CN103901614A - Electromagnetic wave stealth device - Google Patents
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- CN103901614A CN103901614A CN201310470422.0A CN201310470422A CN103901614A CN 103901614 A CN103901614 A CN 103901614A CN 201310470422 A CN201310470422 A CN 201310470422A CN 103901614 A CN103901614 A CN 103901614A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic wave stealth device. The electromagnetic wave stealth device comprises four medium units which are transparent to incident electromagnetic waves and are isotropous. The first medium unit and the fourth medium unit are columns with right-triangle-shaped cross sections, and the second medium unit and the third medium unit are columns with triangular cross sections. The second medium unit and the third medium unit are located between the first medium unit and the fourth medium unit. A lateral edge of the lateral face where the bevel edge of the upper bottom face of the first medium unit is located is overlapped with one lateral edge of the second medium unit, and one lateral edge of the third medium unit is overlapped with one lateral edge of the lateral face where the bevel edge of the upper bottom face of the fourth medium unit is located. The lateral face where one right-angle edge of the upper bottom face of the first medium unit is located is parallel to the lateral face where one right-angle edge of the upper bottom face of the fourth medium unit is located. The lateral face where the other right-angle edge of the upper bottom face of the first medium unit is located is overlapped with the extension face of the lateral face where the other right-angle edge of the upper bottom face of the fourth medium unit is located. The electromagnetic wave stealth device is applicable to a whole electromagnetic wave section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave, belong to the stealthy field of electromagnetic wave.
Background technology
Electromagnetic wave stealth technology, refers to by technological means, the technology that makes object be difficult to be arrived by electromagnetic wave detection.Electromagnetic wave refers to a kind of ripple that carries out energy and momentum transmission with the form of cyclic swing by in-phase oscillation and mutually perpendicular electric field and magnetic field in space.Electromagnetic wave spectrum comprises all possible frequency of electromagnetic radiation, and electromagnetic wave spectrum frequency from low to high Fen Do is classified radiowave, microwave, infrared ray, visible ray, ultraviolet ray, X ray and gamma ray as.Electromagnetic wave spectrum is unlimited, and is continuous.Usually, electromagnetic wave irradiation is on object time, can not fully propagate into object rear, but can on object, there is scattering, therefore when electromagnetic wave irradiation is on object, can produce shade at the rear of object, the background being in shadow region at object rear is just blocked and can not be detected by object.Desirable electromagnetic wave stealth technology, can make electromagnetic wave walk around by stealthy object, and at the another side of object according to original path outgoing, thereby make the rear of object not produce any shade, the background at object rear or other objects also can not blocked by object above.In this case, electromagnetic wave is not irradiated on object, is equivalent to object and does not exist, and is that object has obtained perfect stealthy yet.
Current existing stealth technology, such as the stealth technology of the employings such as stealth aircraft, be not to eliminate the shade of aircraft under radar wave irradiates, but allow the electromagnetic wave reflecting back reach minimum by smear the material of energy absorbing radar wave at body surface, prevent that aircraft from being found by radar, thereby realize stealthy.This technology is not real stealthy, and this technology operates mainly in microwave region, and can only be to single base station radar invisible, and can not be stealthy to bistatic radar, is therefore easy to just be found by bistatic radar.At visible light wave range, the main still military camouflage color of existing stealth technology etc., but along with the change of background environment, this technology will no longer have stealth effect, therefore this is a kind of camouflage, instead of from sight line, disappears veritably.Separately there is a kind of concealed device, it is by camera and display screen, after being taken, the object of one side is presented at opposite side, but its effect is subject to the impact of the quality of image, and energy that need to be extra, and the devices such as the camera of outside, power supply line all can see, what this method neither be real is stealthy.Also have a kind of mode, by optical fiber, light is directed to opposite side from a side, thus the object in the middle of walking around, and but such device is higher to the technological requirement of optical fiber, also needs the huge optical fiber of quantity, but can only realize stealthy in a direction.Therefore, these invisible methods are not the desirable invisible methods that common people understand, so-called " desirable invisible method ", refer to and can make electromagnetic wave walk around by stealthy object, and at the another side of object according to original path outgoing, electromagnetic wave can not blocked by object, thereby makes object rear can not present the stealth technology of shadow region.
Pendry etc. publish an article and have proposed a kind of desirable stealth technology method on the Science periodical [Science312,1780 (2006)] of 2006.They are designed specific inductive capacity and the magnetic permeability parameter stealthy device with spatial variations, and have been carried out experimental verification in microwave region by the method for transform optics.In experimental verification, they adopt a kind of anisotropic media (Metamaterial) material to realize: adopt metal pattern array structure to go out effective dielectric constant and equivalent permeability parameter with medium spatial variations, that have anisotropic properties, and these EFFECTIVE MEDIUM are placed according to certain requirement in cylindrical coordinate, realize columniform stealthy device.But the method for the stealthy device of this employing metal pattern array structure, building method more complicated, simultaneously because metal is very large in the loss of optical frequencies, and yardstick diminish after processing difficulties, said method can only be used for microwave or far infrared frequency range substantially.In the people's such as Pendry experimental verification, they have adopted a lot of approximate, and therefore in reality, their stealthy device makes the scattering cross-section of object only reduce 24%, also do not reach stealthy effect completely.Although the stealthy device of the realizations such as Pendry is not eliminated the shade of object under electromagnetic wave irradiation completely, because making the shade after object, this stealthy device obtains minimizing to a certain degree, therefore can be described as a kind of effective stealthy device.
The stealthy device method for designing proposing due to Pendry etc. requires the electromagnetic parameter of material therefor with spatial variations, and require the electromagnetic parameter traversal 0 of material to arrive all values in infinitely-great interval, very harsh to the requirement of material, implement very difficult, expensive, this material is because dispersion is very violent simultaneously, can only be operated in a very narrow frequency separation, and it is only effective to the electromagnetic wave of particular polarization to adopt the stealthy device of realizing in this way, can not realize stealthy to any polarized electromagnetic wave, therefore have in actual applications significant limitation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave, to overcome all or part of defect of prior art.
The electromagnetic wave spectrum of indication of the present invention comprises all possible frequency of electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic wave spectrum frequency from low to high Fen Do is classified radiowave, microwave, infrared ray, visible ray, ultraviolet ray, X ray and gamma ray as, electromagnetic wave spectrum is unlimited, and is continuous.The refractive index of object refers to the ratio of the electromagnetic wave speed of propagating in air and the velocity amplitude of propagating in this object.Electromagnetic wave during through the medium of two different refractivities, can reflect at interface, thereby electromagnetic wave is offset.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention comprises a first medium unit, a second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the 4th media units, described first medium unit, second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the 4th media units are transparent to the electromagnetic wave of incident and are isotropic, first medium unit and the 4th media units are the rectangular leg-of-mutton cylinder of xsect, and second medium unit and the 3rd media units are xsect cylinder triangular in shape;
Second medium unit and the 3rd media units are between first medium unit and the 4th media units, the first incline of the 3rd side and first incline of second medium unit at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit are overlapping, and the first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the first incline of the 3rd media units and the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units is overlapping; First parallel sided at first side at the first right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit and the first right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; The extended surface of second side at second side at the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit and the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units is overlapping; First side at the first incline place of second medium unit is relative with the 3rd side of first medium unit, and first side at the first incline place of the 3rd media units is relative with the 3rd side of the 4th media units; Second side at second side at the first incline place of second medium unit and the first incline place of the 3rd media units is relative or overlap; The 3rd side of second medium unit and the 3rd side of the 3rd media units are towards stealthy region;
The first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is the intersecting lens of second side at the 3rd side at hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit and the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit; The first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units be the 3rd side at hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units and the 4th media units the intersecting lens of the second side at the second right-angle side place of upper bottom surface.
Further, the refractive index of second medium of the present invention unit is identical with the refractive index of the 3rd media units.
Further, when the present invention overlaps with the second side of the 3rd media units in the second side of described second medium unit, the second side of described second medium unit is to fit together with the second side of the 3rd media units.
Further, when the present invention overlaps with the second side of the 3rd media units in the second side of described second medium unit, described second medium unit is one-body molded with the 3rd media units.
Further, stealthy device of the present invention is placed in transparent background media.
Further, the present invention is in the second side of the second side of described second medium unit and the 3rd media units when relative, with the direction of the first side perpendicular to described first medium unit by background media the same electromagnetic beam to described stealthy device incident, can pass through in turn first medium unit, background media, second medium unit, background media, the 3rd media units, background media, the 4th media units and shine in described background media, and same electromagnetic beam in the time of outgoing and when incident on same straight line.
Further, when the present invention overlaps with the second side of the 3rd media units in the second side of described second medium unit, with the direction of the first side perpendicular to described first medium unit by background media the same electromagnetic beam to described stealthy device incident, can pass through in turn first medium unit, background media, second medium unit, the 3rd media units, background media, the 4th media units and shine in described background media, and same electromagnetic beam in the time of outgoing and when incident on same straight line.
Further, the present invention also meets with following formula (1) to the relation shown in formula (16):
α
1＝α
10＝90° (3)
α
1+α
2+α
3＝α
4+α
5+α
6＝α
7+α
8+α
9＝α
10+α
11+α
12＝180° (4)
X
1<B
1<A
1/sin(α
3+α
13) (5)
X
2<B
2<A
2/sin(α
12+α
14) (6)
Y
1<C
1<A
1/sin(α
3+α
13+α
4) (7)
Y
2<C
2<A
2/sin(α
12+α
14+α
7) (8)
A
1＝A
2 (9)
α
3+α
13+α
4<180° (10)
α
12+α
14+α
7<180° (11)
Y
1sin(180°-α
3-α
4-α
13)＝Y
2sin(180°-α
12-α
7-α
14) (12)
Wherein:
In formula (1) in (16), n
firstrepresent the refractive index of first medium unit, n
secondrepresent the refractive index of second medium unit, n
the 3rdrepresent the refractive index of the 3rd media units, n
the 4threpresent the refractive index of the 4th media units, n
backgroundrepresent the refractive index of background media, α
1represent the right angle of the xsect of first medium unit, α
2, α
3represent respectively two acute angles of the xsect of first medium unit, α
4, α
5, α
6represent respectively three interior angles of the xsect of second medium unit, α
7, α
8, α
9represent respectively three interior angles of the xsect of the 3rd media units, α
10represent the right angle of the xsect of the 4th media units, α
11, α
12represent respectively two acute angles of the xsect of the 4th media units, α
13angle between the 3rd side and first side of second medium unit of expression first medium unit; α
14represent the angle between the first side of the 3rd media units and the 3rd side of the 4th media units, A
1represent the length of the first right-angle side of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit, B
1represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of second medium unit and the first side of second medium unit, C
1represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of second medium unit and the second side of second medium unit, C
2represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of the 3rd media units and the second side of the 3rd media units, B
2represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of the 3rd media units and the first side of the 3rd media units, A
2represent the length of the first right-angle side of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units.
Further, the present invention also comprises the 5th media units and the 6th media units, described the 5th media units and the 6th media units are transparent to incident electromagnetic wave, the 5th media units and the 6th media units are that xsect is the cylinder of rectangle, the first side of the 5th media units overlaps with the first side of first medium unit, and the first side of the 6th media units overlaps with the first side of the 4th media units; Electromagnetic wave is incided the second relative side of the first side of the 5th media units by background media, and from the first side outgoing of the 5th media units, incides the first side of first medium unit; After the first side outgoing of electromagnetic wave by the 4th media units, incide the first side of the 6th media units, and shine background media from the second relative side of the first side of the 6th media units.
Further, the refractive index of the 5th media units of the present invention is identical with the refractive index of first medium unit, and the refractive index of the 6th media units is identical with the refractive index of the 4th media units.
Further, the 5th media units of the present invention and first medium unit are one-body molded, and described the 6th media units and the 4th media units are one-body molded.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention constructs the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave with isotropic media units, when same electromagnetic beam passes through this stealthy device, the track of the medium control wave beam by different refractivity, electromagnetic beam with the direction of the first side perpendicular to first medium unit from background media incident, can be in turn walk around stealthy region and shine in background media through each media units of the stealthy device of the present invention and background media, and outgoing beam (with a branch of electromagnetic beam when the outgoing and when incident on same straight line) on the extended line of incident wave beam.Because electromagnetic beam does not incide in stealthy region, thereby make the object in stealthy region there is stealthy effect.The present invention forms the stealthy device of whole electromagnetic wave by each media units, does not need to utilize metal pattern, and the material that only need utilize occurring in nature easily to obtain does not need higher technique, is easy to realize; In the time of stealthy device work, control electromagnetic track by each media units, do not need the equipment such as additional power source, stable performance; Can only realize an electromagnetic stealth technology of polarised direction with respect to existing, because the each media units that forms the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention is isotropic, therefore insensitive to polarization of electromagnetic wave direction, especially at visible light frequency band, natural light is all incoherent, complete polarization, and the present invention has extraordinary stealth effect at visible light frequency band; The stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention is applicable to whole electromagnetic wave band.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the first medium unit of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the second medium unit of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the 3rd media units of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the 4th media units of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the stealth effect schematic diagram of electromagnetic beam while passing through the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the trajectory diagram that electromagnetic beam is propagated in the stealthy device of the electromagnetic wave shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the stealthy device structural representation of the electromagnetic wave of the second embodiment, and the trajectory diagram propagated in the stealthy device of this electromagnetic wave of electromagnetic beam;
Fig. 9 is the stealthy device structural representation of the electromagnetic wave of the third embodiment, and the trajectory diagram propagated in the stealthy device of this electromagnetic wave of electromagnetic beam;
Figure 10 is the stealthy device structural representation of the electromagnetic wave of the 4th kind of embodiment, and the trajectory diagram propagated in the stealthy device of this electromagnetic wave of electromagnetic beam;
Figure 11 is the stealthy device structural representation of the electromagnetic wave of the 5th kind of embodiment, and the trajectory diagram propagated in the stealthy device of this electromagnetic wave of electromagnetic beam;
Figure 12 is the stealthy device structural representation of the electromagnetic wave of the 6th kind of embodiment, and the trajectory diagram propagated in the stealthy device of this electromagnetic wave of electromagnetic beam;
In figure, 1. first medium unit; 2. second medium unit; 3. the 3rd media units; 4. the 4th media units; 5. the stealthy region of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave; 6. background media region; Track before the incident of 7a. electromagnetic beam in background media; The track of 7b. electromagnetic beam in first medium unit; The track of 7c. electromagnetic beam from the outgoing of first medium unit; The track of 7d. electromagnetic beam in second medium unit; The track of 7e. electromagnetic beam from the outgoing of second medium unit; The track of 7f. electromagnetic beam in the 3rd media units; The track of 7g. electromagnetic beam from the 3rd media units outgoing; The track of 7h. electromagnetic beam in the 4th media units; 7i. electromagnetic beam is the track in background media from the 4th media units outgoing; α
1. the right angle ∠ BAC of the xsect of first medium unit; α
2. the acute angle ∠ ABC of the xsect of first medium unit; α
3. the acute angle ∠ ACB of the xsect of first medium unit; α
4. the interior angle ∠ DCE of the xsect of second medium unit; α
5. the interior angle ∠ CDE of the xsect of second medium unit; α
6. the interior angle ∠ CED of the xsect of second medium unit; α
7. the interior angle ∠ FHG of the xsect of the 3rd media units; α
8. the interior angle ∠ HFG of the xsect of the 3rd media units; α
9. the interior angle ∠ HGF of the xsect of the 3rd media units; α
10. the right angle ∠ HJI of the xsect of the 4th media units; α
11. the acute angle ∠ JIH of the xsect of the 4th media units; α
12. the acute angle ∠ JHI of the xsect of the 4th media units; α
13. the angle between the 3rd side and first side of second medium unit of first medium unit; α
14. the angle between the first side of the 3rd media units and the 3rd side of the 4th media units; 8. the 5th media units; 9. the 6th media units; 10. integrated second medium unit and the 3rd media units; 11. integrated the 5th media units and first medium unit; 12. integrated the 6th media units and the 4th media units.
Embodiment
Electromagnetic wave refers to a kind of ripple that carries out energy and momentum transmission with the form of cyclic swing by in-phase oscillation and mutually perpendicular electric field and magnetic field in space.According to frequency categorization, from low frequency to high frequency, electromagnetic wave comprises radiowave, microwave, infrared ray, visible ray, ultraviolet light, X ray and gamma ray etc., wherein, the electromagnetic wavelength of human eye acceptable between 380 to 780 nanometers, is called visible ray greatly.In different media, electromagnetic wave propagation speed is different.When two media is compared, the medium refraction index that propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave is large is less, and the medium refraction index that propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave is little is larger.
Figure 1 shows that the first medium unit 1 that forms the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention, first medium unit 1 is the rectangular leg-of-mutton cylinder of xsect.Figure 2 shows that the second medium unit 2 that forms the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention, second medium unit 2 is xsect cylinder triangular in shape.The 3rd media units 3, the three media units 3 that Figure 3 shows that the stealthy device of formation electromagnetic wave of the present invention are xsect cylinder triangular in shape.The 4th media units 4, the four media units 4 that Figure 4 shows that the stealthy device of formation electromagnetic wave of the present invention are the rectangular leg-of-mutton cylinder of xsect.
Shown in Fig. 5 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention.In Fig. 5, the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave is by forming the transparent first medium unit 1 of incident electromagnetic wave, second medium unit 2, the 3rd media units 3 and the 4th media units 4, and second medium unit 2 and the 3rd media units 3 are between first medium unit 1 and the 4th media units 4.The first incline CC ' of the 3rd side BCC ' B ' and the first incline CC ' of second medium unit 2 at the hypotenuse BC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 are overlapping, and the first incline HH ' of the 3rd media units 3 is overlapping with the first incline HH ' of the 3rd side HII ' H ' at the hypotenuse HI place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4; The first side ABB ' A ' at the first right-angle side AB place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 is parallel with the first side IJJ ' I ' at the first right-angle side IJ place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4; The second side ACC ' A ' at the second right-angle side AC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 is overlapping with the extended surface of the second side HJJ ' H ' at the second right-angle side HJ place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4; The first side CDD ' C ' at the first incline CC ' place of second medium unit 2 is relative with the 3rd side BCC ' B ' of first medium unit 1, and the first side GHH ' G ' at the first incline HH ' place of the 3rd media units 3 is relative with the 3rd side HII ' H ' of the 4th media units 4; The second side CEE ' C ' at the first incline CC ' place of second medium unit 2 is relative with the second side FHH ' F ' at the first incline HH ' place of the 3rd media units 3; The 3rd side DEE ' D ' of second medium unit 2 and the 3rd side FGG ' F ' of the 3rd media units 3 are towards stealthy region 5.The first incline CC ' of the 3rd side BCC ' B ' at the hypotenuse BC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 is the intersecting lens of the second side ACC ' A ' at the 3rd side BCC ' B ' at hypotenuse BC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 and the second right-angle side AC place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1; The first incline HH ' of the 3rd side HII ' H ' at the hypotenuse HI place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4 is the intersecting lens of the second side HJJ ' H ' at the 3rd side HII ' H ' at hypotenuse HI place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4 and the second right-angle side HJ place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4.
In the time that electromagnetic beam incides the interface of two kinds of different mediums, can reflect, the direction of refraction is relevant with the refractive index of two media with the angle of electromagnetic wave incident, follows Snell's law n
1sin θ
1=n
2sin θ
2, wherein, n
1and n
2be respectively the refractive index of incident electromagnetic wave and refraction electromagnetic wave place medium, θ
1and θ
2be respectively electromagnetic incident angle and refraction angle.Comparatively speaking, the refractive index of interface both sides medium differs larger, and the skew that electromagnetic wave occurs during with respect to incident in the time of this interface outgoing is larger.Electromagnetic wave is relevant with the polarised direction of incident electromagnetic wave in the refraction situation at anisotropic medium interface place.Different from the situation of anisotropic medium, the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention first medium unit, second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the 4th media units used is all isotropic, refraction at the interface place of these media is insensitive to polarization of electromagnetic wave direction, so the stealth effect of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention and polarization of electromagnetic wave orientation independent, can realize complete polarization electromagnetic wave stealthy.
Describe electromagnetic beam in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 and incide the track that the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave as shown in Figure 5 experiences.Taking Fig. 6 as example, suppose that electromagnetic beam along continuous straight runs in background media 6 incides the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention from left to right, now electromagnetic beam is perpendicular to the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1.The propagation of electromagnetic beam can represent with a lot of parallel rays visually.The propagation characteristic of the electromagnetic beam at these ray representation position places, the direction indication of ray is in the direction of propagation of the energy of the electromagnetic beam at ray position place (being also the direction of Poynting vector).Ray also can be expressed as the propagation trajectories at the electromagnetic beam at ray position place, and the propagation of all these parallel rays has also formed the propagation characteristic of total electromagnetic beam visually.Taking electromagnetic beam 7 (comprising track 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f, 7g, 7h and 7i) as example, other parallel electromagnetic beams are parallel in the propagation trajectories of the regional of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention with electromagnetic beam 7 respectively in the propagation trajectories of the regional of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention, therefore can make similar analysis.In electromagnetic beam 7, before what 7a represented is electromagnetic beam the incides stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention in background media 6 track, track 7a is vertical with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1.When electromagnetic beam 7 is incided the interface place of the first side ABB ' A ' of background media 6 and first medium unit 1 by background media 6, electromagnetic beam reflects, because electromagnetic beam 7a is vertical with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1, so the track 7b of electromagnetic beam 7 in first medium unit 1 is identical with 7a direction.In the time of electromagnetic beam 7 process the 3rd side BCC ' B ' of first medium unit 1 and the interface place of background media 6, refraction again occurs, electromagnetic beam 7 is offset to the position at track 7c place.In the time that electromagnetic beam 7 continues the interface place of the first side CDD ' C ' of process background media 6 and second medium unit 2, electromagnetic beam reflects again, and the course deviation of electromagnetic beam in second medium unit 2 is to the position at 7d place.In the time of electromagnetic beam 7 process the second side CEE ' C ' of second medium unit 2 and the interface place of background media 6, electromagnetic beam reflects again, be offset to the position at 7e place, now the direction of the track 7e at electromagnetic beam 7 places just can be parallel with the direction that incides the track 7a before the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention but be had a longitudinal displacement.
In the time that electromagnetic beam 7 continues the interface place of the second side FHH ' F ' of process background media 6 and the 3rd media units 3, electromagnetic beam refracts to the position at 7f place.When electromagnetic beam 7 is during through the first side GHH ' G ' of the 3rd media units 3 and the interface place of background media 6, there is refraction again in electromagnetic beam, is offset to the position at 7g place.In the time that electromagnetic beam 7 passes through the interface of the 3rd side HII ' H ' of background medias 6 and the 4th media units 4, electromagnetic beam refracts to the position at 7h place.When electromagnetic beam 7 is during through the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 4th media units 4 and the interface of background media 6, because the track 7h of electromagnetic beam 7 in the 4th media units 4 is vertical with the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 4th media units 4, the track 7i in background media 6 is identical with 7h direction for electromagnetic beam 7.
Electromagnetic beam 7 is through repeatedly refraction, stealthy region 5 in the middle of walking around, and the track 7a direction of the track 7i of outgoing while getting back to background media 6 during with incident is identical, the track 7i of electromagnetic beam 7 in the time inciding track 7a before the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention and outgoing is on same straight line.Because other electromagnetic beams are parallel in the propagation trajectories of the regional of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention with electromagnetic beam 7 respectively in the propagation trajectories of the regional of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention, all on corresponding same straight line, there is not any change in their tracks separately in the time inciding track before the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention and outgoing.Therefore compared with track when, electromagnetic beam incides track before the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention with outgoing, there is not any change yet.Visible, all electromagnetic waves enter after the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention all through refraction repeatedly and stealthy region 5 in the middle of walking around, thereby make the object in stealthy region 5 invisible, and the track when track of same wave beam in the time of outgoing and incident is on same straight line, as not being subject to any obstruction, therefore play good stealth effect.
Illustrate the relation between the structural parameters of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention and the refractive index of each media units below in conjunction with Fig. 7.The refractive index of supposing first medium unit 1 is n
first, the refractive index of second medium unit 2 is n
second, the refractive index of the 3rd media units 3 is n
the 3rd, the refractive index of the 4th media units 4 is n
the 4th, the refractive index of background media 6 is n
background, the right angle ∠ BAC of the xsect of first medium unit 1 is α
1, two acute angle ∠ ABC and the ∠ ACB of the xsect of first medium unit 1 are respectively α
2, α
3, three interior angle ∠ DCE, ∠ CDE and the ∠ CED of the xsect of second medium unit 2 are respectively α
4, α
5, α
6, three interior angle ∠ FHG, ∠ HFG and the ∠ HGF of the xsect of the 3rd media units 3 are respectively α
7, α
8, α
9, the right angle ∠ HJI of the xsect of the 4th media units 4 is α
10, two acute angle ∠ JIH and the ∠ JHI of the xsect of the 4th media units 4 are respectively α
11, α
12, the angle between the 3rd side BCC ' B ' of first medium unit 1 and the first side CDD ' C ' of second medium unit 2 is α
13; Angle between the first side GHH ' G ' of the 3rd media units 3 and the 3rd side HII ' H ' of the 4th media units 4 is α
14, the length of the first right-angle side AB of the upper bottom surface ABC of first medium unit 1 is A
1, the length of the intersection edges CD of the first side CDD ' C ' of the upper bottom surface CDE of second medium unit 2 and second medium unit 2 is B
1, the length of the intersection edges CE of the second side CEE ' C ' of the upper bottom surface CDE of second medium unit 2 and second medium unit 2 is C
1, the length of the intersection edges FH of the second side FHH ' F ' of the upper bottom surface FGH of the 3rd media units 3 and the 3rd media units 3 is C
2, the length of the intersection edges GH of the first side GHH ' G ' of the upper bottom surface FGH of the 3rd media units 3 and the 3rd media units 3 is B
2, the length of the first right-angle side IJ of the upper bottom surface HIJ of the 4th media units 4 is A
2.
When electromagnetic beam 7 reflects in the time that background media 6 incides the interface of background media 6 and the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1 with the horizontal direction shown in Fig. 7, because electromagnetic beam 7a is vertical with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1, incident angle is θ
1 enters=0 °, according to Snell's law, n
backgroundsin θ
1 enters=n
firstsin θ
1 goes outso, θ
1 goes out=0 °, the track 7b in first medium unit is identical with 7a direction for electromagnetic beam 7.In the time that electromagnetic beam 7 continues to incide the 3rd side BCC ' B ' of first medium unit 1 and the interface place of background media 6, incident angle is θ
2 enter=α
2, refraction angle is θ
2 go out, according to Snell's law, have n
firstsin θ
2 enter=n
backgroundsin θ
2 go out.In the time that electromagnetic beam 7 continues the interface place of the first side CDD ' C ' that incides background media 6 and second medium unit 2, incident angle is θ
3 enter=θ
2 go out-α
13, refraction angle is θ
3 go out, according to Snell's law, have n
backgroundsin θ
3 enter=n
secondsin θ
3 go out.In the time that electromagnetic beam 7 continues to incide the second side CEE ' C ' of second medium unit 2 and the interface place of background media 6, incident angle is θ
4 enter=α
4-θ
3 go out, refraction angle is θ
4 go out=α
13+ α
4-α
2, according to Snell's law, have n
secondsin θ
4 enter=n
backgroundsin θ
4 go out.Comprehensive above formula, can obtain:
according to same principle, analyze the track that electromagnetic beam 7 reflects when through residue interface, can obtain:
in addition, because the xsect of first medium unit 1 and the 4th media units 4 is right-angle triangle, have: α,
1=90 °, α
10=90 °.According to leg-of-mutton interior angle formula, have: α
1+ α
2+ α
3=α
4+ α
5+ α
6=α
7+ α
8+ α
9=α
10+ α
11+ α
12=180 °.Meanwhile, in order to ensure electromagnetic beam according to projected path propagation and not meet other interfaces, need to meet: X simultaneously
1<B
1<A
1/ sin (α
3+ α
13), X
2<B
2<A
2/ sin (α
12+ α
14), Y
1<C
1<A
1/ sin (α
3+ α
13+ α
4) and Y
2<C
2<A
2/ sin (α
12+ α
14+ α
7).In addition, in order to ensure that the electromagnetic beam of incident and the electromagnetic beam of outgoing, on same straight line, have: A
1=A
2, α
3+ α
13+ α
4<180 °, α
12+ α
14+ α
7<180 ° and Y
1(180 °-α of sin
3-α
4-α
13)=Y
2(180 °-α of sin
12-α
7-α
14), wherein:
Between the second medium unit 2 of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave shown in Fig. 7 and the 3rd media units 3, be discontiguous.In practical application, between the second medium unit 2 of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave and the 3rd media units 3, can fit together mutually, as shown in Figure 8.Under the overlapping prerequisite of the extended surface of the second side ACC ' A ' at the second right-angle side AC place of upper bottom surface of first medium unit 1 and the second side HJJ ' H ' at the second right-angle side HJ place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units 4, incide electromagnetic beam 7a before the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave and shine track 7i in background media 6 all the time on same straight line, the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave still has good stealth effect.
When the parameter of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave meets α
13+ α
4-α
2=0 and α
14+ α
7-α
11=0 o'clock, now, as shown in Figure 9, the second side CEE ' C ' of second medium unit 2 and the second side FHH ' F ' of the 3rd media units 3 were parallel.Now, can fit mutually with the 3rd media units 3 (being that the second side CEE ' C ' of second medium unit 2 and the second side FHH ' F ' of the 3rd media units 3 overlap) or at intervals present relative state in the second medium unit 2 of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave.When the second medium unit 2 of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave and the 3rd media units 3 are mutually when laminating, the length of track 7e is zero.
As shown in figure 10, on the basis of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave as shown in Figure 9, if the second side FHH ' F ' of the second side CEE ' C ' of the second medium unit 2 of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave and the 3rd media units 3 overlaps mutually, and the second medium unit 2 of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave is identical with the refractive index of the 3rd media units 3, now second medium unit 2 and the 3rd media units 3 can one-body molded 10, in this case, with the direction of the first side ABB ' A ' perpendicular to described first medium unit 1 by background media 6 the same electromagnetic beam to described stealthy device incident, pass through in turn first medium unit 1, background media 6, integrated second medium unit and the 3rd media units 10, background media 6, the 4th media units outgoing 4 is in background media 6, and same electromagnetic beam in the time of outgoing and when incident on same straight line, now pass through the track 7d of second medium unit 2, pass through the track 7e of background media 6 and be integrated into same track 7d/7e/7f through the track 7f of the 3rd media units 3.
As shown in figure 11, in background media region 6, in the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave of the present invention, increasing xsect is the 5th media units 8 and the 6th media units 9 of rectangle.The first side ABB ' A ' of the 5th media units 8 fits together and overlaps with the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1, and the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 6th media units 9 fits together and overlaps with the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 4th media units 4; Electromagnetic wave is incided the second relative side KLL ' K ' of the first side ABB ' A ' of the 5th media units 8 by background media 6, and from the first side ABB ' A ' outgoing of the 5th media units 5, incides the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1; Electromagnetic wave, by the first side IJJ ' I ' outgoing of the 4th media units 4, incides the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 6th media units 9, and shines background media 6 from the second relative side MNN ' M ' of the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 6th media units 9.Because the track of the electromagnetic beam of incident is all perpendicular to the first side ABB ' A ', the second side KLL ' K ' of the 5th media units 8 and the first side IJJ ' I ', the second side MNN ' M ' of the 6th media units 9, so the track of electromagnetic beam during by the 5th media units 8 and the 6th media units 9 do not change, the effect of the stealthy device of this electromagnetic wave is constant.
As shown in figure 12, on the basis of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave as shown in figure 11, if the 5th media units 8 of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave is identical with the refractive index of first medium unit 1, now the 5th media units 8 and first medium unit 1 can be one-body molded 11, thereby the first side ABB ' A ' of the 5th media units 8 and the first side ABB ' A ' of first medium unit 1 are coincided together; If the 6th media units 9 of the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave is identical with the refractive index of the 4th media units 4, now the 6th media units 9 and the 4th media units 4 also can be one-body molded 12, and the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 6th media units 9 and the first side IJJ ' I ' of the 4th media units 4 are coincided together.
Claims (11)
1. the stealthy device of electromagnetic wave, it is characterized in that: it comprises a first medium unit, a second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the 4th media units, described first medium unit, second medium unit, the 3rd media units and the 4th media units are transparent to the electromagnetic wave of incident and are isotropic, first medium unit and the 4th media units are the rectangular leg-of-mutton cylinder of xsect, and second medium unit and the 3rd media units are xsect cylinder triangular in shape;
Second medium unit and the 3rd media units are between first medium unit and the 4th media units, the first incline of the 3rd side and first incline of second medium unit at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit are overlapping, and the first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the first incline of the 3rd media units and the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units is overlapping; First parallel sided at first side at the first right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit and the first right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units; The extended surface of second side at second side at the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit and the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units is overlapping; First side at the first incline place of second medium unit is relative with the 3rd side of first medium unit, and first side at the first incline place of the 3rd media units is relative with the 3rd side of the 4th media units; Second side at second side at the first incline place of second medium unit and the first incline place of the 3rd media units is relative or overlap; The 3rd side of second medium unit and the 3rd side of the 3rd media units are towards stealthy region;
The first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit is the intersecting lens of second side at the 3rd side at hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit and the second right-angle side place of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit; The first incline of the 3rd side at the hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units be the 3rd side at hypotenuse place of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units and the 4th media units the intersecting lens of the second side at the second right-angle side place of upper bottom surface.
2. the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the refractive index of described second medium unit is identical with the refractive index of the 3rd media units.
3. the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: while coincidence with the second side of the 3rd media units in the second side of described second medium unit, the second side of described second medium unit is to fit together with the second side of the 3rd media units.
4. the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave according to claim 2, is characterized in that: while coincidence with the second side of the 3rd media units in the second side of described second medium unit, described second medium unit is one-body molded with the 3rd media units.
5. the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stealthy device is placed in transparent background media.
6. the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the second side of the second side of described second medium unit and the 3rd media units when relative, with the direction of the first side perpendicular to described first medium unit by background media the same electromagnetic beam to described stealthy device incident, can pass through in turn first medium unit, background media, second medium unit, background media, the 3rd media units, background media, the 4th media units shines in described background media, and same electromagnetic beam in the time of outgoing and when incident on same straight line.
7. the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: while coincidence with the second side of the 3rd media units in the second side of described second medium unit, with the direction of the first side perpendicular to described first medium unit by background media the same electromagnetic beam to described stealthy device incident, can pass through in turn first medium unit, background media, second medium unit, the 3rd media units, background media, the 4th media units and shine in described background media, and same electromagnetic beam in the time of outgoing and when incident on same straight line.
8. according to the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave described in claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that: it also meets with following formula (1) to the relation shown in formula (16):
α
1=α
10=90° (3)
α
1+α
2+α
3=α
4+α
5+α
6=α
7+α
8+α
9=α
10+α
11+α
12=180° (4)
X
1<B
1<A
1/sin(α
3+α
13) (5)
X
2<B
2<A
2/sin(α
12+α
14) (6)
Y
1<C
1<A
1/sin(α
3+α
13+α
4) (7)
Y
2<C
2<A
2/sin(α
12+α
14+α
7) (8)
A
1=A
2 (9)
α
3+α
13+α
4<180° (10)
α
12 +α
14 +α
7<180° (11)
Y
1sin(180°-α
3-α
4-α
13)=Y
2sin(180°-α
12-α
7-α
14) (12)
Wherein:
In formula (1) in (16), n
firstrepresent the refractive index of first medium unit, n
secondrepresent the refractive index of second medium unit, n
the 3rdrepresent the refractive index of the 3rd media units, n
the 4threpresent the refractive index of the 4th media units, n
backgroundrepresent the refractive index of background media, α
1represent the right angle of the xsect of first medium unit, α
2, α
3represent respectively two acute angles of the xsect of first medium unit, α
4, α
5, α
6represent respectively three interior angles of the xsect of second medium unit, α
7, α
8, α
9represent respectively three interior angles of the xsect of the 3rd media units, α
10represent the right angle of the xsect of the 4th media units, α
11, α
12represent respectively two acute angles of the xsect of the 4th media units, α
13angle between the 3rd side and first side of second medium unit of expression first medium unit; α
14represent the angle between the first side of the 3rd media units and the 3rd side of the 4th media units, A
1represent the length of the first right-angle side of the upper bottom surface of first medium unit, B
1represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of second medium unit and the first side of second medium unit, C
1represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of second medium unit and the second side of second medium unit, C
2represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of the 3rd media units and the second side of the 3rd media units, B
2represent the length of the intersection edges of the upper bottom surface of the 3rd media units and the first side of the 3rd media units, A
2represent the length of the first right-angle side of the upper bottom surface of the 4th media units.
9. the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the 5th media units and the 6th media units, described the 5th media units and the 6th media units are transparent to incident electromagnetic wave, the 5th media units and the 6th media units are that xsect is the cylinder of rectangle, the first side of the 5th media units overlaps with the first side of first medium unit, and the first side of the 6th media units overlaps with the first side of the 4th media units; Electromagnetic wave is incided the second relative side of the first side of the 5th media units by background media, and from the first side outgoing of the 5th media units, incides the first side of first medium unit; After the first side outgoing of electromagnetic wave by the 4th media units, incide the first side of the 6th media units, and shine background media from the second relative side of the first side of the 6th media units.
10. the stealthy device of a kind of electromagnetic wave according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the refractive index of described the 5th media units is identical with the refractive index of first medium unit, and the refractive index of the 6th media units is identical with the refractive index of the 4th media units.
The stealthy device of 11. a kind of electromagnetic wave according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described the 5th media units and first medium unit are one-body molded, and described the 6th media units and the 4th media units are one-body molded.
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