CN103971577A - Test simulator for displacement and extraction of natural gas hydrates through CO2 - Google Patents
Test simulator for displacement and extraction of natural gas hydrates through CO2 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103971577A CN103971577A CN201410208708.6A CN201410208708A CN103971577A CN 103971577 A CN103971577 A CN 103971577A CN 201410208708 A CN201410208708 A CN 201410208708A CN 103971577 A CN103971577 A CN 103971577A
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Abstract
The invention relates to testing apparatus, in particular to a test simulator for displacement and extraction of natural gas hydrates through CO2. The testing apparatus comprises a reaction kettle, a constant temperature control system, a gas injection and liquid injection system, a liquid loop heating system, a return pressure control system, a vacuumization and gas-liquid separation system, a gas generation online detection system and a data acquisition system. Real-time monitoring of saturation of the hydrates is achieved by the adoption of the time domain reflection technique, the testing apparatus is easy and convenient to use and small in calculated quantity, and data supports are provided for accurate discussion of the replacement reaction rate; the gas generation pipeline of the reaction kettle is connected with a gas chromatograph, so real-time measurement of gas generation components can be achieved; the simulation environment is more approximate to the undersea extraction environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test unit, specifically, relate to a kind of analogue means of the CO2 of employing replacement exploitation of gas hydrate.
Background technology
Gas hydrate (abbreviation hydrate) are distributed widely in high latitude extremely low frozen soil stratum and ocean deepwater ground environment, have reserves greatly and energy density high.Along with the develop rapidly of world economy, the consumption of traditional fossil fuel is more and more, has caused on the one hand the day by day exhausted of global energy, has caused on the other hand the rising day by day of atmospheric temperature.Hydrate exploitation and reduction Global Greenhouse Effect have become study hotspot.
Use CO
2the principle of replacement exploitation hydrate is: by guest molecule CO
2reduce CH in hydrate
4the dividing potential drop of molecule, by CH
4molecular replacement out.In replacement process, CO
2the generative process of hydrate provides CH
4the needed heat of decomposition of hydrate process.The method not only can gather a large amount of CH
4with alleviating energy crisis, can also bury CO excessive in atmosphere
2reduce greenhouse effect, can also keep the stability containing hydrate formation simultaneously, and then reduce the generation of geologic hazard.
The patent No. is 2010106056318, name is called a kind of Experimental mimic system of CO2 exploitation of gas hydrate, disclose a kind of experiment simulator that comprises reactor, detection system, data acquisition system (DAS), air feed and increase system, this analogue means cannot be realized the Real-Time Monitoring to hydrate concentration.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of CO that can realize hydrate concentration Real-Time Monitoring
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator.
CO of the present invention
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator, comprises reactor, thermostatic control system, gas injection liquid injection system, hydronic system, back pressure control system, vacuumizes and Separate System of Water-jet, aerogenesis on-line detecting system and data acquisition system (DAS);
Described thermostatic control system is constant temperature bathroom;
It is indoor that described reactor is placed in thermostatic bath, fixing unidirectional osmosis steel plate is installed in reactor bottom, bottom-heated pipe is installed between unidirectional osmosis steel plate and bottom, reactor top cover is provided with 1 gas injection liquid injection port, 1 aerogenesis mouth, bottom is provided with 1 gas injection port, 1 drain and 2 TDR probe aperture, and reactor sidewall higher slice is provided with 3 temperature survey holes;
Described gas injection liquid injection system, comprises CH
4gas cylinder, CO
2gas cylinder, electronic balance, intermediate receptacle; Described CH
4gas cylinder is by the gas injection liquid injection port of pipeline communication reactor, and pipeline is provided with supercharge pump and stop valve, tensimeter and pressure transducer; Described CO
2the gas injection port that gas cylinder covers by gas injection liquid injection port and the Polycondensation Reactor and Esterification Reactor of pipeline communication reactor, is provided with tensimeter, pressure transducer and stop valve on described pipeline; Electronic balance and intermediate receptacle are by pipeline communication, and the pipeline between electronic balance and intermediate receptacle is provided with constant-flux pump, and the pipeline that intermediate receptacle leads to reactor gas injection liquid injection port is provided with tensimeter;
Described hydronic system, comprise preheating water tank, be arranged on the U-shaped heating tube at reactor gas injection liquid injection port place, and be arranged on the bottom-heated pipe between unidirectional osmosis steel plate and bottom, described U-shaped heating tube two ends are respectively by pipeline connection preheating water tank, the two ends of described bottom-heated pipe are respectively by pipeline connection preheating water tank, in preheating water tank, be provided with temperature controller and temp probe, preheating water tank exit is provided with water pump;
Back pressure control system, comprises N
2gas cylinder and check valve, N
2gas cylinder is connected to the aerogenesis mouth on reactor top cover by pipeline, is communicated with N
2the pipeline of gas cylinder and aerogenesis mouth is provided with check valve, and described aerogenesis mouth place is provided with exhausting pipeline, and exhausting pipeline is provided with safety valve and pressure transducer;
Described vacuumizing and Separate System of Water-jet, comprise vacuum pump and gas-liquid separator, gas-liquid separator is by pipeline communication check valve, the bottom of gas-liquid separator is provided with fluid pipeline and stop valve, between gas-liquid separator and vacuum pump, be provided with drying, the pipeline between drying and vacuum pump is provided with tensimeter;
Described aerogenesis on-line detecting system is gas chromatograph, and gas chromatograph is connected between drying and vacuum pump by pipeline;
Described data acquisition system (DAS), comprise interconnective industrial computer and data acquisition unit, described data acquisition unit is connected with temp probe, pressure transducer, TDR signal picker in simulation test device, described TDR signal picker connects TDR signal probe, and described TDR signal probe is fixed in the TDR probe aperture of reactor bottom.
Adopt TDR probe can realize the Real-Time Monitoring to hydrate concentration, the unidirectional osmosis steel plate arranging in simultaneous reactions still, can ensure that gas molecule is from below to up through unidirectional osmosis steel plate, hydrone can not pass unidirectional osmosis steel plate from top to down, for simulation ocean ground environment provides guarantee.Reactor bottom heating tube can effectively prevent from stopping up containing solid hydrate in hydrate preparation process the infiltration lane of steel plate, and the U-shaped heating tube at reactor top, for the decomposition of hydrate provides constant temperature thermal source.
Preferably, described reactor is installed on dolly, and the lower installation roller of getting off facilitates reactor turnover constant temperature bathroom.
Preferably, the top cover of described reactor and bottom and reactor main body adopt clip to fix, and adopt clip to fix, and are convenient to the dismounting of top cover and bottom, are convenient to the cleaning after filling porous medium and test.
Preferably, the maximum pressure that described reactor can bear is 25MPa, the high 350mm of reactor, external diameter 300mm.
Preferably, the back pressure range of control of check valve is 0～25MPa, and control accuracy is ± 0.1MPa.
Preferably, the control of thermostatic bath indoor temperature is-20～120 DEG C, control accuracy ± 0.1 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) adopt time domain reflection technology to realize the Real-Time Monitoring of hydrate concentration, easy, calculated amount is little, provides data supporting for accurately inquiring into displacement reaction speed;
2) unidirectional osmosis steel plate convenient disassembly, top cover and bottom convenient disassembly, be convenient to the filling of cleaning equipment and porous medium;
3) gas enters the mode of the lower air inlet of reactor employing, and simulated sea bottom gas, from the upwards diffusion of sediment bottom, adopts Tempeerature-constant air bathroom simulated sea bottom temperature simultaneously, and unidirectional osmosis steel plate approaches the build environment in seabed more, simulates more true to nature;
4) reactor aerogenesis pipeline is connected with gas chromatograph, can realize the real-time measurement of aerogenesis component.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is experiment simulator figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is reactor inner structure schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is reactor external structure schematic diagram in Fig. 1.
Wherein, 1-CH
4gas cylinder; 2-CO
2gas cylinder; 3-reduction valve; 4-supercharge pump; 5-stop valve; 6-tensimeter; 7-electronic balance; 8-constant-flux pump; 9-intermediate receptacle; 10-pressure transducer; 11-safety valve; 12-temp probe; 13-TDR signal probe; 14-water pump; 15-preheating water tank; 16-temperature controller; 17-TDR signal picker; 18-check valve; 19-N
2gas cylinder; 20-gas-liquid separator; 21-drying; 22-vacuum pump; 23-gas chromatograph; 24-data acquisition unit; 25-industrial computer; 26-constant temperature bathroom; The saturated sediment of 27-; 28-unidirectional osmosis steel plate; 29-reactor; 30-top cover; 31-bottom; 32-U type heating tube; 33-bottom-heated pipe; 34-top clip; 35-bottom clip; 36-dolly; 37-rotation axis.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further explained.
CO of the present invention
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator, comprises reactor 29, thermostatic control system, gas injection liquid injection system, hydronic system, back pressure control system, vacuumizes and Separate System of Water-jet, aerogenesis on-line detecting system and data acquisition system (DAS).
Described thermostatic control system is constant temperature bathroom 26, and the interior temperature control in constant temperature bathroom 26 is-20～120 DEG C, control accuracy ± 0.1 DEG C.
Described reactor 29 is placed in constant temperature bathroom 26, and reactor 29 is installed on dolly, and reactor 39 moving axis 37 that can rotate carries out 360 ° of rotations, under dolly, roller is installed, and can slide along trapped orbit.The maximum pressure that reactor 29 can bear is 25MPa, high 350mm, external diameter 300mm.Fixing unidirectional osmosis steel plate 28 is installed in reactor 29 bottoms, and unidirectional osmosis steel plate 28 allows gas molecule to pass from below to up, and hydrone can not pass from top to bottom.Between unidirectional osmosis steel plate 28 and bottom 31, bottom-heated pipe 33 is installed, reactor top cover 30 is provided with 1 gas injection liquid injection port, 1 aerogenesis mouth, bottom 31 is provided with 1 gas injection port, 1 drain and 2 TDR probe aperture, reactor 29 sidewall higher slices are provided with 3 temperature survey holes, the top cover 30 of reactor 29 and reactor 29 main bodys adopt top clip 34 fixing, and reactor 29 main bodys and bottom 31 are fixing by bottom clip 35.
Described gas injection liquid injection system, comprises CH
4gas cylinder 1, CO
2gas cylinder 2, electronic balance 7, intermediate receptacle 9; Described CH
4gas cylinder 1 is by the gas injection liquid injection port of pipeline communication reactor 29, and pipeline is provided with supercharge pump 4 and stop valve 5, tensimeter 6 and pressure transducer 10; Described CO
2gas cylinder 2, by the gas injection port on gas injection liquid injection port and the reactor bottom 31 of pipeline communication reactor 29, is provided with tensimeter 6, pressure transducer 10 and stop valve 5 on described pipeline; Electronic balance 7 is with intermediate receptacle 9 by pipeline communication, and the pipeline between electronic balance 7 and intermediate receptacle 9 is provided with constant-flux pump 8, and the pipeline that intermediate receptacle 9 leads to reactor 29 gas injection liquid injection port is provided with tensimeter 6.
Described hydronic system, comprise preheating water tank 15, be arranged on the U-shaped heating tube 32 at reactor 29 gas injection liquid injection port places, and be arranged on the bottom-heated pipe 33 between unidirectional osmosis steel plate 28 and bottom 31, described U-shaped heating tube 32 two ends are respectively by pipeline connection preheating water tank 15, the two ends of described bottom-heated pipe 33 are respectively by pipeline connection preheating water tank 15, in preheating water tank 15, be provided with temperature controller 16 and temp probe 12, preheating water tank 15 exits are provided with water pump 14.
Back pressure control system, comprises N
2gas cylinder 19 and check valve 18, N
2gas cylinder 19 is connected to the aerogenesis mouth on reactor top cover 30 by pipeline, is communicated with N
2gas cylinder 19 is provided with check valve 18 with the pipeline of aerogenesis mouth, and described aerogenesis mouth place is provided with exhausting pipeline, and exhausting pipeline is provided with safety valve 11 and pressure transducer 10.
Described vacuumizing and Separate System of Water-jet, comprise vacuum pump 22 and gas-liquid separator 20, gas-liquid separator 20 is by pipeline communication check valve 18, the bottom of gas-liquid separator 20 is provided with fluid pipeline and stop valve 5, between gas-liquid separator 20 and vacuum pump 22, be provided with drying 21, the pipeline between drying 21 and vacuum pump 22 is provided with tensimeter 6.
Described aerogenesis on-line detecting system is gas chromatograph 23, and gas chromatograph 23 is connected between drying 21 and vacuum pump 22 by pipeline.
Described data acquisition system (DAS), comprise interconnective industrial computer 25 and data acquisition unit 24, described data acquisition unit 24 is connected with temp probe 12, pressure transducer 10, TDR signal picker 17 in simulation test device, described TDR signal picker 17 connects TDR signal probe 13, and described TDR signal probe 13 is fixed in the TDR probe aperture of reactor bottom 31.
Adopt said apparatus to carry out the method for test simulation, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) reactor 29 is cleared up: adopt washed with de-ionized water reactor 29 inwalls, top cover 30, bottom 31 and unidirectional osmosis steel plate 28.
(2) sediment preparation: evenly mix silica sand and pure water, prepare saturated sediment 27, saturated sediment 27 is evenly loaded on the unidirectional osmosis steel plate 28 in reactor 29, the height of saturated sediment 27 is a bit larger tham TDR signal probe 13 height.
(3) TDR signal initialization: adopt data acquisition system (DAS) to measure the initial TDR signal waveform of saturated sediment 27 correspondences.
(4) connecting line leak detection: according to the connected mode joint test device of each device, inject CH in pilot system
4to gaseous tension 0.3MPa in reactor and leave standstill, guarantee that test unit is without leakage.
(5) vacuumize: adopt vacuum pump 22 to vacuumize, the air in removal system.
(6) preparation contains hydrate sediment: the temperature in regulating thermostatic bathroom is 4.0 DEG C and keeps constant, to the interior injection of reactor 29 CH
4, reaching 12.0MPa to reactor 29 internal pressures, synthesized hydrate sediment, adopts data acquisition system (DAS) to measure TDR signal waveform.
(7) displacement CH4 gas: reducing reactor temperature is 1.0 DEG C, rapidly CH in emptying reactor
4, and inject gaseous state CO from reactor top
2rinse, adopt data acquisition system (DAS) to measure TDR waveform.
(8) CO
2replacement exploitation: close outlet valve, inject gaseous state CO in reactor
2or liquid CO
2reach 3.0MPa to gaseous tension, carry out replacement exploitation,, adopt data acquisition system (DAS) Real-Time Monitoring.
(9) aerogenesis analysis: adopted gas chromatograph to measure aerogenesis component every 10 hours, mixed gas in emptying reactor in the time that aerogenesis change of component is very little, after hydrate decomposes completely, measures mixer component in reactor.
Claims (7)
1. a CO
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator, it is characterized in that, described experiment simulator comprises reactor (29), thermostatic control system, gas injection liquid injection system, hydronic system, back pressure control system, vacuumizes and Separate System of Water-jet, aerogenesis on-line detecting system and data acquisition system (DAS);
Described thermostatic control system is constant temperature bathroom (26);
Described reactor (29) is placed in constant temperature bathroom (26), fixing unidirectional osmosis steel plate (28) is installed in reactor (29) bottom, between unidirectional osmosis steel plate (28) and bottom (31), bottom-heated pipe (33) is installed, reactor top cover (30) is provided with 1 gas injection liquid injection port, 1 aerogenesis mouth, bottom (31) is provided with 1 gas injection port, 1 drain and 2 TDR probe aperture, and reactor (29) sidewall higher slice is provided with 3 temperature survey holes;
Described gas injection liquid injection system, comprises CH
4gas cylinder (1), CO
2gas cylinder (2), electronic balance (7), intermediate receptacle (9); Described CH
4gas cylinder (1) is by the gas injection liquid injection port of pipeline communication reactor (29), and pipeline is provided with supercharge pump (4) and stop valve (5), tensimeter (6) and pressure transducer (10); Described CO
2gas cylinder (2), by the gas injection port on gas injection liquid injection port and the reactor bottom (31) of pipeline communication reactor (29), is provided with tensimeter (6), pressure transducer (10) and stop valve (5) on described pipeline; Electronic balance (7) passes through pipeline communication with intermediate receptacle (9), pipeline between electronic balance (7) and intermediate receptacle (9) is provided with constant-flux pump (8), and the pipeline that intermediate receptacle (9) leads to reactor (29) gas injection liquid injection port is provided with tensimeter (6);
Described hydronic system, comprise preheating water tank (15), be arranged on the U-shaped heating tube (32) at reactor (29) gas injection liquid injection port place, and be arranged on the bottom-heated pipe (33) between unidirectional osmosis steel plate (28) and bottom (31), described U-shaped heating tube (32) two ends are respectively by pipeline connection preheating water tank (15), the two ends of described bottom-heated pipe (33) are respectively by pipeline connection preheating water tank (15), in preheating water tank (15), be provided with temperature controller (16) and temp probe (12), preheating water tank (15) exit is provided with water pump (14),
Back pressure control system, comprises N
2gas cylinder (19) and check valve (18), N
2gas cylinder (19) is connected to the aerogenesis mouth on reactor top cover (30) by pipeline, is communicated with N
2gas cylinder (19) is provided with check valve (18) with the pipeline of aerogenesis mouth, and described aerogenesis mouth place is provided with exhausting pipeline, and exhausting pipeline is provided with safety valve (11) and pressure transducer (10);
Described vacuumizing and Separate System of Water-jet, comprise vacuum pump (22) and gas-liquid separator (20), gas-liquid separator (20) is by pipeline communication check valve (18), the bottom of gas-liquid separator (20) is provided with fluid pipeline and stop valve (5), between gas-liquid separator (20) and vacuum pump (22), be provided with drying (21), the pipeline between drying (21) and vacuum pump (22) is provided with tensimeter (6);
Described aerogenesis on-line detecting system is gas chromatograph (23), and gas chromatograph (23) is connected between drying (21) and vacuum pump (22) by pipeline;
Described data acquisition system (DAS), comprise interconnective industrial computer (25) and data acquisition unit (24), described data acquisition unit (24) is connected with temp probe (12), pressure transducer (10), TDR signal picker (17) in simulation test device, described TDR signal picker (17) connects TDR signal probe (13), and described TDR signal probe (13) is fixed in the TDR probe aperture of reactor bottom (31).
2. CO according to claim 1
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator, is characterized in that, it is upper that described reactor (29) is installed on dolly (36), under dolly, roller is installed.
3. CO according to claim 1
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator, is characterized in that, the top cover (30) of described reactor (29) and bottom (31) adopt clip quick-opening structure to fix with reactor (29) main body.
4. CO according to claim 1
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator, is characterized in that, the maximum pressure that described reactor (29) can bear is 25MPa.
5. CO according to claim 1
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator, is characterized in that, the high 350mm of described reactor (29), external diameter 300mm.
6. CO according to claim 6
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator, is characterized in that, the back pressure range of control of check valve (18) is 0～25MPa, and control accuracy is ± 0.1MPa.
7. CO according to claim 6
2replacement exploitation of gas hydrate experiment simulator, is characterized in that, the interior temperature controlling range in constant temperature bathroom (26) is-20～120 DEG C, control accuracy ± 0.1 DEG C.
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