CN112122376A - Cold extrusion process for manufacturing seamless oblique steel tee - Google Patents
Cold extrusion process for manufacturing seamless oblique steel tee Download PDFInfo
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- CN112122376A CN112122376A CN202010951687.2A CN202010951687A CN112122376A CN 112122376 A CN112122376 A CN 112122376A CN 202010951687 A CN202010951687 A CN 202010951687A CN 112122376 A CN112122376 A CN 112122376A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
- B21C23/085—Making tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/32—Lubrication of metal being extruded or of dies, or the like, e.g. physical state of lubricant, location where lubricant is applied
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing process of a cold extrusion steel seamless oblique tee joint, which comprises the following steps; s1, blanking the steel pipe to be processed according to the required specification and size, S2, placing the steel pipe material to be processed in a high-temperature electric furnace and heating to Ac3200 ℃ in 100 and heat preservation for 5-10h, then reducing the temperature of the high-temperature electric furnace to 800 ℃ in 500 and heat preservation for 5-15h, then reducing the temperature to 300 ℃ in 200 and heat preservation for 2-4h, finally taking out the steel pipe material to be processed and cooling to room temperature, S3, uniformly coating a lubricant on the surface of the annealed steel pipe material to be processed, S4, placing the steel pipe material to be processed coated with the lubricant in a cold extrusion die, and the seamless inclined tee joint piece is formed by performing first cold extrusion and second cold extrusion in the cold pressing processAn annealing process is added between the secondary cold pressing to eliminate material hardening caused by processing, and the secondary annealing is carried out for reducing the temperature and annealing the stress in a mode of combining constant-speed cooling of a high-temperature electric furnace and natural cooling, so that the temperature reduction time is effectively saved, and the effect of annealing the stress is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold extrusion, in particular to a process for manufacturing a seamless oblique tee made of cold extrusion steel.
Background
The cold extrusion is a processing method for placing a metal blank in a cold extrusion die cavity, applying pressure to the blank through a male die fixed on a press machine at room temperature to enable the metal blank to generate plastic deformation to prepare a part, and China can perform cold extrusion on metals such as lead, tin, aluminum, copper, zinc and alloys thereof, a raw material steel pipe to be processed, tool steel, low alloy steel, stainless steel and the like, and even can perform cold extrusion with a certain deformation amount on bearing steel, high-carbon high-aluminum alloy tool steel, high-speed steel and the like;
but the cold extrusion in-process of the seamless oblique tee bend of steel on the existing market often needs to carry out the secondary extrusion to steel, but can cause the material of annealing to harden between the extrusion of twice, and the secondary operation of being inconvenient for, and the refrigerated efficiency is lower among the annealing process, influences the effect and the efficiency of cold extrusion technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a manufacturing process of a cold extrusion steel seamless oblique tee, which can effectively solve the problems that steel is often required to be extruded for the second time in the cold extrusion process of the steel seamless oblique tee in the current market in the background technology, but annealed materials are hardened between two times of extrusion, secondary processing is inconvenient, the cooling efficiency in the annealing process is low, and the effect and the efficiency of the cold extrusion process are influenced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the manufacturing process of the seamless oblique tee joint made of cold extrusion steel comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking the steel pipe to be processed according to the required specification and size;
s2, placing the steel pipe material to be processed in a high-temperature electric furnace to heat to Ac3+ 100-;
s3, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the surface of the annealed steel pipe material to be processed;
s4, placing the steel pipe material to be processed coated with the lubricant in a cold extrusion die, and then carrying out primary extrusion forming on the steel pipe material to be processed;
s5, placing the product after the first forming in a high-temperature electric furnace, heating to Ac1-20-200 ℃, preserving heat for 2-5h, then reducing the temperature to 200-300 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4h, and finally taking out and cooling to room temperature;
s6, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the outer surface of the cooled first extruded product, and placing the product in a cold extrusion die for secondary extrusion processing;
s7, placing the secondary extrusion forming product in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac1+50-250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-5h, reducing the temperature to 200-300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-4h, discharging from the furnace, and cooling to room temperature at normal temperature;
s8, detecting the tensile strength of the product after cold extrusion;
and S9, performing surface penetration detection on the product after tensile strength detection.
Preferably, in S3, before the lubricant is coated on the steel pipe to be processed, the oxide film on the surface is polished to keep the surface smooth;
ac of the raw material steel pipe to be processed1At 725 ℃ and 800 ℃ of Ac3At 850 ℃ and 900 ℃.
Preferably, the cooling speed of the high-temperature electric furnace in the S2 is 10-50 ℃/h.
Preferably, the thickness of the lubricant coating in S3 is 0.1-0.3 mm.
Preferably, the deformation degree of the first cold extrusion in S4 is in the range of 30-50%.
Preferably, the cooling rate in S5 is 5-30 ℃/h.
Preferably, before the lubricant is brushed in the step S6, the surface of the carbon steel after the first processing is wiped clean, and then the lubricant is brushed, wherein the brushing thickness of the lubricant is 0.1-0.3 mm;
preferably, the second cold extrusion has a degree of deformation in the range of 50 to 70%.
Preferably, the heating speed of the high-temperature electric furnace in the S7 is 50-100 ℃/h, and the cooling speed is 40-100 ℃/h.
Preferably, in S9, the surface of the processed product is cleaned and wiped to remove the lubricant on the surface before the detection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the seamless inclined tee joint part, in the cold pressing process, the material hardening caused by processing is eliminated by adding the annealing process between the first cold extrusion and the second cold pressing, and the secondary annealing is performed for cooling and annealing for removing stress in a mode of combining constant-speed cooling and natural cooling of a high-temperature electric furnace in a grading manner, so that the cooling time is effectively saved, and the effect of annealing for removing stress is improved;
and through control cooling speed, make the temperature drop more even, the temperature can not reduce suddenly, avoids cooling suddenly and the material inner structure that causes destroys, makes seamless oblique tee bend spare the cold pressing effect better, makes the better damage of stress to the product of product reduction of product cooling effect, guarantees the tensile strength of product, and the size of product accords with the technological standard more.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the manufacturing process of the seamless oblique tee joint made of cold extrusion steel comprises the following steps:
s1, polishing the oxide film on the surface of the steel pipe to be processed before sawing the steel pipe to be processed to keep the surface smooth, and then sawing the steel pipe into blanks with the same size for blanking;
ac of the raw material steel pipe to be processed1At 727 ℃ Ac3Is 890 ℃;
s2, placing the raw material steel pipe to be processed in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac3+150 deg.c, maintaining for 8 hr, lowering the temperature of the high temperature electric furnace to 500 deg.c at 30 deg.c/h, maintaining for 5 hr, and maintaining at 30 deg.c/hCooling to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 3h, and finally taking out the raw material steel pipe to be processed and cooling to room temperature;
s3, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the surface of the annealed steel pipe to be processed;
the coating thickness of the lubricant is 0.15 mm;
s4, placing the raw material steel pipe to be processed coated with the lubricant in a cold extrusion die, and then carrying out primary extrusion forming on the raw material steel pipe to be processed;
the cold extrusion pressure of the medium-cold extrusion die is 50 mpa;
the deformation process of the first cold extrusion is 40 percent;
s5, placing the product after the first molding in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac1The temperature is reduced to 200 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/h after the temperature is maintained for 3h at the temperature of minus 90 ℃, the temperature is maintained for 2h, and the temperature is cooled to the room temperature through an external radiator;
s6, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the outer surface of the cooled first extruded raw material steel pipe to be processed, and placing the steel pipe in a cold extrusion die for secondary extrusion processing;
before brushing the lubricant, wiping the surface of the carbon steel after the first processing clean, and then brushing the lubricant, wherein the brushing thickness of the lubricant is 0.2 mm;
the cold extrusion pressure of the cold extrusion die in the second cold extrusion is 70 mpa;
the deformation degree of the second cold extrusion is 60 percent;
s7, placing the secondary extrusion forming product in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac at the speed of 100 ℃/h1+150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, reducing the temperature to 200 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 2h, discharging from the furnace, and cooling to room temperature at normal temperature;
s8, fixing the product after cold extrusion processing on a tensile testing machine for tensile test, and measuring the tensile strength of the steel part;
and S9, cleaning and wiping the surface of the product after tensile strength detection, removing the lubricant on the surface, sequentially coating penetrant and developer to perform surface penetration detection, and determining the percent of pass of the steel piece.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the manufacturing process of the seamless oblique tee joint made of cold extrusion steel comprises the following steps:
s1, polishing the oxide film on the surface of the steel pipe to be processed before sawing the steel pipe to be processed to keep the surface smooth, and then sawing the steel pipe into blanks with the same size for blanking;
ac of the raw material steel pipe to be processed1At 727 ℃ Ac3Is 890 ℃;
s2, placing the raw material steel pipe to be processed in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac3+150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8h, then reducing the temperature of the high-temperature electric furnace to 500 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 5h, reducing the temperature to 300 ℃ at the speed of 50 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 3h, and finally taking out the raw material steel pipe to be processed and cooling to the room temperature;
s3, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the surface of the annealed steel pipe to be processed;
the coating thickness of the lubricant is 0.15 mm;
s4, placing the raw material steel pipe to be processed coated with the lubricant in a cold extrusion die, and then carrying out primary extrusion forming on the raw material steel pipe to be processed;
the cold extrusion pressure of the medium-cold extrusion die is 50 mpa;
the deformation process of the first cold extrusion is 50 percent;
s5, placing the product after the first molding in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac1The temperature is reduced to 200 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/h after the temperature is maintained for 3h at the temperature of-90 ℃, the temperature is maintained for 2h, and the temperature is cooled to the room temperature through an external radiator;
s6, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the outer surface of the cooled first extruded raw material steel pipe to be processed, and placing the steel pipe in a cold extrusion die for secondary extrusion processing;
before brushing the lubricant, wiping the surface of the carbon steel after the first processing clean, and then brushing the lubricant, wherein the brushing thickness of the lubricant is 0.2 mm;
the cold extrusion pressure of the cold extrusion die in the second cold extrusion is 50 mpa;
the deformation degree of the second cold extrusion is 50 percent;
s7, placing the secondary extrusion forming product in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac at the speed of 100 ℃/h1+150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, reducing the temperature to 200 ℃ at the speed of 100 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 2h, discharging from the furnace, and cooling to room temperature at normal temperature;
s8, fixing the product after cold extrusion processing on a tensile testing machine for tensile test, and measuring the tensile strength of the steel part;
and S9, cleaning and wiping the surface of the product after tensile strength detection, removing the lubricant on the surface, sequentially coating penetrant and developer to perform surface penetration detection, and determining the percent of pass of the steel piece.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the manufacturing process of the seamless oblique tee joint made of cold extrusion steel comprises the following steps:
s1, polishing the oxide film on the surface of the steel pipe to be processed before sawing the steel pipe to be processed to keep the surface smooth, and then sawing the steel pipe into blanks with the same size for blanking;
ac of the raw material steel pipe to be processed1At 727 ℃ Ac3Is 890 ℃;
s2, placing the raw material steel pipe to be processed in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac3+150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8h, then reducing the temperature of the high-temperature electric furnace to 500 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 5h, reducing the temperature to 200 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 3h, and finally taking out the raw material steel pipe to be processed and cooling to the room temperature;
s3, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the surface of the annealed steel pipe to be processed;
the coating thickness of the lubricant is 0.15 mm;
s4, placing the raw material steel pipe to be processed coated with the lubricant in a cold extrusion die, and then carrying out primary extrusion forming on the raw material steel pipe to be processed;
the cold extrusion pressure of the medium-cold extrusion die is 70 mpa;
the deformation process of the first cold extrusion is 60 percent;
s5, placing the product after the first molding in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac1The temperature is reduced to 200 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/h after the temperature is maintained for 3h at the temperature of-90 ℃, the temperature is maintained for 2h, and the temperature is cooled to the room temperature through an external radiator;
s6, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the outer surface of the cooled first extruded raw material steel pipe to be processed, and placing the steel pipe in a cold extrusion die for secondary extrusion processing;
before brushing the lubricant, wiping the surface of the carbon steel after the first processing clean, and then brushing the lubricant, wherein the brushing thickness of the lubricant is 0.2 mm;
the cold extrusion pressure of the cold extrusion die in the second cold extrusion is 50 mpa;
the deformation degree of the second cold extrusion is 40 percent;
s7, placing the secondary extrusion forming product in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac at the speed of 100 ℃/h1+150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, reducing the temperature to 200 ℃ at the speed of 40 ℃/h, keeping the temperature for 2h, discharging from the furnace, and cooling to room temperature at normal temperature;
s8, fixing the product after cold extrusion processing on a tensile testing machine for tensile test, and measuring the tensile strength of the steel part;
and S9, cleaning and wiping the surface of the product after tensile strength detection, removing the lubricant on the surface, sequentially coating penetrant and developer to perform surface penetration detection, and determining the percent of pass of the steel piece.
The seamless mitre fittings cold extruded from examples 1-3 were tested and compared and tabulated as follows:
through comparison of the embodiments 1 to 3, the tensile strength and the surface penetration tests of the embodiments 1 to 3 are all qualified, but the tensile strength and the surface penetration of the embodiment 1 are the best, and comprehensive comparison is more suitable for popularization and use.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The manufacturing process of the seamless oblique tee joint made of cold extrusion steel is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking the steel pipe to be processed according to the required specification and size;
s2, placing the steel pipe material to be processed in a high-temperature electric furnace to heat to Ac3+ 100-;
s3, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the surface of the annealed steel pipe material to be processed;
s4, placing the steel pipe material to be processed coated with the lubricant in a cold extrusion die, and then carrying out primary extrusion forming on the steel pipe material to be processed;
s5, placing the product after the first forming in a high-temperature electric furnace, heating to Ac1-20-200 ℃, preserving heat for 2-5h, then reducing the temperature to 200-300 ℃, preserving heat for 2-4h, and finally taking out and cooling to room temperature;
s6, uniformly brushing a lubricant on the outer surface of the cooled first extruded product, and placing the product in a cold extrusion die for secondary extrusion processing;
s7, placing the secondary extrusion forming product in a high-temperature electric furnace, and heating to Ac1+50-250 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-5h, reducing the temperature to 200-300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-4h, discharging from the furnace, and cooling to room temperature at normal temperature;
s8, detecting the tensile strength of the product after cold extrusion;
and S9, performing surface penetration detection on the product after tensile strength detection.
2. The manufacturing process of the cold extrusion steel seamless oblique tee joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, before the raw material steel pipe to be processed is coated with the lubricant, the oxide film on the surface is ground to keep the surface smooth;
ac of the raw material steel pipe to be processed1At 725 ℃ and 800 ℃ of Ac3At 850 ℃ and 900 ℃.
3. The manufacturing process of the cold extrusion steel seamless oblique tee joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling rate of the high temperature electric furnace in the S2 is 10-50 ℃/h.
4. The manufacturing process of the seamless oblique tee made of the cold extrusion steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating thickness of the lubricant in the S3 is 0.1-0.3 mm.
5. The manufacturing process of the cold-extruded steel seamless oblique tee joint of claim 1, wherein the deformation degree of the first cold extrusion in the S4 is in the range of 30-50%.
6. The manufacturing process of the cold extrusion steel seamless oblique tee joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling rate in the S5 is 5-30 ℃/h.
7. The manufacturing process of the cold extrusion steel seamless oblique tee joint of claim 1, wherein before the lubricant is coated in the step S6, the surface of the carbon steel after the first processing is cleaned, and then the lubricant is coated, wherein the coating thickness of the lubricant is 0.1-0.3 mm;
the deformation degree of the second cold extrusion is within the range of 50-70%.
8. The manufacturing process of the cold extrusion steel seamless oblique tee joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating speed of the high temperature electric furnace in the S7 is 50-100 ℃/h, and the cooling speed is 40-100 ℃/h.
9. The manufacturing process of the seamless oblique tee made of the cold extrusion steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface of the processed product is cleaned and wiped to remove the lubricant on the surface before the detection in S9.
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| CN202010951687.2A CN112122376B (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2020-09-11 | Cold extrusion process for manufacturing seamless oblique steel tee |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116393609A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-07-07 | 无锡市新峰管业有限公司 | Cold press molding equipment and 45-degree inclined tee pipe fitting production process |
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| KR20180085563A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-27 | 주식회사 도남알루메탈 | method of forming tube pressing |
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| CN101693338A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2010-04-14 | 江阴海陆冶金设备制造有限公司 | Preparation method of reducing breeches tee joint |
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| CN103934346A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-23 | 赵伟星 | Technology of manufacturing seamless inclined three-way steel pipe fitting in cold-extrusion mode |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116393609A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-07-07 | 无锡市新峰管业有限公司 | Cold press molding equipment and 45-degree inclined tee pipe fitting production process |
| CN116393609B (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-11-10 | 无锡市新峰管业有限公司 | Cold press molding equipment and 45-degree inclined tee pipe fitting production process |
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