CN105562932A - Method for carrying out lap-jointing on laser cladding composite coating by adopting friction-stir welding technology - Google Patents
Method for carrying out lap-jointing on laser cladding composite coating by adopting friction-stir welding technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN105562932A CN105562932A CN201610127512.3A CN201610127512A CN105562932A CN 105562932 A CN105562932 A CN 105562932A CN 201610127512 A CN201610127512 A CN 201610127512A CN 105562932 A CN105562932 A CN 105562932A
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- cladding layer
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- cladding
- stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out lap-jointing on a laser cladding composite coating by adopting a friction-stir welding technology. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a to-be-clad material by adopting a sol-gel method, and placing the prepared to-be-clad material on the surface of a to-be-treated material to form a cladding layer, wherein the to-be-treated material is a base material which is an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, a titanium alloy or stainless steel; and welding the cladding layer with the base material by adopting the friction-stir welding technology, and carrying out laser radiation on the welded cladding layer and the base material. The method for improving the laser cladding composite coating by adopting the friction-stir welding technology can promote a metal melt component and the cladding layer to be uniform in structure, has certain effect of removing gas and inclusion in metal melt after stirring, and plays an important role in refining crystals, improving the alloy metallurgical quality, and relaxing and relieving thermal stress of a laser cladding layer. The method realizes metallurgical bonding of the cladding layer and materials between the base layer and the cladding layer, so that a non-porous micro structure with fine crystalline grains, and the cladding layer with a controlled coating thickness and good mechanical performance can be obtained.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of friction stir welding overlap joint laser melting coating composite coating.
[background technology]
Laser melting and coating technique refers to the coating material placing selection in different filler modes on coated matrix surface, make it to melt with matrix surface skim through laser irradiation simultaneously, and after rapid solidification, form the face coat that dilution factor is extremely low, become metallurgical binding with matrix material, thus significantly improve the process of the wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting, anti-oxidant of substrate material surface and electrical characteristic etc.But at multiple elements design alloy as in the laser cladding process of self-fluxing alloyed powder, carbide composite powder, self-adhesive composite powder and oxide ceramic powder etc., in molten bath, inconsistent and other poor properties of each component element density does not make laser cladding layer occur hard skewness and thickly cause crack defect and pore in cladding layer.
Press the addition manner of coating material at present, the process of laser melting coating mainly contains fore-put powder method and synchronous powder feeding system method two kinds.Fore-put powder method is that the material that will apply is preset in metal surface by methods such as plating, chemical plating, plasma spraying and manual adhesive, then irradiates cladding through laser; Synchronous powder feeding system method is sprayed directly on to by powder on mobile molten bath that laser emission formed, the disposable formation of coating.
The crack defect of laser melting coating ceramic on metal layer is from the eighties in last century until present research work never stopped.Although also achieving progress in varying degrees, failing all the time effectively to be solved.Thus the practical application of laser melting coating cermet coating is limited.Laser melting coating is with a wide range of applications in industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, chemical industry, machinery, iron and steel.But until now, still there are some problems in laser cladding layer particularly laser melting coating ceramic on metal layer, and one of them subject matter is the crack problem in cladding layer.Crack problem is the most thorny issue in laser melting coating in a word, is also to restrict the biggest obstacle that laser melting coating moves towards practical at present.Current document there is the process of laser melting coating miscellaneous, but Laser Cladding Treatment function singleness, laser melting coating is a dynamic fusion process, pool size is little, not only there is phenomenon of Heat, and there is convection current, quality transmission etc., they directly affect the macro morphology in molten bath, segregation, the uniformity of microstructure and composition and other Physical Metallurgy performances.
[summary of the invention]
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of friction stir welding to overlap the method for laser melting coating composite coating.Both can obtain the tiny microscopic structure of atresia, crystal grain and can control coating layer thickness, the tool performance cladding layer realized, can realize again large-area laser cladding composite coating face.
The present invention is achieved in that
A method for friction stir welding overlap joint laser melting coating composite coating, comprises the steps:
Step one: adopt sol-gel process preparation to treat cladding material, specifically comprise:
With silicon alkoxide or silicon halide for raw material, using alcohol or ketone as solvent, add acid or alkali as catalyst, colloidal sol is formed by silicon alkoxide or the halid hydrolysis of silicon, polycondensation process, multiple elements design bronze end is added in colloidal sol, form gel through super-dry after being prepared into film or block, be uniformly mixed into pasty state or paste, obtain and treat cladding material;
Step 2: what step one prepared treats that cladding material is positioned over pending material surface and forms cladding layer; Described pending material, i.e. base material is aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy or stainless steel;
Step 3: adopt agitating friction welding technology by described molten coating and described base material seam, specifically comprise:
Milling machine High Rotation Speed stirring-head is utilized to screw in cladding layer, base material is arrived at through cladding layer, the shoulder of described stirring-head and cladding layer powder surface close contact rotate and produce frictional heat, the effect of squeezing forging is produced when adding that stirring-head is advanced, to make in whipping process temperature lower than melting temperature, do not reach base material melting welding point, cladding layer dusty material produces sever plastic flow phenomenon by base material with the mode seam of stirring.
Step 4: laser irradiates.
Further, described multiple elements design bronze end is wherein two kinds or the two or more combination in nickel-based self-fluxing alloy, cobalt base self-fluxing alloy, Fe-based self-fluxing alloy, carbide composite powder, self-adhesive composite powder, oxide ceramic powder.
The invention has the advantages that: the present invention is with the method for agitating friction skill upgrading laser melting coating composite coating, can promote that metal bath composition and microstructure of surface cladding layer are even, simultaneously after stirring to the gas got rid of in metal bath, field trash have certain effect and can refinement brilliant and improve alloy metallurgy quality and have thermal stress that is lax and that alleviate laser cladding layer to produce important function; The present invention realizes the metallurgical binding of the storeroom between cladding layer and basic unit, cladding layer, obtains the tiny microscopic structure of atresia, crystal grain and can control coating layer thickness, the tool performance cladding layer realized; The present invention can realize large-area laser cladding composite coating face, must expensive equipment process, saves cost.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
The invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 adopts agitating friction welding technology by the structural representation of molten coating and base material seam in the present invention.
[detailed description of the invention]
A method for friction stir welding overlap joint laser melting coating composite coating, comprises the steps:
Step one: adopt sol-gel process preparation to treat cladding material, specifically comprise:
With silicon alkoxide or silicon halide for raw material, using alcohol or ketone as solvent, add acid or alkali as catalyst, colloidal sol is formed by silicon alkoxide or the halid hydrolysis of silicon, polycondensation process, multiple elements design bronze end is added in colloidal sol, form gel through super-dry after being prepared into film or block, be uniformly mixed into pasty state or paste, obtain and treat cladding material;
Step 2: what step one prepared treats that cladding material is positioned over pending material surface and forms cladding layer; Described pending material, i.e. base material is aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy or stainless steel;
Step 3: adopt agitating friction welding technology by described molten coating and described base material seam, specifically comprise:
As shown in Figure 1, milling machine High Rotation Speed stirring-head 1 is utilized to screw in cladding layer 2, base material 3 is arrived at through cladding layer 2, shoulder 11 and the cladding layer 2 powder surface close contact of described stirring-head 1 rotate and produce frictional heat, the effect of squeezing forging is produced when adding that stirring-head 1 is advanced, make temperature in whipping process lower than melting temperature, not reach base material 3 melting welding point, cladding layer 2 dusty material produces sever plastic flow phenomenon by base material 3 with the mode seam of stirring.
Step 4: laser irradiates.
Laser irradiate each parameter and condition as shown in table 1.
Table 1:
| Numbering | Parameter | Condition 1 | Condition 2 | Condition 3 |
| A | Argon gas air blowing angle | Side-blown (60 degree) | Just blow (90)+blow side (60) | |
| B | Peak power (W) | 800 | 900 | 1000 |
| C | Pulse frequency (Hz) | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| D | Pulse width (MS) | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
| E | Focal position (mm) | +2 | 0 | -2 |
| F | Speed of welding (mm/min) | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| G | Gas pressure (Mpa) | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
| H | Pulse recurrence rate | 1 | 5 | 10 |
Wherein, multiple elements design bronze end is wherein two kinds or the two or more combination in nickel-based self-fluxing alloy, cobalt base self-fluxing alloy, Fe-based self-fluxing alloy, carbide composite powder, self-adhesive composite powder, oxide ceramic powder.
The powder systems that carbide composite powder system is made up of as Binder Phase carbide hard phase and metal or alloy is divided into the series such as (Co, Ni)/WC and (NiCr, NiCrAl)/Cr3C2; The type of self-adhesive composite powder is divided into the series such as self-adhesive tungsten carbide, self-adhesive stainless steel, self-adhesive aluminium bronze, self-adhesive steel alloy; Oxide ceramic powder is aluminium oxide and zirconia two series.
The present invention is with the method for agitating friction skill upgrading laser melting coating composite coating, can promote that metal bath composition and microstructure of surface cladding layer are even, simultaneously after stirring to the gas got rid of in metal bath, field trash have certain effect and can refinement brilliant and improve alloy metallurgy quality and have thermal stress that is lax and that alleviate laser cladding layer to produce important function; The present invention realizes the metallurgical binding of the storeroom between cladding layer and base material, obtains the tiny microscopic structure of atresia, crystal grain and can control coating layer thickness, the tool performance cladding layer realized; The present invention can realize large-area laser cladding composite coating face, must expensive equipment process, saves cost.
The foregoing is only better enforcement use-case of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a method for friction stir welding overlap joint laser melting coating composite coating, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step one: adopt sol-gel process preparation to treat cladding material, specifically comprise:
With silicon alkoxide or silicon halide for raw material, using alcohol or ketone as solvent, add acid or alkali as catalyst, colloidal sol is formed by silicon alkoxide or the halid hydrolysis of silicon, polycondensation process, multiple elements design bronze end is added in colloidal sol, form gel through super-dry after being prepared into film or block, be uniformly mixed into pasty state or paste, obtain and treat cladding material;
Step 2: what step one prepared treats that cladding material is positioned over pending material surface and forms cladding layer; Described pending material, i.e. base material is aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy or stainless steel;
Step 3: adopt agitating friction welding technology by described molten coating and described base material seam, specifically comprise:
Milling machine High Rotation Speed stirring-head is utilized to screw in cladding layer, base material is arrived at through cladding layer, the shoulder of described stirring-head and cladding layer powder surface close contact rotate and produce frictional heat, the effect of squeezing forging is produced when adding that stirring-head is advanced, to make in whipping process temperature lower than melting temperature, do not reach base material melting welding point, cladding layer dusty material produces sever plastic flow phenomenon by base material with the mode seam of stirring.
Step 4: laser irradiates.
2. the method for a kind of friction stir welding overlap joint laser melting coating composite coating as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described multiple elements design bronze end is wherein two kinds or two or more combinations in nickel-based self-fluxing alloy, cobalt base self-fluxing alloy, Fe-based self-fluxing alloy, carbide composite powder, self-adhesive composite powder, oxide ceramic powder.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN108411298A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-17 | 中北大学 | A kind of method of laser melting coating nano metal composite coating |
| CN110023024A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2019-07-16 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | The manufacturing method of constructed of aluminium component |
| CN111215829A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-02 | 重庆工商大学 | Repair method for friction stir welding assisted laser cladding pump impeller blade |
| CN112846093A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 泉州市双发五金制品有限公司 | Valve cover integrated forming process of indoor fire hydrant and rotary hydrant |
| CN113512725A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-19 | 广东工业大学 | Method for preparing multi-metal-based coating by compounding plasma cladding and friction stir welding on steel surface and prepared coating |
| CN115415550A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-02 | 重庆理工大学 | Laser material increase system and method beneficial to continuous liquid interface forming |
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| CN108411298A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-17 | 中北大学 | A kind of method of laser melting coating nano metal composite coating |
| CN108411298B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-11-29 | 中北大学 | A kind of method of laser melting coating nano metal composite coating |
| CN111215829A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-02 | 重庆工商大学 | Repair method for friction stir welding assisted laser cladding pump impeller blade |
| CN111215829B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2022-02-11 | 重庆工商大学 | Repair method for friction stir welding assisted laser cladding pump impeller blade |
| CN112846093A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 泉州市双发五金制品有限公司 | Valve cover integrated forming process of indoor fire hydrant and rotary hydrant |
| CN113512725A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-19 | 广东工业大学 | Method for preparing multi-metal-based coating by compounding plasma cladding and friction stir welding on steel surface and prepared coating |
| CN115415550A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-02 | 重庆理工大学 | Laser material increase system and method beneficial to continuous liquid interface forming |
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