CN103951075B - A kind of ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler preparation and application based on mesh carrier - Google Patents

A kind of ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler preparation and application based on mesh carrier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103951075B
CN103951075B CN201410137214.3A CN201410137214A CN103951075B CN 103951075 B CN103951075 B CN 103951075B CN 201410137214 A CN201410137214 A CN 201410137214A CN 103951075 B CN103951075 B CN 103951075B
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China
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ammonia oxidizing
oxidizing bacteria
carrier
biological active
mesh
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201410137214.3A
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CN103951075A (en
Inventor
杨宏
吴城锋
管清坤
尚海源
陈伟
鄢琳
王小乐
王猛
孟婷
陶慕翔
胡希佳
赵月兰
王玉洁
姚仁达
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

A kind of ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler preparation and application based on mesh carrier, belongs to water-treatment technology field. Fixed type biological active filler is made up of embedding body and carrier two parts; Carrier is taking polyethylene, polypropylene as main material, and adds the sheet shape mesh carrier that polyvinyl alcohol water wetted material forms through hot melt or sheet material hot pressing; The network structure of carrier, can make embedding body run through mesh and carrier forms rivet clasp structure and increases filler resistance to overturning; Embedding liquid is mixed and is formed by ammonia oxidizing bacteria concentrate and poly-vinyl alcohol solution; Embedding liquid is evenly coated on mesh carrier, forms embedding body after boric acid secondary cross-linking, and is incorporated into mesh carrier and obtains ammonia oxidizing bacteria biological active filling material. The ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler that the present invention is prepared, has not only solved nitrobacteria advantage and has set up the problem such as difficulty, easy loss, and improved reactor for treatment ability, has shortened start-up time, has broad application prospects.

Description

A kind of ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler preparation and application based on mesh carrier
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-treatment technology field, particularly a kind of ammonia oxidizing bacteria based on mesh carrier is fixedChange fixed type biological active filler preparation and application.
Background technology
Now, ammonia and nitrogen pollution problem is more and more serious, and ammonia nitrogen becomes 12 and reduces discharging new binding target, promotesThe ammonia and nitrogen pollution level of preventing and treating becomes the necessary behave that improves quality of water environment. At present, ammonia nitrogen waste water treatment method dividesFor three major types, physico-chemical process, biochemical process and advanced oxidation processes. Biochemical process is due to technical maturity, stable performance, quiltBe known as is a kind of economy, effective and the most rising method. Biochemical process comprises activated sludge process and biologyEmbrane method. In traditional activated sludge process, keep amount of bacteria by sludge reflux, want to obtain high efficiency and just must increaseLarge capacity of returns keeps high bacterial concentration, will cause like this operating cost to rise, obviously unactual. In addition,The generation cycle of nitrobacteria is long, and increment speed is slow, causes in reactor nitrobacteria concentration low, treatment effeciencyBe difficult to improve. Be subject to seasonal effect large. Summer temp raises, and biochemical speed is fast, and to winter, the large portion in the northPoint Sewage Plant all can face thread microbial sludge bulking problem, causes nitrifier to be run off, and then causes water outletAmmonia nitrogen exceeds standard. Therefore, can consider that applying biological embrane method makes up the shortcoming in activated sludge process, but biomembraneMethod has problems equally, and for nitrobacteria, poor due to self film forming ability, the natural membrane time veryLong, and natural membrane non-selectivity, is difficult to form highdensity flora advantage. Various reasons shows, passesSystem biochemical process cannot reach efficient nitrification efficiency.
Nitration reaction is that ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) acting in conjunction complete, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to sub-nitrogen by AOB, and sub-nitrogen is further changed into nitre nitrogen by NOB. Short distance nitration claims again AsiaNitrated, this technique can reduce 25% nitrated oxygen demand, 40% denitrifying carbon source, 50% sludge yield andDenitrification pool volume.
Microbial cell immobilization technology can increase substantially microorganism concn, makes microorganism be difficult for running off, contractingShort reaction device start-up time, mithridatism and acid and alkali-resistance, salt resistance ability obviously strengthen, can purifying and to create characteristic thinThe ecological dominance of bacterium, produces characteristic highly effective reaction, has a good application prospect. What microbial cell was conventional consolidatesDetermining method has absorption method, cross-linking method and investment. Wherein, the most conventional with investment, be successfully used toThe material of microbial cell embedding has: polyvinyl alcohol, agar, K ?carragheen, gelatin, sodium alginate, poly-thirdAlkene acid amides, polyurethane etc. Above-mentioned embedded material has microorganism nontoxicity, mass-transfer performance is good, difficult is given birth toThe features such as thing decomposition, stable in properties, mechanical strength is high, the life-span is long, price is low.
At present, traditional bacterium embedding method is that bacterium and embedded material are combined, and forms embedding body,Such as microballoon, embedded block etc. The method is simple to operate, but limitation is large, cannot ideal application to engineering realityIn the middle of. We,, through research for many years, improve on traditional embedding method, and embedding body is combined with carrierTogether, form overall biological active filling material. Due to the combination of embedding body and carrier, make biologically activeFiller has more performance, and it has inherited all advantages of original simple bacterium and embedded material; Due to carrierThe application of material makes biological active filling material have the characteristic that various carriers have, and for example specific area is large, difficultThe advantages such as obstruction. Experimental study shows, utilizes existing Raschig ring, Pall ring, cascade ring, suspension modified filling outThe conventional carriers such as material and embedding body combine by adhesion mode the biological active filling material making and all have entiretyPoor stability, embedding body easily comes off, and causes the problems such as bacterium loss.
For the problems referred to above, the immobilized biological activated filler that it is good that we develop a kind of resistance to overturning has extensivelyGeneral application prospect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to develop a kind of fixed life of ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization based on mesh carrierThing active filler, the network structure design of this biological active filling material carrier, makes embedding body by mesh and carrier shapeBecome overall rivet clasp structure, embedding body difficult drop-off, and embedding physical efficiency forms millimetre-sized on network structureMembrane structure, makes the biological active filling material resistance to overturning that makes good, and overall permeability is good, and mass transfer effect is higher.In addition, biological active filling material is fixed in reactor by frame structure supporter, and filler can not run off with current,Treatment effect is stable. Short distance nitration technique has not only been saved the energy and has also been reduced expense.
In order to realize above-mentioned state, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A preparation for ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler based on mesh carrier, its featureBe: taking polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, ABS resin macromolecular material as main, add 6wt% ?9wt%Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) water wetted material, makes the vertical of sheet shape by strand hot melt or sheet material hot pressing pore-forming modeBody network structure carrier; Described shape mesh carrier length be 0.1 ?3m, wide be 0.1 ?3m; Mesh can be circle,Rhombus, square, rectangle; String diameter be 0.4 ?2mm; Taking municipal wastewater treatment plant second pond excess sludge as bacterium source,By the ammonia oxidizing bacteria bacteria suspension centrifugal concentrating after screening enrichment culture, obtain 108‐1010The ammoxidation of individual/mLBacterium concentrate; According to Ju Yi Xi Chun ?boric acid secondary cross-linking method, by ammonia oxidizing bacteria concentrate and polyethyleneAlcoholic solution mixes, and adds calcium carbonate and be prepared into embedding liquid, polyvinyl alcohol mass concentration be 80 ?100g/L, carbonAcid calcium mass concentration is 10 ?40g/L; Above-mentioned embedding liquid is uniformly coated on mesh carrier, puts into saturated boric acidIn solution 1 ?after 3h, regulate BAS pH to 8 ?10, crosslinked 3 ?24h; Taken out, cleaned surface residualStay material, obtain the ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler based on mesh carrier.
By some described ammonia oxidizing bacteria biological active filling materials of making based on sheet shape mesh carrier by frame structureSupporter is fixed in reactor for water treatment.
The beneficial effect of the immobilization fixed type biological active filler based on mesh carrier of the present invention is mainBe embodied in:
1. cancellated design, makes ammonia oxidizing bacteria embedding body form overall rivet clasp structure by mesh and carrier,Embedding body difficult drop-off, makes the ammonia oxidizing bacteria biological active filling material resistance to overturning that makes good, is conducive toKeep higher ammonia oxidizing bacteria concentration, nitrosation efficiency is high;
2. the immobilized biological activated filler bag of ammonia oxidizing bacteria bacterium amount is large, can set up ammoxidation flora advantage, realizes shortJourney is nitrated, and nitrosation efficiency is high;
3. mesh carrier is main material by polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, ABS resin, has added5wt% ?polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) water wetted material of 10wt%, improved the hydrophily of carrier, increased yearThe intensity of body and ammonia oxidizing bacteria embedding body bonding, has improved overall stability;
4. ammonia oxidizing bacteria biological active filling material is because the existence of mesh skeleton structure makes ammonia oxidizing bacteria embedding body passableWhen implementation structure thickness is less, do not lose again the variability of overall structure to water treatment running environment, lessThickness can realize higher mass-transfer efficiency and the higher utilization rate of embedding body, if use ammonia oxidizing bacteria bagBurying body self material makes thickness like this cannot realize good filler in water treatment technology processing unitCan;
5. ammonia oxidizing bacteria biological active filling material is fixed in reactor by frame structure supporter, can carry out efficient AsiaNitrated processing;
6. the surface area of biological active filling material is all effective area, has avoided the waste of material;
7. ammonia oxidizing bacteria population advantage can be oxidized to ammonia control sub-nitrogen, realizes short distance nitration and has not only saved energySource has also reduced expense.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ammonia oxidizing bacteria sheet shape biological active filling material schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 I ?I generalized section;
Fig. 3 be Fig. 1 II ?II generalized section;
Fig. 4 is ammonia oxidizing bacteria fixed type biological active filler schematic diagram.
1. twines in figure, 2. embedding body, 3. frame structure supporter.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with case study on implementation, the present invention is more specifically described, but embodiments of the present invention are not limitIn this.
Embodiment 1
1. the preparation of a shape mesh carrier
Taking high molecular polymers such as polypropylene as main material, add polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) parent of 5wt%Water material, system is grown into 0.8m, and wide is the sheet shape mesh carrier of 0.15m, and its mesh is shaped as the length of side2mm square, string diameter is 0.8mm.
2. the processing of ammonia oxidizing bacteria
Taking municipal wastewater treatment plant second pond excess sludge as bacterium source, by the ammonia oxidizing bacteria after screening enrichment cultureBacteria suspension centrifugal concentrating, obtains 3.5 × 109The ammonia oxidizing bacteria concentrate of individual/mL.
3. obtaining of ammonia oxidizing bacteria embedding liquid
Weighing polyvinyl alcohol 5kg, adds to be heated to 90 DEG C after 25L ultra-pure water and to dissolve 15min, and taking-up is stirredAfter mixing evenly, be heated to again 90 DEG C and dissolve 5min, after taking-up, stir and be cooled to 30 DEG C, by 25LPoly-vinyl alcohol solution and the 25L ammonia oxidizing bacteria concentrate preparing mix, and add 100g calcium carbonate,After stirring, make 50L ammonia oxidizing bacteria embedding liquid.
4. the combination of embedding liquid and mesh carrier
Ammonia oxidizing bacteria embedding liquid is uniformly coated on to mesh carrier surface, guarantees mesh carrier surface allCovered evenly by embedding liquid.
5. the preparation of fixed ammonia oxidizing bacteria biological active filling material
The mesh carrier of smearing embedding liquid in step (4) is put into saturated BAS, make it in floodingNo state, leave standstill 3h, regulator solution pH to 9.0, standing 4h completes immobilization, cleans, and obtains ammoniaOxidizing bacteria biological active filling material.
6. the application of fixed ammonia oxidizing bacteria biological active filling material
It is 1.5m that ammonia oxidizing bacteria biological active filling material is fixed on long by frame structure supporter, is widely0.6m, high 1.0m, 0.9m3Cube reactor in, longitudinally constant spacing is 10cm, is 13,Laterally parallelly fix 3 groups, every group of constant spacing is 5cm, totally 42. 20 ± 2 DEG C of water temperatures, HRT=2h,Water inlet NH4 +?N concentration be 70mg/L, dissolved oxygen be 1.0 ?1.5mg/L, measure the nitrated of Aerobic Pond on timeAbility, testing result shows, reactor reaches stable state, water outlet NH cultivating after 1 week4 +?N denseDegree is below 5mg/L, and clearance is more than 92.8%, and sub-nitrogen accumulates all more than 95%. Move 1 yearAfter still without embedding body obscission, nitrosation effect stability.
Above-mentioned example shows, utilizes mesh carrier to carry out ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization and prepares fixed type biological workThe operating process of property filler is simple, and the overall rivet clasp structure that embedding body and carrier form by mesh, makes to makeGood, the embedding body difficult drop-off of ammonia oxidizing bacteria biological active filling material resistance to overturning, ammonia oxidizing bacteria is denseSpend higher, form dominant population, be fixed in reactor by frame structure supporter, filler can be with waterStream runs off, and treatment effect is stable, efficient, has good application prospect.

Claims (3)

1. a preparation method for the ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler based on mesh carrier, is characterized in that: withPolyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene or ABS resin macromolecular material are main, add 6wt%-9wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)Water wetted material, makes the space network carrier of sheet shape by strand hot melt or sheet material hot pressing pore-forming mode; With city dirtWater factory's second pond excess sludge is bacterium source, by the ammonia oxidizing bacteria bacteria suspension centrifugal concentrating after screening enrichment culture, obtains108-1010The ammonia oxidizing bacteria concentrate of individual/mL is according to polyvinyl alcohol-boric acid secondary cross-linking method, dense by ammonia oxidizing bacteriaContracting liquid and poly-vinyl alcohol solution mix, and add calcium carbonate and be prepared into embedding liquid, and polyvinyl alcohol mass concentration is 80-100g/L,Calcium carbonate mass concentration is 10-40g/L; Above-mentioned embedding liquid is uniformly coated on space network carrier, puts into saturated boronIn acid solution, after 1-3h, regulate BAS pH to 8-10, crosslinked 3-24h; Taken out, cleaned remained on surface material,Obtain the ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler based on mesh carrier, string diameter is 0.4-2mm; Described shapeMesh carrier is long is 0.1-3m, and wide is 0.1-3m; Mesh is circle, rhombus, square or rectangle.
2. the ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological activity based on mesh carrier preparing according to the method for claim 1 is filled outMaterial.
3. the ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological activity based on mesh carrier preparing according to the method for claim 1 is filled outMaterial is fixed in reactor for water treatment by frame structure supporter.
CN201410137214.3A 2014-04-04 2014-04-04 A kind of ammonia oxidizing bacteria immobilization fixed type biological active filler preparation and application based on mesh carrier Expired - Fee Related CN103951075B (en)

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