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the long 1400mm of described blast storehouse (1), internal diameter is 60mm; Described portfire is chemic ignition device or electric ignition device; Described blast storehouse (1) sidewall is provided with form.
6. adopt liquid fuel steam explosion limit Analytical system described in claim 4 or 5 to measure a method for the liquid fuel steam explosion limit, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A, will explode with the first vacuum extractor (7) evacuate space, then use liquid fuel steam supply device (4) in described blast space, pass into liquid fuel steam and with dry air feeding mechanism (5) inject wherein dry air extremely described blast interior volume pressure be a standard atmospheric pressure; Open gas-recycling plant (8) and described liquid fuel steam and the mixing of described dry air are obtained mixed gas;
B, ignite described mixed gas by portfire and spark electrode (6); Whether the explosion pressure data recorded are transferred on computing machine by blast storehouse pressure sensor device, the described explosion pressure data maximums recorded and standard atmospheric pressure are contrasted, evaluate described mixed gas and explode;
C, change the proportion of liquid fuel steam described in described mixed gas, repeating said steps A and B, until the explosion limits measuring described liquid fuel steam.
7. the assay method of the liquid fuel steam explosion limit according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described steps A specifically comprises the steps:
Be 0.8KPa with described first vacuum extractor (7) by described blast evacuate space to vacuum tightness; In the interlayer constant temperature structure of described blast storehouse (1) sidewall, inject thermostatted water with thermostatted water feeding mechanism, described thermostatted water temperature is 90 DEG C;
Prepare described liquid fuel steam with described liquid fuel steam supply device (4) and be transported in described blast space, then in described blast space, injecting described dry air to described blast interior volume pressure with described dry air feeding mechanism (5) is a standard atmospheric pressure; Open described gas-recycling plant (8) and described liquid fuel steam and the mixing of described dry air are obtained mixed gas; The proportion of liquid fuel steam described in described mixed gas is 1vol%.
8. the assay method of the liquid fuel steam explosion limit according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described step B specifically comprises the steps:
The method of igniting described mixed gas is that chemic ignition is ignited or electric ignition is ignited; Described chemic ignition ignition energy is 10-5000J, and described electric ignition ignition energy is 1500-2500J;
After igniting described mixed gas, the described explosion pressure data recorded are transferred on described computing machine by described blast storehouse pressure sensor device, and it is right the described explosion pressure data maximums recorded and standard atmospheric pressure to be carried out, and calculating pressure raises ratio; The computing formula of described rate of explosion is:
Rate of explosion=(after igniting pressure data maximal value-standard atmospheric pressure)/standard atmospheric pressure;
When sparking mode is chemic ignition ignition, rate of explosion >=10% illustrates that described mixed gas is detonated; When sparking mode is electric ignition, rate of explosion >=1% illustrates that described mixed gas is detonated.
9. the assay method of the liquid fuel steam explosion limit according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described step C specifically comprises the steps:
Progressively improve the volume ratio shared by liquid fuel steam described in described mixed gas, the proportion of liquid fuel steam described in described mixed gas is compared in the more last test of each test increases 1vol%; Repeating said steps A and B, finds upper explosion limit and the lower explosive limit of described liquid fuel, and described upper explosion limit and described lower explosive limit and part are therebetween the explosion limits of described liquid fuel.
10., according to the assay method of claim 6-9 liquid fuel steam explosion limit described in any one, it is characterized in that, prepare described liquid fuel steam and specifically comprise the steps:
Opening described second vacuum extractor (415), described steam generation tank (402) and described vapor storage tank (403) are evacuated to vacuum tightness is 0.75-1.5Kpa, then described second vacuum extractor (415) is closed and operation valve (412) of supplying gas described in closedown, open described thermostatted water feeding mechanism (18) and inject circulation constant temperature water in the interlayer constant temperature structure of described steam generation tank (402) and described vapor storage tank (403), the temperature of thermostatted water is the flash temperature of described liquid fuel under vacuum state; Described feed pipe (409) one end is below the described liquid fuel sample liquid level that described liquid fuel hold-up vessel (401) is inner, open described feeding operation valve (408) under condition of negative pressure, described liquid fuel sample injects described steam generation tank (402) by described liquid fuel hold-up vessel (401); Light constituent in liquid fuel, at described atomising head (405) place vacuum atomizing, obtains pure described liquid fuel steam;
Described steam generation tank (402) internal pressure is transferred on described computing machine by described steam generation tank pressure sensor device (404), until described computing machine showing in described steam generation tank (402) after pressure stability, close described feeding operation valve (408), operation valve (412) of supplying gas described in opening; Described vapor storage tank (403) internal pressure is transferred on described computing machine by described vapor storage pressure tank sensing device (410), until after described computing machine showing described steam generation tank (402) and described vapor storage tank (403) internal pressure stabilises, operation valve (412) of supplying gas described in disconnection;
Controlled by described automatic level meter and described feeding operation valve (408) below the liquid fuel sample liquid level that described feed pipe (409) one end liquid fuel within hold-up vessel (401) is inner; Light constituent in described liquid fuel sample is in the evaporation of described atomising head (405) place, and heavy constituent falls described steam generation tank (402) bottom becomes waste liquid; All the waste liquid in described steam generation tank (402) also to be used the rinse of liquid fuel sample by described discharge gate (411) emptying before preparing liquid fuel steam at every turn.
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