CN103920626B - A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device - Google Patents
A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103920626B CN103920626B CN201410101590.7A CN201410101590A CN103920626B CN 103920626 B CN103920626 B CN 103920626B CN 201410101590 A CN201410101590 A CN 201410101590A CN 103920626 B CN103920626 B CN 103920626B
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 2
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- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device, the side of nozzle throat is nozzle contraction section, the opposite side of nozzle throat is nozzle divergence section, nozzle is provided with pressurized gas inlet and the optical transmission window entered for laser beam in nozzle contraction section side, optical transmission window offset nozzle axis is arranged, nozzle is provided with reflecting mirror A in nozzle contraction section, nozzle is provided with powdering inlet in nozzle divergence section side, reflecting mirror B, reflecting mirror C and reflecting mirror D, the laser beam entered from optical transmission window sequentially passes through reflecting mirror A in nozzle interior, reflecting mirror D, penetrate from nozzle divergence section after reflecting mirror B and reflecting mirror C reflection, powdering inlet is between reflecting mirror D and reflecting mirror B.The technical program laser and nozzle-axis are injected on the reflecting mirror in nozzle at an angle, and light beam, by the reflecting mirror multiple reflections in nozzle inner walls, is finally radiated on matrix, can uniformly preheat the gas of nozzle interior, powder and matrix.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device, particularly a kind of cold for laser
The supersonic nozzle device of spraying.
Background technology
Cold spraying is also known as cold-air dynamic spraying (Cold Gas Dynamic Spray, CGDS), in 20 generation
The discipline middle and late stage eighties, is proposed by former Soviet Union scientist, and it is a spraying based on aerodynamic principle
Technology, its principle is to utilize gases at high pressure (nitrogen, helium, air or mixed gas etc.) to carry powder
Granule enters high velocity air, produces supersonic gas fixed double phase flow, powder particle by shaped telescopic tube (Laval pipe)
After supersonic nozzle accelerates at solid states under with high velocity collision substrate, by producing strong moulding
Property deformation and be deposited on matrix surface formed coating.Depend on heat energy from thermal spraying or chemical energy is different, cold
Spray more kinetic energy depending on particle.Therefore this technology has the advantage that 1) spraying-and-heating temperature is remote
Less than its fusing point, granule there is no that oxidation, scaling loss and crystal grain such as are grown up at the phenomenon.Be applicable to nanocrystalline,
The temperature sensitive material such as amorphous, Cu, Ti etc. are to oxidation-sensitive materials, and carbide composite material etc. is quick to phase transformation
The spraying of sense material.2) coating is little to the heat affecting of matrix, makes the thermal stress between coating and matrix reduce.
Residual stress between coating is little and predominantly compressive stress, is conducive to obtaining the coating of thicker densification.3) spraying
Efficiency is high, and the porosity is low.4) dusty spray can be economic and environment-friendly with recycling.Cold spray technique for
Extension field of thermal spray is extremely important, and the application for surface engineering technology opens new approach.
Have been widely used for preparing various functional coat, nano coating, auto manufacturing, the repairing of machine components
Remanufacture again, the field such as Aero-Space.
To late 1990s, scientific research person starts to have carried out the research of laser assisted cold spray technique.
Laser assisted cold spraying is a kind of novel spraying and re-manufacturing technology, and its principle is as it is shown in figure 1, high pressure gas
Body source 101, powder feeder 102, Lava nozzle 103, experimental box 104, laser instrument 105, pyrometer 106,
Matrix 107, coating 108, powder recovering device 109.It is by the laser of supersonic speed powder beam Yu deposition region
Heating has been bound up on together.The advantage that laser assisted cold spraying remains cold spraying: solid deposited, high again
Manufacture rate and can depositing on a series of base material, and have more than cold spraying and be widely applied
Prospect.Laser is radiated on matrix, makes matrix soften, therefore, it is possible to realize the preparation of difficulty deposition material coating,
Expand the range of material and matrix；The introducing of laser can remove use gas preheating unit from, reduces
The consumption of compressed gas, can replace nitrogen or argon with cheap compressed air again, reduce technique
Production cost；Laser sofening treatment granule or matrix, moment regulation and change the mechanical property of material,
Make its Plastic Flow increase, improve particles collision sedimentation state, improve the thickness of powder coating, deposition
Rate, compactness and bond strength, obtained coating is better than cold spraying coating.
The laser assisted cold spraying nozzle of a kind of simple in construction is proposed in European patent GB2439934A, should
In nozzle, laser optical path is coaxial with nozzle, and laser facula is slightly less than the diameter of nozzle throat.During work, laser
The window made through special material irradiates in nozzle and final irradiation is on matrix, and nozzle a-road-through enters height
Calming the anger body, a-road-through enters powder to be sprayed, and both reach supersonic speed in Laval nozzle, in solid form
Impinge upon formation coating on matrix.During whole, laser both heated gas, powder particle, also heats
Matrix, makes powder and matrix soften simultaneously, therefore substantially increases deposition and bond strength.But should
In nozzle, powder enters throat from contraction section, throat diameter generally only several millimeters, for low melting point and softer
Metal powder material under the irradiation of laser, be easily bonded in nozzle throat, easily cause spray after working long hours
Mouth blocks, and the requirement to spot diameter is high, it is necessary to less than nozzle throat diameter.
United States Patent (USP) US20110300306A1 it is also proposed a kind of laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device, uses
Be also the laser optical path method coaxial with nozzle.In this patent, powder particle is sent into by nozzle divergence section, because of
This avoids powder and is bonded in the phenomenon of throat because of thermoplastic.But the laser assisted that laser is coaxial with powder
The common drawback of cold spraying nozzle is that laser is the hottest uneven to carrier gas in granule and nozzle, there is intermediate heat
Measuring the phenomenon that many both sides heat is few, coating after deposition thick middle both sides are thin, and powder using efficiency is relatively low.
Laser assisted cold spray technique mainly uses the method that laser laterally irradiates at present, and nozzle is pure cold
Nozzle used by spraying.Chinese invention patent CN101153393A discloses a kind of containing laser irradiate cold
Aerodynamic force spraying method, while spraying, the dead ahead at circle spraying speckle irradiates and has oval-shaped laser
Hot spot.The method can significantly reduce the critical velocity of particle in cold spray process, improves bonding efficiency.But
When being lateral irradiating laser hot spot, only preheat matrix, some hard particles need nonetheless remain for pre-in nozzle
Hot carrier gas just can make the final depositing base of powder, and the shortcomings such as gas consumption is big are the most unresolved.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method
And spray nozzle device, laser and nozzle-axis are injected on the reflecting mirror in nozzle at an angle, and light beam passes through
Reflecting mirror multiple reflections in nozzle inner walls, is finally radiated on matrix.This device can be to nozzle interior
Gas, powder and matrix uniformly preheat, and can cancel carrier gas preheating device.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device, including nozzle, the side of nozzle throat is nozzle contraction section,
The opposite side of nozzle throat is nozzle divergence section, nozzle be provided with in nozzle contraction section side pressurized gas inlet and
The optical transmission window entered for laser beam, optical transmission window offset nozzle axis is arranged, and nozzle is in nozzle contraction section
Being provided with reflecting mirror A, nozzle is provided with powdering inlet, reflecting mirror B, reflecting mirror C and anti-in nozzle divergence section side
Penetrating mirror D, the laser beam entered from optical transmission window sequentially passes through reflecting mirror A, reflecting mirror D, anti-in nozzle interior
Penetrating from nozzle divergence section after penetrating mirror B and reflecting mirror C reflection, powdering inlet is positioned at reflecting mirror D and reflecting mirror B
Between.
As preferably, described pressurized gas inlet is vertical with nozzle-axis, and powdering inlet is vertical with nozzle-axis.
As preferably, described reflecting mirror A and reflecting mirror D is fixing with nozzle one to be connected, and reflecting mirror B is with anti-
Penetrate mirror C to be removably mounted on nozzle.
As preferably, described reflecting mirror A, reflecting mirror D, reflecting mirror B and reflecting mirror C are plane mirror or concave surface
Mirror.
A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method, including a kind of laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device as above,
Gases at high pressure enter nozzle interior from pressurized gas inlet, sequentially pass through nozzle contraction section, nozzle throat and spray
Spray to matrix after mouth expansion segment；Powder particle is taken by gases at high pressure after powdering inlet enters nozzle divergence section
Band forms powder stream and sprays to matrix；Laser beam enters nozzle interior from optical transmission window, sequentially pass through reflecting mirror A,
Being radiated on matrix after reflecting mirror D, reflecting mirror B and reflecting mirror C reflection, laser beam passes in reflection process
Powder particle is preheated by powder stream, laser beam at irradiation area and the powder stream of matrix surface at matrix table
The jeting area overlapping in face.
The incident angle of above-mentioned laser beam should be between 0 ° to nozzle convergency half, optical transmission window and reflecting mirror
The installation site of A, B, C, D determines through light beam reflection angle relation, and reflecting mirror A is necessarily mounted at receipts
In contracting section, after reflecting mirror B is arranged on throat and before powder feeding entrance, and reflecting mirror B, C are arranged on powder feeding
After entrance.As preferably, the incident angle of the described laser beam angle of nozzle-axis (incoming laser beam with)
Being 1 °～10 °, the converging angles of nozzle contraction section is (in two contractions being oppositely arranged centered by nozzle-axis
Angle between wall) it is 30 °～45 °, the expansion angle of nozzle divergence section (centered by nozzle-axis phase
Angle between the two expansion inwalls arranged) it is 10 °～12 °.
Due to the fact that and have employed above technical scheme, during work, laser instrument sends with nozzle-axis is specific
The laser beam of angle, light beam pass through window, enter nozzle be radiated on reflecting mirror A, light beam be reflected mirror D,
The reflection of B and C is finally radiated on matrix, and meanwhile gases at high pressure enter nozzle interior by gas access
After Laval nozzle accelerate, reach supersonic speed and carry the powder stream from powdering inlet entrance nozzle divergence section,
Laser beam heated the gas in nozzle, powder particle and matrix during arriving matrix on a large scale,
Making powder and matrix soften, beneficially powder particle is deposited on matrix and forms high performance coating.This laser
Auxiliary cold spraying nozzle can be to gas in nozzle and powder particle and substrate preheating, and preheating is uniformly, can exempt from
Remove gas-heating apparatus, and light spot shape diameter is unrestricted can flexible.Powder injects from expansion segment,
Avoid the appearance of nozzle throat clogging.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art laser cold spraying system.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention；
1-laser instrument, 2-laser beam, 3-optical transmission window, 4-nozzle, 5-reflecting mirror A, 6-powder enters
Mouthful, 7-reflecting mirror B, 8-powder stream, 9-coating, 10-matrix, 11-reflecting mirror C, 12-nozzle
Expansion segment, 13-reflecting mirror D, 14-nozzle throat, 15-nozzle contraction section, 16-pressurized gas inlet,
17-nozzle-axis.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is made a detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device as shown in Figure 2, including nozzle 4, nozzle throat 14
Side is nozzle contraction section 15, and the opposite side of nozzle throat 14 is nozzle divergence section 12, and nozzle 4 is at nozzle
Contraction section 15 side is provided with pressurized gas inlet 16 and the optical transmission window 3 entered for laser beam 2, optical transmission window
3 offset nozzle axis 17 are arranged, and nozzle 4 is provided with reflecting mirror A5 in nozzle contraction section 15, and nozzle 4 exists
Nozzle divergence section 12 side is provided with powdering inlet 6, reflecting mirror B7, reflecting mirror C11 and reflecting mirror D13, from
The laser beam 2 that optical transmission window 3 enters sequentially passes through reflecting mirror A5, reflecting mirror D13, anti-inside nozzle 4
Penetrating from nozzle divergence section 12 after penetrating mirror B7 and reflecting mirror C11 reflection, powdering inlet 6 is positioned at reflecting mirror D13
And between reflecting mirror B7.Described pressurized gas inlet 16 is vertical with nozzle-axis 17, powdering inlet 6 and spray
Mouth axis 17 is vertical.Described reflecting mirror A5 and reflecting mirror D13 is fixing with nozzle 4 one to be connected, reflecting mirror
B7 and reflecting mirror C11 is removably mounted on nozzle 4.Described reflecting mirror A5, reflecting mirror D13,
Reflecting mirror B7 and reflecting mirror C11 is plane mirror or concave mirror.
A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method, including a kind of laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device as above,
It is internal that gases at high pressure enter nozzle 4 from pressurized gas inlet 16, sequentially passes through nozzle contraction section 15, nozzle throat
Spray to matrix 10 behind portion 14 and nozzle divergence section 12；Powder particle enters nozzle divergence from powdering inlet 6
Carried by gases at high pressure after section 12 and form powder stream 8 and spray to matrix 10；The laser beam 2 that laser instrument 1 produces,
Enter nozzle 4 from optical transmission window 3 internal, sequentially pass through reflecting mirror A5, reflecting mirror D13, reflecting mirror B7 and
Being radiated on matrix 10 after reflecting mirror C11 reflection, laser beam 2 passes powder stream 8 to powder in reflection process
End granule preheats, and the laser beam 2 irradiation area on matrix 10 surface and powder stream 8 are at matrix 10 table
The jeting area overlapping in face.
In the present embodiment, the incident angle of described laser beam 2 is 1 °～10 °, the receipts of nozzle contraction section 15
Contracting angle is 30 °～45 °, and the expansion angle of nozzle divergence section 12 is 10 °～12 °.Reflecting mirror A5 and
D13 is directly embedded in superonic flow nozzzle 4 and is integrated with nozzle, and reflecting mirror B7 and C11 is detachable, logical
Cross screw to be fixed on nozzle 4.
Laser instrument 1 sends and the X-axis (nozzle-axis 17) laser beam 2 in special angle, and light beam is through thoroughly
Light window 3, enters nozzle and is radiated on reflecting mirror A5, and light beam is reflected mirror D13, reflecting mirror B7 and reflection
The reflection of mirror C11 is finally radiated on matrix, and meanwhile gases at high pressure are entered by pressurized gas inlet 16
Nozzle interior reaches supersonic speed after Laval nozzle accelerates and carries and enter nozzle divergence section from powdering inlet 6
Powder stream 8 in 12, laser beam arrive heated on a large scale during matrix the gas in nozzle,
Powder particle and matrix, make powder and matrix soften, and beneficially powder particle is deposited on matrix 10 formation height
The coating 9 of performance.This laser assisted cold spraying nozzle can be pre-to gas in nozzle and powder particle and matrix
Heat, and preheating is uniformly, can remove gas-heating apparatus from, and light spot shape diameter is unrestricted can flexible.
This device powder is sent into after the expansion segment of superonic flow nozzzle, is substantially reduced powder feeding air pressure, cost-effective,
And nozzle throat can be avoided to bond even clogging.The reflection being fixed by screws on nozzle
Mirror B7 and reflecting mirror C11 is dismountable, after laser cold spraying a period of time, can by reflecting mirror B7 and
Reflecting mirror C11 takes off, and uses special lens paper to carry out wiping.
It is emphasized that: be the most only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not the present invention is made any
Pro forma restriction, any simple modification that above example is made by every technical spirit according to the present invention,
Equivalent variations and modification, all still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device, it is characterised in that include nozzle (4), nozzle throat (14)
Side be nozzle contraction section (15), the opposite side of nozzle throat (14) is nozzle divergence section (12),
Nozzle (4) is provided with pressurized gas inlet (16) and for laser beam (2) in nozzle contraction section (15) side
The optical transmission window (3) entered, optical transmission window (3) offset nozzle axis (17) is arranged, nozzle (4)
Being provided with reflecting mirror A (5) in nozzle contraction section (15), nozzle (4) is in nozzle divergence section (12)
Side is provided with powdering inlet (6), reflecting mirror B (7), reflecting mirror C (11) and reflecting mirror D (13), from
The laser beam (2) that optical transmission window (3) enters nozzle (4) internal sequentially pass through reflecting mirror A (5),
Reflecting mirror D (13), reflecting mirror B (7) and reflecting mirror C (11) reflection after from nozzle divergence section (12)
Injection, powdering inlet (6) is positioned between reflecting mirror D (13) and reflecting mirror B (7).
A kind of laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described height
Pressure gas access (16) is vertical with nozzle-axis (17), powdering inlet (6) and nozzle-axis (17)
Vertically.
A kind of laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described instead
Penetrate that mirror A (5) and reflecting mirror D (13) and nozzle (4) one is fixing to be connected, reflecting mirror B (7) and
Reflecting mirror C (11) is removably mounted on nozzle (4).
A kind of laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described instead
Penetrating mirror A (5), reflecting mirror D (13), reflecting mirror B (7) and reflecting mirror C (11) is plane mirror or recessed
Face mirror.
5. a laser assisted cold spray-coating method, it is characterised in that include institute as any one of Claims 1-4
A kind of laser assisted cold spraying spray nozzle device stated, gases at high pressure enter spray from pressurized gas inlet (16)
Mouth (4) is internal, sequentially passes through nozzle contraction section (15), nozzle throat (14) and nozzle divergence section (12)
Rear injection is to matrix (10)；Powder particle after powdering inlet (6) enters nozzle divergence section (12) by
Gases at high pressure carry formation powder stream (8) and spray to matrix (10)；Laser beam (2) is from optical transmission window (3)
Enter nozzle (4) internal, sequentially pass through reflecting mirror A (5), reflecting mirror D (13), reflecting mirror B (7)
Being radiated on matrix (10) after reflecting with reflecting mirror C (11), laser beam (2) is worn in reflection process
Crossing powder stream (8) to preheat powder particle, laser beam (2) is in the irradiation on matrix (10) surface
Region and powder stream (8) the jeting area overlapping on matrix (10) surface.
A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described laser beam
(2) incident angle is 1 °～10 °, and the converging angles of nozzle contraction section (15) is 30 °～45
°, the expansion angle of nozzle divergence section (12) is 10 °～12 °.
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| CN201410101590.7A CN103920626B (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device |
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| CN201410101590.7A CN103920626B (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-03-19 | A kind of laser assisted cold spray-coating method and spray nozzle device |
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| CN103920626B true CN103920626B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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| CN105862034B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of supersonic speed laser deposition coaxial powder feeding apparatus |
| MX2019004515A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2019-09-26 | Univ Michigan Regents | Cold spray apparatus with large area conformal deposition ability. |
| CN106694872A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-24 | 华中科技大学 | Compound additional material manufacturing method applicable to parts and dies |
| CN108950533B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2020-08-11 | 廖妤 | Laser-cold spraying coaxial composite deposition device and method |
| CN107622146B (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2020-07-03 | 西北工业大学 | Design method of cold spray nozzle for cold spraying |
| CN107937904B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-12-31 | 常州大学 | Method and device for preparing aluminum coating by laser cold spraying |
| CN108188401A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-06-22 | 顺德职业技术学院 | High-frequency induction heating assists cold spraying deposited metal 3D printing method and apparatus |
| CN108754423B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2020-07-14 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Organic vapor deposition device and control method thereof |
| CN109161886A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-08 | 北京石油化工学院 | A kind of method of laser assisted cold spraying increasing material manufacturing |
| CN110328364B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-11-24 | 华中科技大学 | Additive manufacturing method and device suitable for ceramic and composite material thereof |
| CN111349924B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-11-02 | 东南大学 | Underwater laser-cold spraying composite deposition device |
| CN111254431B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2022-03-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Light-powder co-path powder feeding nozzle for atmosphere protection |
| CN111519185B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-05-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Supersonic laser deposition device and method |
| CN111719146B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2023-05-23 | 浙江工业大学 | Double-laser head double-powder-feeding-port supersonic laser deposition nozzle device and deposition method |
| CN114130581B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-09-29 | 国网宁夏电力有限公司检修公司 | Laser cold spraying assembly and spraying system |
| CN115233141B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2024-03-29 | 广西大学 | Novel laser spraying device and spraying method thereof |
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| JP2011122213A (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-23 | Iwate Industrial Research Center | Method for forming film by cold spray method and cold spray apparatus |
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| US6623796B1 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2003-09-23 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method of producing a coating using a kinetic spray process with large particles and nozzles for the same |
| GB2439934A (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-16 | William Geoffrey Hopkins | Laser-assisted spray system and nozzle |
| CN101125394A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-02-20 | 华中科技大学 | Automatic powder feeding laser induction composite coating method and device |
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