CN102738588A - Method for making object invisible - Google Patents
Method for making object invisible Download PDFInfo
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- CN102738588A CN102738588A CN2011100852243A CN201110085224A CN102738588A CN 102738588 A CN102738588 A CN 102738588A CN 2011100852243 A CN2011100852243 A CN 2011100852243A CN 201110085224 A CN201110085224 A CN 201110085224A CN 102738588 A CN102738588 A CN 102738588A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for making an object invisible. The method comprises the following steps of: S1, through coordinate identification, in order to achieve that electromagnetic waves go around a surface of the object or are reflected in a plane wave form, acquiring a needed electromagnetic parameter of every point of the object surface; S2, designing metamaterials according to the electromagnetic parameter, wherein the metamaterials are sheet-like substrates and a plurality of artificial microstructures attached to the sheet-like substrates; S3, coating the metamaterials on the object, and enabling the metamaterials to guide the electromagnetic waves to go around the object to achieve invisibility, or when the electromagnetic waves scan the object, the metamaterials allow the electromagnetic waves to be reflected in the plane wave form to realize invisibility. According to the invention, through a special design, the electromagnetic parameters inside the metamaterials show different refractive indexes, the electromagnetic waves can be seized and guided to propagate in a specified direction, and the invisibility of the object is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultra field of materials, relate to a kind of method that makes object stealth particularly.
Background technology
Hide electromagnetic detection, let object in electromagnetic detection, disappear.This idea just is being suggested perhaps many years ago, also develops in the meantime various stealth technologies.It is the most common wherein to coat the absorbing material with corrosion stability at body surface, its objective is to let the electromagnetic wave that shines body surface absorbed by coated absorbing material, and relative microwave is stealthy thereby the areflexia signal is got back to detector realization object.There is great leak in the method in utilization, one: electromagnetic wave irradiation can not be by 100% absorption to absorbing material the time, also has reflected wave and gets back to the microwave detector end object is exposed in the microwave sounding equipment.Two: absorbing material is different to the electro-magnetic wave absorption intensity of different wave length; Microwave detector in the face of existing frequency hopping and wide frequency ranges; The absorbing material that body surface is coated with can not finally still can be eliminated by the progress of science and technology in the challenge of this kind of reply.Except that being coated with in the process of development in science and technology, also be born the absorbing material technology some new technology such as Plasma Stealth Technology at body surface, using technology such as bionics techniques, applied microwave propagation indication technology (this technology is to utilize the propagation condition of computer forecast radar wave in atmosphere, thereby selects the track of object to hide electromagnetic detection in advance), development of new absorbing material.
Electromagnetic wave is propagated in space medium, and its transmission locus is controlled by the intrinsic electromagnetic property of medium.And, make the electromagnetic parameter in the medium demonstrate non-uniform Distribution through regulating the electromagnetic parameter of every bit in the dielectric space, can realize that like this direction of propagation of electromagnetic wave in medium is controllable.The electromagnetic parameter of common material mostly belongs to even distribution, and ultra material has been realized controlled through artificial cellular construction to the electromagnetic parameter of unit media.Use the difference of approach according to material, let electromagnetic parameter in the dielectric material distribute through electromagnetic calculating and structural design and satisfy the requirement of specific non-uniform Distribution, realize that finally material is to electromagnetic control in the space.Technology is to obtain the needed electromagnetic parameter of body surface medium every bit through changes in coordinates in realization; Add through the special design of ultra material that accurate micro-structural is processed again and realize that medium traction electromagnetic wave walks around material surface, let object realize that in electromagnetic detection microwave is stealthy.Priority some achievements in research also occurred but has mostly rested on the laboratory study stage, too many research is not carried out in its utilization in reality.And present technology is all to have received great obstruction in processing technology or on material is selected when realizing.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is, provide a kind of low cost, high efficiency, diverse in function, be convenient to control and design make the method for object stealth based on ultra material.
The present invention solves first technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: a kind of method that makes object stealth comprises:
S1. through coordinates logo, when reflecting back, obtain the needed electromagnetic parameter of said body surface every bit as if the form of wanting electromagnetic wave to walk around body surface or plane wave;
S2. according to the ultra material of described electromagnetic parameter design, said ultra material is that plate shape substrates reaches attached to the some artificial micro-structural on the said plate shape substrates;
S3. said ultra material is covered on the described object; Making described ultra material draw described electromagnetic wave walks around said object and realizes stealthy or when the electromagnetic wave scanning object, said ultra material makes described electromagnetic wave reflect back to realize stealth with the form of plane wave.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, all artificial micro-structurals form periodic array in the space.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, said all artificial micro-structurals are inhomogeneity periodic array in the space.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, under the selected situation of plate shape substrates, obtain the electromagnetic parameter of wanting through pattern, design size and/or artificial micro-structural the arranging in the space that changes artificial micro-structural.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, said plate shape substrates is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, described artificial micro-structural be one have pattern attached to the metal wire on the plate shape substrates.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, said metal wire through etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method attached on the plate shape substrates.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, said metal wire is copper cash or silver-colored line.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention; Said metal wire is two-dimentional flakes; It has each other first main line and second main line that vertically is " ten " word; Each vertically is provided with one first branch line the two ends of said first main line, and each vertically is provided with one second branch line the two ends of said second main line.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, said first main line and second main line are divided equally each other, and the center of said first branch line is connected on first main line, and the center of said second branch line is connected on second main line.
The present invention and a kind of method that makes object stealth; Can make the electromagnetic parameter of material internal present different refractive indexes through special design; Material just can be caught electromagnetic wave and guide electromagnetic wave to propagate toward the direction of appointment like this, propagates the stealth that perhaps reflects back the realization object with the form of plane wave thereby ultra material can let electromagnetic wave walk around object.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is one one kinds of method flow diagrams that make object stealth of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the invention one object stealth mode figure;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the invention one another object stealth mode figure;
Fig. 4 is a metamaterial structure sketch map in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the sketch map of artificial micro-structural in the embodiment of the invention;
The pattern of the artificial micro-structural that Fig. 6 obtains for Fig. 5 derives to pattern shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment
By specifying technology contents of the present invention, structural feature, realized purpose and effect, give explanation below in conjunction with execution mode and conjunction with figs. are detailed.
" ultra material " is meant artificial composite structure or the composite material that some have the not available extraordinary physical property of natural material.Structurally ordered design through on the key physical yardstick of material can break through the restriction of some apparent natural law, thereby obtains to exceed the meta-materials function of the intrinsic common character of nature.
Three key characters that " ultra material " is important:
(1) " ultra material " the composite material that normally has novel artificial structure;
(2) " ultra material " has extraordinary physical property (not available in the natural often material);
(3) " ultra material " character is determined by the intrinsic properties of constituent material and artificial micro-structural wherein jointly.
See also Fig. 1, a kind of method that makes object stealth comprises:
S1. through coordinates logo, when reflecting back, obtain the needed electromagnetic parameter of said body surface every bit as if the form of wanting electromagnetic wave to walk around body surface or plane wave;
S2. according to the ultra material of described electromagnetic parameter design, said ultra material is that plate shape substrates reaches attached to the some artificial micro-structural on the said plate shape substrates;
S3. said ultra material is covered on the described object; Making described ultra material draw described electromagnetic wave walks around said object and realizes stealthy or when the electromagnetic wave scanning object, said ultra material makes described electromagnetic wave reflect back to realize stealth with the form of plane wave.
The ultra material of the present invention's design also belongs to the part of new material exploitation, but there are difference in essence in physical characteristic that it shows and absorbing material." ultra material " is meant artificial composite structure or the composite material that some have the not available extraordinary physical property of natural material.Structurally ordered design through on the key physical yardstick of material can break through the restriction of some apparent natural law, thereby obtains to exceed the meta-materials function of the intrinsic common character of nature.Can make the electromagnetic parameter of material internal present different refractive indexes through special design; Material just can be caught electromagnetic wave and guide electromagnetic wave to propagate toward the direction of appointment like this; Ultra material can let electromagnetic wave walk around object and propagate, and also can form direct reflection and hide the object that material covers.
The product reaction of the DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS of electromagnetic refractive index material and magnetic permeability μ has relation; When a branch of electromagnetic wave was propagated into other a kind of medium by a kind of medium, electromagnetic wave can reflect, and the big more position deviation angle of refractive index is big more; When the inner refraction index profile of material is non-homogeneous; Electromagnetic wave will through changing the distribution of refractive index in material, can change the electromagnetic wave propagation path to the bigger position deviation of refractive index ratio.
Ultra material can be to electric field or magnetic field, and perhaps both respond simultaneously.The DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS of ultra material is depended in the response of electric field, and the magnetic permeability μ of ultra material is depended in the response in magnetic field.Through to the DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS of every bit in the ultra material space and the accurate control of magnetic permeability μ, we can realize through ultra material electromagnetic influence.
Even or the heterogeneous distribution of the electromagnetic parameter of ultra material in the space is one of key character of ultra material.A kind of special shape that evenly be distributed as non-uniform Distribution of electromagnetic parameter in the space, but its concrete property, the characteristic that remains by each cellular construction of arranging in the space determines.Therefore, through the characteristic of each structure of arranging in the design space, just can design the electromagnetic property of whole novel ultra material every bit in the space.This electromagnetic material system will have numerous unusual characteristics; Can play the special effect that leads to electromagnetic wave propagation; Product like identical DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS and magnetic permeability μ can play the deviation effect; The DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS of each unit, middle part and the product of magnetic permeability μ are maximum, the ascending trend that is gradual change of the product of other DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS and magnetic permeability μ.
Electromagnetic wave is propagated in space medium, and its transmission locus is controlled by the intrinsic electromagnetic property of medium.And, make the electromagnetic parameter in the medium demonstrate non-uniform Distribution through regulating the electromagnetic parameter of every bit in the dielectric space, can realize that like this direction of propagation of electromagnetic wave in medium is controllable.The electromagnetic parameter of common material mostly belongs to even distribution, and ultra material has been realized controlled through artificial cellular construction to the electromagnetic parameter of unit media.Use the difference of approach according to material, let electromagnetic parameter in the dielectric material distribute through electromagnetic calculating and structural design and satisfy the requirement of specific non-uniform Distribution, realize that finally material is to electromagnetic control in the space.
See also Fig. 2; The stealthy object sketch map of ultra material; Comprise ultra material 10 and object 20; The concrete realization is: obtain the needed electromagnetic parameter of object 20 surface dielectric every bits through changes in coordinates, add through ultra material 10 special designs that accurate micro-structural is processed again and realize that ultra material 10 draws electromagnetic waves and walks around object 20 surfaces, let object 20 in electromagnetic detection, realize the electromagnetic wave stealth.
See also Fig. 3; Stealthy another sketch map of object of ultra material; Comprise ultra material 10 and object 20; The concrete realization is: obtain the needed electromagnetic parameter of object 20 surface dielectric every bits through changes in coordinates, again through ultra material 10 special designs add accurate micro-structural process realize making electromagnetic wave to pass through object 20 surfaces after, all reflect back again with the mode of plane wave; Through like the plane that does not have object, let object 20 realize that in electromagnetic detection electromagnetic wave is stealthy as electromagnetic wave.
See also Fig. 4, metamaterial structure sketch map of the present invention comprises base material 11 and some artificial micro-structurals 2, and in the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, all artificial micro-structurals 2 form periodic array in the space.Preferably, all artificial micro-structurals 2 are inhomogeneity periodic array in the space.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, under the selected situation of plate shape substrates 11, obtain the electromagnetic parameter of wanting through pattern, design size and/or artificial micro-structural 2 the arranging in the space that changes artificial micro-structural 2.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, said plate shape substrates 11 is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.Preferably, the electrical insulating property of polytetrafluoroethylene is very good, and therefore can not produce and disturb, and have excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance electromagnetic electric field, long service life, the base material 11 that adheres to as artificial micro-structural 2 is good selections.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, described artificial micro-structural 2 be one have pattern attached to the metal wire on the plate shape substrates 11.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, said metal wire through etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method attached on the plate shape substrates 11.
In the method that makes object stealth of the present invention, said metal wire is copper cash or silver-colored line.
As shown in Figure 5; As a concrete embodiment; Said metal wire is two-dimentional flakes; It has each other first main line 21 and second main line 22 that vertically is " ten " word, and the two ends of said first main line 21 are vertically installed with two first branch lines 23, and the two ends of said first main line are vertically installed with two second branch lines 24.Said first main line 21 and second main line 22 are divided equally each other, and the center of said two first branch lines 23 is connected on first main line 21, and the center of said two second branch lines 24 is connected on second main line 22.In this embodiment, isotropic situation is:
First main line is identical with the second main line length;
First branch is also identical with second branch length;
Certainly, just lifted a simple example here, the pattern of metal wire can also for other, like Fig. 6-shown in Figure 8.Wherein Fig. 6 is deriving of above-mentioned pattern, promptly all adds two branch lines again at the two ends of two first branch lines and two second branch lines, and the rest may be inferred, and much other patterns of deriving can also be arranged; The present invention can not enumerate this one by one.Just signal among the figure, in fact first main line, second main line, first branch line and second branch line all have width.
4 above-mentioned examples all are the metal micro structures (promptly can influence electromagnetic dielectric constant) to electric field response; Also have many metal micro structures in addition, like the split ring resonator structure that in many documents, all is referred to magnetic responsiveness.Metal micro structure can also have a lot of distortion patterns in addition, and the present invention can not enumerate this one by one.
Under the situation that base material 11 is selected, can obtain control traction result or the reflection results wanted through pattern, design size and/or metal micro structure the arranging in the space of design metal micro structure 2.This is because through pattern, design size and/or metal micro structure the arranging in the space of design metal micro structure 2, can design the electromagnetic parameter ε and the μ of excess of export material 5 each unit in the space.How as for pattern, design size and/or metal micro structure the arranging in the space that obtains metal micro structure, this method is multiple, gives an example; Can obtain through reverse computer simulation, at first we draw distribution of results or reflection results at definite control that needs, and the electromagnetic parameter that goes to design ultra material monolithic according to this effect distributes; Calculate the electromagnetic parameter distribution of every bit the space again from integral body; Select pattern, design size and/or metal micro structure the arranging in the space (having deposited multiple metal micro structure data in the computer in advance) of corresponding metal micro-structural according to the electromagnetic parameter of this every bit, can use the method for exhaustion, for example earlier selected metal micro structure with specific pattern to the design of each point; Calculate electromagnetic parameter; Contrast with the result who obtains and we want contrasts recirculation repeatedly, till the electromagnetic parameter that finds us to want; If found, then accomplished the parameter choosing of metal micro structure 2; If do not find, then change a kind of metal micro structure of pattern, the circulation above repeating is till the electromagnetic parameter that finds us to want.If still do not find, then said process can not stop yet.After that is to say the metal micro structure of the electromagnetic parameter that has only found our needs, program just can stop.Because this process is all accomplished by computer, therefore, seem complicated, can accomplish soon in fact.
According to the method that makes object of the present invention; Can make the electromagnetic parameter of material internal present different refractive indexes through special design; Material just can be caught electromagnetic wave and guide electromagnetic wave to propagate toward the direction of appointment like this, thereby ultra material can let electromagnetic wave walk around that object is propagated or reflect back the stealth that realizes object with plane electromagnetic wave.The method of above-mentioned stealthy object, is convenient to control and design at the high and diverse in function of low cost of manufacture, efficient.
Combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are described above; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method that makes object stealth is characterized in that, comprising:
S1. through coordinates logo, when reflecting back, obtain the needed electromagnetic parameter of said body surface every bit as if the form of wanting electromagnetic wave to walk around body surface or plane wave;
S2. according to the ultra material of described electromagnetic parameter design, said ultra material is that plate shape substrates reaches attached to the some artificial micro-structural on the said plate shape substrates;
S3. said ultra material is covered on the described object; Making described ultra material draw described electromagnetic wave walks around said object and realizes stealthy or when the electromagnetic wave scanning object, said ultra material makes described electromagnetic wave reflect back to realize stealth with the form of plane wave.
2. the method that makes object stealth according to claim 1 is characterized in that, all artificial micro-structurals form periodic array in the space.
3. the method that makes object stealth according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said all artificial micro-structurals are inhomogeneity periodic array in the space.
4. the method that makes object stealth according to claim 1 is characterized in that, under the selected situation of plate shape substrates, obtains the electromagnetic parameter of wanting through pattern, design size and/or artificial micro-structural the arranging in the space that changes artificial micro-structural.
5. the method that makes object stealth according to claim 1 is characterized in that said plate shape substrates is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.
6. the method that makes object stealth according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described artificial micro-structural be one have pattern attached to the metal wire on the plate shape substrates.
7. the method that makes object stealth according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said metal wire through etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method attached on the plate shape substrates.
8. the method that makes object stealth according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said metal wire is copper cash or silver-colored line.
9. the method that makes object stealth according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said metal wire is two-dimentional flakes; It has each other first main line and second main line that vertically is " ten " word, and each vertically is provided with one first branch line the two ends of said first main line, and each vertically is provided with one second branch line the two ends of said second main line.
10. the method that makes object stealth according to claim 9 is characterized in that, said first main line and second main line are divided equally each other, and the center of said first branch line is connected on first main line, and the center of said second branch line is connected on second main line.
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| CN2011100852243A CN102738588A (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Method for making object invisible |
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| CN2011100852243A CN102738588A (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2011-04-06 | Method for making object invisible |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014139067A1 (en) * | 2013-03-10 | 2014-09-18 | 浙江大学 | Cylindrical electromagnetic wave cloaking device |
| CN104682013A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 北京理工大学 | Wide-angle polarization-insensitive low RCS meta-material wave absorber |
| CN105655718A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 清华大学 | Two-dimensional unidirectional elliptical hiding device |
| CN108808259A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-13 | 浙江大学 | A kind of novel high-altitude invisible structure |
| CN109283615A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-29 | 山东师范大学 | A kind of comprehensive stealthy shield based on fiber optic communication mechanism |
| CN111025672A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 浙江大学 | Electromagnetic wave multi-direction grating stealth device |
| CN111638569A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-09-08 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Radio frequency inductive coupling plasma superposition phase gradient super-surface wave-absorbing structure |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20080024792A1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-31 | John Pendry | Electromagnetic Cloaking Method |
| CN102393865A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-03-28 | 西安交通大学 | Integrated design of device with three-dimensional all-medium non-resonant metamaterial structure and manufacturing process |
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2011
- 2011-04-06 CN CN2011100852243A patent/CN102738588A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080024792A1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-31 | John Pendry | Electromagnetic Cloaking Method |
| CN102393865A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-03-28 | 西安交通大学 | Integrated design of device with three-dimensional all-medium non-resonant metamaterial structure and manufacturing process |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014139067A1 (en) * | 2013-03-10 | 2014-09-18 | 浙江大学 | Cylindrical electromagnetic wave cloaking device |
| CN104682013A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 北京理工大学 | Wide-angle polarization-insensitive low RCS meta-material wave absorber |
| CN105655718A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 清华大学 | Two-dimensional unidirectional elliptical hiding device |
| CN105655718B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-08-28 | 清华大学 | Two-dimentional unidirectional oval stealthy device |
| CN108808259A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-13 | 浙江大学 | A kind of novel high-altitude invisible structure |
| CN108808259B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江大学 | Novel high-altitude invisible structure |
| CN109283615A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-29 | 山东师范大学 | A kind of comprehensive stealthy shield based on fiber optic communication mechanism |
| CN109283615B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-06-30 | 山东师范大学 | All-round stealthy shield based on optical fiber communication mechanism |
| CN111025672A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 浙江大学 | Electromagnetic wave multi-direction grating stealth device |
| CN111638569A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-09-08 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Radio frequency inductive coupling plasma superposition phase gradient super-surface wave-absorbing structure |
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Application publication date: 20121017 |