CN103929175A - Quantum system device for CPT atomic frequency maker - Google Patents

Quantum system device for CPT atomic frequency maker Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103929175A
CN103929175A CN201410155852.8A CN201410155852A CN103929175A CN 103929175 A CN103929175 A CN 103929175A CN 201410155852 A CN201410155852 A CN 201410155852A CN 103929175 A CN103929175 A CN 103929175A
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wave plate
atomic frequency
cpt
polarized light
cpt atomic
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CN103929175B (en
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张振伟
杨仁福
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Beijing Institute of Radio Metrology and Measurement
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Beijing Institute of Radio Metrology and Measurement
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Abstract

The invention relates to a quantum system device for a CPT atomic frequency marker. The device comprises a VCSER, an attenuation piece, a lambda/4 wave plate A, a lambda/4 wave plate B, a reflector A, a semi-transparent reflector, a photoelectric detector, a PBS, a magnetic field coil, a magnetic shielding barrel, an Rb bulb, a lambda/4 wave plate C and a reflector B. The quantum system device for the CPT atomic frequency marker has the advantages of three kinds of CPT atomic frequency marker subsystem devices with different polarization structures, wherein the CPT atomic frequency mark subsystem devices include left and right circularly polarized light CPTs which are spread in the same direction, left and right circularly polarized light CPTs which are spread in opposite directions and push-pull CPTs. The quantum system device for the CPT atomic frequency marker is simple in structure, small in size and high in contrast. The quantum system device for the CPT atomic frequency marker based on the device is much suitable for small-scale CPT atomic frequency markers which are low in power consumption, small in size, high in precision and high in stability.

Description

A kind of quantized system device of CPT atomic frequency standard
Technical field
The present invention relates to Technology of Atomic Frequency Standards field, particularly a kind of CPT(Coherent Population Trapping) the quantized system device of atomic frequency standard, applicable to the commercial atomic clock system of miniaturization.
Background technology
CPT atomic frequency standard is a kind of New type atom frequency marking of utilizing Coherent Population Trapping imprison phenomenon to realize, compare with traditional atomic frequency standard, it has saved the microwave cavity of traditional atomic frequency standard, have volume little, low in energy consumption, start the advantages such as fast, in information communication field, be with a wide range of applications.Domestic CPT atomic frequency standard research unit mainly contains Wuhan Inst. of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, sky, Sichuan Olympic star China time-frequency company, the units such as Peking University.
The course of work of CPT atomic frequency standard consists predominantly of two phase-locked control loops: one of them loop is laser frequency stabilization loop, by injecting vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL, Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) the shallow width modulation (μ A magnitude) of several KHz of the upper stack of electric current (mA magnitude), to realize the modulation to Output of laser frequency, use photodetector to survey the light intensity after VCSEL Output of laser and atom effect, can obtain the absorption line of atom pair different frequency laser, method by coherent demodulation obtains feedback signal from the absorption spectra of atom pair laser, for rectifying a deviation, inject the electric current of VCSEL, by in the laser frequency lock frequency that maximum resonance absworption peak is corresponding in Atomic absorption spectral line, another loop is microwave frequency locked loop, electric current by microwave coupling to injection VCSEL, make VCSEL output produce polychrome coherent light, for generation of CPT phenomenon, similar with laser frequency stabilization loop, by configuration phase-locked loop, make the frequency modulation(FM) of microwave stack hundreds of Hz, use photodetector to survey the light intensity after VCSEL Output of laser and atomic interaction, can obtain CPT spectral line, method by coherent demodulation obtains feedback signal from CPT spectral line, be used for the microwave frequency of rectifying a deviation, microwave frequency is locked on CPT peak, to realize the object of frequency stabilization.
The quantized system of traditional CPT atomic frequency standard consists predominantly of: vertical cavity surface emitting lasers VCSEL, attenuator, λ/4 wave plate, field coil, magnetic screen bucket, Rb bubble, photodetector.Laser sends linearly polarized light, by attenuator, decay to suitable power, through λ/4 wave plate, change circularly polarized light into, enter Rb bubble and atomic interaction, by photodetector, be converted into the signal of telecommunication with the laser after atom effect, by the method for coherent demodulation, obtain the feedback signal of VCSEL Injection Current and microwave frequency.
Traditional C PT atomic frequency standard adopts the relevant polychromatic light of the circular polarization easily obtaining, its ± 1 grade of sideband interacts and atom is prepared into CPT state with alkali metal atom, obtains CPT resonance line, is used as the frequency discrimination signal of atomic frequency standard.But due to rotatory polarization and atomic interaction, have the dark state of polarization (also claiming to reveal state), atom can accumulate in the dark state of polarization, no longer participates in CPT resonance process, and the population number of CPT resonance is reduced, and causes CPT signal contrast less.When the VCSEL with modulation produces polychromatic light and prepares CPT state, wherein only have ± 1 grade of sideband is useful component in addition, and carrier wave and high order sideband are to CPT, resonance all not have to contribute, they as a setting light be detected, this also makes CPT signal contrast reduce.It is only 5% left and right that above two reasons make the contrast of common CPT atomic frequency standard, and this has limited CPT atomic frequency standard frequency stability performance.
As can be seen here, designing, develop the more CPT atomic frequency standard quantized system of high-contrast is to improve the important method of CPT atomic frequency standard stability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of quantized system device of CPT atomic frequency standard, compares with current traditional C PT atomic frequency standard, has greatly improved the contrast of CPT signal.The CPT atomic frequency standard quantized system device of developing on this basis makes CPT signal contrast improve 3~5 times.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A quantized system device for CPT atomic frequency standard, this device comprises vertical cavity surface emitting lasers VCSEL(1), attenuator (2), λ/4 wave plate A(3), λ/4 wave plate B(4), speculum A(5), half-mirror (6), photodetector (7), polarization spectroscope PBS(8), field coil (9), magnetic screen bucket (10), Rb steep (11), λ/4 wave plate C(12) and speculum B(13), described vertical cavity surface emitting lasers VCSEL(1), attenuator (2), λ/4 wave plate A(3), polarization spectroscope PBS(8), Rb steeps (11), λ/4 wave plate C(12) and speculum B(13) along straight line, set gradually, described λ/4 wave plate B(4), speculum A(5) be arranged on polarization spectroscope PBS(8) side of incident light reflection direction, described half-mirror (6), photodetector (7) is arranged on polarization spectroscope PBS(8) opposite side, described field coil (9) is evenly on the side of Rb bubble (11), for the atom in Rb bubble provides constant uniform magnetic field, the coated outside of described field coil (9) has magnetic screen bucket (10).
The linearly polarized light of described emitting laser VCSEL output and the optical axis direction of λ/4 wave plate A are at 45 °.
The laser that described laser VCSEL (1) sends is by attenuator (2) decay, through λ/4 wave plate A (3), change right-circularly polarized light into, utilize polarization spectroscope PBS (8) to be divided into two bundles: wherein a branch of right-circularly polarized light input Rb steeps (11), another bundle changes linearly polarized light into through λ/4 wave plate B (4), by passing through again λ/4 wave plate B (4) after speculum A (5) reflection, change left circularly polarized light into, this left circularly polarized light reflects through half-mirror (6) by polarization spectroscope PBS (8) again, utilize polarization spectroscope PBS (8) and the photosynthetic bundle of another bundle right-hand circular polarization to form the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of co-propagate.
Atomic interaction in described left-right rotary circularly polarized light and described Rb bubble (11), in this left-right rotary circularly polarized light by the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of Atomic absorption through λ/4 wave plate C(12) become linearly polarized light, through speculum B(13) reflection passes through λ/4 wave plate C(12 again) time change right left circularly polarized light into, the left-right rotary circularly polarized light backpropagation that the left-right rotary circularly polarized light reflecting and incident are come, form the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of backpropagation, and again steep the atomic interaction in (11) with Rb, light after effect is by polarization spectroscope PBS(8) beam splitting, a branch of the becoming that reflexes to half-mirror (6) used up, part light passes through half-mirror, by photodetector (7), changed into the signal of telecommunication, feedback signal as atomic frequency standard, another part enters Rb bubble (11) and atomic interaction again through half-mirror (6) reflection quilt.
The invention has the advantages that:
A kind of CPT atomic frequency standard quantized system device of the present invention has the left-right rotary circularly polarized light CPT of co-propagate, the feature of the CPT atomic frequency standard quantized system device of the left-right rotary circularly polarized light CPT of backpropagation, tri-kinds of different polarization configurations of push-pull CPT.And the CPT that the CPT atomic frequency standard of different polarization configuration produces resonance can be removed or part is removed the dark state of polarization, the atomic population that participates in CPT resonance is increased, improve CPT signal contrast, this is conducive to improve the frequency stability of CPT atomic frequency standard.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: a kind of structural representation of CPT atomic frequency standard quantized system device.
Embodiment
Be illustrated in figure 1 a kind of structural representation of CPT atomic frequency standard quantized system device, this device comprises vertical cavity surface emitting lasers VCSEL1, attenuator 2, λ/4 wave plate A3, λ/4 wave plate B4, speculum A5, half-mirror 6, photodetector 7, polarization spectroscope PBS8, field coil 9, magnetic screen bucket 10, Rb bubble 11, λ/4 wave plate C12 and speculum B13.Described vertical cavity surface emitting lasers VCSEL1, attenuator 2, λ/4 wave plate A3, polarization spectroscope PBS8, Rb bubble 11, λ/4 wave plate C12 and speculum B13 set gradually along straight line, described λ/4 wave plate B4, speculum A5 are arranged on a side of polarization spectroscope PBS8 incident light reflection direction, described half-mirror 6,7 of photodetectors are arranged on the opposite side of polarization spectroscope PBS8, described field coil 9 is evenly on the side of Rb bubble 11, for the atom in Rb bubble provides constant uniform magnetic field, the coated outside of described field coil 9 has magnetic screen bucket 10.
Described vertical cavity surface emitting lasers VCSEL1, attenuator 2, λ/4 wave plate A3, λ/4 wave plate B4, speculum 5A, half-mirror 6 and polarization spectroscope PBS8, the cross-polarization instrument of composition based on Michael's interferometer, for generation of the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of quadrature.The laser that described laser sends decays to suitable luminous power by attenuator, through λ/4 wave plate A, change right-circularly polarized light into, utilize polarization spectroscope PBS to be divided into two bundles: wherein a branch of right-circularly polarized light input Rb steeps, another bundle changes linearly polarized light into through λ/4 wave plate B, by changing left circularly polarized light into through λ/4 wave plate B again after speculum A reflection, by polarization spectroscope, PBS reflects through half-mirror again, utilize polarization spectroscope PBS and the photosynthetic bundle of another bundle right-hand circular polarization to form the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of co-propagate, with the atomic interaction in Rb bubble, by a left side for Atomic absorption (right side) rounding polarised light, through λ/4 wave plate C, do not become linearly polarized light, when reflecting again through λ/4 wave plate C, speculum B changes the right side (left side) rounding polarised light into, the left-right rotary circularly polarized light backpropagation that the left-right rotary circularly polarized light reflecting and incident are come, form the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of backpropagation, and the atomic interaction in again steeping with Rb, light after effect is by polarization spectroscope PBS beam splitting, a branch of the becoming that reflexes to half-mirror used up, part light passes through half-mirror, by photodetector, changed into the signal of telecommunication, feedback signal as atomic frequency standard, another part again utilizes and enters Rb bubble and atomic interaction through half-mirror reflection quilt.
The laser that laser VCSEL sends decays to suitable power by attenuator, through λ/4 wave plate A, change right-circularly polarized light into, utilize polarization spectroscope PBS to be divided into two bundles: wherein a branch of right-handed polarized light input Rb steeps, another bundle changes linearly polarized light into through λ/4 wave plate B, by changing left circularly polarized light into through λ/4 wave plate B again after speculum A reflection, by polarization spectroscope, PBS reflects through half-mirror again, utilize polarization spectroscope PBS and the photosynthetic bundle of another bundle right-hand circular polarization to form the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of co-propagate, with the atomic interaction of working in Rb bubble.When the phase difference of the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of two bundle co-propagate meets certain relation, two CPT states rise mutually for interfering, and can remove or part is removed the dark state of polarization, improve CPT signal contrast.
Two bundles left-handed and right-circularly polarized light in the same way, becomes linearly polarized light through λ/4 wave plate C, changes dextrorotation and left circularly polarized light when speculum B reflects again through λ/4 wave plate C into.The left-right rotary circularly polarized light reflecting and the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of incident form the left-right rotary circularly polarized light of two groups of backpropagations, and the work atomic interaction in again steeping with Rb.When a left side (right side) for the right side reflecting (left side) rounding polarised light and incident rounding polarised light meets certain optical path difference, two CPT states rise mutually for interfering, and can remove equally or the dark state of part removal polarization, improve CPT signal contrast.
After the left-right rotary circularly polarized light and atom effect reflecting, by polarization spectroscope PBS beam splitting, the laser that reflexes to half-mirror becomes to be used up, wherein a part is changed into the signal of telecommunication by half-mirror by photodetector, feedback signal as atomic frequency standard, another part is reflected by half-mirror, through hyperpolarization spectroscope PBS, enters Rb bubble, the atomic interaction of working in again steeping with Rb.By laser, between speculum B and half-mirror, carry out the mode of back reflective, the atomic energy in laser and Rb bubble is interacted for more than enough time, and utilize the gain character of laser, can make CPT signal contrast obtain larger raising.
During use, first optical axis direction and the laser rays polarised light polarization direction of adjusting λ/4 wave plate A3 are at 45 °, make the linearly polarized light of Laser output change right-circularly polarized light into, then the position of adjusting speculum A5 before and after makes the left circularly polarized light of co-propagate and the phase difference between right-circularly polarized light meet (2n π+π) relation, left circularly polarized light is in the same way risen mutually with two CPT states interference that right-circularly polarized light excites, the position of adjusting speculum B13 again makes a left side (right side) the rounding polarised light of reflection and the optical path difference between the right side (left side) the rounding polarised light of incident meet (n λ/2+ λ/4) relation, two CPT states interference that reverse left circularly polarized light and right-circularly polarized light excite are risen mutually, thereby remove or the dark state of part removal polarization.
Should be appreciated that the above detailed description of technical scheme of the present invention being carried out by preferred embodiment is illustrative and not restrictive.Those of ordinary skill in the art modifies reading the technical scheme that can record each embodiment on the basis of specification of the present invention, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.

Claims (2)

1. the quantized system device of a CPT atomic frequency standard, it is characterized in that, this device comprises vertical cavity surface emitting lasers VCSEL(1), attenuator (2), λ/4 wave plate A(3), λ/4 wave plate B(4), speculum A(5), half-mirror (6), photodetector (7), polarization spectroscope PBS(8), field coil (9), magnetic screen bucket (10), Rb steep (11), λ/4 wave plate C(12) and speculum B(13), described vertical cavity surface emitting lasers VCSEL(1), attenuator (2), λ/4 wave plate A(3), polarization spectroscope PBS(8), Rb steeps (11), λ/4 wave plate C(12) and speculum B(13) along straight line, set gradually, described λ/4 wave plate B(4), speculum A(5) be arranged on polarization spectroscope PBS(8) side of incident light reflection direction, described half-mirror (6), photodetector (7) is arranged on polarization spectroscope PBS(8) opposite side, described field coil (9) is evenly on the side of Rb bubble (11), for the atom in Rb bubble provides constant uniform magnetic field, the coated outside of described field coil (9) has magnetic screen bucket (10).
2. the quantized system device of a kind of CPT atomic frequency standard according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the linearly polarized light of described emitting laser VCSEL output and the optical axis direction of λ/4 wave plate A are at 45 °.
CN201410155852.8A 2013-11-15 2014-04-17 Quantum system device for CPT atomic frequency maker Expired - Fee Related CN103929175B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104259657A (en) * 2014-09-22 2015-01-07 苏州德龙激光股份有限公司 Random polarized laser splitting device and method
CN108287150A (en) * 2017-12-06 2018-07-17 北京无线电计量测试研究所 The detection method and equipment of buffer gas in a kind of atomic bubble
CN113804315A (en) * 2021-08-06 2021-12-17 北京无线电计量测试研究所 Laser scanning frequency bandwidth calibration device and calibration method

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US20090256638A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-15 Michael Rosenbluh Atomic frequency standard based on enhanced modulation efficiency semiconductor lasers
CN101656537A (en) * 2009-07-21 2010-02-24 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 Method and device for preparing multi-pulse interference Ramsey-CPT stripe
CN102063054A (en) * 2011-02-22 2011-05-18 合肥威师智能电子电器厂 CPT (Coherent Population Trapping) atomic clock
CN102075187A (en) * 2011-02-22 2011-05-25 合肥威师智能电子电器厂 Cpt atomic clock servo circuit

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070200643A1 (en) * 2004-03-30 2007-08-30 Noel Dimarcq Method For Modulating An Atomic Clock Signal With Coherent Population Trapping And Corresponding Atomic Clock
US20090256638A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-15 Michael Rosenbluh Atomic frequency standard based on enhanced modulation efficiency semiconductor lasers
CN101656537A (en) * 2009-07-21 2010-02-24 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 Method and device for preparing multi-pulse interference Ramsey-CPT stripe
CN102063054A (en) * 2011-02-22 2011-05-18 合肥威师智能电子电器厂 CPT (Coherent Population Trapping) atomic clock
CN102075187A (en) * 2011-02-22 2011-05-25 合肥威师智能电子电器厂 Cpt atomic clock servo circuit

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104259657A (en) * 2014-09-22 2015-01-07 苏州德龙激光股份有限公司 Random polarized laser splitting device and method
CN104259657B (en) * 2014-09-22 2016-01-06 苏州德龙激光股份有限公司 Random polarization laser is carried out to the devices and methods therefor of light splitting
CN108287150A (en) * 2017-12-06 2018-07-17 北京无线电计量测试研究所 The detection method and equipment of buffer gas in a kind of atomic bubble
CN113804315A (en) * 2021-08-06 2021-12-17 北京无线电计量测试研究所 Laser scanning frequency bandwidth calibration device and calibration method

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