CN103933027A - 瑞香狼毒提取物在抗肿瘤中的应用 - Google Patents
瑞香狼毒提取物在抗肿瘤中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103933027A CN103933027A CN201410140373.9A CN201410140373A CN103933027A CN 103933027 A CN103933027 A CN 103933027A CN 201410140373 A CN201410140373 A CN 201410140373A CN 103933027 A CN103933027 A CN 103933027A
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- stellera chamaejasme
- radix euphorbiae
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种瑞香狼毒提取物,具体涉及6种分离自瑞香狼毒的双黄酮类化合物。体外实验表明,这6种化合物对Bel-7402人肝癌和NCI-H157人肺癌细胞株均有明显的抑制作用。本发明可为研制新的抗肿瘤药物提供先导化合物,有望成为治疗癌症的药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,涉及一种瑞香狼毒提取物,具体涉及瑞香狼毒提取物在抗肿瘤方面的应用。
背景技术
瑞香狼毒(Stellerachamaejasme L.)系瑞香科狼毒属植物,俗名断肠草,分布于中、俄、蒙、朝等国,在我国主要产自北方各省区及西南地区,生于海拔2600~4200米干燥而向阳的高山草坡、草坪或河滩台地。其味苦辛,性平,有大毒,入肺脾肝经,根入药,有逐水祛痰、破积杀虫之功效。现代药理学研究表明瑞香狼毒具有很好的抗肿瘤活性,最新研究还发现其具有抗病毒、抗菌、抗惊厥和免疫调节等作用。目前,从瑞香狼毒中分离鉴定出的化学成分主要有二萜类、倍半萜类、黄酮类、香豆素类、木脂素和苯丙素苷类等,其中,黄酮类多为双二氢黄酮,是该药材的指标性化学成分,也是其主要抗肿瘤活性成分之一。
目前,已报道从瑞香狼毒中分离出黄酮类化合物30多个,它们对各种肿瘤细胞均有不同程度的抑制作用。如新狼毒素A能诱导人前列腺癌细胞LNCaP的细胞周期停滞和凋亡(IC5023.06μM),这可能与p21及FasL因子有关(Liu,et al.J Nat Pro,2008,71(5))。狼毒素A对人上皮癌细胞HEP-2显示抑制作用(IC503.48μM),这可能与微管蛋白相关(Zhao,et al.Mol Biol Rep,2012,39(12))。狼毒素能抑制人乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231核NF-κB因子的转移(IC504.72μM),从而抑制细胞周期以至细胞凋亡(Zhang,et al.Molecules,2013,18(1))。此外,狼毒素B和新狼毒素C也能对多种人类实体瘤细胞株产生抗增殖作用(Zhang,et al.Acta Pharmacol Sin,2013,34(2))。因此,对瑞香狼毒中黄酮类化合物的研究具有十分重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供瑞香狼毒提取物在制备抗肿瘤的药物中的应用。
本发明所述肿瘤包括:肺癌、乳腺癌、肠癌、胰腺癌、皮肤癌、宫颈癌、胃癌、肝癌、白血病、淋巴癌、鼻咽癌等。
特别是,本发明的瑞香狼毒提取物在治疗肝癌和肺癌方面具有非常好的效果。
本发明所述化合物的抗肿瘤活性,所采用的肿瘤细胞为人肝癌Bel-7402细胞株和人肺癌NCI-H157细胞株。
本发明所述瑞香狼毒提取物至少含有以下一种双黄酮类化合物:
本发明所述6种双黄酮类化合物的化学名称分别为:
狼毒宁B(3),其化学名称为(2S,2'S,3S,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2,2'-二(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
狼毒宁E(5),其化学名称为(2R,2'R,3S,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2,2'-二(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
雁皮素A(7),其化学名称为(2S,2'S,3S,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-2'-(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
雁皮素C(2),其化学名称为(2R,2'S,3S,3'R)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2,2'-二(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
雁皮素D(1),其化学名称为(2R,2'S,3R,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-2'-(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
狼毒素D(11),其化学名称为(2R,2'R,3S,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2,2'-二(4-羟苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮。
本发明所述的瑞香狼毒提取物既可以通过现有技术制备得到的,也可以在市场上购买到。
本发明还提供瑞香狼毒提取物的制备方法。
其中,狼毒宁B的提取方法,包括以下步骤:
取瑞香狼毒干燥根,加50-95%乙醇提取1-4次,提取时间为2-6h,温度控制在50℃。合并提取液,减压浓缩,得浸膏。之后用少量无水乙醇溶解上样,过HPD100大孔树脂柱,依次用30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%和100%乙醇洗脱,减压浓缩得各洗脱部位。其中,90%乙醇洗脱部位,以DMSO溶解,上制备液相色谱进一步分离。以75%的甲醇/水等度洗脱,检测波长为295nm,出峰时间12min,制备得到(+)-狼毒宁B。
根据实施例之一,狼毒宁B的提取方法,包括以下步骤:
取瑞香狼毒干燥根5kg,加95%乙醇提取3次,每次加20L,提取时间为4h,温度控制在50℃,合并提取液,减压浓缩,得浸膏480g,之后用少量无水乙醇溶解上样,过HPD100大孔树脂柱,依次用浓度30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%和100%乙醇洗脱,减压浓缩得各洗脱部位。
其中,90%乙醇洗脱部位3g,以DMSO溶解,上制备液相色谱进一步分离,以75%的甲醇/水等度洗脱,检测波长为295nm,出峰时间12min,制备得到约300mg的(+)-狼毒宁B。
本发明所述的狼毒宁B既可以通过上述方法制备,也可以通过其他现有工艺制备。
本发明所述的狼毒宁B可以在市场上购买得到。
本发明还提供以瑞香狼毒提取物作为活性成分的药物组合物在制备抗肿瘤的药物中的应用。
特别是,以瑞香狼毒提取物作为活性成分的药物组合物在制备抗肝癌的药物中的应用。
特别是,以瑞香狼毒提取物作为活性成分的药物组合物在制备抗肺癌的药物中的应用。
本发明的药物组合物,瑞香狼毒提取物所占重量百分比可以是0.1-99.9%,其余为药物可接受的载体。
本发明的药物组合物可以制备成任何可药用的剂型,这些剂型包括:片剂、糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂、胶囊剂、硬胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、口服液、口含剂、颗粒剂、冲剂、丸剂、散剂、膏剂、丹剂、混悬剂、粉剂、溶液剂、注射剂、栓剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、霜剂、喷雾剂、滴剂、贴剂。本发明的制剂,优选的是口服剂型,如:胶囊剂、片剂、口服液、颗粒剂、丸剂、散剂、丹剂、膏剂等。最优选的是胶囊剂。
本发明的药物组合物,其口服给药的制剂可含有常用的赋形剂,诸如粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、压片剂、润滑剂、崩解剂、着色剂、调味剂和湿润剂,必要时可对片剂进行包衣。
适用的填充剂包括纤维素、甘露糖醇、乳糖和其它类似的填充剂。适宜的崩解剂包括淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和淀粉衍生物,例如羟基乙酸淀粉钠。适宜的润滑剂包括,例如硬脂酸镁。适宜的药物可接受的湿润剂包括十二烷基硫酸钠。
可通过混合,填充,压片等常用的方法制备固体口服组合物。进行反复混合可使活性物质分布在整个使用大量填充剂的那些组合物中。
口服液体制剂的形式例如可以是水性或油性悬浮液、溶液、乳剂、糖浆剂或酏剂,或者可以是一种在使用前可用水或其它适宜的载体复配的干燥产品。这种液体制剂可含有常规的添加剂,诸如悬浮剂,例如山梨醇、糖浆、甲基纤维素、明胶、羟乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、硬脂酸铝凝胶或氢化食用脂肪,乳化剂,例如卵磷脂、脱水山梨醇一油酸酯或阿拉伯胶;非水性载体(它们可以包括食用油),例如杏仁油、分馏椰子油、诸如甘油的酯的油性酯、丙二醇或乙醇;防腐剂,例如对羟基苯甲酯或对羟基苯甲酸丙酯或山梨酸,并且如果需要,可含有常规的香味剂或着色剂。
对于注射剂,制备的液体单位剂型含有本发明的活性物质和无菌载体。根据 载体和浓度,可以将此化合物悬浮或者溶解。溶液的制备通常是通过将活性物质溶解在一种载体中,在将其装入一种适宜的小瓶或安瓿前过滤消毒,然后密封。辅料例如一种局部麻醉剂、防腐剂和缓冲剂也可以溶解在这种载体中。为了提高其稳定性,可在装入小瓶以后将这种组合物冰冻,并在真空下将水除去。
本发明的中药制剂,在制备成药剂时可选择性的加入适合的药物可接受的载体,所述药物可接受的载体选自:甘露醇、山梨醇、焦亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、硫代硫酸钠、盐酸半胱氨酸、巯基乙酸、蛋氨酸、维生素C、EDTA二钠、EDTA钙钠,一价碱金属的碳酸盐、醋酸盐、磷酸盐或其水溶液、盐酸、醋酸、硫酸、磷酸、氨基酸、氯化钠、氯化钾、乳酸钠、木糖醇、麦芽糖、葡萄糖、果糖、右旋糖苷、甘氨酸、淀粉、蔗糖、乳糖、甘露糖醇、硅衍生物、纤维素及其衍生物、藻酸盐、明胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甘油、土温80、琼脂、碳酸钙、碳酸氢钙、表面活性剂、聚乙二醇、环糊精、β-环糊精、磷脂类材料、高岭土、滑石粉、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁等。
本发明采用经典的体外抗癌药物筛选方法MTT法研究瑞香狼毒中6种双黄酮的抗肿瘤活性。
本发明采用的肿瘤细胞株分别为Bel-7402人肝癌和NCI-H157人肺癌细胞株。实验结果显示,6种化合物对Bel-7402人肝癌和NCI-H157人肺癌细胞株均产生有意义的抑制作用,IC50值的变化范围为9.24to70.01μM。其中,化合物Ⅰ~Ⅵ对Bel-7402细胞株的抑制活性要好于阳性对照药5-氟尿嘧啶,而化合物Ⅴ对NCI-H157细胞株的抑制活性要好于阳性对照药长春新碱。特别地,化合物Ⅴ对Bel-7402和NCI-H157细胞株表现出最好的抑制活性,其IC50值分别为13.96±1.09和9.24±0.18μM。
本发明所有药理实验均采用5-氟尿嘧啶注射液和注射用硫酸长春新碱作为阳性对照药,完全培养基为阴性对照。5-氟尿嘧啶注射液,上海旭东海普药业有限公司,批号FA130109;注射用硫酸长春新碱,深圳万乐药业有限公司,批号1306V2。
本发明具有以下优点:
1、本发明利用简单的活性筛选方法发现了6种天然化合物的抗肿瘤活性,丰富了我国的天然药物资源;
2、本发明为Bel-7402人肝癌和NCI-H157人肺癌细胞株找到了新的抑制剂,从而为治疗这两种肿瘤提供了新的可能;
3、本发明达到了扩大瑞香狼毒植物在医药等方面利用的目的,不仅有利于环境及生态治理,而且符合我国农业产业化的政策。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明,在此详细介绍化合物药理实验过程。实例仅用于说明本发明,而非对本发明的限制。
实施例1
人肝癌细胞株Bel-7402,用含10%新生牛血清、1.0mM的丙酮酸钠、青霉素10万单位/升、链霉素10万μg/L的MEM(Eagle)培养基在37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中培养;实验时取对数生长期细胞,用0.25%胰蛋白酶消化液消化,调节细胞浓度为105个/mL,加入96孔板,100μL/孔,培养过夜;每孔加入配制好的不同浓度的药液100μl,继续培养24小时,MTT法检测生长抑制率,计算IC50值,结果见表1。
表1、6种双黄酮对Bel-7402细胞生长的IC50值
实施例2
人肺癌细胞株NCI-H157,用含10%新生牛血清、1.0mM的丙酮酸钠、青霉素10万单位/升、链霉素10万μg/L的MEM(Eagle)培养基在37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中培养;实验时取对数生长期细胞,用0.25%胰蛋白酶消化液消化,调节细胞浓度为105个/mL,加入96孔板,100μL/孔,培养过夜;每孔加入配制好的不同浓度的药液100μl,继续培养24小时,MTT法检测生长抑制率,计算IC50值,结果见表2。
表2、6种双黄酮对NCI-H157细胞生长的IC50值
实施例3、(+)-狼毒宁B的制备工艺
取瑞香狼毒干燥根5kg,加95%乙醇提取3次,每次加20L,提取时间为4h,温度控制在50℃。合并提取液,减压浓缩,得浸膏480g。之后用少量无水乙醇溶解上样,过HPD100大孔树脂柱,依次用30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%和100%乙醇(水)洗脱,减压浓缩得各洗脱部位。
其中,90%乙醇(水)洗脱部位3g,以DMSO溶解,上制备液相色谱进一步分离。以75%的甲醇/水(含0.1%甲酸)等度洗脱,检测波长为295nm,出峰时间12min,制备得到约300mg的(+)-狼毒宁B。
实施例4、(+)-狼毒宁B的结构鉴定
结构鉴定:
1)NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):
Position | 1H(δ) | 13C(δ) |
2 | 5.52,1H,s | 79.58 |
3 | 2.89,1H,s | 46.05 |
4 | - | 195.80 |
5 | - | 163.35 |
6 | 5.73,1H,d,J=1.95Hz | 95.62 |
7 | - | 166.68 |
8 | 5.85,1H,d,J=1.60Hz | 94.73 |
9 | - | 162.68 |
10 | - | 102.09 |
1’ | - | 128.04 |
2’ | 7.01,1H,d,J=8.40Hz | 127.15 |
3’ | 6.80,1H,d,J=8.50Hz | 113.77 |
4’ | - | 158.79 |
5’ | 6.80,1H,d,J=8.50Hz | 113.77 |
6’ | 7.01,1H,d,J=8.40Hz | 127.15 |
4’-OCH3 | 3.79,3H,s | 55.25 |
5-OH | 11.53,1H,s | - |
7-OH | 10.70,1H,s | - |
2)圆二色谱(MeOH,0.1mg/ml):
346(-2.36×104),302(+7.84×104),253(+1.84×104),233(-1.57×104),217(-4.15 ×104)
3)绝对构型的确定:
圆二色谱(CD)是确定天然产物绝对构型的有力工具。本人利用圆二色谱,通过“两步法”确定了瑞香狼毒药材中几种2,3-双二氢黄酮类手性化合物的绝对构型(表3)。
第一步,通过NMR耦合常数(J2,3)判断C2与C3位氢的相对构型(顺式或反式)。对于顺式异构体,当H2与H3都处于直立键时为热力学稳定状态,因此其绝对构型是(2R,3R)或(2S,3S);而对于反式异构体,当H2处于直立键、H3处于平伏键时为热力学稳定态,因此其绝对构型为(2R,3S)或(2S,3R)。第二步,利用CD数据判断C2位的绝对构型。当化合物在300-340nm波长范围出现正n→p*“Cotton效应”时,表明C2位的绝对构型为2S;当出现负n→p*“Cotton效应”时,表明C2位的绝对构型为2R。
表32,3-双二氢黄酮化合物的绝对构型规律
以化合物(+)-chamaejasmenin B为例,其2、3位氢在NMR谱图上呈宽单峰,由此判断相对构型为顺式;其CD谱在302nm处呈现正“Cotton效应”,表明C2位的绝对构型为2S,因此该化合物的绝对构型为(2S,3S)。又因为整个分子结构完全对称,即两个结构单元完全相同,因此这个2,3-双二氢黄酮化合物的绝对构型被最终确定为(2S,2'S,3S,3'S)。
Claims (10)
1.一种瑞香狼毒提取物在制备抗肿瘤的药物中的应用,所述提取物中至少含有以下一种成分:
2.权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,瑞香狼毒提取物在治疗肝癌的药物中的应用。
3.权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,瑞香狼毒提取物在治疗肺癌的药物中的应用。
4.权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,6种双黄酮类化合物的名称分别为:
狼毒宁B(3),其化学名称为(2S,2'S,3S,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2,2'-二(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
狼毒宁E(5),其化学名称为(2R,2'R,3S,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2,2'-二(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
雁皮素A(7),其化学名称为(2S,2'S,3S,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-2'-(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
雁皮素C(2),其化学名称为(2R,2'S,3S,3'R)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2,2'-二(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
雁皮素D(1),其化学名称为(2R,2'S,3R,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-2'-(4-甲氧基苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮;
狼毒素D(11),其化学名称为(2R,2'R,3S,3'S)-5,5',7,7'-四羟基-2,2'-二(4-羟苯基)-[3,3'-二(苯并二氢吡喃)]-4,4'-二酮。
5.权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,狼毒宁B的提取方法,包括以下步骤:取瑞香狼毒干燥根5kg,加95%乙醇提取3次,每次加20L,提取时间为4h,温度控制在50℃。合并提取液,减压浓缩,得浸膏480g。之后用少量无水乙醇溶解上样,过HPD100大孔树脂柱,依次用30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90%和100%乙醇洗脱,减压浓缩得各洗脱部位。其中,90%乙醇洗脱部位3g,以DMSO溶解,上制备液相色谱进一步分离。以75%的甲醇/水等度洗脱,检测波长为295nm,出峰时间12min,制备得到约300mg的(+)-狼毒宁B。
6.权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,以瑞香狼毒提取物作为活性成分的药物组合物在制备抗肿瘤的药物中的应用。
7.权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,以瑞香狼毒提取物作为活性成分的药物组合物在制备抗肝癌的药物中的应用。
8.权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,以瑞香狼毒提取物作为活性成分的药物组合物在制备抗肺癌的药物中的应用。
9.权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,药物组合物中瑞香狼毒提取物所占的含量为0.1-99.9%。
10.权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,药物组合物中还含有药学上可接受的载体。
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CN106940354A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-11 | 南京中医药大学 | 醋狼毒的质量控制方法 |
CN110294732A (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-10-01 | 江苏新元素医药科技有限公司 | 治疗肝病的药物化合物及其应用 |
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