CN102981396B - Dual-modulation mutual-injection coherent two-color light source generating device - Google Patents
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- CN102981396B CN102981396B CN201210533439.1A CN201210533439A CN102981396B CN 102981396 B CN102981396 B CN 102981396B CN 201210533439 A CN201210533439 A CN 201210533439A CN 102981396 B CN102981396 B CN 102981396B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dual-modulation mutual-injection coherent two-color light source generating device. The dual-modulation mutual-injection coherent two-color light source generating device comprises a first laser tube and a second laser tube which are fixedly arranged on an array substrate, wherein the electrical signal input terminal of the first laser tube is connected with a first T-shaped polarizer, the electrical signal input terminal of the second laser tube is connected with a second T-shaped polarizer, a birefringent crystal, a first quarter-wave plate, a convex lens, a planar partial reflection mirror and a second quarter-wave plate are sequentially arranged along the exit direction of a laser beam emitted by the first laser tube, and the second laser tube is opposite to the birefringent crystal. According to the dual-modulation mutual-injection coherent two-color light source generating device disclosed by the invention, due to the adoption of a dual-modulation method, the injection locking is more stable, and the microwave radiation interference between two-channel microwave-modulated current signals is not required for being taken into account; and furthermore, a coherent two-color light source, which is emitted parallelly, is mutually perpendicular in linear polarization directions and is higher in purity, is obtained by a more compact structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to passive-type Atomic Clocks Based on Coherent Population Trapping field, relate in particular to the relevant double-colored light source generating apparatus that a kind of double modulation is injected mutually.
Background technology
Passive-type CPT(Coherent Population Trapping, Coherent Population Trapping imprison) atomic clock is a kind of equipment that high stability, pin-point accuracy frequency signal are provided, and it can meet the requirement of numerous application such as navigation, accurate location, accurate timing and precision measurement.And, passive-type CPT atomic clock have volume little, low in energy consumption, lightweight, start the various features such as fast and Miniaturized, thereby atomic clock can be applicable to, and navigation, communication, missile guidance, satellite are controlled, electrical network regulates and the technical field such as electronics equipment equipment.
The principle of CPT atomic clock is: the laser field of two kinds of different frequencies and the effect of Three-level Atom system, if the difference on the frequency of these two laser equals interval between two ground state hyperfine structures of atom, and meet two-photon resonance condition, two of ground state sub-energy levels are just coherently coupled together, atom on sub-energy level no longer absorbs photon from two laser fields, can not be excited to excited state, atom is trapped on two sub-energy levels of ground state.When wherein a branch of light frequency scans near atomic resonance frequency, the intensity in transmission of light in atomic medium is rendered as electromagnetically induced transparent signal, because electromagnetically induced transparent signal can be used as error signal after treatment, the output frequency of crystal oscillator is locked on the hyperfine sub-level spacing of atomic ground state.
In CPT atomic clock, important ingredient is physical location, and physical location comprises light source, atomic air chamber and photodetector.The laser signal that light source maker produces obtains Coherent Population Trapping by atomic air chamber and inner atomic gas effect the detection by photodetector and imprisons signal.
Existing light source comprises laser tube and quarter-wave plate, and the input end of laser tube is connected with current driving circuit.During work, current driving circuit output direct current signal and microwave signal coupling rear drive and adjusting laser tube are exported required laser signal, and the atomic gas effect that described laser signal is exported left-handed or right-circularly polarized light and atomic air chamber inside by quarter-wave plate also obtains Coherent Population Trapping imprison signal by the detection of photodetector.
Yet, what existing light source was exported is left-handed or right-circularly polarized light, when left-handed or right-circularly polarized light act on the atomic gas in atomic air chamber, because optical pumping effect can make a large amount of atoms, be distributed to the minimum or maximum energy level of magnetic quantum number, and two magnetic quantum numbers that atomic clock transition needs be population number on zero energy level seldom.In addition, frequency modulation Multi Colour Lasers that existing light source produces is intrafascicular is mainly ± 1 grade of frequency sideband participates in CPT process, other useless frequency sidebands as a setting light cause the contrast of Coherent Population Trapping imprison signal of acquisition very low, thereby have affected the degree of stability of crystal oscillator output frequency.
Therefore, be necessary to provide a kind of relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus to overcome above-mentioned defect.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the relevant double-colored light source generating apparatus that a kind of double modulation is injected mutually, we adopt the method for double modulation to make injection locking more stable, and need not consider that the microwave between two-way modulating current disturbs, our light path is so that compact structure has obtained parallel transmitting more, linear polarization is vertically mutual and the higher relevant double-colored light source of purity in addition.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides the relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus that a kind of double modulation is injected mutually, comprise the first laser tube and the second laser tube that are fixed in array substrate, the electric signal input end of the first laser tube connects the first T-shaped bias device, the electric signal input end of the second laser tube connects the second T-shaped bias device, the exit direction of the laser beam of launching along the first laser tube is disposed with birefringece crystal, the first quarter-wave plate, convex lens, planar section catoptron and the second quarter-wave plate, and the second laser tube is relative with birefringece crystal.
Preferably, the surperficial angle of the optical axis direction of birefringece crystal and birefringece crystal is 45 °.
Preferably, the thickness d of birefringece crystal meets formula:
, wherein, L is the distance of the light center of the first laser tube and the second laser tube, n
eand n
obe respectively the refractive index that extraordinary ray and ordinary light are propagated in birefringece crystal.
Preferably, birefringece crystal is neodymium yttrium vanadate crystal, and the first laser tube and the second laser tube are vertical cavity surface-emitting laser pipe.
Preferably, the angle of the polarization direction of the laser beam that the optical axis direction of the first quarter-wave plate and the first laser tube send is 45 °, and the angle of the polarization direction of the laser beam that the optical axis direction of the second quarter-wave plate and the first laser tube send is 45 °.
Preferably, the first laser tube is positioned in the focus of convex lens.
Preferably, the focal length of described convex lens is greater than the thickness of birefringece crystal (d), and the first laser instrument and second laser are not more than the distance (L) between the first laser instrument and second laser to the difference of convex lens distance.
Preferably, the laser beam that the first laser tube sends is perpendicular to the surperficial incident of planar section catoptron.
Preferably, the transmissivity of planar section catoptron and the ratio of reflectivity are
.It should be noted that, the transmissivity of planar section catoptron and reflectivity sum are 100.
Compare with the mutual injection locking technique of dullness system, on the one hand, in the scheme of dullness system, it is only locking mutually between the carrier wave of the first laser instrument and the first optics sideband of second laser, adopt the method for double modulation to make all corresponding lockings mutually of sidebands all in the first laser instrument and second laser output polychromatic light, therefore locking is more stable.In the scheme of dullness system, two laser instrument distances that are integrated on same chip are very near, and microwave can affect the unmodulated direct current of the first laser instrument.In the scheme of double modulation, because the DC current of two laser instruments is all subject to the microwave modulation of equal-wattage, same frequency, microwave is not impact each other.On the other hand, in light path, by regulating the angle of laser instrument can realize the rotation of polarization direction, therefore can save a half-wave plate that regulates laser polarization direction.In light path, be furnished with convex lens, convex lens just can become parallel beam by the divergent beams of two laser instrument outputs.Adopt the convex lens compared with long-focus simultaneously, more easily make, reduced cost, be more conducive to the layout of two laser tubes.Our light path is so that compact structure has obtained parallel transmitting more, linear polarization is vertically mutual and the higher relevant double-colored light source of purity.
By following description also by reference to the accompanying drawings, it is more clear that the present invention will become, and these accompanying drawings are used for explaining embodiments of the invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that double modulation of the present invention is injected the structural representation of relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus mutually.
Fig. 2 is light path and the polarization variations schematic diagram of the first laser tube outgoing laser beam in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is light path and the polarization variations schematic diagram of the second laser tube outgoing laser beam in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the spectrum diagram of first and second laser tube Output of laser in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is that beat signal and the single laser tube of the double modulation of the present invention relevant bi-coloured light that the relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus of injection produces is mutually subject to the oscillogram that modulation signal drives the beat signal between the polychromatic light sideband producing.
Embodiment
With reference now to accompanying drawing, describe embodiments of the invention, in accompanying drawing, similarly element numbers represents similar element.
As shown in Figure 1, the double modulation of the present embodiment is injected mutually relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus and is comprised T-shaped bias device 9, T-shaped bias device 8, microwave power distributor 7, array substrate 10, the microwave signal of input is divided into by microwave power distributor 7 the two-way microwave that power is equal, the modulation signal I that first via microwave and direct current signal DC1 are coupled into by T-shaped bias device 9
1the modulation signal I that the first laser tube 11, the second road microwaves that drive and direct current signal DC2 are coupled into by T-shaped bias device 8
2the second laser tube 12 driving, birefringece crystal 13, one or four/wave plate 14, convex lens 15, planar section catoptron 16 and the second quarter-wave plate 17.The first quarter-wave plate 14, convex lens 15, planar section catoptron 16 and the second quarter-wave plate 17 set gradually along the exit direction of the laser beam of the first laser tube 11 transmittings, the top of birefringece crystal 13 is arranged between the first laser tube 11 and the first quarter-wave plate 14, and the bottom of birefringece crystal 13 is relative with the second laser tube 12.Preferably, the first laser tube 11 and the second laser tube 12 are vertical cavity surface-emitting laser pipe, and birefringece crystal 13 is neodymium yttrium vanadate crystal.
Particularly, the surperficial angle α of the optical axis direction of birefringece crystal 13 and birefringece crystal 13 is 45 °.The thickness d of birefringece crystal 13 meets formula:
, wherein, L is the distance of the light center of the first laser tube 11 and the second laser tube 12, n
eand n
obe respectively the refractive index that extraordinary ray and ordinary light are propagated in birefringece crystal 13, can obtain by the technical manual of crystal.The angle of the polarization direction of the laser beam that the optical axis direction of the first quarter-wave plate 14 and the first laser tube 11 send is 45 °, and the angle of the polarization direction of the laser beam that the optical axis direction of the second quarter-wave plate 17 and the first laser tube 11 send is 45 °.The first laser tube 11 is positioned in the focus of convex lens 15.The laser beam that the first laser tube 11 sends is perpendicular to the surperficial incident of planar section catoptron 16.The transmissivity of planar section catoptron 16 and the ratio of reflectivity are 99:1.
Fig. 2 is light path and the polarization variations schematic diagram of the first laser tube outgoing laser beam.As shown in Figure 2, the first laser tube 11 is at direct current signal I
1driving under launch the linearly polarized laser bundle a1 dispersing, regulate the angle of laser tube, make linearly polarized light a1 polarization direction vertical.When the perpendicular linear polarization laser beam a1 dispersing propagates in birefringece crystal 13, the direction of propagation does not change, thereby, during from birefringece crystal 13 outgoing, be still monochromatic perpendicular linear polarization laser beam.Rotate the angle of the first quarter-wave plate 14, making optical axis direction and horizontal direction angle is 45 °, disperses perpendicular linear polarization laser beam a1 and after the first quarter-wave plate 14, becomes and disperse Left-hand circular polarization laser beam a2.Because the first laser tube is positioned in the focus of convex lens 15, disperse Left-hand circular polarization laser beam a2 and become parallel Left-hand circular polarization laser beam a3 through convex lens 15.Transmissivity: the planar section catoptron 16 that reflectivity is 99:1 is divided into the Left-hand circular polarization laser beam a4 of transmission and the Left-hand circular polarization laser beam a5 of reflection by parallel left-handed rotatory polarization a3, convenient in order to describe with view, a5 in the vertical direction has been carried out to translation.Rotating the second quarter-wave plate 17, to make optical axis direction and horizontal direction angle be 45 °, and the Left-hand circular polarization laser beam a4 of transmission becomes horizontal linear polarization laser beam a6 through the second quarter-wave plate 17.The Left-hand circular polarization laser beam a5 of reflection becomes Injection Level linearly polarized laser bundle a7 again after the first quarter-wave plate 14.Due to the birefringent characteristic of birefringece crystal 13, there is unirefringence in entering birefringece crystal 13 time in Injection Level linearly polarized laser bundle a7, thereby the direction of propagation of horizontal linear polarization laser beam a7 in birefringece crystal 13 and the angle of horizontal direction are
when unirefringence occurs again horizontal linear polarization laser beam a7 when transmiting birefringece crystal 13, like this, the direction of propagation of the horizontal linear polarization laser beam a7 transmiting from birefringece crystal 13 again changes and, become horizontal linear polarization laser beam a8, horizontal linear polarization laser beam a8 can just in time be injected in the second laser tube 12.
Fig. 3 is light path and the polarization variations schematic diagram of the second laser tube outgoing laser beam.As shown in Figure 3, the modulation signal I that the second laser tube l2 is being coupled to form by microwave signal and direct current signal
2driving under launch the frequency modulation polychrome linearly polarized light b1 dispersing, regulate the angle of the second laser tube l2 to make the polarization direction level of divergence line polarized light b1.There is unirefringence in horizontal linear polarization light b1, thereby the direction of propagation of horizontal linear polarization light b1 in birefringece crystal 14 and the angle of horizontal direction are when entering birefringece crystal 13
, when transmiting in birefringece crystal 14, horizontal linear polarization light b1 there is again unirefringence, and like this, the direction of propagation of the horizontal linear polarization light b2 transmiting from birefringece crystal 13 again changes and.Horizontal linear polarization light b2 becomes right-hand circular polarization laser beam b3 after the first quarter-wave plate 14.For general birefringece crystal, as neodymium yttrium vanadate crystal, n
oand n
ebe respectively 1.9500 and 2.1554,
, geometric relationship from Fig. 1, the focal length of convex lens 15 is greater than d, and the first laser instrument 11 and second laser 12 are less than L to the difference of convex lens 15 distance, therefore second laser is also similar to the focus that is positioned at convex lens 15, therefore the right-hand circular polarization laser beam b3 dispersing becomes parallel right-hand circular polarization laser beam b4 through convex lens 15, right-hand circular polarization laser beam b4 is transmitted rate: the planar section catoptron 16 that reflectivity is 99:1 is divided into the right-hand circular polarization laser beam b5 of transmission and the right-hand circular polarization laser beam b6 of reflection, convenient in order to describe with view, b6 in the vertical direction has been carried out to translation.The right-hand circular polarization laser beam b5 of transmission becomes perpendicular linear polarization laser beam b7 through the second quarter-wave plate 17.The right-hand circular polarization laser beam b6 of reflection becomes injection perpendicular linear polarization laser beam b8 again after the first quarter-wave plate 14.Inject perpendicular linear polarization laser beam b8 and can not change in the direction of propagation of birefringece crystal 13, along original light path, return.Perpendicular linear polarization laser beam b8 transmission becomes injection perpendicular linear polarization laser beam b9 after crossing birefringece crystal 13, is injected in the first laser tube 11.
As mentioned above, the first laser tube 11 and the second laser tube 12 form mutual injection by the reflected light of planar section catoptron 16.The microwave modulation that the drive current of the first laser instrument l1 and the second laser tube 12 is subject to is more shallow, and the laser of output comprises a plurality of equally spaced frequency sidebands, and wherein the power of carrier wave is 90% of total light intensity luminous power.Regulate I
1direct current signal make the laser carrier frequency of the first laser tube 11 output and the second laser tube 12+frequency of 1 grade of optical sideband overlaps, as shown in Figure 4, the first laser tube 11 now ...-4,-3 ,-2 ,-1,0 ,+1 ,+2, level sideband is respectively with the second laser tube 12 ...-3 ,-2 ,-1,0, + 1 ,+2 ,+3 ... the coupling of level sideband.First laser tube 11 ...-4 ,-3 ,-2,-1,0 ,+1, + 2 ... level sideband is respectively with the second laser tube 12 ...-3 ,-2,-1,0 ,+1 ,+2, + 3 ... level sideband forms with poor locking, the different poor locking that it is microwave frequency that the carrier wave of the carrier wave of the first laser tube 11 and the second laser tube 12 forms frequency difference.Due under double modulation, the first laser instrument and second laser are exported all corresponding lockings mutually of sidebands all in polychromatic light, therefore lock more stable.In addition, in the scheme of dullness system, two laser instrument distances that are integrated on same chip are very near, and microwave can affect the unmodulated direct current of the first laser instrument.In the scheme of double modulation, because the direct current of two laser instruments is all subject to the microwave modulation of equal-wattage, same frequency, microwave is not impact each other.Transmission is crossed in the output light of planar section catoptron 16 and is mainly comprised the laser carrier of the first laser tube 11 and the carrier wave of the second laser tube 12, has so just obtained the polarization direction vertical and higher relevant bi-coloured light of purity mutually.
In order to judge the coherence of the bi-coloured light of acquisition, can be by the light of output through a polaroid, the ratio that the angle of rotatory polarization sheet makes the first laser tube 11 and the second laser tube 12 transmissions cross the laser power of polaroid is 1:1.Then with high-speed photodetector, the beat signal of the bi-coloured light of obtaining being sent into frequency spectrograph observes.As shown in Figure 5, X1 is the beat signal between the polychromatic light sideband that sends of the second laser tube 12, X2 is that the laser beam that rear the first laser tube 11 of locking and the second laser tube 12 send is closed the beat signal after bundle, we see that the latter's signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) exceeds about 22dB than the former, and the device that proves us has obtained high-purity, high coherence's double color laser really.
As mentioned above, the linear polarization of the light source that the present invention obtains is orthogonal and linearly polarized light can be decomposed into left-handed and stack right-circularly polarized light, pumping effect left-handed and that right-circularly polarized light produces can be cancelled out each other, when the orthogonal linear polarization bi-coloured light in polarization direction and atom are done the used time, can make a large amount of atom populations is on zero energy level, to be on the clock activated state that needs at atomic clock of a large amount of populations of atom to magnetic quantum number, thereby can obtain high-quality CPT signal.On the other hand, two laser tubes of the present invention carry out mutual injection locking by the reflected light of planar section catoptron, significantly reduced and in modulating light, do not participated in the light intensity of other sidebands of CPT process, thereby, can obtain the approximate relevant bi-coloured light that purity is higher, when the relevant bi-coloured light that purity is higher acts on the atomic gas in atomic air chamber, can improve the quality of CPT signal.Again on the one hand, in light supply apparatus of the present invention, adopted optical device in two laser tube naked pipes and light supply apparatus of the present invention to be all applicable to integrated, thereby, can greatly reduce costs and realize microminiaturization.
Invention has been described for above combination most preferred embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiment of above announcement, and should contain the various modifications of carrying out according to essence of the present invention, equivalent combinations.
Claims (6)
1. the relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus that a double modulation is injected mutually, comprise the first laser tube and the second laser tube that are fixed in array substrate, the electric signal input end that it is characterized in that the first laser tube connects the first T-shaped bias device, the electric signal input end of the second laser tube connects the second T-shaped bias device, the exit direction of the laser beam of launching along the first laser tube is disposed with birefringece crystal, the first quarter-wave plate, convex lens, planar section catoptron and the second quarter-wave plate, and the second laser tube is relative with birefringece crystal; The first T-shaped bias device is connected microwave power distributor with the signal input part of the second T-shaped bias device; The first laser tube is positioned in the focus of convex lens; The focal length of described convex lens is greater than the thickness (d) of birefringece crystal, and the first laser instrument and second laser are not more than the distance (L) between the first laser instrument and second laser to the difference of convex lens distance.
2. the relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus that double modulation as claimed in claim 1 is injected mutually, is characterized in that, the surperficial angle of the optical axis direction of birefringece crystal and birefringece crystal is 45 °.
3. the relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus that double modulation as claimed in claim 1 is injected mutually, is characterized in that, birefringece crystal is neodymium yttrium vanadate crystal, and the first laser tube and the second laser tube are vertical cavity surface-emitting laser pipe.
4. the relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus that double modulation as claimed in claim 1 is injected mutually, it is characterized in that, the angle of the polarization direction of the laser beam that the optical axis direction of the first quarter-wave plate and the first laser tube send is 45 °, and the angle of the polarization direction of the laser beam that the optical axis direction of the second quarter-wave plate and the first laser tube send is 45 °.
5. the relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus that double modulation as claimed in claim 1 is injected mutually, is characterized in that, the laser beam that the first laser tube sends is perpendicular to the surperficial incident of planar section catoptron.
6. the relevant bi-coloured light source apparatus that the double modulation as described in claim 1 or 5 is injected mutually, is characterized in that, the transmissivity of planar section catoptron and the ratio of reflectivity are
.
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| CN109741670B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2021-06-11 | 安徽理工大学 | Nonlinear optical effect demonstration device |
| CN112650043B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-01-21 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Compact cold atomic clock for ground |
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| CN101847994A (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2010-09-29 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Method and device for implementing Ramsey-CPT atomic frequency standard by microwave periodic On-Off modulation VCSEL |
| CN102629102A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-08-08 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Coherent bi-color light source device and method for generating coherent bi-color light |
| CN102778839A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-11-14 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Physical system device of passive type CPT (Coherent Population Trapping) atomic clock |
| CN102799101A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-11-28 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Physical system device for chip coherent population trapping (CPT) atomic clock |
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| CN101847994A (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2010-09-29 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Method and device for implementing Ramsey-CPT atomic frequency standard by microwave periodic On-Off modulation VCSEL |
| CN102778839A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-11-14 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Physical system device of passive type CPT (Coherent Population Trapping) atomic clock |
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