CN103956573B - A kind of preparation method of radar protective cover - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of radar protective cover Download PDF

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CN103956573B
CN103956573B CN201410213964.4A CN201410213964A CN103956573B CN 103956573 B CN103956573 B CN 103956573B CN 201410213964 A CN201410213964 A CN 201410213964A CN 103956573 B CN103956573 B CN 103956573B
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protective cover
radar
substrate
preparation
metal layer
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CN103956573A (en
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钱苗根
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HUZHOU TIAHE AUTOMOBILE PART Co Ltd
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HUZHOU TIAHE AUTOMOBILE PART Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the early warning system device initiatively crashproof for automobile, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of radar protective cover.The present invention comprises step successively: pre-treatment: gained substrate is carried out dedusting and cleans; Thermoprint: cover the region that plating nano-metal layer is wanted in next procedure, then thermoprint or be printed with chromatograph on substrate; First time plating: adopt the region of magnetron sputtering method or vacuum vapour deposition non-thermoprint or printing around described nonferrous layer to be coated with nanometer indium alloy layer, forms the nano metal layer that thickness is 5-50nm; Then spraying forms coating protection layer, and face is coated with or Vacuum Deposition forms reinforced layer.The metal ingredient of radar protective cover nano metal layer prepared by the present invention is selected and each coating mating reaction; the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster; almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, and reach heavy metal ion zero discharge.

Description

A kind of preparation method of radar protective cover
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of early warning system device initiatively crashproof for automobile, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of radar protective cover.
Background technology
Traffic accident brings huge disaster, and research shows, the traffic accident of more than 80% is caused by driver's reaction not in time.Automobile primary automatic collsion avoidance system provides warning message to driver in time before traffic hazard occurs, and the action such as cruise active, slowing-down brake can be carried out to automobile, relative to the passive anti-collision facility of automobile in the past, significantly reduce traffic safety hidden danger, reduce the harm that traffic accident brings.
Consider the factor such as orientation angles, signal strength signal intensity, trailer-mounted radar is generally all arranged on inside the medicephalic car mark of car and locates.Common car mark only has good mark effect, but can not be used as the protective cover of trailer-mounted radar, this is because general metal material or electroplating surface metal layer, all can make the millimeter wave of radar emission that serious decay occurs, or can not back and forth through car mark.
Prior art is a kind of radome for vehicle radar system and manufacture method thereof as patent EP1750329A1 discloses, first contact-making surface of this radome is provided with insulation lens, the insulation lens in radome are arranged on the contact-making surface of radome by bonding connection or welding manner.This patent is mainly used in solving existing vehicle radar system and takes up room large problem.
Patent CN1838482B provides a kind of for the metallic luster layer decorative molded article in the course of the beam of radar installations, comprise the matrix be made up of transparent resin layer, be arranged on the tin on the back side of this matrix and/or tin alloy layers, and be arranged on the decoration enamelled coating on the back side of this tin and/or tin alloy layers.Formed products described in this patent has the fine metal design of the tones such as similar chromium plating, and can not hinder the transmission of radio wave.
But the device of above-mentioned patent is difficult to transporting and the manufacturability of taking into account radio wave, one can not be provided both to have had, and good metal-like, enough intensity, unfailing performance are good, long service life and radar protective cover that is minimum on the impact of radar electromagnetic wave, that do not affect the performance of radar performance simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, the millimeter wave energy of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth and the preparation method of the little radar protective cover of attenuation rate.
Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A preparation method for radar protective cover, is characterized in that comprising step successively:
(1) pre-treatment: pre-treatment gained substrate is carried out dedusting and cleans;
(2) thermoprint: cover the region that plating nano-metal layer is wanted in next procedure, then thermoprint or be printed with chromatograph on substrate;
(3) first time plating: adopt the region of magnetron sputtering method or vacuum vapour deposition non-thermoprint or printing around described nonferrous layer to be coated with nanometer indium alloy layer, forms the nano metal layer that thickness is 5-50nm;
(4) spraying and solidification: spray UV paint or PU paint on described nano metal layer, form coating protection layer after solidification;
(5) face is coated with or Vacuum Deposition: spray UV paint or PU paint or vacuum coating on the surface at another of described substrate and form reinforced layer.
The advantage of preparation method of the present invention is:
(1) adjacent successively coating protection layer, nano metal layer, nonferrous layer, prime coat, substrate and reinforced layer is formed by the present invention's each step preparation especially twice special Vacuum Deposition, make the mark of radar protective cover have good metallic luster, possess the mark effect that car mark is good; Make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously; Also make radar in addition not by the infringement of the extraneous natural cause such as dust storm sleet and light, thus play a good protection; In serviceability, have good case hardness, intensity and decay resistance, useful life is for 20 years;
(2) if nano metal tunic layer is too thin, be difficult to ensure that its surface has good metallic luster; Rete is too thick, and the attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave can be made to raise, and be difficult to the validity ensureing that radar uses, and the thickness of nano metal layer of the present invention can balance and the performance requirement in face of coordinating all quarters concerned, and makes radar protective cover possess excellent combination property.
As preferably, described step (1) pre-treatment specifically first to substrate electrostatic precipitation, is then used hairbrush dedusting, is finally adopted Dry ice cleaning.
By in and piece surface electrostatic, piece surface dust is taken away with high velocity air, and then adopt hairbrush particularly ostrich mao mao brush act mechanically on piece surface, by disturbance souring, piece surface dust is departed from, and is taken away by air-flow, finally adopt dry ice to clean injection molding body, pre-treatment is made to carry out thoroughly, to ensure the quality of plated film.
As preferably, described step (2) covers the region that plating nano-metal layer is wanted in next procedure, then the black film of thermoprint or printing 0.1-1 micron thickness or colored film layer on substrate.
As preferably, described step (3) nanometer indium alloy be indium and account for tin that mass percent is 0-10%, gallium, silver, germanium one or more.
The metal ingredient of nano metal layer is selected and each coating mating reaction, and the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; And product environmental requirement can be realized, reach heavy metal ion zero discharge.
More preferably, described nanometer indium alloy is the indium alloy containing 5wt% silver.
This composition can make radar protective cover have very little radar Attenuation rate and good metallic luster.
Further preferably, the technique adopting vacuum vapour deposition to be coated with described nano metal layer is (1-2) × 10 in vacuum degree -2carry out three phases evaporation continuously under the vacuum degree of Pa, first stage evaporation evaporates 10-12s under 1.5-2.5 volt, and second stage evaporation evaporates 6-10s under 3.5-4.5 volt, and the phase III evaporates 3-4s under 5.5-6.5 volt.
Adopt this technological parameter, specific thickness and the repeatability of rete can be ensured, obtain very high sheet resistance and island membrane structure, thus attenuation rate when millimeter wave can be made to pass through film is reduced to very little degree; And ensure gloss and the brightness of metallic film, the requirement of content with funtion mark simultaneously.
More preferably, the purity of described indium and silver is 99.99%.
The control of purity makes the mark of radar protective cover have better metallic luster, possesses the mark effect that car mark is good; Make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously.
Preferably, described step (3) adopt magnetron sputtering method or vacuum vapour deposition formed island structure, thickness is 5-50nm and sheet resistance is greater than the nanometer indium alloy layer of 20 megaohms/.
Applicant finds: nano metal layer is blocked up and sheet resistance is too small, is difficult to radar wave is passed through with very little attenuation rate, can not ensures the validity that radar uses; Rete is too thin, is difficult to ensure that it has good metallic luster; Rete is too thick, and the attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave can be made to raise; Sheet resistance size and thicknesses of layers select must with each coating mating reaction, the mark of radar protective cover could be both made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure the validity that radar uses; And product environmental requirement can be realized, reach heavy metal ion zero discharge.
As preferably, described preparation method carries out second time plating after being also included in the plating of described first time: adopt intermediate frequency twin-target sputtering method or electron beam vacuum vapour deposition to be coated with oxide film on described nano metal layer, formation protective oxide film.
The composition of described protective oxide film and thickness contribute to protection nano metal layer, the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have better metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; Thus make radar protective cover possess excellent combination property.
More preferably, described oxide film is silica membrane.
More preferably, the method adopting vacuum vapour deposition to be coated with described silica membrane is with electron beam vacuum evaporation, the evaporation source adopted comprises electron gun, field coil and crucible, and described electron gun comprises the anode of the filament of electron emission, the focusing electrode converging electronics and acceleration electronics; Described field coil and accelerating field perpendicular.
Be polycarbonate because product of the present invention is base materials employed, during vacuum coating, vacuum indoor temperature or particle bombardment energy can not be too high, and protective oxide film raw material used often have high fusing point, therefore must select suitable technique.
For electron beam vacuum evaporation silica membrane, evaporation source adopts e type electron gun, i.e. deflection of a beam of electrons 270 °, makes beam bombardment to the silicon dioxide coating materials in crucible, avoid the pollution of electron gun filament material to coating materials.
Electron Beam Focusing characteristic depends on filament (negative electrode), converges the shape of these three electrodes of anode of the focusing electrode of electronics and acceleration electronics, relative position and added voltage.Filament (negative electrode) is generally manufactured by tungsten filament, connects low-voltage and high-current, tungsten filament can be heated to and launch thermionic incandescent state.
Described field coil and accelerating field perpendicular, after electronics is accelerated, by the effect of the Loulun magnetism that crossed electric and magnetic field produces, change the direction of motion, electron beam trace becomes zigzag shape, and beam shapes is as English words e, and the magnetic field that namely field coil produces makes electronic deflection on crucible, regulate the large I of field supply to change magnetic field intensity, thus electron beam can be changed reach position on evaporating materials (coating materials) surface.
Further preferably, the negative pole of the filament parallel high pressure accelerating power source of electron gun, voltage is 6-30KV, and electronics accelerated motion under high voltage electric field effect forms electron beam, and line is 0.3-1A.
Further preferably, described crucible is oxygen-free copper crucible.
In the assembly in electron gun evaporation source, crucible is also pith.Adopt oxygen-free copper crucible, water flowing cools, and can place different coating materials, can change bushing position by inversion mechanism in crucible.
Further preferably, the method adopting vacuum vapour deposition to be coated with described silica membrane is;
1. substrate and coating materials are put into vacuum chamber, close door for vacuum chamber, be evacuated to (5-8) × 10 -3pa;
2. open magnetic field power supply, be transferred to predetermined field supply, determine magnetic field intensity, to ensure that electron beam can be got on crucible;
3. filament heating power supply is opened, heat filament;
4. the high pressure accelerating power source of unlocking electronic rifle, voltage is transferred to 6-30KV;
5. regulate heating current and the field supply of filament, make beam spot be positioned at crucible central authorities;
6. line scanning monitor is regulated, with x-y transverse and longitudinal bi-directional drive line, and adjusting amplitude and frequency;
7. steam coating silicon dioxide film under the parameter of accelerating voltage 6-30KV, line 0.3-1A, deposition rate 0.3-0.4nm/s;
8. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 100-150nm.
Still more preferably, in silica deposit process, adopt ion-beam assisted deposition to improve density and the adhesive force of silica membrane, specifically:
A. in vacuum chamber, place ion source, operating current 16-20A, discharge power 100-150W, working gas is argon gas;
B. the ion beam energy that ion beam assisted depositing is used is the ar-ion beam of 400-800ev, before plated film, first carry out bombardment 1-5min with described ar-ion beam to described substrate, described substrate surface is cleaned and activation;
C. while cvd silicon dioxide film, with the ar-ion beam bombardment deposition surface of 400-800ev;
D. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 100-150nm.
While cvd silicon dioxide film, with the ar-ion beam bombardment deposition surface of 400-800ev; By momentum interchange and the intermixing of ion and film forming atom, thus significantly improve density and the adhesive force of silica coating.
Because the atom of thermal evaporation or the molecule energy when depositing is very low; be about 0.2ev; its surface mobility is also just very low; add that the atom that deposited or molecule can cause hatching effect to the atom deposited afterwards or molecule; evaporated film is made to be that the protective effect of silica membrane significantly reduces containing more mushy cylindrical particle aggregate structure.Therefore in silica membrane process, adopt ion-beam assisted deposition (Ionbeamassisteddeposition writes a Chinese character in simplified form IBAD), silica membrane density and adhesive force can be significantly improved, thus greatly strengthen the protective effect of silica membrane.
As preferably, described step (4) sprays the UV paint of 10-25 micron thickness on described protective oxide film or PU paint forms coating protection layer; Paint or PU paint formation reinforced layer at another UV spraying 10-25 micron thickness on the surface of described substrate simultaneously.
More preferably, the UV paint that described step (4) also comprises spraying carries out ultraviolet radiation-curable.
As preferably, described preparation method toasts before being also included in pre-treatment step.
By baking, priming coat prepared by base material and subsequent technique and finishing coat have better adhesion.
As preferably, described radar protective cover also comprises the base being arranged on described substrate rear, and described substrate and described base are polycarbonate plate, and described substrate and described base are combined closely by dotting glue method.
Adopt conventional method to make protecgulum and understructure easily make Total Product bond, easily occur substandard products, and it is influenced to adopt dotting glue method of the present invention can not affect each Rotating fields of protecgulum, the performance of raising product and qualification rate.
As preferably, described preparation method also comprises and material handle milling unnecessary on substrate injection body being removed.
Of the present invention additionally providing a kind ofly can make the mark of radar protective cover have good metallic luster, the millimeter wave energy of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth and the little radar protective cover of attenuation rate.
This object is achieved by following four kinds of technical schemes:
The first technical scheme is:
A kind of radar protective cover; comprise the substrate with front surface and rear surface; the front surface of described substrate is coated with reinforced layer; on the rear surface of substrate described in it, from-inner-to-outer is at least coated with prime coat, nonferrous layer, nano metal layer and coating protection layer, the metal ingredient of described nano metal layer be indium and account for tin that mass percent is 0-10%, gallium, silver, germanium one or more.
The present invention is below with orientation, trailer-mounted radar place, and the rear surface of described substrate is towards trailer-mounted radar.
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) adjacent successively coating protection layer, nano metal layer, nonferrous layer, substrate and reinforced layer, make the mark of radar protective cover have good metallic luster, possesses the mark effect that car mark is good; Make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously; Also make radar in addition not by the infringement of the extraneous natural causes such as dust storm sleet light, thus play a good protection; In serviceability, reinforced layer in turn enhances the performance of substrate, and the outer surface giving radar protective cover has good ageing resistance, case hardness, intensity and decay resistance, and useful life is for 20 years;
(2) metal ingredient of nano metal layer is selected and each coating mating reaction, the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; And product environmental requirement can be realized, reach heavy metal ion zero discharge.
As preferably, the metal ingredient of described nano metal layer is the indium alloy containing 5wt% silver.
This composition makes radome have very little radar Attenuation rate and good metallic luster.
More preferably, the purity of described indium and silver is 99.99%.
More preferably, the thickness of described nano metal layer is 5-50nm.
Rete is too thin, is difficult to ensure to have good metallic luster; Rete is too thick, and the attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave can be made to raise, and is difficult to the validity ensureing that radar uses.And the thickness of nano metal layer of the present invention can balance and the performance requirement in face of coordinating all quarters concerned, radar protective cover is made to possess excellent combination property.
As preferably, the sheet resistance of described nano metal layer is greater than 20 megaohms/.
If resistance is too little, is difficult to radar wave is passed through with very little attenuation rate, the validity that radar uses can not be ensured.
As preferably, described nano metal layer is island structure.
Applicant finds; adopt the nano metal layer of island structure greatly can reduce the attenuation rate of this radar millimeter wave; the radar millimeter wave through this radar protective cover is made to be close to undamped; this may be that the attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave is relevant with metal level resistance; and adopt island structure greatly can improve the resistance of this nano metal layer, thus the mark of the radar protective cover of the nano metal layer with island structure had not only been made to have good metallic luster, but also make the millimeter wave energy of radar emission pass through this protective cover back and forth and attenuation rate is little.
When island structure of the present invention is nano metal layer employing vapor deposition film, first in substrate, form critical nuclei, when atom constantly deposits, core is grown up with three-dimensional, not only increase but also expand, forming island, also there will be new core simultaneously and continue to grow up into island.When island constantly expands in substrate, island can be linked to each other, and forms the passage on island.Island structure is a kind of discontinuous membrane structure.
As preferably, described substrate is also coated with the protective oxide film be arranged between described nano metal layer and described coating protection layer.
More preferably, described protective oxide film is silica membrane, and thickness is 100-150nm.
The composition of described protective oxide film and thickness contribute to protection nano metal layer, the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; Thus make radar protective cover possess excellent combination property.
As preferably, described reinforced layer is the UV paint of 10-25 micron thickness or the vacuum coating of PU paint or 100-200 nano thickness.
The present invention adopts UV paint or the PU paint of highly filled such as 70-95%, is sprayed on surface of the work, controls the thickness of reinforced layer simultaneously, make reinforced layer have good case hardness, intensity and decay resistance.
More preferably, described UV paint adopts ultraviolet radiation-curable to form.
Through overcuring, reinforced layer has good adhesion, and not wounded substrate.
As preferably, described nonferrous layer is thermoprint black film or the printing color rete of 0.1-1 micron thickness.
Adopt the thermoprint black film of this thickness or printing color rete that the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have better metallic luster, in serviceability, there is better case hardness, intensity and decay resistance, make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously.
As preferably, described coating protection layer is UV paint or the PU paint of 10-25 micron thickness.
More preferably, described UV paint adopts ultraviolet radiation-curable to form.
As preferably, described radar protective cover also comprises by binding agent or quadric injection mould mode and the interconnective base of described substrate.
Described substrate is as car mark protecgulum, and described base is positioned at after car mark, so that protection covers each coating on the substrate.
As preferably, described substrate and/or base are the shock proof plastic material of transparency and heat-proof.
More preferably, described substrate and/or base are polycarbonate substrate.
More preferably, the gross thickness of described substrate and base is 4.4-5.3mm.
The second technical scheme is:
A kind of radar protective cover; comprise the substrate with front surface and rear surface; the front surface of described substrate is coated with reinforced layer, and on the rear surface of substrate described in it, from-inner-to-outer is at least coated with nonferrous layer, nano metal layer and coating protection layer, and the thickness of described nano metal layer is 5-50nm.
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) adjacent successively coating protection layer, nano metal layer, nonferrous layer, substrate and reinforced layer, make the mark of radar protective cover have good metallic luster, possesses the mark effect that car mark is good; Make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously; Also make radar in addition not by the infringement of the extraneous natural cause such as dust storm sleet and light, thus play a good protection; In serviceability, have good case hardness, intensity and decay resistance, useful life is for 20 years;
(2) thickness of nano metal layer is selected and each coating mating reaction, and the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; And product environmental requirement can be realized, reach heavy metal ion zero discharge; And if nano metal tunic layer is too thin, although sheet resistance is very large, visible reflectance is low, the luminance shortage of the metallic film that seems, can not reach the requirement of functional mark; Rete is too thick, and the attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave can be made to raise, and is difficult to the validity ensureing that radar uses; And the thickness of nano metal layer of the present invention can balance and the performance requirement in face of coordinating all quarters concerned, radar protective cover is made to possess excellent combination property.
As preferably, the metal ingredient of described nano metal layer be indium and account for tin that mass percent is 0-10%, gallium, silver, germanium one or more.
The metal ingredient of nano metal layer is selected and each coating mating reaction, and the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; And product environmental requirement can be realized, reach heavy metal ion zero discharge.
More preferably, the metal ingredient of described nano metal layer is the indium alloy containing 5wt% silver.
This composition makes radome have very little radar Attenuation rate and good metallic luster.
More preferably, the purity of described indium and silver is 99.99%.
As preferably, the sheet resistance of described nano metal layer is greater than 20 megaohms/.
If resistance is too little, be difficult to radar wave is passed through, the validity that radar uses can not be ensured.
As preferably, described nano metal layer is island structure.
Applicant finds, adopts the nano metal layer of island structure greatly can reduce the attenuation rate of this radar millimeter wave, makes the radar millimeter wave through this radar protective cover be close to undamped.The attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave is relevant with metal level resistance; and adopt island structure greatly can improve the resistance of this nano metal layer, thus the mark of the radar protective cover of the nano metal layer with island structure had not only been made to have good metallic luster, but also make the millimeter wave energy of radar emission pass through this protective cover back and forth and attenuation rate is little.
As preferably, described substrate is also coated with the protective oxide film be arranged between described nano metal layer and described coating protection layer.
More preferably, described protective oxide film is silica membrane, and thickness is 100-150nm.
The composition of described protective oxide film and thickness contribute to protection nano metal layer, the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; Thus make radar protective cover possess excellent combination property.
As preferably, described reinforced layer is the UV paint of 10-25 micron thickness or the vacuum coating of PU paint or 100-200 nano thickness.
The present invention adopts UV paint or the PU paint of highly filled such as 70-95%, is sprayed on surface of the work, controls the thickness of reinforced layer simultaneously, make reinforced layer have good case hardness, intensity and decay resistance.
More preferably, described UV paint adopts ultraviolet radiation-curable to form.
Through overcuring, reinforced layer has good adhesion, and not wounded substrate.
As preferably, described nonferrous layer is thermoprint black film or the printing color rete of 0.1-1 micron thickness.
Adopt the thermoprint black film of this thickness or printing color rete that the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have more significant metallic luster, in serviceability, there is better case hardness, intensity and decay resistance, make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously.
As preferably, described coating protection layer is UV paint or the PU enamelled coating of 10-25 micron thickness.
More preferably, described UV paint adopts ultraviolet radiation-curable to form.
As preferably, described radar protective cover also comprises by binding agent or quadric injection mould mode and the interconnective base of described substrate.
Described substrate is as protecgulum, and described base is positioned at after car mark, so that protection covers each coating on the substrate.
As preferably, described substrate and/or base are the shock proof plastic material of transparency and heat-proof.
More preferably, described substrate and/or base are polycarbonate substrate.
More preferably, the gross thickness of described substrate and base is 4.4-5.3mm.
The third technical scheme is:
A kind of radar protective cover; comprise the substrate with front surface and rear surface; the front surface of described substrate is coated with reinforced layer; on the rear surface of substrate described in it, from-inner-to-outer is at least coated with nonferrous layer, nano metal layer and coating protection layer, and the sheet resistance of described nano metal layer is greater than 20 megaohms/.
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) adjacent successively coating protection layer, nano metal layer, nonferrous layer, substrate and reinforced layer, make the mark of radar protective cover have good metallic luster, possesses the mark effect that car mark is good; Make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously; Also make radar in addition not by the infringement of the extraneous natural causes such as dust storm sleet light, thus play a good protection; In serviceability, have good case hardness, intensity and decay resistance, useful life is for 20 years;
(2) if the sheet resistance of nano metal layer is too little, be difficult to radar wave is passed through with very little attenuation rate, the validity that radar uses can not be ensured; Sheet resistance size is selected and each coating mating reaction, and the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; And product environmental requirement can be realized, reach heavy metal ion zero discharge.
As preferably, the metal ingredient of described nano metal layer be indium and account for tin that mass percent is 0-10%, gallium, silver, germanium one or more.
The metal ingredient of nano metal layer is selected and each coating mating reaction, and the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; And product environmental requirement can be realized, reach heavy metal ion zero discharge.
More preferably, the metal ingredient of described nano metal layer is the indium alloy containing 5wt% silver.
This composition makes radome have very little radar Attenuation rate and good metallic luster.
More preferably, the purity of described indium and silver is 99.99%.
As preferably, the thickness of described nano metal layer is 5-50nm.
Rete is too thin, is difficult to ensure that it has good metallic luster; Rete is too thick, and the attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave can be made to raise, and be difficult to the validity ensureing that radar uses, and the thickness of nano metal layer of the present invention can balance and the performance requirement in face of coordinating all quarters concerned, and makes radar protective cover possess excellent combination property.
As preferably, described nano metal layer is island structure.
Applicant finds: adopt the nano metal layer of island structure greatly can reduce the attenuation rate of this radar millimeter wave; the radar millimeter wave through this radar protective cover is made to be close to undamped; this may be that the attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave is relevant with metal level resistance; and adopt island structure greatly can improve the resistance of this nano metal layer, thus the mark of the radar protective cover of the nano metal layer with island structure had not only been made to have good metallic luster, but also make the millimeter wave energy of radar emission pass through this protective cover back and forth and attenuation rate is little.
As preferably, described substrate is also coated with the protective oxide film be arranged between described nano metal layer and described coating protection layer.
More preferably, described protective oxide film is silica membrane, and thickness is 100-150nm.
The composition of described protective oxide film and thickness contribute to protection nano metal layer, the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; Thus make radar protective cover possess excellent combination property.
As preferably, described reinforced layer is the UV paint of 10-25 micron thickness or the vacuum coating of PU paint or 100-200 nano thickness.
The present invention adopts UV paint or the PU paint of highly filled such as 70-95%, is sprayed on surface of the work, controls the thickness of reinforced layer simultaneously, make reinforced layer have good case hardness, intensity and decay resistance.
More preferably, described UV paint adopts ultraviolet radiation-curable to form.
Through overcuring, reinforced layer has good adhesion, and not wounded substrate.
As preferably, described nonferrous layer is thermoprint black film or the printing color rete of 0.1-1 micron thickness.
Adopt the thermoprint black film of this thickness or printing color rete that the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have better metallic luster, in serviceability, there is better case hardness, intensity and decay resistance, make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously.
As preferably, described coating protection layer is UV paint or the PU paint of 10-25 micron thickness.
More preferably, described UV paint adopts ultraviolet radiation-curable to form.
As preferably, described radar protective cover also comprises by binding agent or quadric injection mould mode and the interconnective base of described substrate.
Described substrate is as protecgulum, and described base is positioned at after car mark, so that protection covers each coating on the substrate.
As preferably, described substrate and/or base are the shock proof plastic material of transparency and heat-proof.
More preferably, described substrate and/or base are polycarbonate substrate.
More preferably, the gross thickness of described substrate and base is 4.4-5.3mm.
4th kind of technical scheme is:
A kind of radar protective cover; comprise the substrate with front surface and rear surface; the front surface of described substrate is coated with reinforced layer, and on the rear surface of substrate described in it, from-inner-to-outer is at least coated with nonferrous layer, nano metal layer and coating protection layer, and described nano metal layer is island structure.
Applicant finds:
(1) the nano metal layer of island structure is adopted greatly can to reduce the attenuation rate of this radar millimeter wave, the radar millimeter wave through this radar protective cover is made to be close to undamped, this may be that the attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave is relevant with metal level resistance, and adopt island structure greatly can improve the resistance of this nano metal layer, thus the mark of the radar protective cover of the nano metal layer with island structure had not only been made to have good metallic luster, but also make the millimeter wave energy of radar emission pass through this protective cover back and forth and attenuation rate is little;
(2) adjacent successively coating protection layer, nano metal layer, nonferrous layer, substrate and reinforced layer, make the mark of radar protective cover have good metallic luster, possesses the mark effect that car mark is good; Make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously; Also make radar in addition not by the infringement of the extraneous natural causes such as dust storm sleet light, thus play a good protection; In serviceability, have good case hardness, intensity and decay resistance, useful life is for 20 years.
As preferably, the metal ingredient of described nano metal layer be indium and account for tin that mass percent is 0-10%, gallium, silver, germanium one or more.
The metal ingredient of nano metal layer is selected and each coating mating reaction, and the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; And product environmental requirement can be realized, reach heavy metal ion zero discharge.
More preferably, the metal ingredient of described nano metal layer is the indium alloy containing 5wt% silver.
This composition makes radome have very little radar Attenuation rate and good metallic luster.
More preferably, the purity of described indium and silver is 99.99%.
As preferably, the thickness of described nano metal layer is 5-50nm.
Rete is too thin, is difficult to ensure that it has good metallic luster; Rete is too thick, and the attenuation rate of radar millimeter wave can be made to raise, and be difficult to the validity ensureing that radar uses, and the thickness of nano metal layer of the present invention can balance and the performance requirement in face of coordinating all quarters concerned, and makes radar protective cover possess excellent combination property.
As preferably, described substrate is also coated with the protective oxide film be arranged between described nano metal layer and described coating protection layer.
More preferably, described protective oxide film is silica membrane, and thickness is 100-150nm.
The composition of described protective oxide film and thickness contribute to protection nano metal layer, the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have good metallic luster, almost undamped when the millimeter wave of radar emission can be made again to pass through this protective cover back and forth, ensure that the validity that radar uses; Thus make radar protective cover possess excellent combination property.
As preferably, described reinforced layer is the UV paint of 10-25 micron thickness or the vacuum coating of PU paint or 100-200 nano thickness.
The present invention adopts UV paint or the PU paint of highly filled such as 70-95%, is sprayed on surface of the work, controls the thickness of reinforced layer simultaneously, make reinforced layer have good case hardness, intensity and decay resistance.
More preferably, described UV paint adopts ultraviolet radiation-curable to form.
Through overcuring, reinforced layer has good adhesion, and not wounded substrate.
As preferably, described nonferrous layer is thermoprint black film or the printing color rete of 0.1-1 micron thickness.
Adopt the thermoprint black film of this thickness or printing color rete that the mark of radar protective cover can be made to have better metallic luster, in serviceability, there is better case hardness, intensity and decay resistance, make radar millimeter wave be close to undamped simultaneously.
As preferably, described coating protection layer is UV paint or the PU paint of 10-25 micron thickness.
More preferably, described UV paint adopts ultraviolet radiation-curable to form.
As preferably, described radar protective cover also comprises by binding agent or quadric injection mould mode and the interconnective base of described substrate.
Described substrate is as protecgulum, and described base is positioned at after car mark, so that protection covers each coating on the substrate.
As preferably, described substrate is as protecgulum, and described substrate and/or base are the shock proof plastic material of transparency and heat-proof.
More preferably, described substrate and/or base are polycarbonate substrate.
More preferably, the gross thickness of described substrate and base is 4.4-5.3mm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of each hierarchical structure of radar protective cover of the present invention and radar protective cover and radar bearing relation;
Fig. 2 is the process route chart of the radar protective cover preparation method of one embodiment of the invention;
In figure, 1-substrate; 2-reinforced layer; 3-nonferrous layer; 4-nano metal layer; 5-protective oxide film; 6-coating protection layer; 7-base; R-radar.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The radar protective cover of certain car model, comprises the substrate with front surface and rear surface.Baseplate material is the plastic material of transparency and heat-proof shock resistance, high comprehensive performance, such as polycarbonate plate.Process respectively two surfaces of substrate 1, the cross-section structure of this radar protective cover is shown in Fig. 1.
Reinforced layer 2 adopts highly filled UV paint or PU paint, and be sprayed on surface of the work, THICKNESS CONTROL is at 10 microns.UV paint need use ultraviolet radiation-curable.Reinforced layer 2 also can adopt vacuum coating to prepare, to improve hardness and the resistance to wear of substrate 1.
Nonferrous layer 3 is thermoprint black film or printing color rete, and be decided according to the actual requirements, thickness is 0.1 micron.
Nano metal layer 4 is containing 5%(quality) indium alloy of silver, the purity of indium and silver is all 99.99%.This thicknesses of layers is 15 nanometers.Its effect has good metallic luster and visible reflectance, and when simultaneously the millimeter wave of radar emission passes through this protective cover back and forth, attenuation rate is very little.
Nano metal layer is very thin, and thickness is 15 nanometers, and the microstructure of rete, based on " island " structure, is a kind of discontinuous film, thus ensures to have very high resistance, very little to the radar Attenuation rate of passing through back and forth.
The conductivity of film and electron mean free path λ frelevant with thickness t.At t < λ ftime, if rete is island, then resistivity is very big, and after t increases to tens nanometer, resistivity sharply declines; As t>=λ ftime, resistivity and the body material of film are close, but larger than body material.
Protective oxide film 5 is silica membrane, and thickness is 100 nanometers, and its effect mainly protects nano metal layer.
Coating protection layer 6 adopts highly filled UV paint or PU paint, and be sprayed on surface of the work, THICKNESS CONTROL is at 10 microns.UV paint need use ultraviolet radiation-curable.
Base 7 adopts the material of the high transmission identical with substrate 1 to form, and is interconnected after surface treatment by binding agent and substrate 1, and substrate 1 is 4.4mm with the thickness of base 7.
The manufacturing process of this product mainly contains injection moulding, pre-treatment, thermoprint, magnetron sputtering or vacuum evaporation coating, medium frequency twin-target sputtering method or electron beam vacuum vapour deposition, spraying or solidification, some glue, milling cast gate, inspection, packaging etc.Process route is shown in Fig. 2.
Injection moulding: open injection mold processed by product requirement, the injection molding machine of selected required clamp force, stepless speed regulation multipole injection molding.
Pass on and reach the standard grade: moulding, after manipulator lower part, is placed on conveying belt and reaches the standard grade.
Baking: through baking, substrate and priming coat, finishing coat have better adhesion.
Pre-treatment: electrostatic precipitation, namely with piece surface electrostatic in, piece surface dust is taken away with high velocity air, and then adopt hairbrush particularly ostrich mao mao brush act mechanically on piece surface, by disturbance souring, piece surface dust is departed from, and is taken away by air-flow, finally adopt dry ice to clean injection molding body, ensure that workpiece is clean and enter next procedure.Pre-treatment is made to carry out thoroughly, to prevent its case hardness, intensity and decay resistance influenced, improving its useful life.
Thermoprint: utilize frock to cover region that plating nano-metal layer is wanted in next procedure, then scalds black film or printing color rete on the surface of the substrate.
First time plating: by magnetron sputtering method or vacuum vapour deposition, be coated with nanometer indium alloy layer, strict its thickness of control is in 15 nanometers and sheet resistance is greater than 20 megaohms/.
Resistance test adopts common universal instrument, spacing 1 centimeter test.
The factors such as the determination of actual process parameter requires with properties of product, film plating process, filming equipment, coating materials composition, thicknesses of layers are relevant.
Now for the indium silver alloy (coating materials) of vacuum evaporation containing 5wt% silver, the preparation technology of Vacuum Deposition nano metal layer is described.
1. coating materials: diameter 1 millimeter, length 3-5 centimetre;
2. evaporation source: conic net basket tungsten hank knotting, 4;
3. work rest: workpiece (substrate) diameter 80 millimeters, each plated film can settle 8-12 workpiece, has public affairs, rotation, and rotating speed is electrodeless adjustable, and revolution speed controls at 4-6 rev/min;
4. filming equipment: the diameter of vacuum chamber 1600 millimeters, height 1200 millimeters;
5. vacuum evaporation process is 1.5 × 10 in vacuum degree -2carry out three phases evaporation continuously under the vacuum degree of Pa, first stage evaporation evaporates 11s under 2 volts, and second stage evaporation evaporates 8s under 4 volts, and the phase III evaporates 3.5s under 6 volts.
Second time plating: by medium frequency twin-target sputtering method or electron beam vacuum vapour deposition, be coated with silica membrane, thickness is 100nm.
Be polycarbonate because product of the present invention is base materials employed, during vacuum coating, vacuum indoor temperature or particle bombardment energy can not be too high, and protective oxide film raw material Wang Wang used has high fusing point, therefore must select suitable technique.
For electron beam vacuum evaporation silica membrane, evaporation source adopts e type electron gun, i.e. deflection of a beam of electrons 270 °, makes beam bombardment to the silicon dioxide coating materials in crucible, avoid the pollution of electron gun filament material to coating materials.
Electron Beam Focusing characteristic depends on filament (negative electrode), converges the shape of these three electrodes of anode of the focusing electrode of electronics and acceleration electronics, relative position and added voltage.Filament (negative electrode) is generally manufactured by tungsten filament, connects low-voltage and high-current, tungsten filament can be heated to and launch thermionic incandescent state.
Field coil and accelerating field perpendicular, after electronics is accelerated, by the effect of the Loulun magnetism that crossed electric and magnetic field produces, change the direction of motion, electron beam trace becomes zigzag shape, and beam shapes is as English words e, and the magnetic field that namely field coil produces makes electronic deflection on crucible, regulate the large I of field supply to change magnetic field intensity, thus electron beam can be changed reach position on evaporating materials (coating materials) surface.Crucible is oxygen-free copper crucible.In the assembly in electron gun evaporation source, crucible is also pith.Adopt oxygen-free copper crucible, water flowing cools, and can place different coating materials, can change bushing position by inversion mechanism in crucible.
The negative pole of the filament parallel high pressure accelerating power source of electron gun, voltage is 15KV, and electronics accelerated motion under high voltage electric field effect forms electron beam, and line is 0.6A.
The concrete grammar adopting vacuum vapour deposition to be coated with described silica membrane is;
1. substrate and coating materials are put into vacuum chamber, close door for vacuum chamber, be evacuated to 6 × 10 -3pa;
2. open magnetic field power supply, be transferred to predetermined field supply, determine magnetic field intensity, to ensure that electron beam can be got on crucible;
3. filament heating power supply is opened, heat filament;
4. the high pressure accelerating power source of unlocking electronic rifle, voltage is transferred to 15KV;
5. regulate heating current and the field supply of filament, make beam spot be positioned at crucible central authorities;
6. line scanning monitor is regulated, with x-y transverse and longitudinal bi-directional drive line, and adjusting amplitude and frequency;
7. steam coating silicon dioxide film under the parameter of accelerating voltage 15KV, line 0.6A, deposition rate 0.35nm/s;
8. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 130nm.
Because the atom of thermal evaporation or the molecule energy when depositing is very low; be about 0.2ev; its surface mobility is also just very low; add that the atom that deposited or molecule can cause hatching effect to the atom deposited afterwards or molecule; evaporated film is made to be that the protective effect of silica membrane significantly reduces containing more mushy cylindrical particle aggregate structure.Therefore in silica membrane process, adopt ion-beam assisted deposition (Ionbeamassisteddeposition writes a Chinese character in simplified form IBAD), silica membrane density and adhesive force can be significantly improved, thus greatly strengthen the protective effect of silica membrane.
In silica deposit process, adopt ion-beam assisted deposition to improve density and the adhesive force of silica membrane, specifically:
A. in vacuum chamber, place ion source, operating current 18A, discharge power 120W, working gas is argon gas;
B. the ion beam energy that ion beam assisted depositing is used is the ar-ion beam of 600ev, before plated film, first carry out bombardment 5min with described ar-ion beam to described substrate, described substrate surface is cleaned and activation;
C. while cvd silicon dioxide film, with the ar-ion beam bombardment deposition surface of 600ev;
D. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 120nm.
While cvd silicon dioxide film, with the ar-ion beam of 600ev bombardment deposition surface, by momentum interchange and the intermixing of ion and film forming atom, thus significantly improve density and the adhesive force of silica coating.
Spraying: spray highly filled UV paint or PU paint again on silica membrane surface; Also highly filled UV paint or PU paint or vacuum coating is sprayed on another surface of substrate P C.
UV solidifies: if face is painted with UV paint, then will through ultraviolet radiation-curable.
Point glue: Merlon base and protecgulum are combined closely with dotting glue method.
Milling cast gate: material handle milling unnecessary on injection molding body is removed.
Pass on and roll off the production line: product is placed on conveying belt through manipulator, be sent to test package operation.
Test package: product, through sticking mark after the assay was approved, delivers to product warehouse.
After testing, the attenuation rate that prepared radar protective cover makes the millimeter wave of radar emission pass through this protective cover is back and forth below 2db.
Embodiment two
The radar protective cover of certain car model, comprises the substrate 1 with front surface and rear surface.Baseplate material is the plastic material of transparency and heat-proof shock resistance, high comprehensive performance, such as polycarbonate plate.Process respectively two surfaces of substrate, the cross-section structure of this radar protective cover is shown in Fig. 1.
Be interconnected by binding agent or quadric injection mould mode after substrate 1 and susceptor surface process, the gross thickness of substrate 1 and base 7 is 5.3mm.
Reinforced layer 2 adopts highly filled UV paint or PU paint, and be sprayed on surface of the work, THICKNESS CONTROL is at 25 microns.UV paint need use ultraviolet radiation-curable.
Nonferrous layer 3 is thermoprint black film or printing color rete, and be decided according to the actual requirements, thickness is 1 micron.
Nano metal layer 4 is containing 1%(quality) indium alloy of tin, the purity of indium and tin is all 99.99%.This thicknesses of layers is 30 nanometers.Its effect has good metallic luster and visible reflectance, and when simultaneously the millimeter wave of radar emission passes through this protective cover back and forth, attenuation rate is very little.
Nano metal layer is very thin, and thickness is 30nm, and the microstructure of rete based on " island " structure, thus ensures to have very high resistance, very little to the radar Attenuation rate of passing through back and forth.
The conductivity of film and electron mean free path λ frelevant with thickness t.At t < λ ftime, if rete is island, then resistivity is very big, and after t increases to tens nanometer, resistivity sharply declines; As t>=λ ftime, resistivity and the body material of film are close, but larger than body material.
Protective oxide film 5 is silica membrane, and thickness is 150 nanometers, and its effect mainly protects nano metal layer.
Coating protection layer 6 adopts highly filled UV paint or PU paint, and be sprayed on surface of the work, THICKNESS CONTROL is at 25 microns.UV paint need use ultraviolet radiation-curable.
The manufacturing process of this product mainly contains injection moulding, pre-treatment, thermoprint, magnetron sputtering or vacuum evaporation coating, medium frequency twin-target sputtering method or electron beam vacuum vapour deposition, spraying or solidification, some glue, milling cast gate, inspection, packaging etc.Process route is shown in Fig. 2.
Injection moulding: open injection mold processed by product requirement, the injection molding machine of selected required clamp force, stepless speed regulation multipole injection molding.
Pass on and reach the standard grade: moulding, after manipulator lower part, is placed on conveying belt and reaches the standard grade.
Baking: through baking, substrate and priming coat, finishing coat have better adhesion.
Pre-treatment: electrostatic precipitation, namely with piece surface electrostatic in, piece surface dust is taken away with high velocity air, and then adopt hairbrush particularly ostrich mao mao brush act mechanically on piece surface, by disturbance souring, piece surface dust is departed from, and is taken away by air-flow, finally adopt dry ice to clean injection molding body, ensure that workpiece is clean and enter next procedure.Pre-treatment is made to carry out thoroughly, to prevent its case hardness, intensity and decay resistance influenced, improving its useful life.
Primary coat: spray to surface of the work with highly filled UV paint.
UV solidifies: make the UV of surface of the work paint film-forming with ultraviolet light.
Thermoprint: utilize frock to cover region that plating nano-metal layer is wanted in next procedure, then scalds black film or printing color rete at surface of the work.
First time plating: by magnetron sputtering method or vacuum vapour deposition, be coated with nanometer indium alloy layer, strict its thickness of control is at 30nm and sheet resistance is greater than 20 megaohms/.
Second time plating: by medium frequency twin-target sputtering method or electron beam vacuum vapour deposition, be coated with silica membrane, thickness is 150nm.
Spraying: spray highly filled UV paint or PU paint again on silica membrane surface; Also highly filled UV paint or PU paint or vacuum coating is sprayed on another surface of substrate P C.
UV solidifies: if face is painted with UV paint, then will through ultraviolet radiation-curable.
Point glue: Merlon base and protecgulum are combined closely with dotting glue method.
Milling cast gate: material handle milling unnecessary on injection molding body is removed.
Pass on and roll off the production line: product is placed on conveying belt through manipulator, be sent to test package operation.
Test package: product, through sticking mark after the assay was approved, delivers to product warehouse.
After testing, the attenuation rate that prepared radar protective cover makes the millimeter wave of radar emission pass through this protective cover is back and forth below 2db.
Embodiment three
The radar protective cover of certain car model, comprises the substrate with front surface and rear surface.Baseplate material is the plastic material of transparency and heat-proof shock resistance, high comprehensive performance, such as polycarbonate plate.Process respectively two surfaces of substrate, the cross-section structure of this radar protective cover is shown in Fig. 1.
Be interconnected by binding agent or quadric injection mould mode after substrate 1 and base 7 surface treatment, the gross thickness of substrate 1 and base 7 is 5mm.
Reinforced layer 2 adopts highly filled UV paint or PU paint, and be sprayed on surface of the work, THICKNESS CONTROL is at 18 microns.UV paint need use ultraviolet radiation-curable.
Nonferrous layer 3 is thermoprint black film or printing color rete, and be decided according to the actual requirements, thickness is 0.6 micron.
Nano metal layer 4 is containing 3%(mass fraction) indium alloy of gallium, the purity of indium and silver is all 99.99%.This thicknesses of layers is 50 nanometers.Its effect has good metallic luster and visible reflectance, and when simultaneously the millimeter wave of radar emission passes through this protective cover back and forth, attenuation rate is very little.
Nano metal layer 4 is very thin, and thickness is 50nm, and the microstructure of rete based on " island " structure, thus ensures to have very high resistance, very little to the radar Attenuation rate of passing through back and forth.
The conductivity of film and electron mean free path λ frelevant with thickness t.At t < λ ftime, if rete is island, then resistivity is very big, and after t increases to tens nanometer, resistivity sharply declines; As t>=λ ftime, resistivity and the body material of film are close, but larger than body material.
Protective oxide film 5 is silica membrane, and thickness is 120 nanometers, and its effect mainly protects nano metal layer.
Coating protection layer 6 adopts highly filled UV paint or PU paint, and be sprayed on surface of the work, THICKNESS CONTROL is at 20 microns.UV paint need use ultraviolet radiation-curable.
The manufacturing process of this product mainly contains injection moulding, pre-treatment, spraying and solidification, thermoprint, magnetron sputtering or vacuum evaporation coating, medium frequency twin-target sputtering method or electron beam vacuum vapour deposition, spraying or solidification, some glue, milling cast gate, inspection, packaging etc.Process route is shown in Fig. 2.
Injection moulding: open injection mold processed by product requirement, the injection molding machine of selected required clamp force, stepless speed regulation multipole injection molding.
Pass on and reach the standard grade: moulding, after manipulator lower part, is placed on conveying belt and reaches the standard grade.
Baking: through baking, substrate and priming coat, finishing coat have better adhesion.
Pre-treatment: electrostatic precipitation, namely with piece surface electrostatic in, piece surface dust is taken away with high velocity air, and then adopt hairbrush particularly ostrich mao mao brush act mechanically on piece surface, by disturbance souring, piece surface dust is departed from, and is taken away by air-flow, finally adopt dry ice to clean injection molding body, ensure that workpiece is clean and enter next procedure.Pre-treatment is made to carry out thoroughly, to prevent its case hardness, intensity and decay resistance influenced, improving its useful life.
Primary coat: spray to surface of the work with highly filled UV paint.
UV solidifies: make the UV of surface of the work paint film-forming with ultraviolet light.
Thermoprint: utilize frock to cover region that plating nano-metal layer is wanted in next procedure, then scalds black film or printing color rete at surface of the work.
First time plating: by magnetron sputtering method or vacuum vapour deposition, be coated with nanometer indium alloy layer, strict its thickness of control is at 50nm and sheet resistance is greater than 20 megaohms/.
Second time plating: by medium frequency twin-target sputtering method or electron beam vacuum vapour deposition, be coated with silica membrane, thickness is 120nm.
Spraying: spray highly filled UV paint or PU paint again on silica membrane surface; Also highly filled UV paint or PU paint or vacuum coating is sprayed on another surface of substrate P C.
UV solidifies: if face is painted with UV paint, then will through ultraviolet radiation-curable.
Point glue: Merlon base and protecgulum are combined closely with dotting glue method.
Milling cast gate: material handle milling unnecessary on injection molding body is removed.
Pass on and roll off the production line: product is placed on conveying belt through manipulator, be sent to test package operation.
Test package: product, through sticking mark after the assay was approved, delivers to product warehouse.
After testing, the attenuation rate that prepared radar protective cover makes the millimeter wave of radar emission pass through this protective cover is back and forth below 2db.
Embodiment four
With embodiment one, the technique unlike first time vacuum evaporation nanometer indium alloy layer is 1 × 10 in vacuum degree -2carry out three phases evaporation continuously under the vacuum degree of Pa, first stage evaporation evaporates 10s under 1.5 volts, and second stage evaporation evaporates 6s under 3.5 volts, and the phase III evaporates 3s under 5.5 volts, is coated with the nano metal layer 4 that thickness is 5nm.
The concrete grammar that second time vacuum vapour deposition is coated with described silica membrane is;
1. substrate and coating materials are put into vacuum chamber, close door for vacuum chamber, be evacuated to 5 × 10 -3pa;
2. open magnetic field power supply, be transferred to predetermined field supply, determine magnetic field intensity, to ensure that electron beam can be got on crucible;
3. filament heating power supply is opened, heat filament;
4. the high pressure accelerating power source of unlocking electronic rifle, voltage is transferred to 6KV;
5. regulate heating current and the field supply of filament, make beam spot be positioned at crucible central authorities;
6. line scanning monitor is regulated, with x-y transverse and longitudinal bi-directional drive line, and adjusting amplitude and frequency;
7. steam coating silicon dioxide film under the parameter of accelerating voltage 6KV, line 0.3A, deposition rate 0.3nm/s;
8. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 100nm.
Because the atom of thermal evaporation or the molecule energy when depositing is very low; be about 0.2ev; its surface mobility is also just very low; add that the atom that deposited or molecule can cause hatching effect to the atom deposited afterwards or molecule; evaporated film is made to be that the protective effect of silica membrane significantly reduces containing more mushy cylindrical particle aggregate structure.Therefore in silica membrane process, adopt ion-beam assisted deposition (Ionbeamassisteddeposition writes a Chinese character in simplified form IBAD), silica membrane density and adhesive force can be significantly improved, thus greatly strengthen the protective effect of silica membrane.
In silica deposit process, adopt ion-beam assisted deposition to improve density and the adhesive force of silica membrane, specifically:
A. in vacuum chamber, place ion source, operating current 16A, discharge power 100W, working gas is argon gas;
B. the ion beam energy that ion beam assisted depositing is used is the ar-ion beam of 400ev, before plated film, first carry out bombardment 1min with described ar-ion beam to described substrate, described substrate surface is cleaned and activation;
C. while cvd silicon dioxide film, with the ar-ion beam bombardment deposition surface of 400ev;
D. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 100nm.
While cvd silicon dioxide film, with the ar-ion beam bombardment deposition surface of 400ev; By momentum interchange and the intermixing of ion and film forming atom, thus significantly improve density and the adhesive force of silica coating.
Embodiment five
With embodiment one, the technique unlike first time vacuum evaporation nanometer indium alloy layer is 2 × 10 in vacuum degree -2carry out three phases evaporation continuously under the vacuum degree of Pa, first stage evaporation evaporates 12s under 2.5 volts, and second stage evaporation evaporates 6-10s under 4.5 volts, and the phase III evaporates 4s under 6.5 volts.
The concrete grammar that second time vacuum vapour deposition is coated with described silica membrane is;
1. substrate and coating materials are put into vacuum chamber, close door for vacuum chamber, be evacuated to 8 × 10 -3pa;
2. open magnetic field power supply, be transferred to predetermined field supply, determine magnetic field intensity, to ensure that electron beam can be got on crucible;
3. filament heating power supply is opened, heat filament;
4. the high pressure accelerating power source of unlocking electronic rifle, voltage is transferred to 30KV;
5. regulate heating current and the field supply of filament, make beam spot be positioned at crucible central authorities;
6. line scanning monitor is regulated, with x-y transverse and longitudinal bi-directional drive line, and adjusting amplitude and frequency;
7. steam coating silicon dioxide film under the parameter of accelerating voltage 30KV, line 1A, deposition rate 0.4nm/s;
8. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 150nm.
Because the atom of thermal evaporation or the molecule energy when depositing is very low; be about 0.2ev; its surface mobility is also just very low; add that the atom that deposited or molecule can cause hatching effect to the atom deposited afterwards or molecule; evaporated film is made to be that the protective effect of silica membrane significantly reduces containing more mushy cylindrical particle aggregate structure.Therefore in silica membrane process, adopt ion-beam assisted deposition (Ionbeamassisteddeposition writes a Chinese character in simplified form IBAD), silica membrane density and adhesive force can be significantly improved, thus greatly strengthen the protective effect of silica membrane.
In silica deposit process, adopt ion-beam assisted deposition to improve density and the adhesive force of silica membrane, specifically:
A. in vacuum chamber, place ion source, operating current 20A, discharge power 150W, working gas is argon gas;
B. the ion beam energy that ion beam assisted depositing is used is the ar-ion beam of 800ev, before plated film, first carry out bombardment 3min with described ar-ion beam to described substrate, described substrate surface is cleaned and activation;
C. while cvd silicon dioxide film, with the ar-ion beam bombardment deposition surface of 800ev;
D. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 150nm.
While cvd silicon dioxide film, with the ar-ion beam bombardment deposition surface of 800ev; By momentum interchange and the intermixing of ion and film forming atom, thus significantly improve density and the adhesive force of silica coating.
Comparative example one
With embodiment one, be zinc metal level unlike nano metal layer 4, thickness is 80nm.After testing, the attenuation rate that prepared radar protective cover makes the millimeter wave of radar emission pass through this protective cover is back and forth more than 3%.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention; it is not limitation of the present invention; those skilled in the art can make to the present embodiment the amendment not having creative contribution as required after reading this specification, as long as but be all subject to the protection of Patent Law in right of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. a preparation method for radar protective cover, is characterized in that comprising step successively:
(1) pre-treatment: dedusting is carried out to substrate (1) and cleans;
(2) thermoprint: cover the region that plating nano-metal layer is wanted in next procedure, then goes up thermoprint at substrate (1) or is printed with chromatograph (3);
(3) first time plating: adopt the region of magnetron sputtering method or vacuum vapour deposition non-thermoprint or printing described nonferrous layer (3) to be around coated with nanometer indium alloy, formation island structure, thickness is 5-50nm and sheet resistance is greater than the nano metal layer (4) of 20 megaohms/;
The metal ingredient of nano metal layer (4) be indium and account for tin that mass percent is 0-10%, gallium, silver, germanium one or more;
(4) spraying and solidification: at described nano metal layer (4) upper spray UV paint or PU paint, form coating protection layer (6) after solidification;
(5) face is coated with or Vacuum Deposition: spray UV paint or PU paint or vacuum coating on the surface at another of described substrate (1) and form reinforced layer (2);
When described island structure is nano metal layer employing vapor deposition film, first in substrate, form critical nuclei, when atom constantly deposits, core is grown up with three-dimensional, not only increase but also expand, forming island, also there will be new core simultaneously and continue to grow up into island; When island constantly expands in substrate, island can be linked to each other, and forms the passage on island; Island structure is a kind of discontinuous membrane structure.
2. the preparation method of a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (1) pre-treatment specifically first by first for gained injection molding body electrostatic precipitation, is then used hairbrush dedusting, finally adopted Dry ice cleaning.
3. the preparation method of a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 2; it is characterized in that: described step (2) covers the region that plating nano-metal layer is wanted in next procedure, be then formed with chromatograph (3) at the black film of the upper thermoprint of substrate (1) or printing 0.1-1 micron thickness or colored film layer.
4. the preparation method of a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the metal ingredient of described step (3) nano metal layer (4) is the indium alloy containing 5% quality silver.
5. the preparation method of a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the technique adopting vacuum vapour deposition to be coated with described nano metal layer (4) is in (1-2) × 10 -2carry out three phases evaporation continuously under the vacuum degree of Pa, first stage evaporation evaporates 10-12s under 1.5-2.5 volt, and second stage evaporation evaporates 6-10s under 3.5-4.5 volt, and the phase III evaporates 3-4s under 5.5-6.5 volt.
6. the preparation method of a kind of radar protective cover according to any one of claim 1-5; it is characterized in that: described preparation method carries out second time plating after being also included in the plating of described first time: adopt intermediate frequency twin-target sputtering method or electron beam vacuum vapour deposition to be coated with the oxide film that thickness is 100-150nm on described nano metal layer (4), form protective oxide film (5).
7. the preparation method of a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described oxide film is silica membrane.
8. the preparation method of a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: adopt electron beam vacuum vapour deposition to be coated with in the equipment of described silica membrane, main element is the evaporation source comprising electron gun, field coil and crucible, and described electron gun comprises the anode of the filament of electron emission, the focusing electrode converging electronics and acceleration electronics; Described field coil and accelerating field perpendicular.
9. the preparation method of a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 8; it is characterized in that: the negative pole of the filament parallel high pressure accelerating power source of described electron gun; voltage is 6-30KV, and electronics accelerated motion under high voltage electric field effect forms electron beam, and line is 0.3-1A.
10. the preparation method of a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described crucible is oxygen-free copper crucible.
The preparation method of 11. a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 10, is characterized in that: the method adopting vacuum vapour deposition to be coated with described silica membrane is:
1. substrate and coating materials are put into vacuum chamber, close door for vacuum chamber, be evacuated to (5-8) × 10 -3pa;
2. open magnetic field power supply, be transferred to predetermined field supply, determine magnetic field intensity, to ensure that electron beam can be got on crucible;
3. filament heating power supply is opened, heat filament;
4. the high pressure accelerating power source of unlocking electronic rifle, voltage is transferred to 6-30KV;
5. regulate heating current and the field supply of filament, make beam spot be positioned at crucible central authorities;
6. line scanning monitor is regulated, with x-y transverse and longitudinal bi-directional drive line, and adjusting amplitude and frequency;
7. steam coating silicon dioxide film under the parameter of accelerating voltage 6-30KV, line 0.3-1A, deposition rate 0.3-0.4nm/s;
8. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 100-150nm.
The preparation method of 12. a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 11, is characterized in that: in silica deposit process, adopt ion-beam assisted deposition to improve density and the adhesive force of silica membrane, specifically:
A. in vacuum chamber, place ion source, operating current 16-20A, discharge power 100-150W, working gas is argon gas;
B. the ion beam energy that ion beam assisted depositing is used is the ar-ion beam of 400-800ev, before plated film, first carry out bombardment 1-5min with described ar-ion beam to described substrate, described substrate surface is cleaned and activation;
C. while cvd silicon dioxide film, with the ar-ion beam bombardment deposition surface of 400-800ev;
D. with the deposit thickness of quartz crystal vibration thickness instrument control silica membrane, terminate to plated film during 100-150nm.
The preparation method of 13. a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described step (4) is painted or PU paint formation coating protection layer (6) at the UV of described protective oxide film (5) upper spraying 10-25 micron thickness.
The preparation method of 14. a kind of radar protective cover according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described step (5) sprays UV paint of 10-25 micron thickness or PU paint or vacuum coating on the surface at another of described substrate (1) and forms reinforced layer (2).
The preparation method of 15. a kind of radar protective cover according to any one of claim 1-5, is characterized in that: described preparation method toasts before being also included in pre-treatment step.
The preparation method of 16. a kind of radar protective cover according to any one of claim 1-5; it is characterized in that: described radar protective cover also comprises the base (7) being arranged on described substrate (1) rear; described substrate (1) and described base (7) are polycarbonate plate, and described substrate (1) and described base (7) are combined closely by dotting glue method.
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CN107719264A (en) * 2017-10-17 2018-02-23 湖州泰和汽车零部件有限公司 A kind of manufacture method of vehicle label
CN110874995A (en) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-10 大方盛德汽车科技扬州有限公司 Luminous label with metal surface effect and manufacturing method thereof
CN109828260A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-05-31 福建富兰光学有限公司 A kind of optical function face and its laser radar outer cover using the optical function face
CN111020514A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-17 深圳Tcl数字技术有限公司 Composite structure and method of making same
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