CN105655718B - Two-dimentional unidirectional oval stealthy device - Google Patents

Two-dimentional unidirectional oval stealthy device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105655718B
CN105655718B CN201511029919.4A CN201511029919A CN105655718B CN 105655718 B CN105655718 B CN 105655718B CN 201511029919 A CN201511029919 A CN 201511029919A CN 105655718 B CN105655718 B CN 105655718B
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stealthy
dielectric
areas
electromagnetic parameter
region
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CN105655718A (en
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赵乾
彭瑞光
肖宗祺
孟永钢
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Tsinghua University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/02Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
    • H01Q15/08Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0086Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials

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Abstract

The invention discloses two-dimentional unidirectional oval stealthy devices, for Elliptic Cylinder structure, stealthy device is by cylindrical structure and hollow stealthy region and is formed positioned at the stealthy areas of dielectric of stealthy areas outside, the ellipsoidal structure of the bottom surface of stealthy device at two endpoints of short-axis direction outside be cut in stealthy region bottom surface circular configuration, sliding-model control is carried out to the electromagnetic parameter of stealthy areas of dielectric, the electromagnetic parameter in region is replaced with the electromagnetic parameter of center in each unit area.The invention has the advantages that:Stealthy range is defined in unidirectional incident electromagnetic wave in two dimensional surface, simplifies the electromagnetic parameter of required stealthy medium;The dimensional parameters that can be adjusted according to the needs stealthy device design the stealthy device suitable for different size barrier.

Description

Two-dimentional unidirectional oval stealthy device
Technical field
The present invention relates to electromagnetic wave control technology fields, and in particular to a kind of unidirectional oval stealthy device of two dimension.
Background technology
Stealthy is always from ancient times to the present the target that people are yearned for.Scientist covers absorbing material on aircraft surfaces, and It by the design to aircraft configuration, geometric dimension, is absorbed after so that radar wave is irradiated on aircraft, reduces aircraft to radar wave Reflection, realizes stealth fighter.But with the development of Radar Technology and the extensive utilization of air-ground radar, by absorbing incidence wave Stealthy mode gradually appear its shortcoming, can not realize again " stealthy ".In recent years, another kind is based on transform optics Non-absorbing stealthy mode is gradually risen, and principle is to design stealthy Jie with specific electromagnetic parameter using transform optics Matter, propagation path of the control electromagnetic wave in stealthy device, and its amplitude and phase are repaired when electromagnetic wave is emitted, Make outgoing wave and is no different when no object in the region.This for from truly realize it is stealthy, electromagnetic shielding etc. tool It is significant.
Stealthy device based on transform optics needs non-homogeneous and anisotropic complicated electromagnetic parameter, for stealthy device Structure simplification is carried out, designed optic camouflage device drops generally to reduce its scope of application as cost using by three-dimensional at present Down to two-dimensional mode, and stipulated that the incident electromagnetic wave of single direction can only be realized stealthy.
Invention content
The present invention is directed at least solve one of above-mentioned technical problem.
For this purpose, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of unidirectional oval stealthy devices of two dimension.
To achieve the goals above, embodiment of the invention discloses that a kind of unidirectional oval stealthy device of two dimension, described hidden Body device be Elliptic Cylinder structure, the stealthy device by cylindrical structure and hollow stealthy region (2) and be located at stealthy area Stealthy areas of dielectric (1) composition on the outside of domain (2), two in short-axis direction of the ellipsoidal structure of the bottom surface of the stealthy device The circular configuration of the bottom surface in stealthy region (2) is cut in outside at endpoint, the electromagnetic parameter of stealthy areas of dielectric (1) includes magnetic permeability μ And permittivity ε, magnetic permeability μ and permittivity ε meet the following conditions respectively:In first quartile and the second quadrant:
In third quadrant and fourth quadrant:
Wherein, x is the coordinate of the short-axis direction of stealthy areas of dielectric (1), and y is stealthy areas of dielectric (1) long axis direction Coordinate, z are the coordinate of stealthy areas of dielectric (1) short transverse, and R is the minor axis radius of stealthy region (1), and n is that elliptic region is long The ratio of axis radius and minor axis radius.
The unidirectional oval stealthy device of a kind of two dimension according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, by designing stealthy medium and stealthy region Shape and constitute the electromagnetic parameter of stealthy dielectric material, and sliding-model control is carried out to the electromagnetic parameter of stealthy medium, with every The electromagnetic parameter of center replaces the electromagnetic parameter in region in a unit area so that complicated continuous electromagnetic parameter can It realizes, the barrier in stealthy region is able to incident electromagnetic wave stealthy.
In addition, the unidirectional oval stealthy device of a kind of two dimension according to the above embodiment of the present invention, can also have following attached The technical characteristic added:
Further, by designing the shape of stealthy medium and stealthy region and constituting the electromagnetism ginseng of stealthy dielectric material Number, and sliding-model control is carried out to the electromagnetic parameter of stealthy medium, with the electromagnetic parameter generation of center in each unit area For the electromagnetic parameter in region so that complicated continuous electromagnetic parameter can realize that the barrier in stealthy region is to entering The electromagnetic wave penetrated is able to stealthy.
Further, the metamaterial structure is made of metal openings ring (5) array of sub-wavelength dimensions, metal openings Ring (5) is concave structure, and the opening of metal openings ring (5) uses printed circuit board positioned at the recess of concave structure Mode metal openings ring (5) array of period profile is machined in PCB substrate (7), will be along the directions x ' and y ' directional spredings Metal openings ring (5) array by the groove (6) in PCB substrate (7) link together constitute a belt-like zone in gold Belong to split ring metamaterial structure.
Further, the height-adjustable of the radius R of the bottom surface short-axis direction of the stealthy device and the stealthy device.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination following accompanying drawings to embodiment Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure diagram of the unidirectional oval stealthy device of the two dimension of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the stealth effect schematic diagram of the unidirectional oval stealthy device of the two dimension of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is that the stealthy medium electromagnetic parameter discretization of the unidirectional oval stealthy device of the two dimension of one embodiment of the invention is shown It is intended to;
Fig. 4 is the metal openings ring metamaterial structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
In figure:The stealthy areas of dielectric of 1-;The stealthy regions 2-;3- plane wave emission sources;4- electromagnetic wave equiphase surfaces; 5- metal openings rings;6- grooves;7-PCB substrates.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term "center", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower", The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than instruction or dark Show that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore should not be understood as pair The limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply opposite Importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected;It can Can also be electrical connection to be mechanical connection;It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, Ke Yishi Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition Concrete meaning in invention.
With reference to following description and drawings, it will be clear that these and other aspects of the embodiment of the present invention.In these descriptions In attached drawing, some particular implementations in the embodiment of the present invention are specifically disclosed, to indicate to implement the implementation of the present invention Some modes of the principle of example, but it is to be understood that the scope of embodiments of the invention is not limited.On the contrary, the present invention Embodiment includes all changes, modification and the equivalent fallen within the scope of the spirit and intension of attached claims.
The operation principle of the present invention is introduced first:The required electromagnetism of stealthy medium is designed using transform optics principle to join Number so that stealthy device can control incident electromagnetic wave propagation path bypass stealthy region, outgoing when keep the direction of propagation with Incident direction is consistent, and is repaired to the phase of electromagnetic wave, and the equiphase surface of outgoing wave is kept to be a flat surface.Based on transformation light Learn the stealthy device electromagnetic property that it shows for the incident electromagnetic wave such as ambient enviroment one for meeting requirements above designed It causes, you can to realize to the stealthy of stealthy region internal reasons.
There is anisotropic dielectric constant heterogeneous and magnetic conductivity according to the stealthy medium gone out designed by transform optics, The stealthy device is realized in order to test, and sliding-model control is carried out to the electromagnetic parameter of stealthy medium.Since the stealthy medium is non- Even electromagnetic parameter is only related to x-axis coordinate, therefore it is sub-wavelength dimensions that stealthy medium, which is divided into multiple width for being parallel to y-axis, Belt-like zone, the electromagnetic parameter in each region replaces by the electromagnetic parameter of regional center point.To the electricity in each region Magnetic parameter matrix carries out diagonalization, it is made there was only the component in three directions x ', y ' and z ', and super material is placed in each belt-like zone Structural unit such as metal openings ring are expected to realize the electromagnetic parameter in three directions in the region.
The core of metal openings ring metamaterial structure is to realize transformation light using the EMR electromagnetic resonance characteristic of metal openings ring The dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity for learning the specific anisotropy required by principle are according to Lenz's law and the law of electromagnetic induction Alternating current is will produce in metal openings ring in alternating electromagnetic field, so as to be generated on the direction of metal plane of a loop Magnetic resonance, therefore the metal openings ring array along the directions x ' and y ' directional spredings can realize the magnetic permeability μ of y ' and the directions x 'y′With μx′, the magnetic conductivity ε of z ' axis directions is realized using periodic array of the both the above circuit board in x ' o ' y ' planesz′.Due to gold The dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity of category split ring are the functions of incoming electromagnetic wave frequency rate, utilize the EMR electromagnetic resonance of metal openings ring special Property, the geometric parameter for adjusting becket in both direction is (metal openings ring opening gap size, the line width of becket, adjacent Thickness etc. of two parallel circuit plate spacings from, circuit board) so that under a certain working frequency range, the magnetic on several different directions Conductance and dielectric constant reach the value required by transform optics theory simultaneously, to pass through the array arrangement energy of metal openings ring It realizes the control to Electromagnetic Wave Propagation path and phase, makes electromagnetic wave in stealthy media, bypass stealthy region, reach hidden The effect of body.
The unidirectional oval stealthy device of two dimension according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention is described below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure diagram of the unidirectional oval stealthy device of the two dimension of one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 2 is this hair The stealth effect schematic diagram of the unidirectional oval stealthy device of two dimension of bright one embodiment.It please refers to Fig.1 and Fig. 2, the present invention is implemented The unidirectional oval stealthy device of two dimension in example is Elliptic Cylinder structure.Stealthy device is by cylindrical structure and hollow stealthy region 2 and the stealthy areas of dielectric 1 positioned at the outside of stealthy region 2 form.The ellipsoidal structure of the bottom surface of stealthy device is in short-axis direction Two endpoints at outside be cut in stealthy region 2 bottom surface circular configuration.The electromagnetic parameter of stealthy areas of dielectric 1 includes magnetic conductivity μ and permittivity ε, magnetic permeability μ and permittivity ε meet the following conditions respectively:
In first quartile and the second quadrant:
In third quadrant and fourth quadrant:
Wherein, x is the coordinate of the short-axis direction of stealthy areas of dielectric 1, and y is the coordinate of 1 long axis direction of stealthy areas of dielectric, Z is the coordinate of stealthy 1 short transverse of areas of dielectric, and R is the minor axis radius in stealthy region 1, n be elliptic region major axis radius with it is short The ratio of axis radius, first quartile, the second quadrant, third quadrant and fourth quadrant are corresponding to positive direction of the x-axis region and y-axis just respectively Direction region, negative direction of the x-axis region and positive direction of the y-axis region, negative direction of the x-axis region and negative direction of the y-axis region, positive direction of the x-axis Region and negative direction of the y-axis region.By the way that different electromagnetic parameters is arranged to 1 different location of stealthy areas of dielectric, to realization pair The control in Electromagnetic Wave Propagation path and phase makes electromagnetic wave be propagated in stealthy areas of dielectric 1, bypasses stealthy region 2, reaches hidden The effect of body.
In one embodiment of the invention, stealthy areas of dielectric 1 includes multiple belt-like zones for being parallel to y-axis direction. The electromagnetic parameter of each belt-like zone is replaced by the electromagnetic parameter of regional center point, to the electromagnetic parameter in each belt-like zone Matrix carries out diagonalization, and electromagnetic parameter matrix is made there was only the component in three directions x ', y ' and z '.In each belt-like zone Metamaterial structure unit is placed to realize the electromagnetic parameter in three directions in the region.
It specifically, can be with referring to FIG. 3, the electromagnetic parameter due to stealthy areas of dielectric 1 is only related to x-axis coordinate The electromagnetism ginseng stealthy medium being divided into each regions belt-like zone that multiple width for being parallel to y-axis are sub-wavelength dimensions Number is replaced by the electromagnetic parameter of regional center point, and such electromagnetic parameter has just been separated into ladder distribution by continuously distributed, has been convenient for It is realized with the mode of construction Meta Materials.
In an embodiment of the invention, metamaterial structure is made of metal openings ring (5) array of sub-wavelength dimensions, Metal openings ring (5) is concave structure, and the opening of metal openings ring (5) is located at the recess of concave structure, with print The mode of printed circuit board is machined with metal openings ring (5) array of period profile in PCB substrate (7), will be along the directions x ' and y ' Metal openings ring (5) array of directional spreding is linked together by the groove (6) in PCB substrate (7) and constitutes a banded regions Metal openings ring metamaterial structure in domain.
Specifically, referring to FIG. 4, the normal direction of metal openings ring 5 is the directions x ' or y ', when in alternating electromagnetic field, Alternating current is generated in metal openings ring 5, is generated magnetic resonance in normal direction, is changed the geometric parameter of metal openings ring 5, it can be in method To the magnetic conductivity needed for realization;Groove 6 in PCB substrate 7 is along x ' or y ' directional spredings, the circuit for being distributed in both directions It is fixed to each other between plate.
In one embodiment of the invention, the radius R of the bottom surface short-axis direction of stealthy device and the stealthy device Height-adjustable, to realize the stealthy of different size of barrier.
To enable those skilled in the art to be more apparent from the present invention, it will illustrate the two of the present invention by following embodiments The unidirectional oval stealthy device of dimension.
[embodiment one]
It is 2 to take n, then in the first and second quadrant, the material for constituting stealthy areas of dielectric 1 has following electromagnetic parameter:
In third and fourth quadrant, the material for constituting stealthy medium has following electromagnetic parameter:
Sliding-model control is carried out to the electromagnetic parameter of stealthy areas of dielectric 1, is located at central point in first quartileFor the belt-like zone at place, the electromagnetic parameter in the region is equal to the electromagnetic parameter of center:
Diagonalization processing is carried out to it, makes it to be realized with Meta Materials, there is electromagnetic parameter:
μx′x′=0.3558
μy′y′=2.8109
μz′z′=2.0000
Wherein x ' axis and y ' axis are that x-axis and y-axis rotate clockwise 54.92 ° and obtain, and z ' axis is overlapped with z-axis.In the banded regions Such as metal openings ring 5 of the metamaterial structure unit with above-mentioned electromagnetic parameter is placed in domain is used as the stealthy areas of dielectric 1.
[embodiment two]
It is 3 to take n, then in the first and second quadrant, the material for constituting stealthy areas of dielectric 1 has following electromagnetic parameter:
In third and fourth quadrant, the material for constituting stealthy medium has following electromagnetic parameter:
Sliding-model control is carried out to the electromagnetic parameter of stealthy areas of dielectric 1, is located at central point in first quartileFor the belt-like zone at place, the electromagnetic parameter in the region is equal to the electromagnetic parameter of center:
Diagonalization processing is carried out to it, makes it to be realized with Meta Materials, there is electromagnetic parameter:
μx′x′=0.4514
μy′y′=2.2153
μz′z′=1.5000
Wherein x ' axis and y ' axis are that x-axis and y-axis rotate clockwise 50.45 ° and obtain, and z ' axis is overlapped with z-axis.In the banded regions Stealthy medium of the metamaterial structure unit such as metal openings ring 5 with above-mentioned electromagnetic parameter as the region is placed in domain.
[embodiment three]
It is 4 to take n, then in the first and second quadrant, the material for constituting stealthy medium has following electromagnetic parameter:
In third and fourth quadrant, the material for constituting stealthy medium has following electromagnetic parameter:
Sliding-model control is carried out to the electromagnetic parameter of stealthy medium, is located at central point in first quartile For the belt-like zone at place, the electromagnetic parameter in the region is equal to the electromagnetic parameter of center:
Diagonalization processing is carried out to it, makes it to be realized with Meta Materials, there is electromagnetic parameter:
μx′x′=0.4910
μy′y′=2.0368
μz′z′=1.3333
Wherein x ' axis and y ' axis are that x-axis and y-axis rotate clockwise 47.58 ° and obtain, and z ' axis is overlapped with z-axis.In the banded regions The stealthy medium that the metamaterial structure unit such as metal openings ring with above-mentioned electromagnetic parameter is used as the region is placed in domain.
In addition, other compositions of the unidirectional oval stealthy device of the two dimension of the embodiment of the present invention and effect are for this field All it is known for technical staff, in order to reduce redundancy, does not repeat.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not Centainly refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any One or more embodiments or example in can be combined in any suitable manner.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that:Not In the case of being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments, this The range of invention is equally limited by claim and its specification.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of unidirectional oval stealthy device of two dimension, which is characterized in that the stealthy device is Elliptic Cylinder structure, described stealthy Device is by cylindrical structure and hollow stealthy region (2) and stealthy areas of dielectric (1) group on the outside of stealthy region (2) At the ellipsoidal structure of, the bottom surface of the stealthy device at two endpoints of short-axis direction outside be cut in the bottoms of stealthy region (2) The electromagnetic parameter of the circular configuration in face, stealthy areas of dielectric (1) includes magnetic permeability μ and permittivity ε, and magnetic permeability μ and dielectric are normal Number ε meets the following conditions respectively:
In first quartile and the second quadrant:
In third quadrant and fourth quadrant:
Wherein, x is the coordinate of the short-axis direction of stealthy areas of dielectric (1), and y is the coordinate of stealthy areas of dielectric (1) long axis direction, Z is the coordinate of stealthy areas of dielectric (1) short transverse, and R is the minor axis radius of stealthy areas of dielectric (1), and n is elliptic region long axis The ratio of radius and minor axis radius;
Stealthy areas of dielectric (1) includes multiple belt-like zones for being parallel to y-axis direction, the electromagnetic parameter of each belt-like zone It is replaced by the electromagnetic parameter of regional center point, diagonalization is carried out to the electromagnetic parameter matrix in each belt-like zone, is made The electromagnetic parameter matrix only has the component in three directions x ', y ' and z ', and Meta Materials knot is placed in each belt-like zone Structure unit realizes the electromagnetic parameter in three directions in the region;
The metamaterial structure is made of metal openings ring (5) array of sub-wavelength dimensions, and metal openings ring (5) is " recessed " word Shape structure, the opening of metal openings ring (5) is located at the recess of concave structure, with the mode of printed circuit board in PCB bases Metal openings ring (5) array of period profile is machined on plate (7), it will be along the metal openings ring in the directions x ' and y ' directional spredings (5) the super material of metal openings ring that array is linked together by the groove (6) in PCB substrate (7) in one belt-like zone of composition Expect structure.
2. the unidirectional oval stealthy device of two dimension according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bottom surface of the stealthy device is short The height-adjustable of the radius R of axis direction and the stealthy device.
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CN106617370B (en) * 2017-01-07 2018-11-20 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 The stealthy cape of the Spark gap of ellipsoidal structure
CN111799563B (en) * 2020-06-24 2021-06-04 清华大学 Temperature-controlled unidirectional metal-medium composite stealth device and manufacturing method thereof
CN111969326B (en) * 2020-07-13 2021-05-18 清华大学 Electric field regulation and control two-dimensional omnidirectional metal-medium composite stealth device and manufacturing method thereof

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