CN103962550A - Alloy powder for laser cladding and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Alloy powder for laser cladding and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses alloy powder for laser cladding. The alloy powder comprises dissimilar metal powder and highly viscous liquid fluxing agents. The dissimilar metal powder comprises the following components, by mass percent, 0.01% to 0.05% of C, 0.3% to 0.8% of Si, 0.7% to 1.2% of Cr, 1% to 5% of Ni, 0.5% to 0.9% of Mo, 0.08% to 0.6% of Nb, 13% to 7% of A, 0.1% to 0.3% of Zr, 0.05% to 0.15% of Ti, and the balance Fe. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the alloy powder for laser cladding. The alloy powder for laser cladding is good in weldability and high in viscosity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser melting and coating technique field, particularly, relate to a kind of alloy powder for laser melting coating and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Laser melting and coating technique refers to places the alloy coating material of selecting on coated matrix surface in different filler modes, make it to melt with matrix surface skim through laser irradiation simultaneously, and it is extremely low and become the face coat of metallurgical binding with matrix material after rapid solidification, to form dilution factor, thereby significantly improve the process of wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting, anti-oxidant and opering characteristic of electric apparatus of substrate material surface etc.In this technical process, the melting on the interface of base material of the alloy powder of interpolation, and be mixed into and mix adhered layer with the substrate material of partial melting, the therefore adhibit quality between base material and alloy coating material, directly affects coating result.
Because laser melting coating can obtain having the metal material of multifrequency nature, but also can replace the high-valency metal that is not easy to buy.Laser melting coating is compared with existing plasma metallizing (plasmametallizing) technique and arc welding (arc welding) technique in addition, the heat needing is few, can carry out local heat treatment, therefore can reduce to greatest extent the distortion of base material.Especially because noncontact technique, thus the intervention of foreign matter be there is not, and can realize automation.
In laser melting and coating process, alloy powder is to be injected on base material according to default feed speed by powder feeding device.
The common alloy powder for laser melting coating has, stellite (stellite), inconel (inconel), Fe-Cr-Ni-B alloy, Fe-Cr-C-X alloy and copper alloy etc.
But, the solderability of the existing alloy powder for laser melting coating is poor, and viscosity is lower, if control the jet velocity of the gas nozzle of the anti-oxidation being used in conjunction with while injecting alloy powder in bad laser melting and coating process, alloy powder easily disperses, and is difficult to carry out meticulous coating.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the solderability of the existing alloy powder for laser melting coating is poor, and viscosity is lower.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of alloy powder for laser melting coating, comprise dissimilar metal powder and high viscosity liquid flux, described dissimilar metal powder comprises the composition of following mass percent: C0.01～0.05%, Si0.3～0.8%, Cr0.7%～1.2%, Ni1%～5%, Mo0.5%～0.9%, Nb0.08%～0.6%, Al3%～7%, Zr0.1%～0.3%, Ti0.05～0.15%, all the other are Fe.
Further: the quality percentage composition of described dissimilar metal powder is 50～60%, the quality percentage composition of described high viscosity liquid flux is 40%～50%.
Further: described dissimilar metal powder comprises the composition of following mass percent: C0.01%, Si0.80%, Cr0.70%, Ni5.0%, Mo0.50%, Nb0.08%, Al7.0%, Zr0.10%, Ti0.15%, all the other are Fe; Or, C0.05%, Si0.30%, Cr1.20%, Ni1.0%, Mo0.90%, Nb0.60%, Al3.0%, Zr0.30%, Ti0.05%, all the other are Fe; Or, C0.027%, Si0.70%, Cr0.75%, Ni4.3%, Mo0.71%, Nb0.12%, Al5.9%, Zr0.14%, Ti0.12%, all the other are Fe; Or, C0.034%, Si0.57%, Cr0.85%, Ni3.8%, Mo0.69%, Nb0.37%, Al4.6%, Zr0.19%, Ti0.09%, all the other are Fe; Or, C0.045%, Si0.42%, Cr0.98%, Ni1.9%, Mo0.57%, Nb0.51%, Al4.1%, Zr0.26%, Ti0.06%, all the other are Fe.
Further: described for high viscosity liquid flux be AMCO446 flux.
Further: the viscosity of the described alloy powder for laser melting coating is 0.0001～0.0003m
2/ sec.
The present invention will solve to such an extent that another technical problem is that the solderability of the alloy powder that obtains of the preparation method of the existing alloy powder for laser melting coating is poor, and viscosity is lower.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of the alloy powder for laser melting coating, comprise: prepare dissimilar metal powder according to the composition of following mass percent: C0.01～0.05%, Si0.3～0.8%, Cr0.7%～1.2%, Ni1%～5%, Mo0.5%～0.9%, Nb0.08%～0.6%, Al3%～7%, Zr0.1%～0.3%, Ti0.05～0.15%, all the other are Fe; Described dissimilar metal powder and high viscosity liquid flux are mixed to get to the described alloy powder for laser melting coating.
Further, the preparation method of described dissimilar metal powder is melting-inert gas atomizer method, comprising: by the described dissimilar metal powder mixing under argon shield 1300～1500 DEG C of meltings and be incubated the liquation that obtains described dissimilar metal powder for 12～18 hours; By the liquation atomization of described dissimilar metal powder, the medium of described atomization is argon gas, and the pressure of described atomization is 4.5MPa; By levigate the described dissimilar metal powder after the described atomization described dissimilar metal powder that obtains granularity≤100 μ m.
Further, the device of described melting is medium frequency induction melting furnace, and the device of described atomization is tundish.
Further: be 50～60% according to the quality percentage composition of described dissimilar metal powder, the ratio that the quality percentage composition of described high viscosity liquid flux is 40%～50% is mixed, and described high viscosity liquid flux is AMCO446 flux.
Further: the temperature of described mixing is 17～20 DEG C, the time of described mixing is 15～20 minutes.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, the alloy powder for laser melting coating of the present invention has that better solderability is poor and viscosity is higher.
2, the preparation method of the alloy powder for laser melting coating of the present invention can prepare and has the alloy powder that better solderability is poor and viscosity is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to understand better the present invention, describe technical scheme in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of dissimilar metal powder is melting-inert gas atomizer method, concrete steps are as follows: close very much dissimilar metal powder: C0.01%, Si0.80%, Cr0.70%, Ni5.0%, Mo0.50%, Nb0.08%, Al7.0%, Zr0.10%, Ti0.15% according to following mass ratio, all the other are Fe.By the dissimilar metal powder mixing under argon shield 1300 DEG C of meltings and be incubated the liquation that obtains described dissimilar metal powder for 18 hours.By the liquation atomization of dissimilar metal powder, the medium of atomization is argon gas, and the pressure of atomization is 4.5MP.By levigate the dissimilar metal powder after the atomization dissimilar metal powder that obtains granularity≤100 μ m.
By dissimilar metal powder and high viscosity liquid flux AMCO446 flux (U.S.'s wlding and the American Solder & amp of solder flux company; Flux Co., InC.) be mixed to get the alloy powder for laser melting coating.Wherein, the quality percentage composition of dissimilar metal powder is 57%, and the content of high viscosity liquid flux is 43%.The temperature of mixing is 18 DEG C, and the time of mixing is 19 minutes.
The viscosity of measuring the alloy powder for laser melting coating preparing by Hagen-poiseille equation is 0.00017m
2/ sec.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of dissimilar metal powder is melting-inert gas atomizer method, concrete steps are as follows: close very much dissimilar metal powder: C0.05%, Si0.30%, Cr1.20%, Ni1.0%, Mo0.90%, Nb0.60%, Al3.0%, Zr0.30%, Ti0.05% according to following mass ratio, all the other are Fe.By the dissimilar metal powder mixing under argon shield 1370 DEG C of meltings and be incubated the liquation that obtains described dissimilar metal powder for 16 hours.By the liquation atomization of dissimilar metal powder, the medium of atomization is argon gas, and the pressure of atomization is 4.5MP.By levigate the dissimilar metal powder after the atomization dissimilar metal powder that obtains granularity≤100 μ m.
Dissimilar metal powder and high viscosity liquid flux AMCO446 flux are mixed to get to the alloy powder for laser melting coating.Wherein, the quality percentage composition of dissimilar metal powder is 60%, and the content of high viscosity liquid flux is 40%.The temperature of mixing is 17 DEG C, and the time of mixing is 20 minutes.
The viscosity of measuring the alloy powder for laser melting coating preparing by Hagen-poiseille equation is 0.0001m
2/ sec.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of dissimilar metal powder is melting-inert gas atomizer method, concrete steps are as follows: close very much dissimilar metal powder: C0.027%, Si0.70%, Cr0.75%, Ni4.3%, Mo0.71%, Nb0.12%, Al5.9%, Zr0.14%, Ti0.12% according to following mass ratio, all the other are Fe.By the dissimilar metal powder mixing under argon shield 1500 DEG C of meltings and be incubated the liquation that obtains described dissimilar metal powder for 12 hours.By the liquation atomization of dissimilar metal powder, the medium of atomization is argon gas, and the pressure of atomization is 4.5MP.By levigate the dissimilar metal powder after the atomization dissimilar metal powder that obtains granularity≤100 μ m.
Dissimilar metal powder and high viscosity liquid flux AMCO446 flux are mixed to get to the alloy powder for laser melting coating.Wherein, the quality percentage composition of dissimilar metal powder is 53%, and the content of high viscosity liquid flux is 47%.The temperature of mixing is 20 DEG C, and the time of mixing is 15 minutes.
The viscosity of measuring the alloy powder for laser melting coating preparing by Hagen-poiseille equation is 0.00025m
2/ sec.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of dissimilar metal powder is melting-inert gas atomizer method, concrete steps are as follows: close very much dissimilar metal powder: C0.034%, Si0.57%, Cr0.85%, Ni3.8%, Mo0.69%, Nb0.37%, Al4.6%, Zr0.19%, Ti0.09% according to following mass ratio, all the other are Fe.By the dissimilar metal powder mixing under argon shield 1400 DEG C of meltings and be incubated the liquation that obtains described dissimilar metal powder for 15 hours.By the liquation atomization of dissimilar metal powder, the medium of atomization is argon gas, and the pressure of atomization is 4.5MP.By levigate the dissimilar metal powder after the atomization dissimilar metal powder that obtains granularity≤100 μ m.
Dissimilar metal powder and high viscosity liquid flux AMCO446 flux are mixed to get to the alloy powder for laser melting coating.Wherein, the quality percentage composition of dissimilar metal powder is 50%, and the content of high viscosity liquid flux is 50%.The temperature of mixing is 18 DEG C, and the time of mixing is 17 minutes.
The viscosity of measuring the alloy powder for laser melting coating preparing by Hagen-poiseille equation is 0.0003m
2/ sec.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of dissimilar metal powder is melting-inert gas atomizer method, concrete steps are as follows: close very much dissimilar metal powder: C0.045%, Si0.42%, Cr0.98%, Ni1.9%, Mo0.57%, Nb0.51%, Al4.1%, Zr0.26%, Ti0.06% according to following mass ratio, all the other are Fe.。By the dissimilar metal powder mixing under argon shield 1450 DEG C of meltings and be incubated the liquation that obtains described dissimilar metal powder for 16 hours.By the liquation atomization of dissimilar metal powder, the medium of atomization is argon gas, and the pressure of atomization is 4.5MP.By levigate the dissimilar metal powder after the atomization dissimilar metal powder that obtains granularity≤100 μ m.
Dissimilar metal powder and high viscosity liquid flux AMCO446 flux are mixed to get to the alloy powder for laser melting coating.Wherein, the quality percentage composition of dissimilar metal powder is 55%, and the content of high viscosity liquid flux is 45%.The temperature of mixing is 18 DEG C, and the time of mixing is 19 minutes.
The viscosity of measuring the alloy powder for laser melting coating preparing by Hagen-poiseille equation is 0.0002m
2/ sec.
The high viscosity liquid flux of selecting in embodiment 1～5 can prevent the oxidation of alloy powder and base material in laser cladding process, improves sticking effect, and prevents the overheated of base material and liquid flux, can maintain good sticking effect.This high viscosity liquid flux need to meet low-temperature working condition, therefore needs to select low-temperature welding liquid flux AMCO446 flux.
In embodiment 1～5, the viscosity of preparation is 0.0001～0.0003m
2/ sec.If viscosity coefficient exceedes above-mentioned scope, viscosity is excessive, makes to carry alloy powder to be not easy; If lower than above-mentioned scope, be not easy to apply the base material bottom with inclined plane.
The alloy powder for laser melting coating that embodiment 1～5 is prepared carries out, after laser melting coating, the column obtaining being carried out to experimental test to mine hydraulic support column, and its result is as shown in table 1.Wherein solderability adopts carbon equivalent empirical equation to obtain:
W=w (C)+1/6[w (Mn)]+1/5[w (Cr)+w (Mo)+w (V)]+1/15[w (Ni)+w (Cu)], wherein w represents the quality percentage composition of every kind of composition.Wherein, in the time of w<0.4%～0.6%, weldability is good.
Performance after table 1 mine hydraulic support column cladding alloy powder
| Embodiment | Cladding layer intensity/MPa | HRC hardness | Salt-fog resistant time/h | Solderability | Percentage elongation |
| 1 | 350 | 46 | 96 | 0.58％ | 12％ |
| 2 | 370 | 47 | 102 | 0.46％ | 14％ |
| 3 | 385 | 50 | 100 | 0.60％ | 13％ |
| 4 | 410 | 55 | 110 | 0.59％ | 18％ |
| 5 | 382 | 51 | 103 | 0.48％ | 15％ |
As can be seen from the above table, use the above-mentioned alloy powder for laser melting coating, it is sprayed on base material with uniform speed, can paste and mix with base material entry material better, improve the cladding layer effect of laser melting coating, effect high-strength, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, that solderability is good and percentage elongation is high that this cladding layer has.
The raising of C content makes solderability variation, therefore, the quality percentage composition of C is controlled to 0.01～0.05%.Cladding layer intensity, HRC hardness are improved in the raising of Si content and salt-fog resistant time increases, but can make solderability variation, therefore, the quality percentage composition of Si is controlled to 0.3～0.8%.Cladding layer intensity, HRC hardness are improved in the raising of Cr content and salt-fog resistant time increases, and can reduce impact flexibility but Cr content is high, therefore, the quality percentage composition of Cr is controlled to 0.7%～1.2%.The raising of Ni content improves cladding layer intensity and salt-fog resistant time increases, and still, Ni content height easily makes cladding layer occur crack, therefore, the quality percentage composition of Ni is controlled to 1%～5%.The raising of Mo content improves cladding layer intensity, HRC hardness, and salt-fog resistant time increases and percentage elongation becomes large, and still, Mo content is high can reduce non-oxidizability, therefore, the quality percentage composition of Mo is controlled to 0.5%～0.9%.The raising salt-fog resistant time of Al content increases, and can reduce intensity but Al content is high, therefore, the content of Al is controlled to 3%～7%.Nb can crystal grain thinning, improves wearability (being HRC hardness) and anti-red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) erosion performance, and still, the high solderability variation that makes of Nb content, therefore, is controlled at 0.08%～0.6% by the content of Nb.Zr can suppress recrystallization and the grain growth of alloy, improve wearability (being HRC hardness), and improve welding performance, but Zr price is higher, therefore, the content of Zr is controlled to 0.1%～0.3%.The raising of Ti content improves cladding layer intensity, and solderability improves, and can reduce toughness but Ti content is high, therefore, the content of Ti is controlled to 0.05～0.15%.
Also find by embodiment 1～5, in the time that the content of C increases, the content of Si reduces, and the total content of C and Si is between 0.35%～0.81 time, and this properties relevant to laser melting coating of alloy powder that is used for laser melting coating is all better.
Above embodiment is only exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is not used in restriction the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.Those skilled in the art can, in essence of the present invention and protection domain, make various amendments or be equal to replacement the present invention, this amendment or be equal to replacement and also should be considered as dropping in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the alloy powder for laser melting coating, it is characterized in that, comprise dissimilar metal powder and high viscosity liquid flux, described dissimilar metal powder comprises the composition of following mass percent: C0.01～0.05%, Si0.3～0.8%, Cr0.7%～1.2%, Ni1%～5%, Mo0.5%～0.9%, Nb0.08%～0.6%, Al3%～7%, Zr0.1%～0.3%, Ti0.05～0.15%, all the other are Fe.
2. the alloy powder for laser melting coating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the quality percentage composition of described dissimilar metal powder is 50～60%, and the quality percentage composition of described high viscosity liquid flux is 40%～50%.
3. the alloy powder for laser melting coating according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described dissimilar metal powder comprises the composition of following mass percent:
C0.01%, Si0.80%, Cr0.70%, Ni5.0%, Mo0.50%, Nb0.08%, Al7.0%, Zr0.10%, Ti0.15%, all the other are Fe; Or,
C0.05%, Si0.30%, Cr1.20%, Ni1.0%, Mo0.90%, Nb0.60%, Al3.0%, Zr0.30%, Ti0.05%, all the other are Fe; Or,
C0.027%, Si0.70%, Cr0.75%, Ni4.3%, Mo0.71%, Nb0.12%, Al5.9%, Zr0.14%, Ti0.12%, all the other are Fe; Or,
C0.034%, Si0.57%, Cr0.85%, Ni3.8%, Mo0.69%, Nb0.37%, Al4.6%, Zr0.19%, Ti0.09%, all the other are Fe; Or,
C0.045%, Si0.42%, Cr0.98%, Ni1.9%, Mo0.57%, Nb0.51%, Al4.1%, Zr0.26%, Ti0.06%, all the other are Fe.
4. the alloy powder for laser melting coating according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described for high viscosity liquid flux be AMCO446 flux.
5. the alloy powder for laser melting coating according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the viscosity of the described alloy powder for laser melting coating is 0.0001～0.0003m
2/ sec.
6. for a preparation method for the alloy powder of laser melting coating, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Prepare dissimilar metal powder according to the composition of following mass percent: C0.01～0.05%, Si0.3～0.8%, Cr0.7%～1.2%, Ni1%～5%, Mo0.5%～0.9%, Nb0.08%～0.6%, Al3%～7%, Zr0.1%～0.3%, Ti0.05～0.15%, all the other are Fe;
Described dissimilar metal powder and high viscosity liquid flux are mixed to get to the described alloy powder for laser melting coating.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described dissimilar metal powder is melting-inert gas atomizer method, comprising:
By the described dissimilar metal powder mixing under argon shield 1300～1500 DEG C of meltings and be incubated the liquation that obtains described dissimilar metal powder for 12～18 hours;
By the liquation atomization of described dissimilar metal powder, the medium of described atomization is argon gas, and the pressure of described atomization is 4.5MPa;
By levigate the described dissimilar metal powder after the described atomization described dissimilar metal powder that obtains granularity≤100 μ m.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the device of described melting is medium frequency induction melting furnace, and the device of described atomization is tundish.
9. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: be 50～60% according to the quality percentage composition of described dissimilar metal powder, the ratio that the quality percentage composition of described high viscosity liquid flux is 40%～50% is mixed, and described high viscosity liquid flux is AMCO446 flux.
10. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the temperature of described mixing is 17～20 DEG C, and the time of described mixing is 15～20 minutes.
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Address after: 271200 Shandong city of Xintai province Tai'an City Xindong town new road three Applicant after: Shandong Manufacturing Co., Ltd again of energy refitting big nation of group Address before: Tai'an City, Shandong Province town of 271222 east of Xintai new road three Applicant before: Shandong Energy Machinery Group Dazu Remanufacturing Co.,Ltd. |
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| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: SHANDONG ENERGY MACHINERY GROUP HAN S REMANUFACTURING CO., LTD. TO: SHANDONG ENERGY HEAVY EQUIPMENT GROUP DAZU REMANUFACTURING CO., LTD. Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 271222 TAIAN, SHANDONG PROVINCE TO: 271200 TAIAN, SHANDONG PROVINCE |
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