CN103934642A - Steel cold-extrusion process - Google Patents
Steel cold-extrusion process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103934642A CN103934642A CN201410177805.3A CN201410177805A CN103934642A CN 103934642 A CN103934642 A CN 103934642A CN 201410177805 A CN201410177805 A CN 201410177805A CN 103934642 A CN103934642 A CN 103934642A
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- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steel cold-extrusion process. The steel cold-extrusion process includes the steps of sawing low-alloy steel into blanks and carrying out annealing processing, machining, oil removing, parkerising, saponificatoin, washing, cold-extrusion, hot isostatic pressing, carburizing nitrogen processing, surface homogenization, laser phase-change hardening processing, shot blasting, tempering and finishing turning. The process can be used for manufacturing steel products which are uniform in texture, little in residual stress and high in strength and is suitable for being used for machining steel materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel cold-extrusion technology, belong to cold extrusion processing technology field.
Background technology
Cold extrusion is that metal blank is placed in mold cavity, at room temperature, exerts pressure to the metal blank in mold cavity by forcing press, makes blank produce plastic deformation and makes the technique of member.At present, for the steel blank of the materials such as mild steel, medium carbon steel, bearing steel, high-speed steel, low-alloy steel and stainless steel, all can adopt cold-extrusion technology to process moulding.As Chinese patent literature CN103173599A discloses the cold extrusion method of a kind of high accuracy, high strength steel material, hot-rolled low-alloy structured steel pipe is carried out, after the technical process such as normalized treatment, pickling, cleaning neutralization, phosphatization, saponification, cold extrusion and destressing processing, obtain mechanical performance and dimensional accuracy compared with the steel pipe of the obvious raising of original material.
But the steel pipe material uniformity obtaining after above-mentioned cold extrusion is poor, causes follow-up destressing to be processed and still make the remaining a large amount of stress of steel, thereby cause the intensity of gained steel poor.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the material lack of homogeneity of steel pipe after cold extrusion in prior art, causes the residual stress in steel to remove, and steel strength is low; And then the steel cold-extrusion technology that a kind of gained steel are homogeneous, residual stress is few, intensity is high proposed.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of steel cold-extrusion technology, comprise,
(1) low-alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in to high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out annealing in process, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 6-9h, be incubated 9-15h after being down to 650-800 DEG C by 4-7h, naturally cool to afterwards room temperature;
(3) machined is carried out in the surface of blank after annealing in process;
(4) blank after machined is carried out to oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and clean;
(5) blank after cleaning is placed in after the sealing of mould jacket, adopts hydraulic press to carry out cold extrusion;
(6) the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed is taken out, be placed in high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and process, pressure is 100-150MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, and processing time 30min, obtains semi-finished product;
(7) semi-finished product are taken out and packed into heating clamber in mould jacket, after vacuumizing, pass into the mist of nitrogen and carbon monoxide, be heated to the 650-750 DEG C of carburizing nitrogen processing of carrying out 3h, gas pressure is 0.2MPa, and in mist, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) semi-finished product after treatment carburizing nitrogen are flooded to 2h in surperficial levelling agent, in weight portion, described surperficial levelling agent is made up of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphate of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl diphenylamines of 0.005 part and the BHT of 3 parts;
(9) semi-finished product that take out in surperficial levelling agent carry out laser transformation hardening processing, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s;
(10) adopt shot-blast cleaning machine to process to semi-finished product after treatment, remove surface film oxide;
(11) semi-finished product after ball blast are carried out to temper, temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to afterwards room temperature;
(12) semi-finished product after tempering being carried out to finish turning processes.
In step (4), described cleaning comprise pickling and in and cleaning process.
In step (5), cold-stamped pressure is 150-300MPa, and the cold-stamped time is 1h.
In step (8), semi-finished product are immersed in the surperficial levelling agent of 30-50 DEG C.
In step (9), laser energy is 103-105W.
The present invention has following beneficial effect compared with prior art scheme:
(1) steel cold-extrusion technology of the present invention, after described Steel material jagsaw material, annealing, machined, oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, cleaning, cold extrusion, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), carburizing nitrogen, surperficial homogenizing, laser transformation hardening, ball blast, tempering, finish turning are processed, the steel that obtain are homogeneous, residual stress is few, thereby obtained high-intensity steel; Avoided in prior art steel pipe material uniformity poor, follow-up destressing processing makes the remaining a large amount of stress of steel, causes the poor problem of intensity of gained steel.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Steel cold-extrusion technology of the present invention, comprises,
(1) low-alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in to high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out annealing in process, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 9h, be incubated 9-10h after being down to 650-700 DEG C by 6-7h, naturally cool to afterwards room temperature;
(3) machined is carried out in the surface of blank after annealing in process;
(4) blank after machined is carried out to oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and clean;
(5) blank after cleaning is placed in after the sealing of mould jacket, adopts hydraulic press to carry out cold extrusion, pressure is 150MPa, and the cold extrusion time is 1h;
(6) the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed is taken out, be placed in high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and process, pressure is 100-150MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, and processing time 30min, obtains semi-finished product;
(7) semi-finished product are taken out and packed into heating clamber in mould jacket, after vacuumizing, pass into the mist of nitrogen and carbon monoxide, be heated to the 650-750 DEG C of carburizing nitrogen processing of carrying out 3h, gas pressure is 0.2MPa, and in mist, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) semi-finished product after treatment carburizing nitrogen are flooded to 2h in surperficial levelling agent, in weight portion, described surperficial levelling agent is made up of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphate of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl diphenylamines of 0.005 part and the BHT of 3 parts;
(9) semi-finished product that take out in surperficial levelling agent carry out laser transformation hardening processing, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s;
(10) adopt shot-blast cleaning machine to process to semi-finished product after treatment, remove surface film oxide;
(11) semi-finished product after ball blast are carried out to temper, temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to afterwards room temperature;
(12) semi-finished product after tempering are carried out to finish turning processing, obtain steel bar 1.
Embodiment 2
Steel cold-extrusion technology of the present invention, comprises,
(1) low-alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in to high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out annealing in process, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 6h, be incubated 9-15h after being down to 700-800 DEG C by 4-5h, naturally cool to afterwards room temperature;
(3) machined is carried out in the surface of blank after annealing in process;
(4) blank after machined is carried out to oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and carry out pickling and neutralization cleaning;
(5) blank after cleaning is placed in after the sealing of mould jacket, adopts hydraulic press to carry out cold extrusion, pressure is 300MPa, and the cold extrusion time is 1h;
(6) the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed is taken out, be placed in high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and process, pressure is 100-150 DEG C of MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, and processing time 30min, obtains semi-finished product;
(7) semi-finished product are taken out and packed into heating clamber in mould jacket, after vacuumizing, pass into the mist of nitrogen and carbon monoxide, be heated to the 650-750 DEG C of carburizing nitrogen processing of carrying out 3h, gas pressure is 0.2MPa, and in mist, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) semi-finished product after treatment carburizing nitrogen are flooded to 2h in surperficial levelling agent, in weight portion, described surperficial levelling agent is made up of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphate of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl diphenylamines of 0.005 part and the BHT of 3 parts;
(9) semi-finished product that take out in surperficial levelling agent carry out laser transformation hardening processing, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s;
(10) adopt shot-blast cleaning machine to process to semi-finished product after treatment, remove surface film oxide;
(11) semi-finished product after ball blast are carried out to temper, temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to afterwards room temperature;
(12) semi-finished product after tempering are carried out to finish turning processing, obtain steel bar 2.
Embodiment 3
Steel cold-extrusion technology of the present invention, comprises,
(1) low-alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in to high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out annealing in process, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 8h, be incubated 9-15h after being down to 700-800 DEG C by 4-5h, naturally cool to afterwards room temperature;
(3) machined is carried out in the surface of blank after annealing in process;
(4) blank after machined is carried out to oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and carry out pickling and neutralization cleaning;
(5) blank after cleaning is placed in after the sealing of mould jacket, adopts hydraulic press to carry out cold extrusion, cold-stamped pressure is 200MPa, and the cold-stamped time is 1h;
(6) the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed is taken out, be placed in high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and process, pressure is 100-150MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, and processing time 30min, obtains semi-finished product;
(7) semi-finished product are taken out and packed into heating clamber in mould jacket, after vacuumizing, pass into the mist of nitrogen and carbon monoxide, be heated to the 650-750 DEG C of carburizing nitrogen processing of carrying out 3h, gas pressure is 0.2MPa, and in mist, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) semi-finished product after treatment carburizing nitrogen are flooded to 2h in the surperficial levelling agent of 30-50 DEG C, in weight portion, described surperficial levelling agent is made up of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphate of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl diphenylamines of 0.005 part and the BHT of 3 parts;
(9) semi-finished product that take out in surperficial levelling agent carry out laser transformation hardening processing, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s, and laser energy is 103-105W;
(10) adopt shot-blast cleaning machine to process to semi-finished product after treatment, remove surface film oxide;
(11) semi-finished product after ball blast are carried out to temper, temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to afterwards room temperature;
(12) semi-finished product after tempering are carried out to finish turning processing, obtain steel bar 3.
Comparative example
By low-alloy steel at 900 DEG C through normalized treatment, crystal grain thinning; Then carry out the surface treatment of pickling, cleaning neutralization, phosphatization, saponification; Obtain semi-finished product by cold extrusion, semi-finished product, 500 DEG C of insulation 4h destressing processing, are obtained to steel bar A.
In parkerizing process in above-described embodiment and comparative example, adopt trbasic zinc phosphate, manganese salt to adhere to phosphating coat and carry out phosphatization; In addition other method for bonderizing are also applicable to technique of the present invention.
Test case
1) tensile strength of steel bar in test implementation example 1-3 and comparative example;
2) steel bar in embodiment 1-3 and comparative example is carried out to ultrasonic inspection, according to JB/T4730.3-2005, steel bar is graded, the results are shown in following table.
From test result, the steel bar that technique of the present invention is made, the steel bar that intensity and material uniformity are all made higher than comparative example technique, thus can obtain high-quality steelwork.
Although the present invention has carried out detailed elaboration by above-mentioned specific embodiment to it; but; those skilled in the art should be understood that any form that does not exceed claim protection domain made on this basis and the variation of details, all belong to invention which is intended to be protected.
Claims (5)
1. a steel cold-extrusion technology, comprises,
(1) low-alloy steel is sawn into blank;
(2) described blank is placed in to high-temperature electric resistance furnace and carries out annealing in process, be heated to 950-1000 DEG C of insulation 6-9h, be incubated 9-15h after being down to 650-800 DEG C by 4-7h, naturally cool to afterwards room temperature;
(3) machined is carried out in the surface of blank after annealing in process;
(4) blank after machined is carried out to oil removing, phosphatization, saponification, and clean;
(5) blank after cleaning is placed in after the sealing of mould jacket, adopts hydraulic press to carry out cold extrusion;
(6) the sealed mold jacket that blank is housed is taken out, be placed in high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) and process, pressure is 100-150MPa, and temperature is 750-900 DEG C, and processing time 30min, obtains semi-finished product;
(7) semi-finished product are taken out and packed into heating clamber in mould jacket, after vacuumizing, pass into the mist of nitrogen and carbon monoxide, be heated to the 650-750 DEG C of carburizing nitrogen processing of carrying out 3h, gas pressure is 0.2MPa, and in mist, the volume ratio of nitrogen and carbon monoxide is 4:6;
(8) semi-finished product after treatment carburizing nitrogen are flooded to 2h in surperficial levelling agent, in weight portion, described surperficial levelling agent is made up of the base oil of 80 parts, the phosphate of 15 parts, the sulfide aliphatic acid ester of 30 parts, the dodecenylsuccinic acid of 2 parts, the succimide of 0.1 part, the butyl diphenylamines of 0.005 part and the BHT of 3 parts;
(9) semi-finished product that take out in surperficial levelling agent carry out laser transformation hardening processing, and LASER HEATING temperature is 900-1200 DEG C, and the time is 20-30s;
(10) adopt shot-blast cleaning machine to process to semi-finished product after treatment, remove surface film oxide;
(11) semi-finished product after ball blast are carried out to temper, temperature is 180-350 DEG C, naturally cools to afterwards room temperature;
(12) semi-finished product after tempering being carried out to finish turning processes.
2. cold-extrusion technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (4), described cleaning comprise pickling and in and cleaning process.
3. cold-extrusion technology according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in step (5), cold-stamped pressure is 150-300MPa, and the cold-stamped time is 1h.
4. according to the arbitrary described cold-extrusion technology of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, in step (8), semi-finished product are immersed in the surperficial levelling agent of 30-50 DEG C.
5. according to the arbitrary described cold-extrusion technology of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, in step (9), laser energy is 10
3-10
5w.
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| CN104476145A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-01 | 浙江赛特机械有限公司 | Gasket manufacturing method |
| WO2016150490A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | Quintus Technologies Ab | Method and arrangement for processing articles |
| CN106111728A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-16 | 余姚市婉珍五金厂 | A kind of seamless pipe hot extrusion technique |
| CN106269979A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 余姚市婉珍五金厂 | A kind of seamless pipe cold-extrusion technology |
| CN111408530A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-07-14 | 丽水市正阳电力设计院有限公司 | Surface treatment method of weathering resistant steel |
| CN112122376A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-25 | 河北海航管道制造有限公司 | Cold extrusion process for manufacturing seamless oblique steel tee |
| CN112658052A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-04-16 | 玉环市东南塑胶机电有限公司 | Cold extrusion forming process and die for contact finger part of high-voltage electrical appliance |
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| CN106111728A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-16 | 余姚市婉珍五金厂 | A kind of seamless pipe hot extrusion technique |
| CN106269979A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 余姚市婉珍五金厂 | A kind of seamless pipe cold-extrusion technology |
| CN111408530A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-07-14 | 丽水市正阳电力设计院有限公司 | Surface treatment method of weathering resistant steel |
| CN111408530B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-05-10 | 丽水市正阳电力设计院有限公司 | Surface treatment method of weathering resistant steel |
| CN112122376A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-25 | 河北海航管道制造有限公司 | Cold extrusion process for manufacturing seamless oblique steel tee |
| CN112122376B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-05-31 | 河北海航管道制造有限公司 | Cold extrusion process for manufacturing seamless oblique steel tee |
| CN112658052A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-04-16 | 玉环市东南塑胶机电有限公司 | Cold extrusion forming process and die for contact finger part of high-voltage electrical appliance |
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Effective date of registration: 20220602 Address after: 253011 No. 3668, East Gaotie Avenue, Dezhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, Shandong Province Patentee after: Shandong Huachuang Rongsheng Exhibition Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 351, floor 3, C1, Beijing Huashang Real Estate Co., Ltd., No. 18, Keyuan Road, economic development zone, Daxing District, Beijing 100122 Patentee before: HUACHUANG RONGSHENG DISPLAY (BEIJING) CO.,LTD. |
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