CN103936884A - Method for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells - Google Patents
Method for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells Download PDFInfo
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- CN103936884A CN103936884A CN201410157272.2A CN201410157272A CN103936884A CN 103936884 A CN103936884 A CN 103936884A CN 201410157272 A CN201410157272 A CN 201410157272A CN 103936884 A CN103936884 A CN 103936884A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting chitin from shrimp and crab shells. The method comprises the following steps: raw material treatment, ultrasonic treatment, high-pressure treatment, acid treatment, and drying to obtain the product. Compared with the existing acid and alkali treatment, microbiological treatment and the like, the method has the advantages that the time is greatly shortened, and the obtained chitin is high in yield and high in content.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of chitin, be specifically related to a kind of from shrimp and crab shells the method for chitin extraction.
Background technology
Chitin (Chitin), also claim chitin, within 1811, found by French scholar Bu Lakenuo (Braconno), within 1823, extracted from crustacean shell by Ou Jier (0dier), and called after CHITIN, translated name is chitin.Chitin has anticancer, suppresses cancer, oncocyte transfer, improves body immunity and liver detoxification effect.Be particularly useful for the diseases such as diabetes, liver-kidney diseases, hypertension, obesity, be conducive to prevent cancer cells pathology and chemoradiation therapy treatment tumor disease.And torpescence on chitin chemistry, does not change with body fluid, and can not organize foreign body reaction, nontoxic, there is antithrombotic, the feature such as high temperature-resistant disinfected.Chitin is to be only second to second largest renewable resources on the cellulosic earth, occurring in nature, and arthropods, as shrimp, crab etc., contains chitin up to 58-85%; Shrimp shell, crab shell are the wastes in aquatic products processing industry, and output is huge, and cost is lower, contain the chitosan after abundant chitin and deacetylation thereof.Extract chitosan wherein, after modification, can be applicable to all respects, can realize the efficient utilization of waste and the utilization of resources is maximized, produce huge economy and social benefit.
Various countries deepen constantly the applied research of chitosan at present, but its mass-producing application is still limited.China's research is in this respect started late, and achievement in research is limited, therefore should add the extraction and application research of chitosan in prawn shell, crab shell, to obtaining larger Social benefit and economic benefit.In shrimp shell, crab shell, the preparation method of chitosan mainly contains acid-base method and microbe fermentation method.Acid-base method is to utilize at present shrimp shell, crab shell to extract to prepare the most general method of chitin and chitosan, is also the current industrial main method of utilizing on a large scale shrimp shell to prepare chitin and chitosan.As Chinese patent CN101176549A, disclose a kind of from shrimp shell the method for chitin extraction and biologically active substance thereof: new fresh shrimp shell is placed in to microwave oven and heats, then be placed in NaOH solution and boil 1-2 hour, immerse again in HCl solution and soak, shrimp housing is processed once with NaOH solution again, immerse in HCl solution, soak after the placement decolouring of being exposed to the sun in the sun, obtain chitin finished product.The chitin content that such processing obtains is low.Another method is microbe fermentation method.Microbe fermentation method taking shrimp shell and the first-class waste of shrimp as bed material, utilizes microorganism to produce acid in its growth and breeding process and demineralizes, and produces proteolytic enzyme and removes protein.There is report, utilize a strain Bacterium lacticum BR-3 who is separated to from shrimp shell, be 10% in inoculum size, glucose concn is 4.5%, solid-to-liquid ratio is that 1: 3, leavening temperature are under 35 DEG C, the fermentation time condition that is 3-4d, can obtain ash oontent lower than 6% chitin, but light microbiological treatment like this, the time is long.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of technical maturity, be convenient to the method for chitin extraction from shrimp and crab shells of producing.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
From shrimp and crab shells, a method for chitin extraction, comprises the steps:
A. raw material processing: shrimp head and/or crab shell are cleaned to rear rubbing with pure water;
B. ultrasonication: in the raw material after rubbing, add the pure water of 10-20 times of weight, ultrasonication 10-20min, operative temperature 25-45 DEG C, power is 200-300W, filter residue is collected in filtration after completing;
C. autoclaving: the filter residue that step b is obtained, add pure water, keep 20-40min in 110-121 DEG C of high pressure, filter, collect filter residue;
D. acid treatment: obtain adding the hydrochloric acid soln that is equivalent to filter residue 1-3 times quality in filter residue to step c, soak 1h, be washed to neutrality, centrifugal, after being dried, obtain chitin.
Preferably, described in steps d, the concentration of hydrochloric acid soln is 1.0-3.0mol/L.
Preferably, described in steps d, be dried as lyophilize.
The chitin that adopts method of the present invention to obtain, has following proterties:
White or canescence, amorphous translucent solid, is dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, glacial acetic acid, 78-97% phosphoric acid, water insoluble, diluted acid, alkali, ethanol and other organic solvents.
Adopt method of the present invention taking shrimp and crab shells as raw material chitin extraction, compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention:
1, the present invention is applied to ultrasonic wave and pressure technique in the production of chitin, and technical maturity, reliable, is applicable to large-scale production.
2, compare traditional acid-base method, the present invention is reaction conditions gentleness not only, power consumption is few, its quality is better than the chitin that classical acid alkaline process obtains, and treating processes can hydrolyzing chitin, can obtain the chitin product of larger molecular weight, can not produce in addition a large amount of acid-base waste fluids, environmentally friendly.
2, compare traditional acid-base method, microbe fermentation method, the present invention adopts ultrasonication and autoclaving, and the time of whole operation shortens dramatically.
Embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
From shrimp and crab shells, a method for chitin extraction, comprises the steps:
A. raw material processing: rub after 10kg shrimp head is cleaned with pure water;
B. ultrasonication: in the raw material after rubbing, add the pure water of 10 times of weight, ultrasonication 10min, 25 DEG C of operative temperatures, power is 300W, filter residue is collected in filtration after completing;
C. autoclaving: the filter residue that step b is obtained, add pure water, keep 40min in 121 DEG C of high pressure, filter, collect filter residue;
D. acid treatment: obtain adding the 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid soln that is equivalent to the same quality of filter residue in filter residue to step c, soak 1h, be washed to neutrality, centrifugal, after lyophilize, obtain chitin 1.82kg, content 98.5%.
Embodiment 2:
From shrimp and crab shells, a method for chitin extraction, comprises the steps:
A. raw material processing: rub after 10kg crab shell is cleaned with pure water;
B. ultrasonication: in the raw material after rubbing, add the pure water of 20 times of weight, ultrasonication 20min, 45 DEG C of operative temperatures, power is 200W, filter residue is collected in filtration after completing;
C. autoclaving: the filter residue that step b is obtained, add pure water, keep 20min in 121 DEG C of high pressure, filter, collect filter residue;
D. acid treatment: obtain adding the 3.0mol/L hydrochloric acid soln that is equivalent to 3 times of quality of filter residue in filter residue to step c, soak 1h, be washed to neutrality, centrifugal, after lyophilize, obtain chitin 1.93kg, content 98.6%.
Embodiment 3:
From shrimp and crab shells, a method for chitin extraction, comprises the steps:
A. raw material processing: 10kg shrimp head and crab shell are cleaned to rear rubbing with pure water;
B. ultrasonication: in the raw material after rubbing, add the pure water of 15 times of weight, ultrasonication 15min, 30 DEG C of operative temperatures, power is 250W, filter residue is collected in filtration after completing;
C. autoclaving: the filter residue that step b is obtained, add pure water, keep 30min in 115 DEG C of high pressure, filter, collect filter residue;
D. acid treatment: obtain adding the 3.0mol/L hydrochloric acid soln that is equivalent to 2 times of quality of filter residue in filter residue to step c, soak 1h, be washed to neutrality, centrifugal, after lyophilize, obtain chitin 1.88kg, content 99.1%.
Claims (3)
1. a method for chitin extraction from shrimp and crab shells, comprises the steps:
A. raw material processing: shrimp head and/or crab shell are cleaned to rear rubbing with pure water;
B. ultrasonication: in the raw material after rubbing, add the pure water of 10-20 times of weight, ultrasonication 10-20min, operative temperature 25-45 DEG C, power is 200-300W, filter residue is collected in filtration after completing;
C. autoclaving: the filter residue that step b is obtained, add pure water, keep 20-40min in 110-121 DEG C of high pressure, filter, collect filter residue;
D. acid treatment: obtain adding the hydrochloric acid soln that is equivalent to filter residue 1-3 times quality in filter residue to step c, soak 1h, be washed to neutrality, centrifugal, after being dried, obtain chitin.
According to claim 1 from shrimp and crab shells the method for chitin extraction, it is characterized in that: described in steps d, the concentration of hydrochloric acid soln is 1.0-3.0mol/L.
According to claim 1 from shrimp and crab shells the method for chitin extraction, it is characterized in that: described in steps d, be dried as lyophilize.
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| CN201410157272.2A CN103936884B (en) | 2014-04-18 | 2014-04-18 | A kind of method of chitin extraction from shrimp and crab shells |
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| CN201410157272.2A CN103936884B (en) | 2014-04-18 | 2014-04-18 | A kind of method of chitin extraction from shrimp and crab shells |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104277141A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-14 | 陈冬年 | Method for extracting chitin from dried shrimp shells |
| CN106519075A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-03-22 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Process for extracting chitin from oyster shells |
| CN106519076A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-03-22 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Process for extracting chitosan from oyster shells |
| CN106589165A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-04-26 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting chitin from oyster shells |
| CN106632729A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | Process for extracting chitin from shrimps and crabs |
| CN106699926A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-24 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | Technology for extracting chitosan from shrimps and craps |
| CN106749761A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | The technique of chitin extraction from shrimp crab |
| CN106832053A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-13 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | A kind of technique that shitosan is extracted in the crab from shrimp |
| CN106832057A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of low polymerization degree chitin |
| CN112920291A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-08 | 上海海洋大学 | Squid sector bone beta-chitosan and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104277141A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-14 | 陈冬年 | Method for extracting chitin from dried shrimp shells |
| CN104277141B (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-09-07 | 陈冬年 | A kind of method of chitin extraction from dry shrimp shell |
| CN106519075A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-03-22 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Process for extracting chitin from oyster shells |
| CN106519076A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-03-22 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Process for extracting chitosan from oyster shells |
| CN106589165A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-04-26 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Method for extracting chitin from oyster shells |
| CN106632729A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | Process for extracting chitin from shrimps and crabs |
| CN106699926A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-24 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | Technology for extracting chitosan from shrimps and craps |
| CN106749761A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | The technique of chitin extraction from shrimp crab |
| CN106832053A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-13 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | A kind of technique that shitosan is extracted in the crab from shrimp |
| CN106832057A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of low polymerization degree chitin |
| CN112920291A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-08 | 上海海洋大学 | Squid sector bone beta-chitosan and preparation method and application thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20201221 Address after: 224000 8th floor, talent building, panhuang street, Yandu District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province (Julong Road) (E) Patentee after: Jiangsu Yancheng Yandu Modern Agricultural Industrial Park Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 535099 lihejiang Industrial Park, Qinnan District, Qinzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee before: GUANGXI ALSO BEADS MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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