CN103920987B - A kind of titanium alloy and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum - Google Patents
A kind of titanium alloy and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum Download PDFInfo
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- CN103920987B CN103920987B CN201410166026.3A CN201410166026A CN103920987B CN 103920987 B CN103920987 B CN 103920987B CN 201410166026 A CN201410166026 A CN 201410166026A CN 103920987 B CN103920987 B CN 103920987B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/001—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by extrusion or drawing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/24—Ferrous alloys and titanium or alloys thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of titanium alloy and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, relate to a kind of titanium alloy and stainless method of attachment.Be will solve current titanium alloy and stainless steel spreads in connection procedure, because interface very easily forms the intermetallic compound of continuous and high fragility, thus cause that strength of welded joint is low, the problem of poor toughness.Method: one, the processing of titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal; Two, the process on titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal surface to be connected; Three, sample assembling; Four, micro-diffusion connects; Five, butt welding consequent carries out secondary operations.The hot strength of the jointing obtained by the method can reach 450-620MPa, and toughness can reach 80-120J/cm
2.The present invention is used for the connection between titanium alloy and stainless steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of titanium alloy and stainless method of attachment.
Background technology
Stainless steel is the most frequently used structural material, has a series of excellent performance, as processing characteristics, mechanical property, fatigue behaviour, weldability, heat endurance etc., and advantage of lower cost, be applied in all multi-parts of aerospace field.But due to reasons such as proportion are larger, stainless steel is restricted in the use of aerospace field, often need to form composite component with other materials.
Titanium is a kind of important meals that the fifties grows up, there is the advantages such as specific strength is high, specific stiffness is high, heat resistance, good toughness, good heat conductivity and fatigue resistance are good, the important materials in the fields such as Aero-Space, petrochemical industry, national defence, nuclear energy, boats and ships, electronics, plays an important role in the most advanced branches of science and new and high technology.
If pure titanium or titanium alloy (hereinafter referred to as titanium alloy) are combined use with stainless steel, its composite component can retain stainless premium properties, can proportion be alleviated again, there is titanium alloy and stainless advantage simultaneously, give full play to the complementary advantage of bi-material in performance.Under many circumstances, as the parts in some part in nuclear fuel equipment for after-treatment in nuclear power unit, satellite propellant spray device and attitude pushing and controlling system, some parts, golf clubs and Medical Devices part etc. in petrochemical industry, all need the foreign material composite connector of the good characteristic having titanium and steel concurrently.
But due to the difference of the aspects such as process based prediction model, the connection between titanium alloy and stainless steel is very difficult, various method of attachment is all difficult to the joint obtaining high strength.As publication number be CN102632324A, denomination of invention is that the Chinese patent of method of welding dissimilar metal discloses one and utilizes arc welding to connect titanium and stainless method, the joint tensile strength obtained is 282MPa; As publication number be CN101722356A, denomination of invention is adopt the titanium metal material of composite interlayer and stainless steel electronic beam welding joint method for controlling brittle phases, the joint tensile strength obtained is 299MPa; As publication number be CN101284336A, denomination of invention is the argon-arc welding-braze welding composite welding method be connected with steel for titanium alloy, the joint tensile strength obtained is 266.6MPa.The hot strength of the joint that above three kinds of methods obtain all is only about 50% of mother metal titanium intensity, cannot be applied to the occasion needing high strength.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve current titanium alloy and stainless steel spreads in connection procedure, because interface very easily forms the intermetallic compound of continuous and high fragility, thus cause that strength of welded joint is low, the problem of poor toughness, a kind of titanium alloy and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum are provided.
Titanium alloy of the present invention and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, carry out according to the following steps:
One, the processing of titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal: taper surface is processed in stainless steel welded face, wherein tapering is 30-90 °, taper surface through polishing, be finely ground to surface roughness and be less than 0.1 μm, plane is processed in titanium alloy welding face, and surface roughness is less than 0.1 μm;
Two, the process on titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal surface to be connected: by the mother metal surface to be welded in step one, the HCl solution being 10%-15% through volumetric concentration carries out corrosion treatmentCorrosion Science, etching time is 5-8min, then through washed with de-ionized water 3-5 time, again through washes of absolute alcohol 1 time, then dry stand-by with hair-dryer; If the mother metal after process was placed more than 10 hours, repeat this step;
Three, sample assembling: the cone of stainless steel welded point is contacted and vertical assembling with the center in titanium alloy welding face, by high temperature resistant fixture fixed position;
Four, micro-diffusion connects: treating that weldment is placed in Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace by what assemble, is 1.0 × 10 in vacuum
-3pa-7.0 × 10
-3under the condition of Pa, with the speed of 10-30 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 750-860 DEG C, pressurization is started after insulation 10-60min, after the stainless steel conical surface being contacted by control diffusion Bonding pressure with the speed of 2-10mm/min completely with titanium alloy, cancel pressure, and be incubated 1-10min simultaneously, be then down to room temperature with the speed of 5-105 DEG C/min;
Five, butt welding consequent carries out secondary operations, namely completes titanium alloy and is connected with micro-diffusion of stainless vacuum.
Step 5 carries out by the technique such as Linear cut, milling machine butt welding consequent the product that secondary operations becomes given shape.
The present invention is by designing and interface processing the interfacial structure of stainless steel and titanium alloy Diffusion Bonding Joint, the Plastic Flow at accurate control inerface place and physical contact, and utilize stainless steel and titanium alloy flow in the superplasticity of contact interface and are out of shape, the combination of the atomic level in the two short time is achieved by the super diffusivity of activated atom on contact interface, below the growth thickness to 2 μm controlling titanium/steel brittleness of connecting interface intermetallic compound, thus obtain stainless steel and the titanium alloy Diffusion Bonding Joint of high strength and high tenacity.The hot strength of the jointing obtained by the method can reach 450-620MPa, and toughness can reach 80-120J/cm
2.In addition, micro-diffusion connection method of the present invention, in lower temperature with realize titanium alloy in the shorter time and be connected with stainless, technical process is simple, and production efficiency is high, and welding cost significantly reduces.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall picture photo of light microscope lower contact in embodiment 1; Fig. 2 is the local pictures of light microscope lower contact in embodiment 1; Fig. 3 is local pictures and the power spectrum line scanning of SEM lower contact in embodiment 1; Fig. 4 is the joint photo in kind in embodiment 1 under room temperature after crooked experiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited detailed description of the invention, also comprises any combination between each detailed description of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention one: present embodiment titanium alloy and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, carry out according to the following steps:
One, the processing of titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal: taper surface is processed in stainless steel welded face, wherein tapering is 30-90 °, taper surface through polishing, be finely ground to surface roughness and be less than 0.1 μm, plane is processed in titanium alloy welding face, and surface roughness is less than 0.1 μm;
Two, the process on titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal surface to be connected: by the mother metal surface to be welded in step one, the HCl solution being 10%-15% through volumetric concentration carries out corrosion treatmentCorrosion Science, etching time is 5-8min, then through washed with de-ionized water 3-5 time, again through washes of absolute alcohol 1 time, then dry stand-by with hair-dryer; If the mother metal after process was placed more than 10 hours, repeat this step;
Three, sample assembling: the cone of stainless steel welded point is contacted and vertical assembling with the center in titanium alloy welding face, by high temperature resistant fixture fixed position;
Four, micro-diffusion connects: treating that weldment is placed in Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace by what assemble, is 1.0 × 10 in vacuum
-3pa-7.0 × 10
-3under the condition of Pa, with the speed of 10-30 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 750-860 DEG C, pressurization is started after insulation 10-60min, after the stainless steel conical surface being contacted by control diffusion Bonding pressure with the speed of 2-10mm/min completely with titanium alloy, cancel pressure, and be incubated 1-10min simultaneously, be then down to room temperature with the speed of 5-105 DEG C/min;
Five, butt welding consequent carries out secondary operations, namely completes titanium alloy and is connected with micro-diffusion of stainless vacuum.
Step 5 carries out by the technique such as Linear cut, milling machine butt welding consequent the product that secondary operations becomes given shape.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: in step one, tapering is 50 °-70 °.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one or two unlike: the HCl solution being 10% through volumetric concentration in step 2 carries out corrosion treatmentCorrosion Science.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to three unlike: in step 2, etching time is 6-7min.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to three.
Detailed description of the invention five: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to four unlike: in step 4, vacuum is 2.0 × 10
-3pa-6.0 × 10
-3pa.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to four.
Detailed description of the invention six: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to four unlike: in step 4, vacuum is 4.0 × 10
-3pa.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to four.
Detailed description of the invention seven: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to six unlike: with the speed of 20 DEG C/min in step 4, be warmed up to 800 DEG C.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to six.
Detailed description of the invention eight: present embodiment and one of detailed description of the invention one to seven unlike: with the speed of 4-8mm/min, the stainless steel conical surface is contacted by controlling to spread Bonding pressure completely with titanium alloy in step 4.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to seven.
Detailed description of the invention nine: present embodiment and one of detailed description of the invention one to seven unlike: with the speed of 5mm/min, the stainless steel conical surface is contacted by controlling to spread Bonding pressure completely with titanium alloy in step 4.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to seven.
Detailed description of the invention ten: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to nine unlike: be down to room temperature with the speed of 10-80 DEG C/min in step 4.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to nine.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment titanium alloy and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, carry out according to the following steps:
One, the processing of titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal: taper surface is processed in stainless steel welded face, wherein tapering is 30-90 °, taper surface through polishing, be finely ground to surface roughness and be less than 0.1 μm, plane is processed in titanium alloy welding face, and surface roughness is less than 0.1 μm;
Two, the process on titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal surface to be connected: by the mother metal surface to be welded in step one, the HCl solution being 10% through volumetric concentration carries out corrosion treatmentCorrosion Science, etching time is 5min, then through washed with de-ionized water 3 times, again through washes of absolute alcohol 1 time, then dry stand-by with hair-dryer; If the mother metal after process was placed more than 10 hours, repeat this step;
Three, sample assembling: the cone of stainless steel welded point is contacted and vertical assembling with the center in titanium alloy welding face, by high temperature resistant fixture fixed position;
Four, micro-diffusion connects: treating that weldment is placed in Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace by what assemble, is 1.0 × 10 in vacuum
-3pa-7.0 × 10
-3under the condition of Pa, with the speed of 10-30 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 750-860 DEG C, pressurization is started after insulation 10-60min, after the stainless steel conical surface being contacted by control diffusion Bonding pressure with the speed of 2-10mm/min completely with titanium alloy, cancel pressure, and be incubated 1-10min simultaneously, be then down to room temperature with the speed of 5-105 DEG C/min;
Five, butt welding consequent carries out secondary operations, namely completes titanium alloy and is connected with micro-diffusion of stainless vacuum.
The postwelding part that the present embodiment obtains, the rectangular test specimen cutting about 3 × 3mm along mother metal axial direction at room temperature carries out tension test, when load reaches 497.70MPa, test specimen, in the fracture of titanium alloy mother metal place, shows joint tensile strength higher than the hot strength of mother metal titanium alloy.The overall picture photo of light microscope lower contact as shown in Figure 1; As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 middle and upper part is divided into stainless steel to the local pictures of light microscope lower contact, and bottom is divided into titanium alloy.As can be seen from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the joint of long 20mm all successfully realizes connecting, no significant defect.As shown in Figure 3, in Fig. 3, left part is divided into titanium alloy, and right part is divided into stainless steel for the local pictures of SEM lower contact and power spectrum line scanning, can find out the very thin thickness of reacting phase, less than 2 μm, successfully realizes micro-diffusion.Bend test is carried out at room temperature butt joint, and when test piece angle reaches 75 °, obvious crackle does not appear in joint location yet, and as shown in Figure 4, in Fig. 4, arrow indication place is joint location.Impact ductility test is carried out at room temperature butt joint, and be 300J (± 10J) at blow energy, hit under moment, impact velocity of the pendulum was the condition of 5.0-5.5m/s, the impact flexibility recording joint is 103.8J/cm
2, reached the impact flexibility (105J/cm of mother metal titanium alloy
2).The result of bend test and impact ductility test shows, the toughness of joint is very high, basic consistent with mother metal titanium alloy.
Claims (10)
1. titanium alloy and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, is characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:
One, the processing of titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal: taper surface is processed in stainless steel welded face, wherein tapering is 30-90 °, taper surface through polishing, be finely ground to surface roughness and be less than 0.1 μm, plane is processed in titanium alloy welding face, and surface roughness is less than 0.1 μm;
Two, the process on titanium alloy and stainless steel mother metal surface to be connected: by the mother metal surface to be welded in step one, the HCl solution being 10%-15% through volumetric concentration carries out corrosion treatmentCorrosion Science, etching time is 5-8min, then through washed with de-ionized water 3-5 time, again through washes of absolute alcohol 1 time, then dry stand-by with hair-dryer; If the mother metal after process was placed more than 10 hours, repeat this step;
Three, sample assembling: the cone of stainless steel welded point is contacted and vertical assembling with the center in titanium alloy welding face, by high temperature resistant fixture fixed position;
Four, micro-diffusion connects: treating that weldment is placed in Vacuum diffusion bonding furnace by what assemble, is 1.0 × 10 in vacuum
-3pa-7.0 × 10
-3under the condition of Pa, with the speed of 10-30 DEG C/min, be warmed up to 750-860 DEG C, pressurization is started after insulation 10-60min, after the stainless steel conical surface being contacted by control diffusion Bonding pressure with the speed of 2-10mm/min completely with titanium alloy, cancel pressure, and be incubated 1-10min simultaneously, be then down to room temperature with the speed of 5-105 DEG C/min;
Five, butt welding consequent carries out secondary operations, namely completes titanium alloy and is connected with micro-diffusion of stainless vacuum.
2. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 1 and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, is characterized in that in step one, tapering is 50 °-70 °.
3. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 1 and 2 and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, is characterized in that the HCl solution being 10% through volumetric concentration in step 2 carries out corrosion treatmentCorrosion Science.
4. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 3 and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, is characterized in that in step 2, etching time is 6-7min.
5. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 4 and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, is characterized in that in step 4, vacuum is 2.0 × 10
-3pa-6.0 × 10
-3pa.
6. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 4 and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, is characterized in that in step 4, vacuum is 4.0 × 10
-3pa.
7. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 5 and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, to is characterized in that in step 4, with the speed of 20 DEG C/min, being warmed up to 800 DEG C.
8. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 7 and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, is characterized in that with the speed of 4-8mm/min, the stainless steel conical surface being contacted by controlling diffusion Bonding pressure completely with titanium alloy in step 4.
9. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 7 and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, is characterized in that with the speed of 5mm/min, the stainless steel conical surface being contacted by controlling diffusion Bonding pressure completely with titanium alloy in step 4.
10. a kind of titanium alloy according to claim 8 and the micro-diffusion connection method of stainless vacuum, is characterized in that being down to room temperature with the speed of 10-80 DEG C/min in step 4.
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| JP6129140B2 (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2017-05-17 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | Stainless steel for diffusion bonding |
| CN107030367A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-08-11 | 西南交通大学 | The dissimilar metal diffusion welding method of titanium alloy and stainless steel |
| CN111299796A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-19 | 西南交通大学 | Dissimilar metal vacuum diffusion welding method for TC4 titanium alloy and 316L stainless steel |
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| CN101643899A (en) * | 2009-09-05 | 2010-02-10 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Preparation method of different-metal material welding middle layer |
| CN102218592A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2011-10-19 | 西北工业大学 | Diffusion welding method of titanium or titanium alloy and stainless steel |
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| CN1394302A (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2003-01-29 | 西铁城钟表股份有限公司 | Wristwatch case and methos of fixing pipe of wrist watch case |
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| CN101347854A (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2009-01-21 | 陈亚 | Method for welding titanium alloy and stainless steel |
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