CN103962584B - Liquid nitrogen internal combustion numerical control drilling milling machine main shaft device - Google Patents
Liquid nitrogen internal combustion numerical control drilling milling machine main shaft device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103962584B CN103962584B CN201410182721.9A CN201410182721A CN103962584B CN 103962584 B CN103962584 B CN 103962584B CN 201410182721 A CN201410182721 A CN 201410182721A CN 103962584 B CN103962584 B CN 103962584B
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- main shaft
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- blind rivet
- hard tube
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
- B23Q11/1038—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work using cutting liquids with special characteristics, e.g. flow rate, quality
- B23Q11/1053—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work using cutting liquids with special characteristics, e.g. flow rate, quality using the cutting liquid at specially selected temperatures
Abstract
Liquid nitrogen internal combustion numerical control drilling milling machine main shaft device of the present invention belongs to main shaft of numerical control machine tool design field, relates to one and circulates liquid nitrogen until pore ejection near hollow blade cutting edge by main shaft inner chamber, realize the numerical control drilling milling machine main shaft device of deep cooling sub-zero machining.Liquid nitrogen internal combustion main shaft device is by spindle assemblies, and liquid nitrogen heat-insulated pipe assembly, blind rivet assembly forms.Main shaft in spindle assemblies is hollow shape, and two bearings in liquid nitrogen heat-insulated pipe assembly are set with on two bearing adapter sleeves, and two clamp nuts are threaded onto on two bearing adapter sleeve conical surface external screw threads respectively.In blind rivet assembly, two bevel gear symmetries are installed in cutter link two outer circle hole, are moved by the rotation of inside groove ball and restrictive axial; Vacuum insulation hard tube is formed by inside and outside two groups of steel pipe combination.The arrangement increases machining accuracy and the tool life of hard-cutting material, reduce liquid nitrogen loss, expanded labyrinth work pieces process scope, can be used for the processing of different working condition, practical.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to main shaft of numerical control machine tool design field, relate to one and circulate liquid nitrogen until pore ejection near hollow blade cutting edge by main shaft inner chamber, realize the numerical control drilling milling machine main shaft device of deep cooling sub-zero machining.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern manufacturing industry, utilize Digit Control Machine Tool Precision Machining difficult-to-machine material, parts with complex structures very general, the importance of precision processing technology highlights day by day.Digit Control Machine Tool, as manufacturing important equipment, is also encountered by the opportunities and challenges of New Times.Improve Digit Control Machine Tool machining accuracy stability, working (machining) efficiency, reducing tool wear is the key point improving Digit Control Machine Tool product quality, enhance one's market competitiveness.And domination number controlled machine cutting temperature problem becomes the key of its development.Cutting fluid is then control cutting temperature and improve the important means of cutting environment.Cutting fluid comprises the large kind of water base and oil base two, but for the Precision Machining of difficult-to-machine material, the cooling method of conventional cutting liquid does not reach the requirement of precision cutting.Utilize material physical chemistry character under low temperature, can change material cutting ability by deep cooling sub-zero machining, the application of liquid nitrogen cutting fluid can reach difficult-to-machine material precision cutting, extend the object of cutter life.
For numerical control machine tool cutting liquid system, liquid nitrogen feed liquid way formally can be divided into external spraying type and the large class of internal combustion two, and wherein external spraying type is current major way.External spraying type liquid nitrogen liquid-supplying system and machine tool chief axis are separately independently, and in machine cut district Tool in Cutting simultaneously, liquid nitrogen is sprayed on and is cut surface of the work by external nozzle.Although this mode structure is simple, be easy to build, in order to prevent nozzle to the interference effect of cutting edge, nozzle is distant from cutting face, have impact on the cooling effect of liquid nitrogen.In addition, for labyrinth workpiece, the nozzle of separation and cutter conveniently can not be worked in coordination with and be entered inner cutting region, and nozzle can not effective feed flow, have impact on cutting effect and liquid nitrogen utilization rate, does not reach the requirement of precision cutting.Shanghai Electric Power Station Equipment Co, original internal combustion cutting fluid axis system develops the inner cooling structure of cutting tool comprising machine tool chief axis, blade row sleeve and cutter, and applied for domestic patent, application number 201020515879, denomination of invention: inner cooling structure of cutting tool.This device effectively can improve the quality of tool sharpening product, the wearing and tearing reducing cutter, prolongation cutting-tool's used life, increase work efficiency, but this device can only using conventional cutting fluid as cooling fluid, the requirement not reaching difficult processing cutting material, ensure cutting precision, improve cutter life.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is the deficiency overcoming above-mentioned built-in conventional cutting liquid system, invent a kind of high-precision numerical control machine liquid nitrogen internal combustion main shaft device, this device can realize spray function in liquid nitrogen cutting fluid cutter, reduce nozzle and cutting region distance, improve processing work scope and liquid nitrogen utilization rate, practical, adopt universal numerical control Machine Spindle Design theory, thus ensure that the standardization of main axle structure and parts design, the generalization of cutter, and the seriation of later stage institute's development equipment.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: liquid nitrogen internal combustion numerical control drilling milling machine main shaft device, is characterized in that, main shaft device by spindle assemblies, liquid nitrogen heat-insulated pipe assembly, blind rivet assembly form; Wherein:
Main shaft 1.1 in spindle assemblies is hollow shape, two bearings 2.3 in liquid nitrogen heat-insulated pipe assembly are set with on two bearing adapter sleeves 2.4, two clamp nuts 2.2 are threaded onto on two bearing adapter sleeve 2.4 conical surface external screw threads respectively, then are arranged on shoulder face, main shaft 1.1 centre bore two ends by bearing 2.3 outer ring respectively by the sub-assembly of these two bearing adapter sleeves 2.4; Vacuum insulation hard tube 2.1 is inserted by main shaft right-hand member hole, through two bearing adapter sleeves 2.4, and make vacuum insulation hard tube 2.1 be in the axial location determined, utilize clamp nut 2.2 internal thread and bearing adapter sleeve 2.4 external screw thread to screw, bearing adapter sleeve 2.4 is fixed on vacuum insulation hard tube 2.1 fixed position; Vacuum insulation hard tube 2.1 is formed by inside and outside two groups of steel pipe combination, and cavity between the two does application of vacuum, and has filled the vacuum insulation hard tube filler 2.5 of thermal-insulation function.
In blind rivet assembly, two bevel gear 3.8 symmetries are installed in cutter link 3.6 two outer circle hole, are moved by inside groove ball 3.9 rotation and restrictive axial, and two bevel gears 3.8 are fixed with cutter link 3.6 by screw and gland 3.7; Be inserted in turn by blind rivet 3.1 left end by separated two the same model bearings 3.4 of bearing washer 3.5 and bevel gear 3.3, be finally inserted in clamp nut 3.2, and itself and blind rivet 3.1 external thread rotary are fastened; Two sealing rings 3.10 are installed in blind rivet 3.1 right-hand member internal bore groove, and blind rivet end cap 3.11 is secured by bolts on blind rivet 3.1 right side; Above-mentioned blind rivet assembly is loaded in cutter link 3.6 endoporus by bearing 3.4 outer ring on the right side of cutter link 3.6; Two bevel gears 3.8 are meshed with bevel gear 3.3, and cutter link 3.6 is bolted on main shaft 1.1 front end face, and the front end of vacuum insulation hard tube 2.1 is inserted in the hole of blind rivet 3.1 through sealing ring 3.10.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows the difficult problem solving existing external spraying type liquid nitrogen cutting fluid device labyrinth workpiece liquid nitrogen inconvenience conveying, eliminate the defect that liquid nitrogen utilization rate is low; Solve the problem that common built-in cutting fluid system realizes interior hydrojet nitrogen cutting fluid, ensure that the machining accuracy of machine tooling difficult-to-machine material, improve the Digit Control Machine Tool range of work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-main axle structure figure, wherein: 1.1-main shaft, 1.2-front support bearing, 1.3-rack sleeve, 1.4-rear support bearing, 1.5-packing ring, 1.6-bearing clamp nut, 1.8-synchronous pulley key, 1.7-synchronous pulley, 1.9-Timing Belt clamp nut, 1.10-bearing gland, 1.11-main spindle box, 2.1-vacuum insulation hard tube, 2.2-clamp nut, 2.3-bearing, 2.4-bearing adapter sleeve, 2.5-vacuum insulation hard tube filler, 3.1-blind rivet, 3.2-clamp nut, 3.3-bevel gear, 3.4-bearing, 3.5-bearing washer, 3.6-cutter link, 3.7-gland, 3.8-bevel gear, 3.9-ball, 3.10-sealing ring, 3.11-blind rivet end cap.
Fig. 2-liquid nitrogen transfer pipeline figure, wherein: 1-Dewar tank, 2-low-temperature solenoid valve, 3-cryogenic flow adjustable valve, 4-vacuum heat-insulating hose, 5-low temperature hose-rigid pipe joint, 6-support, 7-vacuum insulation hard tube, 8-main spindle box, 9-cutter link, 10-handle of a knife.
Detailed description of the invention
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail: Digit Control Machine Tool liquid nitrogen internal combustion feed liquid method transforms machine tool chief axis below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and technical scheme, cutting fluid system and machine tool chief axis are integrated, liquid nitrogen is carried the through hollow main shaft inner chamber of vacuum insulation hard tube, be connected with hollow blind rivet, blind rivet is connected with hollow blade knife bar again, and liquid nitrogen is sprayed by pore near Tool in Cutting sword.Within nozzle and cutting face distance can reach 1mm, during liquid nitrogen ejection, major part is also in liquid state, improves liquid nitrogen utilization rate, controls cutting region instantaneous temperature by controlling liquid nitrogen flow.The merging of cutting fluid system and main shaft, makes the precision cutting of labyrinth workpiece lumen liquid nitrogen cryogenics become possibility.But the connection harmony of the high-speed rotary main shaft in this device and the adiabatic hard tube of stationary vacuum, pipeline movable sealing, blind rivet handle of a knife connected mode and heat insulation effect have a great impact this device reliability service and cutting region feed flow effect.
In order to realize liquid nitrogen internal combustion main shaft under the prerequisite ensureing main shaft precision; liquid nitrogen cooling can be sprayed again to cutting material surface; improve workpiece cutting ability; performance requiring, in Fig. 1, vacuum insulation hard tube 2.1 will ensure minimum liquid nitrogen amount of leakage with the movable sealing of blind rivet 3.1 and blind rivet and handle of a knife point of attachment; ensure the expulsion pressure that cutter micropore is enough; ensure that blind rivet can normally tool changing under cryogenic freezing condition, need the movable sealing effect of point of attachment to reach certain requirement.Vacuum insulation hard tube 2.1 is formed by inside and outside two groups of steel pipe combination, wherein, and logical liquid nitrogen in tubule, extra heavy pipe is sleeved on tubule outside, and keeps coaxial, and closed at both ends leaves joint, simultaneously cavity between the two does application of vacuum, and has filled the vacuum insulation hard tube filler 2.5 of thermal-insulation function.
Main shaft device in accompanying drawing 1 by spindle assemblies, liquid nitrogen heat-insulated pipe assembly, blind rivet assembly form; Spindle assemblies is fixed on main spindle box, other devices are arranged on spindle assemblies successively, before and after in spindle assemblies, spring bearing 1.2,1.4 cylindrical is installed in main spindle box 1.11 bearing block, inner circle is arranged on main shaft 1.1 liang of axle journals, centre rack sleeve 1.3 limits axial location, and two ends bearing clamp nut 1.6 and bearing gland 1.10 are fixed; With packing ring 1.5 interval between two rear support bearings 1.4; Front and back bearings gland 1.10 is bolted on main spindle box, and synchronous pulley 1.7 is connected with main shaft by synchronous pulley key 1.8, and Motor torque is passed to main shaft, and end face is fixed on main shaft by Timing Belt clamp nut 1.9, as shown in Figure 1.
Structurally require that the axle journal line of centres is as benchmark before and after main shaft, other as vacuum insulation hard tube, blind rivet and rotating tool axis all with this center line for benchmark on the same axis, guarantee cutter rotating accuracy, prevent cutter radial from beating, reduce mismachining tolerance, the implementation method concrete steps of employing are as follows:
1, before and after main shaft 1.1 diameter of axle line of centres as main shaft rotation center line and position baseline, cutter link 3.6 end face and main shaft 1.1 end plane-plane contact, simultaneously the conical surface contacts with main shaft 1.1 taper hole face, realizes locating, and reaches axiality requirement;
2, blind rivet 3.1 cylindrical and bearing 3.4 inner circle interference fits, the shaft shoulder and bearing end plane-plane contact, cylindrical with cutter link 3.6 inner hole surface interference fits and bearing face contact with cutter link 3.6 endoporus shaft shoulder face, realize blind rivet 3.1 and the requirement of cutter link 3.6 axiality;
3, the handle of a knife conical surface in toolbox contacts with cutter link 3.6 taper hole face, and both ends of the surface contact simultaneously, realized location, and reached axiality requirement;
4, vacuum insulation hard tube 2.1 relies on the two bearings 2.3 keeping axiality with main shaft 1.1, reaches and the requirement of main shaft 1.1 axiality;
5, sealing ring 3.10 inner circle with insert vacuum insulation hard tube 2.1 left end tubule external diameter wherein and fit tightly, realize movable sealing, and with minimally gap, blind rivet 3.1 hole.
This device mode of operation is as follows:
1, as shown in Figure 1, drive the bevel gear 3.3 be meshed to drive blind rivet 3.1 to rotate by turn-knob bevel gear 3.8, lift knife bar moves axially, and reaches tension cutter object; Turn-knob bevel gear 3.8 drives the bevel gear 3.3 be meshed to drive blind rivet 3.1 to rotate simultaneously in the other direction, promotes knife bar and moves in cutter head direction vertically, reach the object of dismounting cutter;
2, spindle motor drives synchronous pulley 1.7 through belt pulley, and by synchronous pulley key 1.8, moment of torsion is passed to main shaft 1.1, main shaft 1.1 passes to machine tool through cutter link 3.6;
3, except bearing 2.3 outer ring in liquid nitrogen heat-insulated pipe assembly is with except spindle assemblies rotation, in this assembly, other parts keep inactive state;
4, in Fig. 2, liquid nitrogen exports after Cryo Heat Insulation flexible pipe 4, low-temperature solenoid valve 2, cryogenic flow adjustable valve 3 by Dewar tank 1, import in vacuum insulation hard tube 7 by the low temperature hose-rigid pipe joint 5 on the support 6 be arranged on main spindle box 8, and enter main shaft inner chamber, enter in hollow handle of a knife 10 by cutter link 9 afterwards, finally sprayed by cutting tool insert pore.
The present invention improves the cutting ability of hard-cutting material labyrinth workpiece, eliminates liquid nitrogen external spraying type cutting fluid system for the interference effect of machine cut labyrinth workpiece, improves cutting precision.Adopt internal combustion liquid nitrogen delivery system, cooling for cut synchronism is good, liquid nitrogen utilization rate is high, with low cost, easy to use.This device can be effectively for main shaft of numerical control machine tool cutwork, realizes the high-quality and efficient machining of difficult-to-machine material representative workpiece.
Claims (1)
1. liquid nitrogen internal combustion numerical control drilling milling machine main shaft device, is characterized in that, main shaft device by spindle assemblies, liquid nitrogen heat-insulated pipe assembly, blind rivet assembly form; Wherein:
Main shaft (1.1) in spindle assemblies is hollow shape, two bearings (2.3) in liquid nitrogen heat-insulated pipe assembly are set with on two bearing adapter sleeves (2.4), two clamp nuts (2.2) are threaded onto on two bearing adapter sleeve (2.4) conical surface external screw threads respectively, and two bearing adapter sleeves (2.4) are arranged on shoulder face, main shaft (1.1) centre bore two ends respectively; Be inserted into the vacuum insulation hard tube (2.1) of spindle hole, through two bearing adapter sleeves (2.4), screwed by clamp nut (2.2) internal thread and bearing adapter sleeve (2.4) external screw thread, bearing adapter sleeve (2.4) is fixed on vacuum insulation hard tube (2.1) fixed position; Vacuum insulation hard tube (2.1) is formed by inside and outside two groups of steel pipe combination, and cavity between the two does application of vacuum, and is filled with the vacuum insulation hard tube filler (2.5) of thermal-insulation function;
In blind rivet assembly, two bevel gears (3.8) symmetry is installed in cutter link (3.6) two outer circle hole, moved by inside groove ball (3.9) rotation and restrictive axial, two bevel gears (3.8) are fixed with cutter link (3.6) by screw and gland (3.7); Be inserted in turn by blind rivet (3.1) left end by separated two the same model bearings (3.4) of bearing washer (3.5) and bevel gear (3.3), clamp nut (3.2) is finally installed, and itself and blind rivet (3.1) external thread rotary are fastened; Two sealing rings (3.10) are installed in blind rivet (3.1) right-hand member internal bore groove, and blind rivet end cap (3.11) is secured by bolts on blind rivet (3.1) right side; Above-mentioned blind rivet assembly is loaded in cutter link (3.6) endoporus by bearing (3.4) outer ring along cutter link (3.6) right side; Two bevel gears (3.8) are meshed with bevel gear (3.3), cutter link (3.6) is bolted on main shaft (1.1) front end face, and the front end of vacuum insulation hard tube (2.1) is inserted in the hole of blind rivet (3.1) through sealing ring (3.10).
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| CN201410182721.9A CN103962584B (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Liquid nitrogen internal combustion numerical control drilling milling machine main shaft device |
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| CN201410182721.9A CN103962584B (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Liquid nitrogen internal combustion numerical control drilling milling machine main shaft device |
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| CN103962584B true CN103962584B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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| CN108406430B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2019-09-27 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of ultralow temperature medium internal combustion numerically-controlled machine tool |
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| JP3268495B2 (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2002-03-25 | ホーコス株式会社 | Spindle device of machine tool |
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| JP4846410B2 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2011-12-28 | シチズンホールディングス株式会社 | Spindle head device and machine tool |
| CN201309096Y (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2009-09-16 | 武汉重型机床集团有限公司 | Boring bar main-shaft belt inner-cooling automatic broach mechanism |
| CN201792025U (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2011-04-13 | 上海电气电站设备有限公司 | Inner cooling structure of cutting tool |
| CN102962766A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2013-03-13 | 东南大学 | Super-speed precision motorized spindle structure for grinding small-diameter deep hole |
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