CN103980057A - Special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for silkworm trees - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for silkworm trees. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared through the following ten steps of preparing a fertilizer absorption/release matrix material; preparing a fertilizer reservation matrix material; preparing a fertilizer affiliated matrix material; preparing a root affiliated matrix material; mixing; checking; proportioning; preparing a macroelement inorganic fertilizer; remixing; granulating. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer has the beneficial effects that the adsorption structure in the soil can be improved, and nutritive elements released from the compound fertilizer can be conveniently adsorbed and released; the nutritive elements released from the compound fertilizer can be prevented from losing; by using the fertilizer affiliated matrix material and the root affiliated matrix material, the compound fertilizer can be in well contact and affiliated with root hairs of silkworm trees, and the absorption efficiency of the root hairs to nutritive elements can be increased; the nutrient structure of the compound fertilizer meets the requirements of the silkworm trees; by using the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the utilization ratio of the fertilizer can be increased, the fertilizer loss can be reduced, the hazards to the ecological environment can be reduced, the health growth of the silkworm trees can be promoted, the dry matter accumulation quantity can be increased, the yield of mulberry leaves can be increased, the quality of the mulberry leaves can be improved, the yield of the mulberry leaves can be increased by 15-20%, and the economic benefit can be greatly increased.

Description

Silkworm and mulberry tree organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, particularly a kind of silkworm and mulberry tree organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special that meets silkworm and mulberry tree trophic structure and absorption characteristic.

Background technology

Fertilizer occupies very important status in modern agricultural production, along with modern agriculture, the development of profitable agriculture, fertilizer amount is increasing, but owing to there being some irrational factors in use procedure, cause the effect of fertilizer effectively not brought into play, make fertilizer range of distribution uneven, waste is serious, soil fertility declines, utilization rate of fertilizer reduces, the a large amount of entered environments of fertilizer that there is no utilization absorbed by crops after using, to environment, ecotope is destroyed, not only destroyed land resources, and human health has also been formed to threat.

In order to improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, reduce environmental pollution, industry has worked out a lot of ways, first be to study the emission and absorption efficiency that how to improve N, P, K, then study again the demand of concrete crop to fertilizer, and cut the waste, then study again the nutrient contg of concrete soil is configured to fertilizer nutrient structure in conjunction with crop demand, for various fertilizer variety of specifically having made deposits yields.

The patent No. 2004100610795 has been announced " a kind of Mulberry fertilizer ", this patent is according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of mulberry tree, the macronutrients such as a kind of N of containing, P, K are provided, and the specificity that also contains a certain proportion of middle trace element is strong, the mulberry tree special fertilizer of comprehensive nutrition, balanced and reasonable.But, this patent only provides a kind of trophic structure to meet the fertilizer of mulberry tree to the demand structure of nutrition, do not have to consider how to make fertilizer effectively be discharged, preserve and make the coring of mulberry tree can effectively absorb fertilizer, so that this kind of fertilizer still cannot be utilized effectively in actual applications, also there will be nutrient loss, cause environmental pollution.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of nutritional needs structure that had both met silkworm and mulberry tree, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer that the coring that can make again fertilizer effectively be discharged and silkworm and mulberry are set can effectively absorb, to improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, promote the healthy growth of silkworm and mulberry tree, and reduce because of the pollution of fertilizer loss to environment.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of silkworm and mulberry tree organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special, by preparation inhale release fertilizer ground substance material, preparation fertilizer conservation substrate material, prepare close fertilizer ground substance material, prepare close root organic fertilizer, batch mixing, check, formula, preparation macroelement mineral manure, compound, granulation totally ten large steps complete, concrete grammar is as follows.

(1) preparation is inhaled and is released fertilizer ground substance material: according to weight part, 1 part of carbonized wood ground-slag, open bore pearlstone 6-10 part mix and blend are heated to 60-65 ℃, then continue to stir after 10-15 minute cooling; Wherein carbonized wood ground-slag is by gained after the thin mistake afterwards of carbonized wood sizing 400 mesh sieves; Open bore pearlstone is that perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to temperature 1000-1300 ℃ roasting, makes the moisture vaporization in ore in sand form, causes the inner expansion 10-30 of ore in sand form doubly, forms the particulate material of cellular porous structure.

(2) prepare fertilizer conservation substrate material: according to weight part by 1 part of starch, clay powder 45-55 part mixing and stirring; Wherein clay powder for by unselected clay dry rear levigate after 200 mesh sieves gained.

(3) prepare close fertilizer ground substance material: according to weight part, get the soil at the coring place of wild silkworm and mulberry tree plant, together with coring, dry levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieves.

(4) prepare close root organic fertilizer: according to weight part, 1 part of saleratus, silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder 9-11 part, excrement of animals 45-55 part are fully mixed and mixed thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 1.8-2.0 rice, standing for fermentation again, the 40-45 days that becomes thoroughly decomposed, once turns over mixed in every 9 days; Wherein excrement of animals is that excrement of animals is air-dry to moisture content 30%～40% gained; Silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder is that fresh silkworm and mulberry tree root and branch are ground into particle diameter at the following gained of 2mm; Saleratus is according to weight part, 10 parts of sucrose to be joined in 100 parts, water, be heated to while stirring 60 ℃ and make sucrose dissolved, then add 39 parts of 50 parts of rice chaffs, 50 parts of tea oil cakes, dregs of beans to be fully uniformly mixed, add again 1 part of yeast powder, fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep the heap warm 65-75 ℃ 40-45 days that continuously ferments, then add 200 parts of black stump chalks to stir gained.

(5) batch mixing: according to weight part, suction is released to 1 part, fertilizer ground substance material, 1 part of fertilizer conservation substrate material, 1 part, close fertilizer ground substance material and close root organic fertilizer 7-13 part and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture.

(6) check: then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and organic content.

(7) formula: calculate nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component need to adding according to assay, make finally to contain N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio that comprises other organic materials are 20%:8%:12%:60%.

(8) prepare macroelement mineral manure: calculation result preparation (7) contains N, P according to step ₂o ₅, K ₂the mineral manure of O.

(9) compound: by mixture with containing N, P ₂o ₅, K ₂the mineral manure of O carries out compound, and it is fully mixed.

(10) granulation: the mixture after compound is carried out to granulation, obtain silkworm and mulberry tree organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, having comprised suction releases fertilizer ground substance material, it can improve the adsorption structure in soil after being manured into soil, and is convenient to absorption and discharges the nutritive element discharging in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer; Contain fertilizer conservation substrate material, can prevent the nutrient element loss discharging in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer; Particularly contain close fertilizer ground substance material, the soil that must locate from wild silkworm and mulberry tree root, after being manured into soil, can make Chemical Mixed Fertilizer contact better the coring of setting with affine silkworm and mulberry, improves the assimilated efficiency of coring to nutritive element; It is core material composting that parent's root organic fertilizer be take silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder, equally also can make Chemical Mixed Fertilizer contact better the coring with affine silkworm and mulberry tree, improves the assimilated efficiency of coring to nutritive element; Meanwhile, in the saleratus that heap composting adopts, take tea oil cake as core material, can effectively kill the germ in soil; By the proportion of composing of preparing N, P, K and comprising other organic materials according to the weight percent of 20%:8%:12%:60% again after these mixing of materials, this ratio meets the distinctive soil composition in Wuling mountain area and silkworm and mulberry are set needed nutrition structure; Use the present invention can improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer loss, reduce the harm to ecotope, promote the healthy growth of silkworm and mulberry tree, improve dry-matter accumulation amount, improve mulberry yield and quality, make mulberry leaf volume increase 15%-20%, greatly improved economic benefit.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment 1.

First preparation is inhaled and is released fertilizer ground substance material, by thin rear 400 mesh sieves of crossing of carbonized wood sizing, obtains carbonized wood ground-slag; Perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to temperature 1000-1300 ℃ roasting, makes the moisture vaporization in ore in sand form, cause the inner expansion 10-30 of ore in sand form doubly, form the particulate material of cellular porous structure, obtain open bore pearlstone; Then get carbonized wood ground-slag 100kg, open bore pearlstone 600kg closes and is heated with stirring to 60 ℃, then continue to stir after 15 minutes coolingly, obtain inhaling and release fertilizer ground substance material; Prepare again fertilizer conservation substrate material, unselected clay is dried and levigately after 200 mesh sieves, obtains clay powder afterwards; Get starch 10kg, clay 450kg mixing and stirring, obtain fertilizer conservation substrate material; Prepare close fertilizer ground substance again, get the soil 500kg at the coring place of wild silkworm and mulberry tree plant, together with coring, dry, levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieves, obtain close fertilizer ground substance; Then prepare close root organic fertilizer, sucrose 10kg is joined in 100kg water, be heated to while stirring 60 ℃, make sucrose dissolved, then add rice chaff 50kg, tea oil cake 50kg, dregs of beans 39kg to be fully uniformly mixed, then add yeast powder 1kg, again fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep 65 ℃ of heap temperature to continuously ferment 45 days, and then add 200kg black stump chalk, stir and obtain saleratus; Fresh silkworm and mulberry tree root and branch are ground into particle diameter and below 2mm, obtain silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder; Obtain excrement of animals to moisture content 30% by excrement of animals is air-dry; Then saleratus 100kg, silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder 900kg, excrement of animals 4500kg are fully mixed and mixed thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 1.8 meters, then standing for fermentation, become thoroughly decomposed 45 days, within every 9 days, once turn over mixedly, finally obtain close root organic fertilizer.

Then carry out batch mixing, suction is released to fertilizer ground substance material 100kg, fertilizer conservation substrate material 100kg, close fertilizer ground substance material 100kg and close root organic fertilizer 700kg and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture; Then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and organic content, record full nitrogen 2.11%, available phosphorus 1.70%, full potassium 1.19%, organic 51.15%.

According to assay, calculate nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component need to adding, make finally to contain N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio that comprises other organic materials are 20%:8%:12%:60%; So get mixture 1350kg, the urea 1926kg of nitrogen content 46.3%, the monoammonium phosphate 725kg of phosphorus content 52% and nitrogen content 11%, the Repone K 999kg of potassium content 58.45%, its abundant compound is mixed, then granulation, obtains nitrogenous 20%, available phosphorus 8%, full potassium 12%, organic 13.81% silkworm and mulberry tree organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special 5000kg.

In December, 2012, this fertilizer is used for to 10 mu of Milky Way village, Bai Shi township, Qianjiang District of Chongqing silkworm and mulberry tree planting model fields, using this fertile 35kg for every mu spreads manuer in holes, average yield per mu reaches 2897.6kg, than the contrast field average yield per mu 2471.8kg that uses the common domestic Chemical Mixed Fertilizers of nutrient such as equivalent, improved 425.8kg, volume increase 17.23%.

Embodiment 2.

First preparation is inhaled and is released fertilizer ground substance material, by thin rear 400 mesh sieves of crossing of carbonized wood sizing, obtains carbonized wood ground-slag; Perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to 1150 ℃ of roastings of temperature, makes the moisture vaporization in ore in sand form, cause the inner expansion 10-30 of ore in sand form doubly, form the particulate material of cellular porous structure, obtain open bore pearlstone; Then get carbonized wood ground-slag 100kg, open bore pearlstone 800kg closes and is heated with stirring to 62.5 ℃, then continue to stir after 12.5 minutes coolingly, obtain inhaling and release fertilizer ground substance material; Prepare again fertilizer conservation substrate material, unselected clay is dried and levigately after 200 mesh sieves, obtains clay powder afterwards; Get starch 10kg, clay 500kg mixing and stirring, obtain fertilizer conservation substrate material; Prepare close fertilizer ground substance again, get the soil 500kg at the coring place of wild silkworm and mulberry tree plant, together with coring, dry, levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieves, obtain close fertilizer ground substance; Then prepare close root organic fertilizer, sucrose 10kg is joined in 100kg water, be heated to while stirring 60 ℃, make sucrose dissolved, then add rice chaff 50kg, tea oil cake 50kg, dregs of beans 39kg to be fully uniformly mixed, then add yeast powder 1kg, again fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep 70 ℃ of heap temperature to continuously ferment 42.5 days, and then add 200kg black stump chalk, stir and obtain saleratus; Fresh silkworm and mulberry tree root and branch are ground into particle diameter and below 2mm, obtain silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder; Obtain excrement of animals to moisture content 35% by excrement of animals is air-dry; Then saleratus 100kg, silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder 1000kg, excrement of animals 5000kg are fully mixed and mixed thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 1.9 meters, then standing for fermentation, become thoroughly decomposed 42.5 days, within every 9 days, once turn over mixedly, finally obtain close root organic fertilizer.

Then carry out batch mixing, suction is released to fertilizer ground substance material 150kg, fertilizer conservation substrate material 150kg, close fertilizer ground substance material 150kg and close root organic fertilizer 1500kg and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture; Then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and organic content, record full nitrogen 2.47%, available phosphorus 1.91%, full potassium 1.23%, organic 51.75%.

According to assay, calculate nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component need to adding, make finally to contain N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio that comprises other organic materials are 20%:8%:12%:60%; So get mixture 1370kg, the urea 1916kg of nitrogen content 46.3%, the monoammonium phosphate 719kg of phosphorus content 52% and nitrogen content 11%, the Repone K 995kg of potassium content 58.45%, its abundant compound is mixed, then granulation, obtains nitrogenous 20%, available phosphorus 8%, full potassium 12%, organic 15.53% silkworm and mulberry tree organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special 5000kg.

In December, 2012, this fertilizer is used for to 10 mu of sand bar township, Qianjiang District of Chongqing arteries and veins East Village silkworm and mulberry tree planting model fields, using this fertile 35kg for every mu spreads manuer in holes, average yield per mu reaches 2975.6kg, than the contrast field average yield per mu 2471.8kg that uses the common domestic Chemical Mixed Fertilizers of nutrient such as equivalent, improved 503.8kg, volume increase 20.38%.

Embodiment 3.

First preparation is inhaled and is released fertilizer ground substance material, by thin rear 400 mesh sieves of crossing of carbonized wood sizing, obtains carbonized wood ground-slag; Perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to temperature 1000-1300 ℃ roasting, makes the moisture vaporization in ore in sand form, cause the inner expansion 10-30 of ore in sand form doubly, form the particulate material of cellular porous structure, obtain open bore pearlstone; Then get carbonized wood ground-slag 100kg, open bore pearlstone 1000kg closes and is heated with stirring to 65 ℃, then continue to stir after 15 minutes coolingly, obtain inhaling and release fertilizer ground substance material; Prepare again fertilizer conservation substrate material, unselected clay is dried and levigately after 200 mesh sieves, obtains clay powder afterwards; Get starch 10kg, clay 550kg mixing and stirring, obtain fertilizer conservation substrate material; Prepare close fertilizer ground substance again, get the soil 500kg at the coring place of wild silkworm and mulberry tree plant, together with coring, dry, levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieves, obtain close fertilizer ground substance; Then prepare close root organic fertilizer, sucrose 10kg is joined in 100kg water, be heated to while stirring 60 ℃, make sucrose dissolved, then add rice chaff 50kg, tea oil cake 50kg, dregs of beans 39kg to be fully uniformly mixed, then add yeast powder 1kg, again fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep 75 ℃ of heap temperature to continuously ferment 45 days, and then add 200kg black stump chalk, stir and obtain saleratus; Fresh silkworm and mulberry tree root and branch are ground into particle diameter and below 2mm, obtain silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder; Obtain excrement of animals to moisture content 40% by excrement of animals is air-dry; Then saleratus 100kg, silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder 1100kg, excrement of animals 5500kg are fully mixed and mixed thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 2.0 meters, then standing for fermentation, become thoroughly decomposed 45 days, within every 9 days, once turn over mixedly, finally obtain close root organic fertilizer.

Then carry out batch mixing, suction is released to fertilizer ground substance material 200kg, fertilizer conservation substrate material 200kg, close fertilizer ground substance material 200kg and close root organic fertilizer 2600kg and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture; Then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and organic content.Full nitrogen 2.13%, available phosphorus 1.67%, full potassium 1.40%, organic 52.55%.

According to assay, calculate nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component need to adding, make finally to contain N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio that comprises other organic materials are 20%:8%:12%:60%; So get mixture 2712kg, the urea 3850kg of nitrogen content 46.3%, the monoammonium phosphate 1450kg of phosphorus content 52% and nitrogen content 11%, the Repone K 1988kg of potassium content 58.45%, its abundant compound is mixed, then granulation, obtains 10 tons of nitrogenous 20%, available phosphorus 8%, full potassium 12%, organic 14.25% silkworm and mulberry tree organic-inorganic compound fertilizer specials.

In December, 2013, this fertilizer is used for to 10 mu of Guan Li village, Shui Shi township, Qianjiang District of Chongqing silkworm and mulberry tree planting model fields, using this fertile 35kg for every mu spreads manuer in holes, average yield per mu reaches 2936.5kg, than the contrast field average yield per mu 2471.8kg that uses the common domestic Chemical Mixed Fertilizers of nutrient such as equivalent, improved 464.7kg, volume increase 18.80%.

Claims (1)

1. silkworm and mulberry are set organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special, by preparation inhale release fertilizer ground substance material, preparation fertilizer conservation substrate material, prepare close fertilizer ground substance material, prepare close root organic fertilizer, batch mixing, check, formula, preparation macroelement mineral manure, compound, granulation totally ten large steps complete, concrete grammar is as follows:

(1) preparation is inhaled and is released fertilizer ground substance material: according to weight part, 1 part of carbonized wood ground-slag, open bore pearlstone 6-10 part mix and blend are heated to 60-65 ℃, then continue to stir after 10-15 minute cooling; Wherein carbonized wood ground-slag is by gained after the thin mistake afterwards of carbonized wood sizing 400 mesh sieves; Open bore pearlstone is that perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to temperature 1000-1300 ℃ roasting, makes the moisture vaporization in ore in sand form, causes the inner expansion 10-30 of ore in sand form doubly, forms the particulate material of cellular porous structure;

(2) prepare fertilizer conservation substrate material: according to weight part by 1 part of starch, clay powder 45-55 part mixing and stirring; Wherein clay powder for by unselected clay dry rear levigate after 200 mesh sieves gained;

(3) prepare close fertilizer ground substance material: according to weight part, get the soil at the coring place of wild silkworm and mulberry tree plant, together with coring, dry levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieves;

(4) prepare close root organic fertilizer: according to weight part, 1 part of saleratus, silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder 9-11 part, excrement of animals 45-55 part are fully mixed and mixed thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 1.8-2.0 rice, standing for fermentation again, the 40-45 days that becomes thoroughly decomposed, once turns over mixed in every 9 days; Wherein excrement of animals is that excrement of animals is air-dry to moisture content 30%～40% gained; Silkworm and mulberry tree root branch powder is that fresh silkworm and mulberry tree root and branch are ground into particle diameter at the following gained of 2mm; Saleratus is according to weight part, 10 parts of sucrose to be joined in 100 parts, water, be heated to while stirring 60 ℃ and make sucrose dissolved, then add 39 parts of 50 parts of rice chaffs, 50 parts of tea oil cakes, dregs of beans to be fully uniformly mixed, add again 1 part of yeast powder, fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep the heap warm 65-75 ℃ 40-45 days that continuously ferments, then add 200 parts of black stump chalks to stir gained;

(5) batch mixing: according to weight part, suction is released to 1 part, fertilizer ground substance material, 1 part of fertilizer conservation substrate material, 1 part, close fertilizer ground substance material and close root organic fertilizer 7-13 part and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture;

(6) check: then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and organic content;

(7) formula: calculate nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component need to adding according to assay, make finally to contain N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio that comprises other organic materials are 20%:8%:12%:60%;

(8) prepare macroelement mineral manure: calculation result preparation (7) contains N, P according to step ₂o ₅, K ₂the mineral manure of O;

(9) compound: by mixture with containing N, P ₂o ₅, K ₂the mineral manure of O carries out compound, and it is fully mixed;

(10) granulation: the mixture after compound is carried out to granulation, obtain silkworm and mulberry tree organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special.