CN103969292A - Testing device and method for comprehensive heat transferring flow of protective slag of continuous casting crystallizer - Google Patents
Testing device and method for comprehensive heat transferring flow of protective slag of continuous casting crystallizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103969292A CN103969292A CN201410233634.1A CN201410233634A CN103969292A CN 103969292 A CN103969292 A CN 103969292A CN 201410233634 A CN201410233634 A CN 201410233634A CN 103969292 A CN103969292 A CN 103969292A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device and method for comprehensive heat transferring flow of protective slag of a continuous casting crystallizer. The method comprises the following steps: a graphite crucible is used for melting the protective slag for continuous casting and keeping the protective slag warm in an electric induction furnace, and ingredients and temperature of the protective slag are uniform and consistent; a positioning electrode is used for calibrating the liquid level of a melting pool, a copper mold for simulating the crystallizer is inserted into a protective slag pool in a molten state under mechanical driving, water is introduced into the copper mold for cooling, and the liquid protective slag is quickly cooled on the copper mold so as to form a protective slag film; a temperature data acquisition system tests process temperature data by four thermoelectric couples in two rows embedded in the copper mold, and the heat transferring flow passing through the protective slag is calculated in real time by a computer; in the whole process, vibration with certain amplitude and frequency of the copper mold can be realized, and the vibration mode of the continuous casting crystallizer in the process of metallurgical production of steel iron can be simulated. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the liquid level of the melting pool can be accurately controlled, the comprehensive heat transferring flow of the protective slag is tested in real time, and the data accuracy is high; the testing process is convenient, stable and reliable, and the experimental cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proving installation and the method for the complex heat transfer performance of continuous crystallizer protecting slag in a kind of steel manufacture process.
Background technology
In casting process, meniscus place is vital place in the initial solidification point of strand---crystallizer because it is the growing point of initial solidification shell, be again various surface imperfection breed ground.In order to improve the surface quality of strand, from continuous casting technology is born, the heat transfer in this region is solidified behavior and has just been subject to attention.
But because being one, this region relates to multicomponent (steel, covering slag, crystallizer); heterogeneous (liquid, solid-state covering slag; molten steel and solidified shell) and unstable state (mold oscillation; molten steel and covering slag constantly supplement) complicated physical and chemical process, brought great difficulty to theoretical analysis and experiment.Crystallizer protecting residue is a kind of material of widespread use in continuous casting of iron and steel process, has adiabatic heat-insulation, prevents molten steel secondary oxidation, absorbs the effect of snotter in molten steel, lubricated and Heat Transfer Control.In casting process, the utilization rate of covering slag reaches more than 80%, and covering slag changes the utilization ratio of slab quality, the energy is produced to significant impact in series such as casting process medium viscosity, thermal conductivity, ore deposit phase, microstructures.
Environment due to extremely harsh in crystallizer: 1500 DEG C of above high temperature, periodically vibration, moment the flowing etc. of unsteady state, make to carry out transient state home position observation for crystallizer meniscus place very difficult.Fig. 1 has provided meniscus place in crystallizer, between molten liquid steel, initial solidification box hat, molten mold flux, recrystallization covering slag, solid slag film, crystallizer copper wall etc., complicated dynamic comprehensive heat transfer process schematic diagram occurs.
At present, the method for carrying out covering slag heat flux measurement both at home and abroad mainly contains several as follows, and the first is clamping plate method (also claiming contact method).Its adopts AlN template die to intend steel billet, heats with SiC heater; Simulate copper mold with water flowing or air cooling SUS304 but; Covering slag is placed on AlN plate, and heating makes its fusing, highly controls the thickness of slag film by controlling SUS304.The advantage of clamping plate method is: can control the also surface temperature of measuring and protecting slag by thermopair, and test the comprehensive hot-fluid under steady state conditions.But shortcoming is: because the covering slag after fusing has mobility, all more difficult control of the amount thickness of covering slag.Simultaneously due to the coefficient of heat conductivity of SUS304 and the difference of copper larger, be difficult to simulate actual production conditions.Second method is casting, and the covering slag of fusing is poured on copper mold, allows its naturally cooling contraction, by being inserted in thermocouple measurement in copper mold by the transient heat flow of copper mold; Settle the interface temperature of thermocouple measurement covering slag and copper mold on copper mold top simultaneously.The advantage of this method is: can measuring and protecting slag by molten condition to the real-time hot-fluid of solidification shrinkage and the interface temperature of covering slag and copper mold, thereby can be calculated the real-time change situation of interface resistance.But its shortcoming is also clearly: cannot record the hot-fluid by copper mold under steady state conditions, simultaneously the uncontrollable covering slag of the method water fluence, and then cannot accurately compare the impact of heterogeneity covering slag on interface resistance.Another heat flux measurement method is infusion process, and it melts covering slag in graphite crucible, then will be connected with chilled water copper mold and immerse in crucible, takes out and has obtained certain thickness slag film; By measuring the turnover temperature of chilled water, can calculate the real-time hot-fluid by copper mold simultaneously.This method operation is simple, and operation more for convenience, simple and direct, can obtain the covering slag (melting layer, crystallizing layer and glassy layer) of three layers of distribution, and experiment condition approaches produces reality.But also there is fatal shortcoming: can only measure instantaneous comprehensive hot-fluid, and cannot measure the hot-fluid under steady state conditions.All method of testings are not all considered the vibration condition of actual production process crystallizer above; therefore need to study a kind of continuous cast mold complex heat transfer heat flux simulation method of testing; by the true and accurate simulation to continuous casting production status condition; especially under vibration condition, the hot-fluid under the instantaneous and steady state conditions of measuring and protecting slag.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is; for prior art deficiency; a kind of continuous crystallizer protecting slag complex heat transfer heat flux measurement device and method is provided; solving in existing Ferrous Metallurgy casting process hot-fluid between molten steel, covering slag, crystallizer can not monitor in real time; the thermokinetics of covering slag in heat transfer process changes a difficult problem that cannot home position observation, reproduces actual working conditions in casting process.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of continuous crystallizer protecting slag complex heat transfer heat flux measurement device, comprise pedestal, on described pedestal, be fixed with induction furnace, liquid level locating support, crystallizer copper mold kinematic system support and vibrational system motor, in described induction furnace, be provided with the graphite crucible for placing continuous crystallizer protecting slag; Described induction furnace top is provided with liquid level keeper electrode and crystallizer copper mold, described liquid level keeper electrode be fixed on can the liquid level locating support that in the vertical direction moves under liquid level positioning motor drives on; Described crystallizer copper mold be fixed on can the crystallizer copper mold kinematic system support that in the vertical direction moves under crystallizer copper mold kinematic system driven by motor on, described in described vibrational system driven by motor, crystallizer copper mold is by the Oscillation Amplitude of setting and vibration frequency vibration, cooling line and the cooling system pipeline connection of described crystallizer copper mold inside; Described liquid level positioning motor, crystallizer copper mold kinematic system motor, vibrational system motor are all electrically connected with computing machine; Described liquid level keeper electrode and described computing machine, direct supply connect to form low-voltage loop; In described graphite crucible, be fixed with thermopair, the thermopair in described graphite crucible is electrically connected with described computing machine; In described crystallizer copper mold, be fixed with at least two temperature sensors, described computing machine is electrically connected with the temperature sensor being fixed in described crystallizer copper mold by Temperature sampler.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing said apparatus test continuous crystallizer protecting slag complex heat transfer hot-fluid, and the method is:
1) in induction furnace, melt the continuous crystallizer protecting slag in 1000 grams of steelmaking processes with graphite crucible, at 1300～1400 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes, continuous crystallizer protecting slag fully melted and composition and the temperature uniformity of continuous crystallizer protecting slag;
2) demarcate graphite crucible liquid level by liquid level keeper electrode, in the time of liquid level keeper electrode contact high temperature liquid level, low-voltage loop is connected, computer recording is the position of liquid level keeper electrode now, and computing machine sends operating instruction according to the positional information of liquid level keeper electrode to crystallizer copper mold kinematic system motor;
3) crystallizer copper mold kinematic system driven by motor crystallizer copper mold kinematic system support moves down, crystallizer copper mold is inserted in the continuous crystallizer protecting slag of molten condition, under the driving of vibrational system motor, crystallizer copper mold is by the amplitude (1-5mm) of setting and (60-300 beat/min) vibration frequently of shaking, and the liquid level that in crystallizer copper mold, the position of the top one row's temperature sensor and liquid level keeper electrode are demarcated remains on same plane; The interior water flowing of crystallizer copper mold is cooling, and liquid continuous crystallizer protecting slag is cooling on crystallizer copper mold, forms flux film;
4) temperature data of the temperature sensor measurement in Temperature sampler Real-time Collection crystallizer copper mold, and pass to computing machine;
5) computing machine is according to formula
calculate by the conductive heat flow of continuous crystallizer protecting slag in real time, wherein,
the conductive heat flow by continuous crystallizer protecting slag,
be the coefficient of heat conductivity of crystallizer copper mold, △ T is the temperature difference between two temperature sensors of each row in crystallizer copper mold, and d is the distance of two temperature sensors of each row in crystallizer copper mold.
In described crystallizer copper mold, be fixed with two row's temperature sensors, two temperature sensors are drawn together in every package; Two row's temperature sensors are set and make temperature test data more accurate, play redundancy effect simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is: the present invention is by the real simulation to continuous casting production status condition, especially the simulation of mold oscillation condition, experiment condition approaches produces reality, can measuring and protecting hot-fluid under the instantaneous and steady state conditions of slag, and the size of interface resistance between slag film and copper mold, bath temperature accurately controlled, bath surface position accurately controlled, the horizontal complex heat transfer heat flow data of test covering slag precision is high, various parameter testing research and the research of covering slag physicochemical property that can carry out crystallizer copper wall, experimentation is convenient, equipment is easy to use, reliable and stable, experimental expenses is lower, solve molten steel in existing Ferrous Metallurgy casting process, covering slag, between crystallizer, hot-fluid can not be monitored in real time, the thermokinetics of covering slag in heat transfer process changes a difficult problem that cannot home position observation, reproduce actual working conditions in casting process, can be used for research, test and evaluation covering slag melt material conduct heat, heat conductivility, and study the parameters such as crystallizer coating material and thickness to the impact of conducting heat, and can be used for the utilization efficiency of heat energy of metallurgical process to make rational evaluation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is continuous cast mold meniscus place horizontal heat transfer schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is conductive heat flow simulated testing system schematic diagram in one embodiment of the invention continuous cast mold;
Fig. 3 is thermopair distributing position figure in crystallizer copper mold;
Fig. 4 is the liquid level keeper electrode circuit theory diagrams of experimental facilities of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the heat flow curve (crystallizer friction condition) that experiment obtains;
Fig. 6 is the heat flow curve (crystallizer has vibration condition) that experiment obtains.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, one embodiment of the invention comprises pedestal 11, on described pedestal 11, be fixed with induction furnace 8, liquid level locating support 5, crystallizer copper mold kinematic system support 2 and vibrational system motor 3, in described induction furnace 8, be provided with the graphite crucible 9 for placing continuous crystallizer protecting slag 10; Described induction furnace 8 tops are provided with liquid level keeper electrode 7 and crystallizer copper mold 6, and described liquid level keeper electrode 7 is fixed on can be under liquid level positioning motor drives on the liquid level locating support 5 that moves of in the vertical direction; Described crystallizer copper mold 6 be fixed on can the crystallizer copper mold kinematic system support 2 that in the vertical direction moves under crystallizer copper mold kinematic system driven by motor on, described vibrational system motor 3 drives described crystallizer copper mold 6 by the Oscillation Amplitude of setting and vibration frequency vibration, and the cooling line of described crystallizer copper mold 6 inside is communicated with cooling system pipeline 4; Described liquid level positioning motor, crystallizer copper mold kinematic system motor, vibrational system motor 3 are all electrically connected with computing machine 1; Described liquid level keeper electrode 7 connects to form low-voltage loop with described computing machine 1, direct supply; In described graphite crucible 9, be fixed with thermopair 13, the thermopair 13 in described graphite crucible 9 is electrically connected with described computing machine 1; In described crystallizer copper mold 6, be fixed with two row's temperature sensors (16 altogether, eight of every rows), described computing machine 1 is electrically connected with the temperature sensor being fixed in described crystallizer copper mold 6 by Temperature sampler 12.
In the present embodiment, continuous crystallizer protecting slag complex heat transfer heat flux measurement method step is as follows:
(1) get 1000 grams of mild carbon steel continuous casting covering slags, being placed in internal diameter is 180mm, in the high purity graphite crucible of high 250mm, is heated to 1400 DEG C makes its fusing in induction furnace with the speed of 10 DEG C/s, 1400 DEG C insulation 30 minutes, make its fully melt and composition and temperature even;
(2) demarcate bath surface by positioning system, positioning system is made up of two high temperature resistant electrodes and a low-voltage loop, when the location, driven by motor electrode moves to molten bath, electrode one touches high temperature liquid level, and circuit is connected, and system is received stop sign, this position is just by system log (SYSLOG), and computing machine sends operating instruction according to positional information to copper mold kinematic system motor;
(3) after having located, the copper mold of simulation crystallizer is driven the protection slag bath that inserts molten condition by machinery by copper mold electric system, copper mold can be under the driving of vibrational system, by the amplitude of setting and the frequency vibration that shakes, the position that is embedded with thermopair in copper mold remains on same plane with the liquid level of positioning system demarcation; The interior water flowing of copper mold is cooling, and liquid covering slag is cooling fast on copper mold, forms flux film;
(4) temperature data collecting system is by 16 the temperature sensor test process temperature datas of two rows that bury in copper mold, and temperature acquisition system can be realized 1000Hz high speed acquisition;
(5) Temperature sampler gather above-mentioned steps 4) in temperature data, pass to computing machine, computing machine is according to formula
calculate by the conductive heat flow of continuous casting covering slag, in formula in real time
the conductive heat flow by continuous casting covering slag,
being the coefficient of heat conductivity of crystallizer copper mold, is 381W/m
2k, △ T is the temperature difference between two temperature sensors in crystallizer copper mold, d is the distance between two temperature sensors in crystallizer copper mold, the heat flow curve that experiment obtains is if Fig. 5 (crystallizer friction condition) is with as shown in Fig. 6 (crystallizer has vibration condition), and the heat flow curve of mold oscillation condition more approaches commercial production condition;
(6) when experiment finishes, copper mold is proposed from molten bath, on copper mold wall, solidify one deck flux film, can, by its microstructure of microscopic examination, carry out the relationship analysis that affects of covering slag crystallization behavior and heat transfer.
Claims (4)
1. a continuous crystallizer protecting slag complex heat transfer heat flux measurement device, comprise pedestal (11), it is characterized in that, on described pedestal (11), be fixed with induction furnace (8), liquid level locating support (5), crystallizer copper mold kinematic system support (2) and vibrational system motor (3), in described induction furnace (8), be provided with the graphite crucible (9) for placing continuous crystallizer protecting slag (10); Described induction furnace (8) top is provided with liquid level keeper electrode (7) and crystallizer copper mold (6), described liquid level keeper electrode (7) be fixed on can the liquid level locating support (5) that in the vertical direction moves under the drive of liquid level positioning motor on; Described crystallizer copper mold (6) be fixed on can the crystallizer copper mold kinematic system support (2) that in the vertical direction moves under crystallizer copper mold kinematic system driven by motor on, described vibrational system motor (3) drives described crystallizer copper mold (6) by the Oscillation Amplitude of setting and vibration frequency vibration, and the inner cooling line of described crystallizer copper mold (6) is communicated with cooling system pipeline (4); Described computing machine (1) is controlled described liquid level positioning motor, crystallizer copper mold kinematic system motor, vibrational system motor (3) operation; Described liquid level keeper electrode (7) connects to form low-voltage loop with described computing machine (1), direct supply; In described graphite crucible (9), be fixed with thermopair (13), the thermopair (13) of described graphite crucible (9) bottom is electrically connected with described computing machine (1); In described crystallizer copper mold (6), be fixed with at least one row's temperature sensor, and every row's temperature sensor comprises two temperature sensors that are positioned in same level, described computing machine (1) is electrically connected with the temperature sensor being fixed in described crystallizer copper mold (6) by Temperature sampler (12).
2. a method of utilizing the device to test continuous crystallizer protecting slag complex heat transfer hot-fluid described in claim 1, is characterized in that, the method is:
1) in induction furnace, melt the continuous crystallizer protecting slag in 1000 grams of steelmaking processes with graphite crucible, at 1300～1400 DEG C, be incubated 30 minutes, continuous crystallizer protecting slag fully melted and composition and the temperature uniformity of continuous crystallizer protecting slag;
2) demarcate graphite crucible liquid level by liquid level keeper electrode, in the time of liquid level keeper electrode contact high temperature liquid level, low-voltage loop is connected, computer recording is the position of liquid level keeper electrode now, and computing machine sends operating instruction according to the positional information of liquid level keeper electrode to crystallizer copper mold kinematic system motor;
3) crystallizer copper mold kinematic system driven by motor crystallizer copper mold kinematic system support moves down, crystallizer copper mold is inserted in the continuous crystallizer protecting slag of molten condition, under the driving of vibrational system motor, crystallizer copper mold is by the amplitude of setting and the frequency vibration that shakes, and the liquid level that in crystallizer copper mold, the position of the top one row's temperature sensor and liquid level keeper electrode are demarcated remains on same plane; The interior water flowing of crystallizer copper mold is cooling, and liquid continuous crystallizer protecting slag is cooling on crystallizer copper mold, forms flux film;
4) temperature data of the temperature sensor measurement in Temperature sampler Real-time Collection crystallizer copper mold, and pass to computing machine;
5) computing machine is according to formula
calculate by the conductive heat flow of continuous crystallizer protecting slag in real time, wherein,
the conductive heat flow by continuous crystallizer protecting slag,
be the coefficient of heat conductivity of crystallizer copper mold, △ T is the temperature difference being positioned in crystallizer copper mold between two temperature sensors of same row, and d is the distance being positioned in crystallizer copper mold between two temperature sensors of same row.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, is fixed with two row's temperature sensors in described crystallizer copper mold.
4. according to the method in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described crystallizer copper mode amplitude is 1-5mm, and shaking is 60-300 beat/min frequently.
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| CN104458040A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-25 | 中南大学 | Method for measuring density and temperature of heat flux of hot side of crystallizer |
| CN105033213A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-11 | 中南大学 | Simulating device for casting blanks in continuous casting chamfering crystallizer and application of simulating device |
| CN105699412A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-22 | 中南大学 | Testing device and testing method for metal rapid solidification heat flow |
| CN106370695A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-02-01 | 华北理工大学 | Continuous casting mold flux film thermal resistance measuring device and method |
| CN106680313A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-17 | 华北理工大学 | Heat flux simulation device of continuous casting mold fluxes |
| CN107622726A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-23 | 中南大学 | Covering slag crystallization and the analogue means and method of Heat transfer in a kind of lower continuous cast mold of electric pulse effect |
| CN108693207A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-10-23 | 中南大学 | The devices and methods therefor of interface heat flux density during metal Sub realizable fuzzy matrix is measured under a kind of control climate |
| CN110018195A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-16 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of nondestructive characterisation (NDC) covering slag slag film heat transfer property |
| CN112536425A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-23 | 中南大学 | Molten steel solidification and casting blank simulation device for continuous casting funnel-shaped crystallizer and use method of molten steel solidification and casting blank simulation device |
| CN113290221A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-24 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Device and method for detecting heat flow of slab continuous casting crystallizer |
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| CN104155329A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-11-19 | 重庆大学 | Continuous casting crystallizer protection slag solidification crystallization property test method |
| CN104266899A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-07 | 中南大学 | Device and method for simulating crack formation of initial solidified blank in continuous casting crystallizer |
| CN104458040A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-03-25 | 中南大学 | Method for measuring density and temperature of heat flux of hot side of crystallizer |
| CN104458040B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-03-22 | 中南大学 | Method for measuring density and temperature of heat flux of hot side of crystallizer |
| CN105033213A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-11 | 中南大学 | Simulating device for casting blanks in continuous casting chamfering crystallizer and application of simulating device |
| CN105699412A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-22 | 中南大学 | Testing device and testing method for metal rapid solidification heat flow |
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| CN106370695B (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2023-12-12 | 华北理工大学 | Device and method for measuring thermal resistance of continuous casting mold flux film |
| CN106370695A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-02-01 | 华北理工大学 | Continuous casting mold flux film thermal resistance measuring device and method |
| CN106680313A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-17 | 华北理工大学 | Heat flux simulation device of continuous casting mold fluxes |
| CN107622726A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-01-23 | 中南大学 | Covering slag crystallization and the analogue means and method of Heat transfer in a kind of lower continuous cast mold of electric pulse effect |
| CN108693207A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-10-23 | 中南大学 | The devices and methods therefor of interface heat flux density during metal Sub realizable fuzzy matrix is measured under a kind of control climate |
| CN108693207B (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-10-20 | 中南大学 | Device and method for measuring interface heat flow density in metal sub-rapid solidification process under atmosphere control |
| CN110018195B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2020-07-31 | 中南大学 | Method for nondestructively representing heat transfer performance of covering slag film |
| CN110018195A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-16 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of nondestructive characterisation (NDC) covering slag slag film heat transfer property |
| CN112536425A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-23 | 中南大学 | Molten steel solidification and casting blank simulation device for continuous casting funnel-shaped crystallizer and use method of molten steel solidification and casting blank simulation device |
| CN113290221A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-24 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Device and method for detecting heat flow of slab continuous casting crystallizer |
| CN113447153A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Temperature measuring device and measuring method in directional solidification process of cold crucible |
| CN113447153B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2024-04-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Temperature measuring device and method in directional solidification process of cold crucible |
| CN115808441A (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-03-17 | 北京科技大学 | Device and method for testing heat transfer performance of metallurgical covering slag |
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