CN103981255B - 一种Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒 - Google Patents

一种Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒 Download PDF

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CN103981255B
CN103981255B CN201410128241.4A CN201410128241A CN103981255B CN 103981255 B CN103981255 B CN 103981255B CN 201410128241 A CN201410128241 A CN 201410128241A CN 103981255 B CN103981255 B CN 103981255B
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黄轶
李阳
宋利华
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Childrens Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒,包括SEQ?ID?NO.1~12。本发明为LHON临床诊断提供快速、准确、廉价的基因水平检测手段,可实现LHON的预防和早期及时诊断,能够发现高危人群,提高LHON的诊断率,进行有效的产前遗传咨询和婚前咨讯,提高人口素质,降低家庭和国家的医疗开支。

Description

一种Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒
技术领域
本发明涉及诊断试剂盒,用于Leber遗传性视神经病变的体外诊断。
背景技术
Leber遗传性视神经病变(Leberhereditaryopticneuropathy,LHON)是一种以母系遗传为特征的线粒体遗传病,是迄今临床上最常见的遗传性视神经疾病之一。LHON临床主要表现为双眼急性或亚急性中心视力下降,也是目前青少年致盲的主要原因之一,严重威胁青少年健康。
尽管目前许多临床检查手段如眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)、视网膜电图(ERG)等,有助于LHON的辅助诊断;但对于遗传性的LHON病变早期,大部分患者无家族史或家族史不清,临床表现轻微如仅有视神经损害,使得其早期临床诊断及治疗十分困难,这可能导致病情持续发展从而致盲,因此LHON的早期诊断尤为必要。
目前研究已经明确线粒体DNA(mtDNA)基因突变是LHON致病的主要分子机制,使得基因水平诊断成为LHON临床确诊的最直接手段。尽管目前已有部分基因分析方法在试图对LHONmtDNA突变进行了筛查分析,但由于费用昂贵、手续复杂、耗时长、漏诊率高等因素,限制了其在临床推广使用。
因此有必要开展一些新的基因诊断技术,并将其用于搭建LHON基因诊断检测平台,为LHON临床早期临床诊治提供重要依据;更重要的是对发现高危人群,进行有效的产前遗传咨询及诊断、婚前筛查,在提高人口素质方面具有极其重要的社会意义;而且可减少家庭和国家的医疗负担,具有重大的经济应用前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒,能够一次鉴定正常与突变的DNA,以及其突变是纯合子或杂合子。
本发明的目的是通过以下措施实现的:
一种Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒,包括SEQIDNO.1~12。SEQIDNO.1~4,SEQIDNO.5~8,SEQIDNO.9~12分别针对Leber遗传性视神经病变(LHON)致病相关的三个原发突变位点G3460A(ND1)、G11778A(ND4)与T14484C(ND6),针对每一个突变位点分别采用四条引物-两条外引物和两条内引物,两条外引物扩增的片段作为PCR体系的内对照,排除体系自身原因造成的误诊,两条内引物分别反向扩增突变及正常的等位基因,能够一次鉴定正常与突变的DNA,以及其突变是纯合子或杂合子。
本发明试剂盒的诊断原理如图1所示,P1和P2为扩增含有突变点基因片段的外引物,S1和S2为两条特异性引物即内引物,分别与DNA双链的两条单链互补,其3’端正好与SNP位点重合,由引物的3’端控制着引物的延伸反应,根据延伸产物的长度确定SNP类型,并通过在引物的3’端区域引入一个人为不匹配碱基来提高延伸反应的特异性。野生型(W)基因只能与相匹配的特异性引物S2发生延伸反应。特异性引物S1由于其3’末端碱基与模板不配对,故不发生延伸反应,因此PCR扩增后的产物只有DNA片段P1P2和P1S2;同理,突变型(M)基因仅与其配对的特异性引物S1发生延伸反应,特异性引物S2由于其3’末端碱基与模板不配对,故不发生延伸反应.因此PCR扩增后的产物只有DNA片段P1P2和S1P2。
上述Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒,SEQIDNO.1:SEQIDNO.2:SEQIDNO.3:SEQIDNO.4=10:10:1:1,SEQIDNO.5:SEQIDNO.6:SEQIDNO.7:SEQIDNO.8=20:20:1:1,SEQIDNO.9:SEQIDNO.10:SEQIDNO.11:SEQIDNO.12=5:5:1:1,以摩尔比计。本试剂盒特定调整外引物与内引物用量,其效果在于有效的平衡外侧与内侧PCR产物扩增效率,提高结果的特异性,便于扩增结果的准确判读。
为了更简单方便的得到更清晰易辨的检测结果,上述Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒的使用方法是将引物SEQIDNO.1~4、SEQIDNO.5~8或SEQIDNO.9~12分别与DNA扩增模板、DNA聚合酶、dNTP混合后在95℃保温10min,然后按95℃30s、65℃或55℃30s、72℃30s的条件进行35个循环,在72℃保温10min进行成像或测序检测。
有益效果
1.使用本发明的试剂盒,可直接通过PCR扩增条带的长度,一次性鉴定Leber遗传性视神经病变正常与突变的DNA以及其突变是纯合子或杂合子。
2.本发明排除了多引物使用时对检测结果的交叉影响,特异性强,无假阳性、无杂带产生,准确率高,阳性检出率可达到95%以上。
3.本发明可进行三个单管PCR同时扩增,一次电泳得到检测结果,所需仪器简单,具有操作简单、观察简单、耗费低廉、检测快速而准确的优势,适合临床推广普及,产业化应用。
4.本发明为LHON临床诊断提供快速、准确、廉价的基因水平检测手段,可实现LHON的预防和早期及时诊断,能够发现高危人群,提高LHON的诊断率,进行有效的产前遗传咨询和婚前咨讯,提高人口素质,降低家庭和国家的医疗开支。
附图说明
图1本发明试剂盒的诊断Leber遗传性视神经病变的原理;
图2实施例1①PCR扩增产物成像结果;
图3实施例1②PCR扩增产物成像结果;
图4实施例1③PCR扩增产物成像结果;
图5为实施例1①m.11778G>A位点无突变的测序图局部;
图6为实施例1①m.11778G>A位点为纯合突变的测序图局部,方框内显示为G突变为A;
图7为实施例1①m.11778G>A位点为杂合突变的测序图局部,方框内显示为G突变为A;
图8为实施例1②14484T>C位点无突变的测序图局部
图9为实施例1②m.14484T>C位点为纯合突变的测序图局部,方框内显示为T突变为C
图10为实施例1②m.14484T>C位点为杂合突变的测序图局部,方框内显示为T突变为C
图11为为实施例1③m.3460G>A位点无突变的测序图局部
图12为实施例1③m.3460G>A位点为纯合突变的测序图局部,方框内显示为G突变为A;
图13为为实施例1③m.3460G>A位点为杂合突变的测序图局部,方框内显示为G突变为A;
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步的描述,并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
实施例1
1.样本:人全血提取的DNA(50~100ng/ul)。样本1和2为正常对照,是指扩增模板来源于来源于无下述三个突变的正常人血DNA;样本3和4为纯合突变体,是指扩增模板来源于三个位点的阳性参考品质粒DNA,阳性参考品质粒为m.11778G>A;m.14484T>C;m.3460G>A三位点的人工突变片段质粒;样本5和6为杂合突变,是指扩增模板来源于阳性参考品质粒与无突变的正常人血DNA混合模版。
2.试剂:HotStartGreenMasterMix,2×:包含2×GreenGoTaqReactionBuffer(pH8.5)、400μMdATP、400μMGATP、400μMdCTP、400μMdTTP、4mMMgCl2、Nuclease-FreeWater、DNA聚合酶。
3.T-ARMS-PCR反应体系及扩增程序
①采用以下引物、体系及程序对各样本进行PCR扩增,成像结果如图2所示。
外引物:P1:GCCTACCCCTTCCTTGTACTATCCCTATG
P2:TTAATAGTGGGGGGTAAGGCGAGGTT
内引物:S1:CAAACTACGAACGCACTCACAGGCA
S2:TTGAAGTCCTTGAGAGAGGATTATGAGGC
反应体系
PCR扩增程序
②采用以下引物、体系及程序对各样本进行PCR扩增,成像结果如图3所示。
外引物:P1:ACCCCTCTCCTTCATAAATTATTCAGCTT
P2:GTGGTCGGGTGTGTTATTATTCTGAATT
内引物:S1:CATCGCTGTAGTATATCCAAAGACAACAAT
S2:AATAGTTTTTTTAATTTATTTAGGGGGAAGGG
反应体系
PCR扩增程序
③采用以下引物、体系及程序对各样本进行PCR扩增,成像结果如图4所示。
外引物:P1:AGTATTATACCCACACCCACCCAAGAACA
P2:GATTGAGTAAACGGCTAGGCTAGAGGTG
内引物:S1:GCTACTACAACCCTTCGCTGCCA
S2:GGGCTCTTTGGTGAAGAGTTTTATTGC
反应体系
PCR扩增程序
4.用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测PCR扩增产物
制备2.5%琼脂糖凝胶(含Go1dview)后,各取7ulPCR产物点样。稳压120V,35min,条件下电泳,完毕后在凝胶成像仪中观察结果并照相。
5.实验结果
①m.11778G>A位点引物T-ARMS-PCR结果
P1、P2、S1、S2特异性的将正常对照标本扩增出350bp、276bp两条带,m.11778G>A位点纯合突变的标本扩增出350bp、127bp两条带,杂合突变的标本扩增出350bp、276bp、127bp三条带,如图2所示。(M为500bpDNALadder;1和2为正常对照;3和4为纯合突变;5和6为杂合突变)
②m.14484T>C位点引物T-ARMS-PCR结果
P1、P2、S1、S2特异性的将正常对照标本扩增出286bp、111bp两条带,m.14484T>C位点纯合突变的标本扩增出286bp、236bp两条带,杂合突变的标本扩增出286bp、236bp、111bp三条带,如图3所示(M为500bpDNALadder;1和2为正常对照;3和4为纯合突变;5和6为杂合突变)
③m.3460G>A位点引物T-ARMS-PCR结果
P1、P2、S1、S2特异性的将正常对照标本扩增出460bp、292bp两条带,m.3460G>A位点纯合突变的标本扩增出460bp、217bp两条带,杂合突变的标本扩增出460bp、276bp、217bp三条带,如图4所示(M为1000bpDNALadder;1和2为正常对照;3和4为纯合突变;5和6为杂合突变)。
SEQUENCELISTING
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Claims (2)

1.一种Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒,包括SEQIDNO.1~12。
2.如权利要求1所述的Leber遗传性视神经病变体外诊断试剂盒,SEQIDNO.1:SEQIDNO.2:SEQIDNO.3:SEQIDNO.4=10:10:1:1,SEQIDNO.5:SEQIDNO.6:SEQIDNO.7:SEQIDNO.8=20:20:1:1,SEQIDNO.9:SEQIDNO.10:SEQIDNO.11:SEQIDNO.12=5:5:1:1,以质量比计。
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