CN103901614B - A kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device - Google Patents
A kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103901614B CN103901614B CN201310470422.0A CN201310470422A CN103901614B CN 103901614 B CN103901614 B CN 103901614B CN 201310470422 A CN201310470422 A CN 201310470422A CN 103901614 B CN103901614 B CN 103901614B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device.It comprises four to the electromagnetic wave of incidence is transparent and isotropic media units, wherein, first and the 4th media units be the rectangular leg-of-mutton cylinder of xsect, second and the 3rd media units be xsect cylinder triangular in shape; Second and the 3rd media units first and the 4th between media units; An incline of the side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is overlapping with an incline of second medium unit, and an incline of the 3rd media units is overlapping with an incline of the side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; The side at a right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is parallel with the side at a right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; The side at another right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is overlapping with the extended surface of the side at another right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; The present invention is applicable to whole electromagnetic wave band.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device, belong to the stealthy field of electromagnetic wave.
Background technology
Electromagnetic wave stealth technology, refers to by technological means, makes object be difficult to the technology arrived by electromagnetic wave detection.Electromagnetic wave refers to by in-phase oscillation and a kind of ripple of energy and momentum transmission is carried out in mutually perpendicular electric field and magnetic field in space with the form of cyclic swing.Electromagnetic wave spectrum comprises all possible frequency of electromagnetic radiation, and electromagnetic wave spectrum frequency from low to high Fen Do is classified as radiowave, microwave, infrared ray, visible ray, ultraviolet, X ray and gamma ray.Electromagnetic wave spectrum is unlimited, and is continuous print.Usually, time on electromagnetic wave irradiation to object, can not fully propagate into object rear, but scattering can be there is on object, therefore can produce shade at the rear of object when electromagnetic wave irradiation is on object, the background be in shadow region at object rear is just blocked by object and can not be detected.Desirable electromagnetic wave stealth technology, electromagnetic wave can be made to walk around by stealthy object, and at the another side of object according to original path outgoing, thus making the rear of object not produce any shade, the background at object rear or other objects also can not be blocked by object above.In this case, electromagnetic wave is not irradiated on object, is equivalent to object and does not exist, and also namely object obtains perfectly stealthy.
Current existing stealth technology, the stealth technology that such as stealth aircraft etc. adopt, be not eliminate the shade of aircraft under radar wave irradiates, but allow the electromagnetic wave reflected back reach minimum by the material smearing energy absorbing radar wave at body surface, prevent aircraft from being found by radar, thus realize stealthy.This technology is not real stealthy, and this technology operates mainly in microwave region, and can only to single base station radar invisible, and can not be stealthy to bistatic radar, is therefore easy to just be found by bistatic radar.At visible light wave range, main or military camouflage color of existing stealth technology etc., but along with the change of background environment, this technology no longer will have stealth effect, therefore this is a kind of camouflage, instead of disappears from sight line veritably.Separately there is a kind of concealed device, it is by camera and display screen, opposite side is presented at after being taken by the object of side, but its effect is by the impact of the quality of image, and need extra energy, and the devices such as the camera of outside, power supply line all can be seen, what this method neither be real is stealthy.Also have a kind of mode, by optical fiber, light is directed to opposite side from side, thus walk around middle object, but the technological requirement of such device to optical fiber is higher, also needs the optical fiber of substantial amounts, what but can only realize on a direction is stealthy.Therefore, these invisible methods are not the desirable invisible methods that common people understand, so-called " desirable invisible method ", refer to and electromagnetic wave can be made to walk around by stealthy object, and at the another side of object according to original path outgoing, electromagnetic wave can not be blocked by object, thus makes object rear can not present the stealth technology of shadow region.
Pendry etc. publish an article and propose a kind of desirable stealth technology method on the Science periodical [Science312,1780 (2006)] of 2006.They are by the method for transform optics, design specific inductive capacity and the magnetic permeability parameter stealthy device with spatial variations, and have carried out experimental verification in microwave region.In experimental verification, they adopt a kind of anisotropic media (Metamaterial) material to realize: adopt metal pattern array structure go out effective dielectric constant and equivalent permeability parameter with spatial variations, the medium with anisotropic properties, and make these EFFECTIVE MEDIUM in cylindrical coordinate according to necessarily require place, realize columniform stealthy device.But the method for the stealthy device of this employing metal pattern array structure, building method more complicated, simultaneously because metal is very large in the loss of optical frequencies, and yardstick diminishes aft-loaded airfoil difficulty, and said method can only be used for microwave or far infrared frequency range substantially.In the experimental verification of the people such as Pendry, they have employed a lot of approximate, and therefore in reality, their stealthy device makes the scattering cross-section of object only decrease 24%, does not also reach completely stealthy effect.Although the stealthy device that Pendry etc. realize does not eliminate the shade of object under electromagnetic wave irradiation completely, because this stealthy device makes the shade after object obtain minimizing to a certain degree, therefore can be described as a kind of effective stealthy device.
The stealthy device method for designing proposed due to Pendry etc. requires that the electromagnetic parameter of material therefor is with spatial variations, and require that the electromagnetic parameter of material travels through values all in 0 to infinitely-great interval, very harsh to the requirement of material, implement very difficult, expensive, simultaneously this material due to dispersion very violent, a very narrow frequency separation can only be operated in, and it is only effective to the electromagnetic wave of particular polarization to adopt the stealthy device realized in this way, what can not realize any polarized electromagnetic wave is stealthy, therefore has significant limitation in actual applications.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device, to overcome all or part of defect of prior art.
The electromagnetic wave spectrum of indication of the present invention comprises all possible frequency of electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic wave spectrum frequency from low to high Fen Do is classified as radiowave, microwave, infrared ray, visible ray, ultraviolet, X ray and gamma ray, electromagnetic wave spectrum is unlimited, and is continuous print.The refractive index of object refers to the ratio of the electromagnetic wave speed propagated in atmosphere and the velocity amplitude propagated in this object.Electromagnetic wave, through the medium of two different refractivities, can reflect at interface, thus electromagnetic wave is offset.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention comprises a first medium unit, second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the 4th media units, described first medium unit, second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the electromagnetic wave of the 4th media units to incidence are transparent and are isotropic, first medium unit and the 4th media units are the rectangular leg-of-mutton cylinder of xsect, and second medium unit and the 3rd media units are xsect cylinder triangular in shape;
Second medium unit and the 3rd media units are between first medium unit and the 4th media units, first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is overlapping with the first incline of second medium unit, and the first incline of the 3rd media units is overlapping with the first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; First side at the first right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is parallel with first side at the first right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; Second side at the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is overlapping with the extended surface of second side at the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; First side at the first incline place of second medium unit is relative with the 3rd side of first medium unit, and first side at the first incline place of the 3rd media units is relative with the 3rd side of the 4th media units; Second side at the first incline place of second medium unit is relative with second side at the first incline place of the 3rd media units or overlap; 3rd side of second medium unit and the 3rd side of the 3rd media units are towards stealthy region;
First incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is the intersecting lens of second side at the second right-angle side place of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit and the upper bottom surface of first medium unit; First incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units be the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units and the 4th media units the intersecting lens of the second side at the second right-angle side place of upper bottom surface.
Further, the refractive index of second medium unit of the present invention is identical with the refractive index of the 3rd media units.
Further, the present invention is when the second side of described second medium unit overlaps with the second side of the 3rd media units, and the second side of described second medium unit fits together with the second side of the 3rd media units.
Further, the present invention is when the second side of described second medium unit overlaps with the second side of the 3rd media units, and described second medium unit is one-body molded with the 3rd media units.
Further, stealthy device of the present invention is placed in transparent background media.
Further, the present invention is when the second side of described second medium unit is relative with the second side of the 3rd media units, with the direction of the first side perpendicular to described first medium unit by the same electromagnetic beam of background media to described stealthy device incidence, can shine in described background media sequentially through first medium unit, background media, second medium unit, background media, the 3rd media units, background media, the 4th media units, and same electromagnetic beam when outgoing and time incident on the same line.
Further, the present invention is when the second side of described second medium unit overlaps with the second side of the 3rd media units, with the direction of the first side perpendicular to described first medium unit by the same electromagnetic beam of background media to described stealthy device incidence, can shine in described background media sequentially through first medium unit, background media, second medium unit, the 3rd media units, background media, the 4th media units, and same electromagnetic beam when outgoing and time incident on the same line.
Further, the present invention also meets with the relation shown in following formula (1) to formula (16):
α
1＝α
10＝90°(3)
α
1+α
2+α
3＝α
4+α
5+α
6＝α
7+α
8+α
9＝α
10+α
11+α
12＝180°(4)
X
1<B
1<A
1/sin(α
3+α
13)(5)
X
2<B
2<A
2/sin(α
12+α
14)(6)
Y
1<C
1<A
1/sin(α
3+α
13+α
4)(7)
Y
2<C
2<A
2/sin(α
12+α
14+α
7)(8)
A
1＝A
2(9)
α
3+α
13+α
4<180°(10)
α
12+α
14+α
7<180°(11)
Y
1sin(180°-α
3-α
4-α
13)＝Y
2sin(180°-α
12-α
7-α
14)(12)
Wherein:
In formula (1) in (16), n
firstrepresent the refractive index of first medium unit, n
secondrepresent the refractive index of second medium unit, n
3rdrepresent the refractive index of the 3rd media units, n
4threpresent the refractive index of the 4th media units, n
backgroundrepresent the refractive index of background media, α
1represent the right angle of the xsect of first medium unit, α
2, α
3represent two acute angles of the xsect of first medium unit respectively, α
4, α
5, α
6represent three interior angles of the xsect of second medium unit respectively, α
7, α
8, α
9represent three interior angles of the xsect of the 3rd media units respectively, α
10represent the right angle of the xsect of the 4th media units, α
11, α
12represent two acute angles of the xsect of the 4th media units respectively, α
13represent the angle between the 3rd side of first medium unit and the first side of second medium unit; α
14represent the angle between the first side of the 3rd media units and the 3rd side of the 4th media units, A
1represent the length of the first right-angle side of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit, B
1represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of second medium unit and the first side of second medium unit, C
1represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of second medium unit and the second side of second medium unit, C
2represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of the 3rd media units and the second side of the 3rd media units, B
2represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of the 3rd media units and the first side of the 3rd media units, A
2represent the length of the first right-angle side of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units.
Further, the present invention also comprises the 5th media units and the 6th media units, described 5th media units and the 6th media units are transparent to incident electromagnetic wave, the cylinder of the 5th media units and the 6th media units to be xsect be rectangle, first side of the 5th media units overlaps with the first side of first medium unit, and the first side of the 6th media units overlaps with the first side of the 4th media units; Electromagnetic wave incides the second relative side of the first side of the 5th media units by background media, and after the first side outgoing of the 5th media units, incide the first side of first medium unit; Electromagnetic wave by the first side inciding the 6th media units after the first side outgoing of the 4th media units, and shines background media from the second side that the first side of the 6th media units is relative.
Further, the refractive index of the 5th media units of the present invention is identical with the refractive index of first medium unit, and the refractive index of the 6th media units is identical with the refractive index of the 4th media units.
Further, the 5th media units of the present invention and first medium unit one-body molded, described 6th media units and the 4th media units one-body molded.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention constructs electromagnetic wave stealth device with isotropic media units, when same electromagnetic beam is by this stealthy device, the track of wave beam is controlled by the medium of different refractivity, with the electromagnetic beam of the direction of the first side perpendicular to first medium unit from background media incidence, can stealthy region be walked around sequentially through each media units of the stealthy device of the present invention and background media and shine in background media, and outgoing beam on the extended line of incident wave beam (namely with a branch of electromagnetic beam when outgoing with time incident on the same line).Because electromagnetic beam does not incide in stealthy region, thus the object in stealthy region is made to have stealthy effect.The present invention forms whole electromagnetic wave stealth device by each media units, does not need to utilize metal pattern, and only need utilize the material that occurring in nature easily obtains, and does not need higher technique, is easy to realize; When stealthy devices function, control electromagnetic track by each media units, do not need the equipment such as additional power source, stable performance; Can only realize an electromagnetic stealth technology of polarised direction relative to existing, because each media units forming electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention is isotropic, therefore insensitive to polarization of electromagnetic wave direction, especially at visible light frequency band, natural light is all incoherent, complete polarization, and the present invention has extraordinary stealth effect at visible light frequency band; Electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention is applicable to whole electromagnetic wave band.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the first medium unit of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the second medium unit of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the 3rd media units of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the 4th media units of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of the first embodiment of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that electromagnetic beam is by stealth effect schematic diagram during electromagnetic wave stealth device shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the trajectory diagram that electromagnetic beam is propagated in the electromagnetic wave stealth device shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the electromagnetic wave stealth device structural representation of the second embodiment, and the trajectory diagram that electromagnetic beam is propagated in this electromagnetic wave stealth device;
Fig. 9 is the electromagnetic wave stealth device structural representation of the third embodiment, and the trajectory diagram that electromagnetic beam is propagated in this electromagnetic wave stealth device;
Figure 10 is the electromagnetic wave stealth device structural representation of the 4th kind of embodiment, and the trajectory diagram that electromagnetic beam is propagated in this electromagnetic wave stealth device;
Figure 11 is the electromagnetic wave stealth device structural representation of the 5th kind of embodiment, and the trajectory diagram that electromagnetic beam is propagated in this electromagnetic wave stealth device;
Figure 12 is the electromagnetic wave stealth device structural representation of the 6th kind of embodiment, and the trajectory diagram that electromagnetic beam is propagated in this electromagnetic wave stealth device;
In figure, 1. first medium unit; 2. second medium unit; 3. the 3rd media units; 4. the 4th media units; 5. the stealthy region of electromagnetic wave stealth device; 6. background media region; Track before the incidence of 7a. electromagnetic beam in background media; The track of 7b. electromagnetic beam in first medium unit; 7c. electromagnetic beam is from the track after the outgoing of first medium unit; The track of 7d. electromagnetic beam in second medium unit; 7e. electromagnetic beam is from the track after the outgoing of second medium unit; The track of 7f. electromagnetic beam in the 3rd media units; 7g. electromagnetic beam is from the track after the 3rd media units outgoing; The track of 7h. electromagnetic beam in the 4th media units; The track of 7i. electromagnetic beam after the 4th media units outgoing background media; α
1. the right angle ∠ BAC of the xsect of first medium unit; α
2. the acute angle ∠ ABC of the xsect of first medium unit; α
3. the acute angle ∠ ACB of the xsect of first medium unit; α
4. the interior angle ∠ DCE of the xsect of second medium unit; α
5. the interior angle ∠ CDE of the xsect of second medium unit; α
6. the interior angle ∠ CED of the xsect of second medium unit; α
7. the interior angle ∠ FHG of the xsect of the 3rd media units; α
8. the interior angle ∠ HFG of the xsect of the 3rd media units; α
9. the interior angle ∠ HGF of the xsect of the 3rd media units; α
10. the right angle ∠ HJI of the xsect of the 4th media units; α
11. the acute angle ∠ JIH of the xsect of the 4th media units; α
12. the acute angle ∠ JHI of the xsect of the 4th media units; α
13. the angle between the 3rd side of first medium unit and the first side of second medium unit; α
14. the angle between the first side of the 3rd media units and the 3rd side of the 4th media units; 8. the 5th media units; 9. the 6th media units; 10. integrated second medium unit and the 3rd media units; 11. integrated 5th media units and first medium unit; 12. integrated 6th media units and the 4th media units.
Embodiment
Electromagnetic wave refers to by in-phase oscillation and a kind of ripple of energy and momentum transmission is carried out in mutually perpendicular electric field and magnetic field in space with the form of cyclic swing.According to frequency categorization, from low to high, electromagnetic wave comprises radiowave, microwave, infrared ray, visible ray, ultraviolet light, X ray and gamma ray etc., wherein, the electromagnetic wavelength of human eye acceptable, greatly between 380 to 780 nanometers, is called visible ray.In different media, electromagnetic wave propagation speed is different.When two media is compared, the medium refraction index that propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave is large is less, and the medium refraction index that propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave is little is larger.
Figure 1 shows that the first medium unit 1 forming electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention, first medium unit 1 is the rectangular leg-of-mutton cylinder of xsect.Figure 2 shows that the second medium unit 2 forming electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention, second medium unit 2 is xsect cylinder triangular in shape.Figure 3 shows that forming the 3rd media units the 3, three media units 3 of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention is xsect cylinder triangular in shape.Figure 4 shows that the 4th media units the 4, four media units 4 forming electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention is the rectangular leg-of-mutton cylinder of xsect.
Shown in Fig. 5 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of the first embodiment of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention.In Figure 5, electromagnetic wave stealth device is made up of first medium unit 1, second medium unit 2, the 3rd media units 3 and the 4th media units 4 transparent to incident electromagnetic wave, and second medium unit 2 and the 3rd media units 3 are between first medium unit 1 and the 4th media units 4.The first incline CC ' of the 3rd side BCC ' B ' at the hypotenuse BC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 is overlapping with the first incline CC ' of second medium unit 2, and the first incline HH ' of the 3rd media units 3 is overlapping with the first incline HH ' of the 3rd side HII ' H ' at the hypotenuse HI place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4; The first side ABB ' A ' at the first right-angle side AB place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 is parallel with the first side IJJ ' I ' at the first right-angle side IJ place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4; The second side ACC ' A ' at the second right-angle side AC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 is overlapping with the extended surface of the second side HJJ ' H ' at the second right-angle side HJ place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4; The first side CDD ' C ' at the first incline CC ' place of second medium unit 2 is relative with the 3rd side BCC ' B ' of first medium unit 1, and the first side GHH ' G ' at the first incline HH ' place of the 3rd media units 3 is relative with the 3rd side HII ' H ' of the 4th media units 4; The second side CEE ' C ' at the first incline CC ' place of second medium unit 2 is relative with the second side FHH ' F ' at the first incline HH ' place of the 3rd media units 3; 3rd side DEE ' D ' of second medium unit 2 and the 3rd side FGG ' F ' of the 3rd media units 3 are towards stealthy region 5.The intersecting lens of the 3rd side BCC ' B ' at hypotenuse BC place that the first incline CC ' of the 3rd side BCC ' B ' at the hypotenuse BC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 is the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 and the second side ACC ' A ' at the second right-angle side AC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1; The first incline HH ' of the 3rd side HII ' H ' at the hypotenuse HI place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4 is the intersecting lens of the second side HJJ ' H ' at the second right-angle side HJ place of the 3rd side HII ' H ' at the hypotenuse HI place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4 and the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4.
Can reflect when electromagnetic beam incides the interface of two kinds of different mediums, the direction of refraction is relevant with the refractive index of two media with the angle of electromagnetic wave incident, namely follows Snell's law n
1sin θ
1=n
2sin θ
2, wherein, n
1and n
2be respectively the refractive index of incident electromagnetic wave and refract electromagnetic waves place medium, θ
1and θ
2be respectively electromagnetic incident angle and refraction angle.Comparatively speaking, the refractive index of interface both sides medium is larger, and electromagnetic wave is larger relative to the skew occurred during incidence when this interface outgoing.Electromagnetic wave is relevant with the polarised direction of incident electromagnetic wave in the refraction situation at anisotropic medium interface place.Different from the situation of anisotropic medium, electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention first medium unit, second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the 4th media units used is all isotropic, insensitive to polarization of electromagnetic wave direction in the refraction at the interface place of these media, so the stealth effect of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention and polarization of electromagnetic wave direction have nothing to do, can realize stealthy to complete polarization electromagnetic wave.
Describe electromagnetic beam in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 and incide the track that electromagnetic wave stealth device as shown in Figure 5 experiences.For Fig. 6, suppose that electromagnetic beam incides electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention from left to right in the horizontal direction in background media 6, now electromagnetic beam is perpendicular to the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1.The propagation of electromagnetic beam can represent with much parallel ray visually.The propagation characteristic of the electromagnetic beam at these ray representation position places, the direction of ray represents the direction of propagation (being also the direction of Poynting vector) of the energy of the electromagnetic beam at ray position place.Ray also can be expressed as the propagation trajectories of the electromagnetic beam at ray position place, and the propagation of all these parallel rays also constitutes the propagation characteristic of total electromagnetic beam visually.For electromagnetic beam 7 (comprising track 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f, 7g, 7h and 7i), other parallel electromagnetic beams are parallel in the propagation trajectories of the regional of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention with electromagnetic beam 7 respectively in the propagation trajectories of the regional of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention, therefore can make similar analysis.In electromagnetic beam 7, before electromagnetic beam incides electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention that what 7a represented is in background media 6 track, track 7a is vertical with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1.When electromagnetic beam 7 incides interface with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1 of background media 6 by background media 6, electromagnetic beam reflects, because electromagnetic beam 7a is vertical with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1, so the track 7b of electromagnetic beam 7 in first medium unit 1 is identical with 7a direction.When electromagnetic beam 7 occurs again to reflect through the 3rd side BCC ' B ' of first medium unit 1 and the interface place of background media 6, electromagnetic beam 7 is offset to the position at track 7c place.When electromagnetic beam 7 continues through the interface place of the first side CDD ' C ' of background media 6 and second medium unit 2, electromagnetic beam reflects again, and the course deviation of electromagnetic beam in second medium unit 2 is to the position at 7d place.When the second side CEE ' C ' of electromagnetic beam 7 through second medium unit 2 and the interface place of background media 6, electromagnetic beam reflects again, be offset to the position at 7e place, now the direction of the track 7e at electromagnetic beam 7 place just can with incide electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention before the direction of track 7a parallel but have the displacement of a longitudinal direction.
When electromagnetic beam 7 continues through the interface place of the second side FHH ' F ' of background media 6 and the 3rd media units 3, electromagnetic beam refracts to the position at 7f place.When the first side GHH ' G ' of electromagnetic beam 7 through the 3rd media units 3 and the interface place of background media 6, electromagnetic beam occurs again to reflect, and is offset to the position at 7g place.When electromagnetic beam 7 is through the interface of the 3rd side HII ' H ' of background media 6 and the 4th media units 4, electromagnetic beam refracts to the position at 7h place.When the first side IJJ ' I ' of electromagnetic beam 7 through the 4th media units 4 and the interface of background media 6, because the track 7h of electromagnetic beam 7 in the 4th media units 4 is vertical with the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 4th media units 4, the track 7i in background media 6 is identical with 7h direction for electromagnetic beam 7.
Electromagnetic beam 7 is through repeatedly reflecting, walk around middle stealthy region 5, and the track 7i of outgoing when getting back to background media 6 is identical with track 7a direction time incident, the track 7i namely when the track 7a of electromagnetic beam 7 before inciding electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention and outgoing on the same line.Because other electromagnetic beams are parallel in the propagation trajectories of the regional of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention with electromagnetic beam 7 respectively in the propagation trajectories of the regional of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention, all on corresponding same straight line, there is not any change in their tracks before inciding electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention and respective track during outgoing.Therefore, there is not any change in the track before electromagnetic beam incides electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention compared with track during outgoing yet.Visible, all electromagnetic waves all walk around middle stealthy region 5 through refraction repeatedly after entering electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention, thus make the object in stealthy region 5 invisible, and the track of same wave beam when outgoing and track time incident are on the same line, as not being subject to any obstruction, therefore serving good stealth effect.
The relation between the structural parameters of electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention and the refractive index of each media units is illustrated below in conjunction with Fig. 7.Assuming that the refractive index of first medium unit 1 is n
first, the refractive index of second medium unit 2 is n
second, the refractive index of the 3rd media units 3 is n
3rd, the refractive index of the 4th media units 4 is n
4th, the refractive index of background media 6 is n
background, the right angle ∠ BAC of the xsect of first medium unit 1 is α
1, two acute angle ∠ ABC and the ∠ ACB of the xsect of first medium unit 1 are respectively α
2, α
3, three interior angle ∠ DCE, ∠ CDE and the ∠ CED of the xsect of second medium unit 2 are respectively α
4, α
5, α
6, three interior angle ∠ FHG, ∠ HFG and the ∠ HGF of the xsect of the 3rd media units 3 are respectively α
7, α
8, α
9, the right angle ∠ HJI of the xsect of the 4th media units 4 is α
10, two acute angle ∠ JIH and the ∠ JHI of the xsect of the 4th media units 4 are respectively α
11, α
12, the angle between the 3rd side BCC ' B ' of first medium unit 1 and the first side CDD ' C ' of second medium unit 2 is α
13; Angle between first side GHH ' G ' of the 3rd media units 3 and the 3rd side HII ' H ' of the 4th media units 4 is α
14, the length of the first right-angle side AB of the upper bottom surface ABC of first medium unit 1 is A
1, the length of the intersection edges CD of the upper bottom surface CDE of second medium unit 2 and the first side CDD ' C ' of second medium unit 2 is B
1, the length of the intersection edges CE of the upper bottom surface CDE of second medium unit 2 and the second side CEE ' C ' of second medium unit 2 is C
1, the length of the intersection edges FH of the upper bottom surface FGH of the 3rd media units 3 and the second side FHH ' F ' of the 3rd media units 3 is C
2, the length of the intersection edges GH of the upper bottom surface FGH of the 3rd media units 3 and the first side GHH ' G ' of the 3rd media units 3 is B
2, the length of the first right-angle side IJ of the upper bottom surface HIJ of the 4th media units 4 is A
2.
Reflect when electromagnetic beam 7 incides interface with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1 of background media 6 with the horizontal direction shown in Fig. 7 from background media 6, because electromagnetic beam 7a is vertical with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1, incident angle is θ
1 enters=0 °, according to Snell's law, n
backgroundsin θ
1 enters=n
firstsin θ
1 goes out, so θ
1 goes out=0 °, the track 7b in first medium unit is identical with 7a direction for electromagnetic beam 7.When the interface place of the 3rd side BCC ' B ' that electromagnetic beam 7 continues to incide first medium unit 1 with background media 6, incident angle is θ
2 enter=α
2, refraction angle is θ
2 go out, according to Snell's law, have n
firstsin θ
2 enter=n
backgroundsin θ
2 go out.When electromagnetic beam 7 continues the interface place of the first side CDD ' C ' inciding background media 6 and second medium unit 2, incident angle is θ
3 enter=θ
2 go out-α
13, refraction angle is θ
3 go out, according to Snell's law, have n
backgroundsin θ
3 enter=n
secondsin θ
3 go out.When the interface place of the second side CEE ' C ' that electromagnetic beam 7 continues to incide second medium unit 2 with background media 6, incident angle is θ
4 enter=α
4-θ
3 go out, refraction angle is θ
4 go out=α
13+ α
4-α
2, according to Snell's law, have n
secondsin θ
4 enter=n
backgroundsin θ
4 go out.Comprehensive above formula, can obtain:
according to same principle, analyze electromagnetic beam 7 at the track reflected through residue interface, can obtain:
in addition, because the xsect of first medium unit 1 and the 4th media units 4 is right-angle triangle, have: α
1=90 °, α
10=90 °.According to leg-of-mutton interior angle formula, have: α
1+ α
2+ α
3=α
4+ α
5+ α
6=α
7+ α
8+ α
9=α
10+ α
11+ α
12=180 °.Meanwhile, not meeting other interfaces to ensure electromagnetic beam to propagate according to projected path, needing to meet: X simultaneously
1<B
1<A
1/ sin (α
3+ α
13), X
2<B
2<A
2/ sin (α
12+ α
14), Y
1<C
1<A
1/ sin (α
3+ α
13+ α
4) and Y
2<C
2<A
2/ sin (α
12+ α
14+ α
7).In addition, in order to ensure the electromagnetic beam of incident electromagnetic beam and outgoing on the same line, have: A
1=A
2, α
3+ α
13+ α
4<180 °, α
12+ α
14+ α
7<180 ° and Y
1sin (180 ° of-α
3-α
4-α
13)=Y
2sin (180 ° of-α
12-α
7-α
14), wherein:
Discontiguous between the second medium unit 2 of the electromagnetic wave stealth device shown in Fig. 7 and the 3rd media units 3.In practical application, can fit together mutually between the second medium unit 2 of electromagnetic wave stealth device and the 3rd media units 3, as shown in Figure 8.Under the prerequisite that the second side ACC ' A ' at the second right-angle side AC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 is overlapping with the extended surface of the second side HJJ ' H ' at the second right-angle side HJ place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4, incide the electromagnetic beam 7a before electromagnetic wave stealth device and shine track 7i in background media 6 all the time on the same line, electromagnetic wave stealth device still has good stealth effect.
When the parameter of electromagnetic wave stealth device meets α
13+ α
4-α
2=0 and α
14+ α
7-α
11when=0, now, as shown in Figure 9, the second side CEE ' C ' of second medium unit 2 and the second side FHH ' F ' of the 3rd media units 3 is parallel.Now, the second medium unit 2 of electromagnetic wave stealth device can be fitted mutually with the 3rd media units 3 (namely the second side CEE ' C ' of second medium unit 2 overlaps with the second side FHH ' F ' of the 3rd media units 3) or at intervals be presented relative state.When the second medium unit 2 of electromagnetic wave stealth device and the 3rd media units 3 are fitted mutually, the length of track 7e is zero.
As shown in Figure 10, on the basis of electromagnetic wave stealth device as shown in Figure 9, if the second side FHH ' F ' of the second side CEE ' C ' of the second medium unit 2 of electromagnetic wave stealth device and the 3rd media units 3 overlaps mutually, and the second medium unit 2 of electromagnetic wave stealth device is identical with the refractive index of the 3rd media units 3, now second medium unit 2 and the 3rd media units 3 can one-body molded 10, in this case, with the direction of the first side ABB ' A ' perpendicular to described first medium unit 1 by the same electromagnetic beam of background media 6 to described stealthy device incidence, sequentially through first medium unit 1, background media 6, integrated second medium unit and the 3rd media units 10, background media 6, 4th media units outgoing 4 is in background media 6, and same electromagnetic beam when outgoing and time incident on the same line, now through the track 7d of second medium unit 2, through the track 7e of background media 6 be integrated into same track 7d/7e/7f through the track 7f of the 3rd media units 3.
As shown in figure 11, in background media region 6, in electromagnetic wave stealth device of the present invention, increase the 5th media units 8 and the 6th media units 9 that xsect is rectangle.First side ABB ' A ' of the 5th media units 8 fits together with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1 and overlaps, and the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 6th media units 9 fits together with the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 4th media units 4 and overlaps; Electromagnetic wave incides the second relative side KLL ' K ' of the first side ABB ' A ' of the 5th media units 8 by background media 6, and from the first side ABB ' A ' outgoing of the 5th media units 5, incides the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1; Electromagnetic wave, by the first side IJJ ' I ' outgoing of the 4th media units 4, incides the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 6th media units 9, and shines background media 6 from the second side MNN ' M ' that the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 6th media units 9 is relative.Because the track of the electromagnetic beam of incidence is all perpendicular to the first side ABB ' A ', the second side KLL ' K ' of the 5th media units 8 and the first side IJJ ' I ', the second side MNN ' M ' of the 6th media units 9, so electromagnetic beam is not changed by track when the 5th media units 8 and the 6th media units 9, the effect of this electromagnetic wave stealth device is constant.
As shown in figure 12, on the basis of electromagnetic wave stealth device as shown in figure 11, if the 5th media units 8 of electromagnetic wave stealth device is identical with the refractive index of first medium unit 1, now the 5th media units 8 and first medium unit 1 can one-body molded 11, thus the first side ABB ' A ' of the 5th media units 8 and the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1 are coincided together; If the 6th media units 9 of electromagnetic wave stealth device is identical with the refractive index of the 4th media units 4, now the 6th media units 9 and the 4th media units 4 also can one-body molded 12, and the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 6th media units 9 and the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 4th media units 4 are coincided together.
Claims (11)
1. an electromagnetic wave stealth device, it is characterized in that: it comprises a first medium unit, second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the 4th media units, described first medium unit, second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the electromagnetic wave of the 4th media units to incidence are transparent and are isotropic, first medium unit and the 4th media units are the rectangular leg-of-mutton cylinder of xsect, and second medium unit and the 3rd media units are xsect cylinder triangular in shape;
Second medium unit and the 3rd media units are between first medium unit and the 4th media units, first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is overlapping with the first incline of second medium unit, and the first incline of the 3rd media units is overlapping with the first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; First side at the first right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is parallel with first side at the first right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; Second side at the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is overlapping with the extended surface of second side at the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; First side at the first incline place of second medium unit is relative with the 3rd side of first medium unit, and first side at the first incline place of the 3rd media units is relative with the 3rd side of the 4th media units; Second side at the first incline place of second medium unit is relative with second side at the first incline place of the 3rd media units or overlap; 3rd side of second medium unit and the 3rd side of the 3rd media units are towards stealthy region;
First incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is the intersecting lens of second side at the second right-angle side place of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit and the upper bottom surface of first medium unit; First incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units be the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units and the 4th media units the intersecting lens of the second side at the second right-angle side place of upper bottom surface.
2. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the refractive index of described second medium unit is identical with the refractive index of the 3rd media units.
3. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: when the second side of described second medium unit overlaps with the second side of the 3rd media units, the second side of described second medium unit fits together with the second side of the 3rd media units.
4. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 2, is characterized in that: when the second side of described second medium unit overlaps with the second side of the 3rd media units, and described second medium unit is one-body molded with the 3rd media units.
5. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electromagnetic wave stealth device is placed in transparent background media.
6. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the second side of described second medium unit is relative with the second side of the 3rd media units, with the direction of the first side perpendicular to described first medium unit by the same electromagnetic beam of background media to described electromagnetic wave stealth device incidence, can sequentially through first medium unit, background media, second medium unit, background media, 3rd media units, background media, 4th media units shines in described background media, and same electromagnetic beam when outgoing and time incident on the same line.
7. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the second side of described second medium unit overlaps with the second side of the 3rd media units, with the direction of the first side perpendicular to described first medium unit by the same electromagnetic beam of background media to described electromagnetic wave stealth device incidence, can sequentially through first medium unit, background media, second medium unit, 3rd media units, background media, 4th media units shines in described background media, and same electromagnetic beam when outgoing and time incident on the same line.
8. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that: it also meets with the relation shown in following formula (1) to formula (16):
α
1＝α
10＝90°(3)
α
1+α
2+α
3＝α
4+α
5+α
6＝α
7+α
8+α
9＝α
10+α
11+α
12＝180°(4)
X
1<B
1<A
1/sin(α
3+α
13)(5)
X
2<B
2<A
2/sin(α
12+α
14)(6)
Y
1<C
1<A
1/sin(α
3+α
13+α
4)(7)
Y
2<C
2<A
2/sin(α
12+α
14+α
7)(8)
A
1＝A
2(9)
α
3+α
13+α
4<180°(10)
α
12+α
14+α
7<180°(11)
Y
1sin(180°-α
3-α
4-α
13)＝Y
2sin(180°-α
12-α
7-α
14)(12)
Wherein:
In formula (1) in (16), n
firstrepresent the refractive index of first medium unit, n
secondrepresent the refractive index of second medium unit, n
3rdrepresent the refractive index of the 3rd media units, n
4threpresent the refractive index of the 4th media units, n
backgroundrepresent the refractive index of background media, α
1represent the right angle of the xsect of first medium unit, α
2, α
3represent two acute angles of the xsect of first medium unit respectively, α
4, α
5, α
6represent three interior angles of the xsect of second medium unit respectively, α
7, α
8, α
9represent three interior angles of the xsect of the 3rd media units respectively, α
10represent the right angle of the xsect of the 4th media units, α
11, α
12represent two acute angles of the xsect of the 4th media units respectively, α
13represent the angle between the 3rd side of first medium unit and the first side of second medium unit; α
14represent the angle between the first side of the 3rd media units and the 3rd side of the 4th media units, A
1represent the length of the first right-angle side of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit, B
1represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of second medium unit and the first side of second medium unit, C
1represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of second medium unit and the second side of second medium unit, C
2represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of the 3rd media units and the second side of the 3rd media units, B
2represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of the 3rd media units and the first side of the 3rd media units, A
2represent the length of the first right-angle side of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units.
9. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the 5th media units and the 6th media units, described 5th media units and the 6th media units are transparent to incident electromagnetic wave, the cylinder of the 5th media units and the 6th media units to be xsect be rectangle, first side of the 5th media units overlaps with the first side of first medium unit, and the first side of the 6th media units overlaps with the first side of the 4th media units; Electromagnetic wave incides the second relative side of the first side of the 5th media units by background media, and after the first side outgoing of the 5th media units, incide the first side of first medium unit; Electromagnetic wave by the first side inciding the 6th media units after the first side outgoing of the 4th media units, and shines background media from the second side that the first side of the 6th media units is relative.
10. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the refractive index of described 5th media units is identical with the refractive index of first medium unit, and the refractive index of the 6th media units is identical with the refractive index of the 4th media units.
11. a kind of electromagnetic wave stealth device according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described 5th media units and first medium unit one-body molded, described 6th media units and the 4th media units one-body molded.
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