CN105880501B - A kind of method of covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in measurement continuous cast mold - Google Patents

A kind of method of covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in measurement continuous cast mold Download PDF

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CN105880501B
CN105880501B CN201610390744.8A CN201610390744A CN105880501B CN 105880501 B CN105880501 B CN 105880501B CN 201610390744 A CN201610390744 A CN 201610390744A CN 105880501 B CN105880501 B CN 105880501B
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crystallizer
covering slag
slag
temperature
interface resistance
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CN105880501A (en
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王万林
张海辉
龙旭凯
吕培生
罗志灿
肖丹
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Central South University
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Central South University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
    • B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
    • B22D11/182—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by measuring temperature

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold, belong to Ferrous Metallurgy continuous casting technology field.The present invention is based on laboratory room small-sized continuous casting experimental simulation factory continuous casting of iron and steel process；The temperature data of the thermocouple measurement in crystallizer is gathered, and is transmitted to data processing equipment, the temperature data being collected is substituted into Billet mathematical modeling by data processing equipment, calculates the heat flow density q by the hot face each point of crystallizer in real timeintWith the temperature T of the hot face each point of crystallizermld；Then inverse goes out temperature T of the green shell surface along throwing directional spredingshAnd measure along throwing direction diverse location covering slag slag film thickness dm；Then the crystallization temperature T of covering slag is measured againsol；And parameters obtained substitution heat transfer model is obtained into covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance Rint.The present invention can monitor in real time, and acquired results science is accurate, be easy to large-scale industrialization application.

Description

A kind of method of covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in measurement continuous cast mold
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold, belong to steel smelting Golden continuous casting technology field.
Background technology
For continuous crystallizer protecting slag as auxiliary material indispensable in continuous casting process, having prevents the secondary oxygen of molten steel Change, adiabatic heat-insulation, Slag inclusion, Heat Transfer Control, the function of lubrication are absorbed, its performance greatly affects continuous casting process and continuous casting billet Quality.By the vibration of crystallizer, the liquid covering slag on molten steel upper strata is pumped to the sky between crystallizer wall and casting billet surface Gap, forms covering slag slag film, and slag film plays a part of Heat Transfer Control.
Due to rugged environment in crystallizer：More than 1500 DEG C of high temperature, crystallizer periodically vibrate, and moment is unstable Flowing of state etc. so that heat transfer effect of the research covering slag in crystallizer casting process is very difficult.
At present, the domestic and international method for carrying out covering slag Study on Heat Transfer mainly has following several, and the first is clamping plate method. It intends steel billet using A1N template dies, is heated with SiC heaters；Continuous casting crystallining is simulated with the SUS304 of water flowing or air cooling Device；Covering slag is placed on A1N plates, and heating makes its fusing, controls the thickness of slag film by controlling SUS304 highly, and utilize Thermocouple measures the surface temperature of covering slag.Second of method is casting, and the covering slag slag of fusing is poured into crystallizer On, allow its natural cooling to shrink, the transient heat flow for passing through crystallizer by the thermocouple measurement being inserted in crystallizer；Tying simultaneously The interface temperature of brilliant device top placement thermocouple measurement covering slag and crystallizer.Another method is infusion process, and it is by covering slag Melted in graphite crucible, then the crystallizer for being connected with cooling water is immersed in crucible, takes out obtained certain thickness slag film； Simultaneously by measuring the disengaging temperature of cooling water, the real time heat flux by crystallizer can be calculated.
Above-mentioned method all departing from the casting process of reality, have ignored mold oscillation, casting blank solidification shrinks, covering slag Infiltration process, covering slag and steel grades etc. influence.Therefore the gained testing result of above-mentioned method can confidence level be relatively low.Separately Outer above-mentioned method is also without the correlation method for providing measurement covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, disclose covering slag and crystallizer interface heat in a kind of measurement continuous cast mold The method of resistance.
The present invention is based on laboratory room small-sized continuous casting of iron and steel simulated experiment, with reference to the actual working conditions in casting process, solution Certainly interface resistance is difficult to the problem of measurement.
A kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold of the present invention, comprises the steps：
Step 1
Based on laboratory room small-sized continuous casting experimental simulation factory continuous casting of iron and steel process；Gather the thermocouple measurement in crystallizer Temperature data, and it is transmitted to data processing equipment；
Step 2
The temperature data being collected is substituted into Billet mathematical modeling by data processing equipment, calculates pass through crystallization in real time The heat flow density q of the hot face each point of deviceintWith the temperature T of the hot face each point of crystallizermld；
Step 3
Cut initial solidification green shell after testing and measure thickness of the green shell along throwing direction, utilize shell thickness, molten steel The thermal conduction study physical function parameter of cast temperature and steel (density, thermal capacitance, thermal conductivity factor and heat content) inverse goes out green shell surface along drawing The temperature T of base directional spredingsh；
Step 4
The covering slag slag film solidified completely after experiment is cut to measure along throwing direction diverse location covering slag slag film thickness dm；
Step 5
Measure the crystallization temperature T of covering slagsol；
Step 6
By crystallizer heat flow density qint, crystallizer surface temperature Tmld, green shell surface temperature Tsh, covering slag crystallization temperature TsolWith covering slag slag film thickness dmSubstitute into heat transfer model and obtain covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance Rint。
Heretofore described Temperature sampler is preferably thermocouple.
Data processing equipment is preferably computer in the present invention, and the equipment of other energy processing datas is used equally for this hair certainly It is bright.
A kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold of the present invention, in step 1, the company Casting experiment, using solidification simulation device (ZL201110301430.3) in continuous cast mold, sets continuous casting parameter, the parameter Including vibration frequency, Oscillation Amplitude, pouring temperature, firing test device, continuous casting experiment is carried out according to the parameter of setting；Institute State the actual vibration frequency of continuous crystalizer when vibration frequency is 1-5Hz, preferably commercial Application；Oscillation Amplitude is 1-6mm, poured Note 10-50 DEG C of the liquidus temperature above that temperature is steel.
A kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold of the present invention, in step 2, the knot In brilliant device, along short transverse (throwing direction), in the crystallizer wall in the hot face of vertical mold in vertical section, two groups of heat are installed Galvanic couple, first group of thermocouple are arranged on same vertical curve；Between first group of thermocouple and the hot face of crystallizer corresponding to it Provided with second group of thermocouple, second group of thermocouple can not be on same vertical curve in a kind of measurement continuous cast mold of the present invention The method of covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance, two groups of thermocouples, first group of thermocouple are arranged on same vertical curve； Second group of thermocouple is provided between one group of thermocouple and the hot face of crystallizer corresponding to it, second group of thermocouple can not be in same A kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold of the present invention on vertical curve, it is described in step 2 qintFor along throwing direction, two heat extraction galvanic couples the heat flow density set of each point on the parallel hot face of crystallizer；The TmldAlong throwing Direction, two heat extraction galvanic couples the temperature set of each point on the parallel hot face of crystallizer.
A kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold of the present invention, it is described in step 2 Mathematical Model of Heat Transfer is Two-Dimensional Heat mathematical modeling.It is preferably 2DIHCP for mold heat flux in industrial applications The data that software (registration number 2016SR067373) processing collects.
A kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold of the present invention, in step 3, pass through Green shell surface is solved along throwing directional spreding using indirect problem algorithm Levenberg-Marquardt method algorithms are solidified Temperature Tsh；.The solidification indirect problem algorithm Levenberg-Marquardt method algorithms are referring to Kei Okamoto's 《OPTIMAL NUMERICAL METHODS FOR INVERSE HEAT CONDUCTION ANDINVERSE DESIGN SOLIDIFICATION PROBLEMS》The 21-33 pages.
A kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold of the present invention, it is described in step 4 Covering slag slag film is：After solidification of molten steel is shrunk to green shell, the space that liquid covering slag is penetrated between green shell and crystallizer cools down Slag film after solidification；The slag film thickness dmFor along throwing direction, the data acquisition system of diverse location covering slag slag film thickness.
A kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold of the present invention, in step 5, pass through SHTT is tested, and measures the crystallization temperature T of covering slagsol.Wherein the cooling rate of liquid covering slag by calculating in real time in step 2 The temperature T of the hot face each point of crystallizer arrivedmldDetermine, take the T of each pointmldThe average for the speed that changes with time is crystallizer heat The average cooling rate in face, the covering slag cooling velocity in crystallizer are equal with the average cooling rate in the hot face of crystallizer. In SHTT experiments, the cooling velocity of liquid covering slag is a definite value in 5-30K/s, preferably 10K/s.
A kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold of the present invention, it is described in step 6 Mathematical Model of Heat Transfer is as follows：
In step 6, the mathematical Model of Heat Transfer is as follows：
Rint=Rtot-(Rl+Rs) (1)
Covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance R in formula (1)intEqual to entire thermal resistance between green shell surface and the hot face of crystallizer Subtract the entire thermal resistance of covering slag slag film, i.e. Solidified Flux Film thermal resistance RsWith liquid slag film resistance Rl；
Wherein RtotEntire thermal resistance q between crystallizer/strand；Its expression formula is
Liquid slag film resistance RlTried to achieve by formula (3), k in formula (4)eFor Solidified Flux Film apparent thermal conductivity, dsThen need Formula (5), formula (6) and formula (7) simultaneous solution
Wherein RlcFor liquid covering slag thermal-conduction resistance, 1/hlrThermal resistance, k are radiated for liquid covering slagslFor liquid slag heat conduction system Number, εshFor the emissivity of strand, εcryFor crystalline state covering slag emissivity, m is reflection factor, σBFor Stefan-Boltzmann Constant；
Wherein ke、ksl、εsh、εcry、m、σBIt is the heat transfer physical parameter of covering slag；For known parameters；It can pass through inquiry Instructive manuals or document are drawn.
TssTemperature for slag film close to crystallizer cold end, dsFor solid-state covering slag slag film thickness, dlIt is thick for liquid covering slag Degree.
Advantage
Compared with prior art, advantage for present invention is：The present invention is by the true of continuous casting working condition Real simulation, the especially simulation of mold oscillation condition, experiment condition can measure the real-time and steady of crystallizer close to produce reality Hot-fluid under the conditions of state, and can combine and survey that experimental data calculates covering slag slag film and the interface resistance of crystallizer is big It is small.Due to combining actual continuous casting condition, one kind provided by the invention measures covering slag and crystallization in continuous cast mold The method of device interface resistance, its result are accurately reliable.
Brief description of the drawings
The position of thermocouple of accompanying drawing 1, flux film distribution and shell growth diagrammatic cross-section
Accompanying drawing 2 is the heat flow density q of crystallizer hot face diverse location in throwing direction in embodiment 1int
Accompanying drawing 3 is the temperature T of crystallizer hot face each point in throwing direction in embodiment 1mld；
Accompanying drawing 4 is throwing direction shell thickness and covering slag slag film thickness d in embodiment 1m；
Accompanying drawing 5 is along throwing direction green shell surface temperature T in embodiment 1sh；
The interface resistance R that it is throwing direction diverse location covering slag and crystallizer in embodiment 1 that accompanying drawing 6, which is,int；
As can be seen from Figure 1 the arrangement mode of thermocouple, crystallizer, Solidified Flux Film, liquid slag film and green shell it is relative Position, and the direction of throwing.A, B, C, D are the boundary conditions of Two-Dimensional Heat mathematical modeling in Fig. 1.As shown in figure 1, throwing side The z-axis direction into as figure
2DIHCP for mold heat flux software (registration numbers are utilized as can be seen from Figures 2 and 3 2016SR067373) calculate the heat flow density q for solving the obtained hot face diverse location of throwing direction crystallizerintWith throwing direction The temperature T of the hot face each point of crystallizermld。
The thickness of throwing direction green shell and covering slag slag film thickness d as can be seen from Figure 4m。
The base solved as can be seen from Figure 5 using solidifying required by indirect problem Levenberg-Marquardt method algorithms Temperature T of the shell surface along throwing directional spredingsh。
Fig. 6 is the interface resistance R for the covering slag and crystallizer being finally calculated using mathematical Model of Heat Transferint。
Embodiment
In this example, the method for covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold is measured, its step is as follows：
1st, using continuous cast mold initial solidification analogue means (ZL201110301430.3), laboratory room small-sized continuous casting is carried out Experimental simulation factory continuous casting of iron and steel process.Continuous casting parameter is set, the parameter is as shown in table 1；Made in the experimentation Steel is ultra-low-carbon steel, and it is into being respectively in table 2；Protection slag ingredient used is as shown in table 3.
The Oscilation Parameters of Mold of table 1 and pouring temperature
Molten steel cast temperature (DEG C) Vibration frequency (Hz) Casting speed (mm/s) Stroke (mm)
1555 2.03 10 6
The ultra-low-carbon steel composition (wt%) of table 2
C Si Mn P S
0.0011 0.004 0.107 0.0093 0.0048
The covering slag composition (wt%) of table 3
CaO SiO2 Al2O3 MgO Na2O Li2O F Basicity
36 37.5 6 3 6.5 0.5 6 0.96
2nd, Temperature sampler gathers the temperature data of the thermocouple measurement in crystallizer in real time, and is transmitted to computer, wherein The mounting arrangement mode of thermocouple is as shown in Figure 1
3rd, the temperature data being collected is substituted into crystallizer Two-Dimensional Heat mathematical modeling 2DIHCP for mold by computer Heat flux softwares, the heat flow density q by crystallizer is calculated in real timeintWith crystallizer surface temperature Tmld, result of calculation is as schemed 2nd, shown in Fig. 3；
4th, cut initial solidification green shell after testing and measure thickness of the green shell along throwing direction, institute's thickness measuring degrees of data is as schemed Shown in 4, using shell thickness, molten steel cast temperature and steel thermal conduction study physical function parameter (density, thermal capacitance, thermal conductivity factor and Heat content) inverse goes out temperature T of the green shell surface along throwing directional spredingsh, as shown in Figure 5；
5th, the covering slag slag film measurement covering slag slag film thickness d solidified completely after experiment is cutm, institute's thickness measuring degrees of data is as schemed Shown in 4；
6th, liquid covering slag continuous cooling experiment (SHTT experiments) is carried out, the cooling velocity of covering slag is approximately etc. in experiment It is 100K/s in the fall off rate of casting blank surface temperature, measures the obtained crystallization temperature T of covering slagsolFor 1050 DEG C；
7th, by crystallizer heat flow density qint, crystallizer surface temperature Tmld, green shell surface temperature Tsh, covering slag crystallization temperature TsolWith covering slag slag film thickness dmSubstitute into heat transfer heat transfer model and obtain covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance Rint, it is final to calculate knot Fruit is as shown in Figure 6.Up to now much the method for calculating interface resistance is all to solve for the average boundary between covering slag and crystallizer Face thermal resistance, and as can be seen from Figure 6 covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance RintThe change of diverse location on the hot face of crystallizer Trend, it can be solved using a kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold disclosed in this patent Along the variant position respective interface thermal resistance R in throwing direction on the hot face of crystallizerintExact value, in addition this measuring method combine Actual working condition, acquired results are more applicable for the actual continuous casting process technology of factory, have suitable accuracy and can By property.

Claims (5)

  1. A kind of 1. method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold, it is characterised in that including following steps Suddenly：
    Step 1
    Based on laboratory room small-sized continuous casting experimental simulation factory continuous casting of iron and steel process；Gather the temperature of the thermocouple measurement in crystallizer Data, and it is transmitted to data processing equipment；
    Step 2
    The temperature data being collected is substituted into Billet mathematical modeling by data processing equipment, is calculated in real time by crystallizer heat The heat flow density q of face each pointintWith the temperature T of the hot face each point of crystallizermld；
    Step 3
    Cut initial solidification green shell after testing and measure thickness of the green shell along throwing direction, utilize shell thickness, molten steel to cast The density of temperature and molten steel, green shell surface edge is solved using indirect problem algorithm Levenberg-Marquardt method are solidified The temperature T of throwing directional spredingsh；
    Step 4
    The covering slag slag film solidified completely after experiment is cut to measure along throwing direction diverse location covering slag slag film thickness dm；It is described Covering slag slag film is, after solidification of molten steel is shrunk to green shell, the space that liquid covering slag is penetrated between green shell and crystallizer cools down Slag film after solidification；The slag film thickness dmFor along throwing direction, the data acquisition system of diverse location covering slag slag film thickness；
    Step 5
    Tested by SHTT, measure the crystallization temperature T of covering slagsol；
    Step 6
    By crystallizer heat flow density qint, crystallizer surface temperature Tmld, green shell surface temperature Tsh, covering slag crystallization temperature TsolWith Covering slag slag film thickness dmSubstitute into heat transfer model and obtain covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance Rint；The heat transfer model is as follows：
    Rint=Rtot-(Rl+Rs) (1)
    Covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance R in formula (1)intSubtracted equal to entire thermal resistance between green shell surface and the hot face of crystallizer The entire thermal resistance of covering slag slag film, i.e. Solidified Flux Film thermal resistance RsWith liquid slag film resistance Rl；
    Wherein RtotFor the entire thermal resistance between crystallizer/strand；Its expression formula is
    Liquid slag film resistance RlTried to achieve by formula (3), k in formula (4)eFor Solidified Flux Film apparent thermal conductivity, dsThen need formula (5), formula (6) and formula (7) simultaneous solution
    Wherein RlcFor liquid covering slag thermal-conduction resistance, 1/hlrThermal resistance, k are radiated for liquid covering slagslFor liquid slag thermal conductivity factor, εshFor the emissivity of strand, εcryFor crystalline state covering slag emissivity, m is reflection factor, σBIt is normal for Stefan-Boltzmann Number；
    Wherein ke、ksl、εsh、εcry、m、σBIt is the heat transfer physical parameter of covering slag；For known parameters；
    dsFor solid-state covering slag slag film thickness.
  2. 2. a kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold according to claim 1, its It is characterised by：In step 1, the continuous casting experiment, using solidification simulation device in continuous cast mold, continuous casting parameter, institute are set Stating parameter includes vibration frequency, Oscillation Amplitude, pouring temperature, firing test device, continuous casting is carried out according to the parameter of setting Experiment；10-50 DEG C of the liquidus temperature above that the vibration frequency is 1-5Hz, Oscillation Amplitude 1-6mm, pouring temperature are steel.
  3. 3. a kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold according to claim 1, its It is characterised by：In step 2, in the crystallizer, two heat extraction galvanic couples are installed along throwing direction；The two heat extractions galvanic couple is parallel In the hot face of crystallizer.
  4. 4. a kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold according to claim 3, its It is characterised by：In step 2, the qintFor along throwing direction, two heat extraction galvanic couples the hot-fluid of each point on the parallel hot face of crystallizer Density set；The TmldFor along throwing direction, two heat extraction galvanic couples the temperature set of each point on the parallel hot face of crystallizer.
  5. 5. a kind of method for measuring covering slag and crystallizer interface resistance in continuous cast mold according to claim 1, its It is characterised by：In step 2, the mathematical Model of Heat Transfer is Two-Dimensional Heat mathematical modeling.
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CN106370695B (en) * 2016-11-03 2023-12-12 华北理工大学 Device and method for measuring thermal resistance of continuous casting mold flux film
EP3379217A1 (en) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-26 ABB Schweiz AG Method and device for determining a temperature distribution in a mould plate for a metal-making process
CN107643316B (en) * 2017-09-14 2019-09-17 中南大学 A kind of quick solidification and heat transfer performance comprehensive test device and test method
CN107737900B (en) * 2017-10-27 2019-05-03 中南大学 A kind of method of air gap layer pattern in acquisition continuous cast mold
CN107755648B (en) * 2017-10-27 2019-08-27 中南大学 A kind of method of covering slag slag film resistance in measurement continuous cast mold
CN111957917B (en) * 2020-09-17 2022-05-03 贵州理工学院 Device and method for obtaining continuous casting mold flux solidified slag film

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