CN103898503A - Method for repairing shaft part by laser-induction composite cladding - Google Patents
Method for repairing shaft part by laser-induction composite cladding Download PDFInfo
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- CN103898503A CN103898503A CN201410144489.XA CN201410144489A CN103898503A CN 103898503 A CN103898503 A CN 103898503A CN 201410144489 A CN201410144489 A CN 201410144489A CN 103898503 A CN103898503 A CN 103898503A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for repairing a shaft part by laser-induction composite cladding, which comprises the following steps: applying induction cladding coating self-protecting paste onto a shaft part surface, and drying; controlling the distance between a high frequency heating coil and the damaged position of the formed and dried shaft part at 2-15mm so that the temperature of the damaged position of the shaft part subjected to induction heating is 200-1000 DEG C, and meanwhile, blowing Ar gas into the induction heating region by using a copper pipe; and positioning a laser beam generated by a fiber laser and a powder sprayer of a powder feeder in the induction heating region, wherein the included angle between the powder sprayer and the normal direction of the shaft part surface coated with the self-protecting paste is 35-45 degrees, and the vertical distance between the powder sprayer and the shaft part surface coated with the self-protecting paste is 12-20mm. The induction cladding coating self-protecting paste is composed of 50-65% of silicon dioxide, 5-10% of aluminum oxide, 10-15% of titanium dioxide, 10-20% of boric acid, 1-10% of aluminum powder and 2-8% of rare-earth lanthanum oxide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of prosthesis shaft type component, relate in particular to a kind of method of laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component.
Background technology
Shaft element is widely used in the fields such as metallurgy, mine, electric power, petrochemical industry, building materials, is the large easy consumption key part of the equipments such as calendering distortion, fragmentation, grinding and supporting, conveying, guiding, and year consumes more than 500 ten thousand tons, is worth more than 1,000 hundred million yuan.Shaft element is one of indispensable strength member in any machinery, is the key part of equipment.Shaft element is mainly support part and transmits motion and the effect of power in machinery, be with the most use in various machinery, most widely used general, be also one of the most key component.Year consumes several hundred billion yuan.Inefficacy shaft element at present only small part adopt the techniques such as built-up welding, spraying, laser melting coating to manufacture again, there is the difficult problems such as cost is high, efficiency is low, of poor quality, the shaft element of 90% above wear out failure melts down smelting as waste metal, causes huge waste and pollution.
Various shaft elements are because its applying working condition is severe, abrasion and corrosion to shaft element is larger, that in producing, consumption is many, consumption is large, the main consumption spare part that amount is easily scrapped, its damage type is mainly abrasion and corrosion, the cycle of scrapping is short, stop production because abrasion and corrosion makes equipment every year, scrap caused loss and exceed hundred billion yuan, a large amount of scrapping of shaft element are exerted heavy pressures on to environment and resource.Aspect economy, the energy and environmental protection, bringing very large burden to enterprise.Therefore, study significant to all kinds of shaft element failure modes and reparation re-manufacturing technology.
Surface cladding technology is a kind of widely used table and metallurgical technology, generally to apply in advance (or bonding) layer of metal or alloy material at substrate surface, then utilize certain heating means, make coating material melting, there is series of physical, chemical action with matrix table, thereby form surface metallurgic coating mortise, that there is excellent functional performance.Conventional cladding method has vacuum cladding, laser melting coating, oxy-acetylene flame cladding, supersonic velocity cladding, induction cladding and plasma cladding etc. at present, and wherein, induction cladding has obvious advantage: as fast in rate of heating, thermo-efficiency is high; Coating and substrate combinating strength are high, there is no slag inclusion; Be convenient to mechanize and automatization, and constant product quality; Non-inflammable gas, sill is free from environmental pollution; Good work environment and one-tenth wood are low, and its cost is the 1/2-2/3 of durionise cost under condition of equivalent thickness, 1/5 of laser melting coating cost.
Laser melting and coating technique is that the laser beam of employing high-energy-density is at the material of workpiece surface cladding one deck property, to improve the technique of its surface property.Compared with hot-spraying techniques, laser melting and coating technique tool has the following advantages with traditional built-up welding: (1) laser beam spot is little and energy density is high, in cladding process, the heat affected zone of workpiece and thermal distortion can be reduced to minimum degree; (2) by adjusting process parameter, can obtain the cladding layer that thinning ratio is less than 10%; (3) cladding layer and base material are metallurgical binding. bonding strength is high, incrust; (4) by custom-designed laser conducting device, can carry out Laser Cladding Treatment to positions such as deep hole, endoporus and grooves, can obtain the cladding coating that meets different size requirement in conjunction with multiple tracks multilayer technique; (5) laser melting and coating technique environmentally safe, level of automation is high.Therefore, there is very wide application prospect in fields such as automobile, metallurgy, aerospace, boats and ships, track haulage.
In recent years, can, under high-level efficiency condition, the thermal stresses in coating be reduced to minimum degree, thereby laser-inductive composite melt coating technique of preparing high performance flawless coating causes people's broad interest.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component.The present invention's cladding alloy powder flowbility used is good, has very excellent consistency and wettability and close heat physical properties with connecting shaft type component; Before laser-induction composite cladding is repaired, shaft element damaged part is responded to cladding processing, improve the specific absorption of shaft element to laser beam energy; Adopt laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component, not only can improve the utilization ratio of shaft element to laser beam energy, also can reduce the thermograde in cladding process, eliminate the metallurgical imperfection such as pore and crackle in coating, thereby increase substantially cladding efficiency and improve wear-resisting, corrosion resistant and the anti-fatigue performance of coating.Therefore, adopt the method prosthesis shaft type component to there is the incomparable advantage of conventional restorative procedure.
The present invention seeks to realize like this:
1, through methylcellulose gum, self-protective paste for induction cladding coating is modulated into paste with binding agent and is coated in shaft element surface, after moulding, at 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, dry 2h.
2, the distance between the shaft element damaged part after high-frequency induction heating coil and moulding oven dry is controlled in 2～15 mm, regulate induction heating power, the temperature that makes the sensed heating of damaged part of shaft element is 200～1000 DEG C, utilizes copper pipe to be blown into Ar gas to induction heating district simultaneously;
3, laser beam optical fiber laser being produced and the powder jet of automatic powder feeding device are positioned in induction heating district, realize the compound of laser thermal source and induction heating source; Utilize powder jet special cladding alloy powder to be blown in the molten bath of laser-induction composite cladding thermal source formation, after laser-induction composite cladding thermal source is removed, the cladding alloy powder rapid solidification crystallization of melting forms cladding alloy powder coating.Wherein, the angle between the shaft element surface normal of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 35～45 °, and the shaft element surface vertical range of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 12～20 mm;
4, after laser-induction composite cladding is complete, move numerically-controlled machine along the vertical direction of laser scanning speed, its distance moving is laser spot diameter 40～70%;
5, whether the thickness of detection reparation cladding alloy powder coating reaches the requirement of expection, if do not had, by laser head along the Z-direction segment distance Δ Z that rises, this distance, delta Z is the thickness of a upper cladding alloy powder coating, then repeating step 2-4, reaches desired thickness until repair cladding alloy powder coating;
Cladding alloy powder chemistry composition of the present invention is (calculating by quality percentage composition): Cr:15.0～20.0%, B:3.0～4.5%, Si:3.0～4.5%, Al:5～15%, Fe≤5.0%, W:4.0～6.0%, Ni surplus;
The processing parameter of optical-fiber laser of the present invention is: hot spot bandwidth is 3 × 3 mm light beams, power 3000～6000 W, sweep velocity 6～10 mm/s, adjacent spots overlapping rate 20%～60% when multiple tracks cladding.
Self-protective paste for induction cladding coating of the present invention consists of (mass percent): silicon-dioxide 50%～65%, aluminum oxide 5%～10%, titanium dioxide 10%～15%, boric acid 10%～20%, aluminium powder 1%～10%, rare-earth oxidation bright-coloured 2%～8%.
Beneficial effect: adopt the method to carry out the repair process of laser-induction composite cladding to shaft element, the thickness of reparation is controlled, thinning ratio is low, microstructure is tiny and fine and close, has excellent wear-resisting, anti-corrosion and fatigue performance, and service life can improve more than approximately 3 times.
Embodiment
The method of a kind of laser-induction composite cladding of the present invention prosthesis shaft type component is illustrated by following examples.
Embodiment 1
The present invention seeks to realize like this:
1, through methylcellulose gum, self-protective paste for induction cladding coating is modulated into paste with binding agent and is coated in shaft element surface, after moulding, at 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, dry 2h.
2, the distance between the shaft element damaged part after high-frequency induction heating coil and moulding oven dry is controlled in 5～15 mm, regulate induction heating power, the temperature that makes the sensed heating of damaged part of shaft element is 300～800 DEG C, utilizes copper pipe to be blown into Ar gas to induction heating district simultaneously;
3, laser beam optical fiber laser being produced and the powder jet of automatic powder feeding device are positioned in induction heating district, realize the compound of laser thermal source and induction heating source; Utilize powder jet special cladding alloy powder to be blown in the molten bath of laser-induction composite cladding thermal source formation, after laser-induction composite cladding thermal source is removed, the cladding alloy powder rapid solidification crystallization of melting forms repairs cladding alloy powder coating.Wherein, the angle between the shaft element surface normal of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 35～45 °, and the shaft element surface vertical range of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 15～20 mm;
4, after laser-induction composite cladding is complete, move numerically-controlled machine along the vertical direction of laser scanning speed, its distance moving is laser spot diameter 40～70%;
5, whether the thickness of detection reparation cladding alloy powder coating reaches the requirement of expection, if do not had, by laser head along the Z-direction segment distance Δ Z that rises, this distance, delta Z is the thickness of a upper cladding alloy powder coating, then repeating step 2-4, reaches desired thickness until repair cladding alloy powder coating;
Cladding alloy powder chemistry composition of the present invention is (calculating by quality percentage composition): Cr:17.0～20.0%, B:3.0～4%, Si:3.0～4%, Al:5～15%, Fe≤5.0%, W:4.0～6.0%, Ni surplus;
The processing parameter of optical-fiber laser of the present invention is: hot spot bandwidth is 3 × 3 mm light beams, power 3000～6000W, sweep velocity 6～10 mm/s, adjacent spots overlapping rate 25%～50% when multiple tracks cladding.
Self-protective paste for induction cladding coating of the present invention consists of (mass percent): silicon-dioxide 50%～60%, aluminum oxide 5%～8%, titanium dioxide 10%～15%, boric acid 10%～20%, aluminium powder 1%～8%, rare-earth oxidation bright-coloured 2%～8%.
Embodiment 2
The present invention seeks to realize like this:
1, through methylcellulose gum, self-protective paste for induction cladding coating is modulated into paste with binding agent and is coated in shaft element surface, after moulding, at 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, dry 2h.
2, the distance between the shaft element damaged part after high-frequency induction heating coil and moulding oven dry is controlled in 5～15 mm, regulate induction heating power, the temperature that makes the sensed heating of damaged part of shaft element is 500～1000 DEG C, utilizes copper pipe to be blown into Ar gas to induction heating district simultaneously;
3, laser beam optical fiber laser being produced and the powder jet of automatic powder feeding device are positioned in induction heating district, realize the compound of laser thermal source and induction heating source; Utilize powder jet special cladding alloy powder to be blown in the molten bath of laser-induction composite cladding thermal source formation, after laser-induction composite cladding thermal source is removed, the cladding alloy powder rapid solidification crystallization of melting forms repairs cladding alloy powder coating.Wherein, the angle between the shaft element surface normal of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 35～45 °, and the shaft element surface vertical range of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 12～18 mm;
4, after laser-induction composite cladding is complete, move numerically-controlled machine along the vertical direction of laser scanning speed, its distance moving is laser spot diameter 40～70%;
5, whether the thickness of detection reparation cladding alloy powder coating reaches the requirement of expection, if do not had, by laser head along the Z-direction segment distance Δ Z that rises, this distance, delta Z is the thickness of a upper cladding alloy powder coating, then repeating step 2-4, reaches desired thickness until repair cladding alloy powder coating;
Cladding alloy powder chemistry composition of the present invention is (calculating by quality percentage composition): Cr:15.0～18.0%, B:3.0～4.5%, Si:3.0～4.5%, Al:5～10%, Fe≤5.0%, W:5.0～6.0%, Ni surplus;
The processing parameter of optical-fiber laser of the present invention is: hot spot bandwidth is 3 × 3 mm light beams, power 3000～6000 W, sweep velocity 6～10 mm/s, adjacent spots overlapping rate 20%～60% when multiple tracks cladding.
Self-protective paste for induction cladding coating of the present invention consists of (mass percent): silicon-dioxide 50%～65%, aluminum oxide 5%～10%, titanium dioxide 12%～15%, boric acid 10%～15%, aluminium powder 1%～10%, rare-earth oxidation bright-coloured 2%～8%.
Embodiment 3
The present invention seeks to realize like this:
1, through methylcellulose gum, self-protective paste for induction cladding coating is modulated into paste with binding agent and is coated in shaft element surface, after moulding, at 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, dry 2h.
2, the distance between the shaft element damaged part after high-frequency induction heating coil and moulding oven dry is controlled in 8～15 mm, regulate induction heating power, the temperature that makes the sensed heating of damaged part of shaft element is 200～1000 DEG C, utilizes copper pipe to be blown into Ar gas to induction heating district simultaneously;
3, laser beam optical fiber laser being produced and the powder jet of automatic powder feeding device are positioned in induction heating district, realize the compound of laser thermal source and induction heating source; Utilize powder jet special cladding alloy powder to be blown in the molten bath of laser-induction composite cladding thermal source formation, after laser-induction composite cladding thermal source is removed, the cladding alloy powder rapid solidification crystallization of melting forms repairs cladding alloy powder coating.Wherein, the angle between the shaft element surface normal of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 35～45 °, and the shaft element surface vertical range of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 17～20 mm;
4, after laser-induction composite cladding is complete, move numerically-controlled machine along the vertical direction of laser scanning speed, its distance moving is laser spot diameter 40～70%;
5, whether the thickness of detection reparation cladding alloy powder coating reaches the requirement of expection, if do not had, by laser head along the Z-direction segment distance Δ Z that rises, this distance, delta Z is the thickness of a upper cladding alloy powder coating, then repeating step 2-4, reaches desired thickness until repair cladding alloy powder coating;
Cladding alloy powder chemistry composition of the present invention is (calculating by quality percentage composition): Cr:17.0～20.0%, B:3.0～4.5%, Si:3.8～4.5%, Al:5～15%, Fe≤5.0%, W:4.0～6.0%, Ni surplus;
The processing parameter of optical-fiber laser of the present invention is: hot spot bandwidth is 3 × 3 mm light beams, power 3000～6000 W, sweep velocity 6～10 mm/s, adjacent spots overlapping rate 20%～60% when multiple tracks cladding.
Self-protective paste for induction cladding coating of the present invention consists of (mass percent): silicon-dioxide 56%～65%, aluminum oxide 8%～10%, titanium dioxide 10%～15%, boric acid 10%～20%, aluminium powder 5%～10%, rare-earth oxidation bright-coloured 2%～8%.
Claims (8)
1. the method for laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component; it is characterized in that: through methylcellulose gum, self-protective paste for induction cladding coating is modulated into paste with binding agent and is coated in shaft element surface, after moulding, at 150 DEG C～180 DEG C, dry 2h.
2. a kind of method of laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the distance between the shaft element damaged part after high-frequency induction heating coil and moulding oven dry is controlled in 2～15 mm, regulate induction heating power, the temperature that makes the sensed heating of damaged part of shaft element is 200～1000 DEG C, utilizes copper pipe to be blown into Ar gas to induction heating district simultaneously.
3. a kind of method of laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the laser beam that optical fiber laser is produced and the powder jet of automatic powder feeding device are positioned in induction heating district, realize the compound of laser thermal source and induction heating source; Utilize powder jet special cladding alloy powder to be blown in the molten bath of laser-induction composite cladding thermal source formation, after laser-induction composite cladding thermal source is removed, the cladding alloy powder rapid solidification crystallization of melting forms cladding alloy powder coating; Wherein, the angle between the shaft element surface normal of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 35～45 °, and the shaft element surface vertical range of powder jet and surface-coated self-protective paste is 12～20 mm.
4. a kind of method of laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after laser-induction composite cladding is complete, vertical direction along laser scanning speed moves numerically-controlled machine, and its distance moving is laser spot diameter 40～70%.
5. a kind of method of laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: whether the thickness that detects reparation cladding alloy powder coating reaches the requirement of expection, if do not had, by laser head along the Z-direction segment distance Δ Z that rises, this distance, delta Z is the thickness of a upper cladding alloy powder coating, then repeating step 2-4, reaches desired thickness until repair cladding alloy powder coating.
6. a kind of method of laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cladding alloy powder chemistry composition of the present invention is (calculating by quality percentage composition): Cr:15.0～20.0%, B:3.0～4.5%, Si:3.0～4.5%, Al:5～15%, Fe≤5.0%, W:4.0～6.0%, Ni surplus.
7. a kind of method of laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the processing parameter of described optical-fiber laser is: hot spot bandwidth is 3 × 3 mm light beams, power 3000～6000 W, sweep velocity 6～10 mm/s, adjacent spots overlapping rate 20%～60% when multiple tracks cladding.
8. a kind of method of laser-induction composite cladding prosthesis shaft type component according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: described self-protective paste for induction cladding coating consists of (mass percent): silicon-dioxide 50%～65%, aluminum oxide 5%～10%, titanium dioxide 10%～15%, boric acid 10%～20%, aluminium powder 1%～10%, rare-earth oxidation bright-coloured 2%～8%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104328430A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-02-04 | 北京工业大学 | Anticorrosion CuAlFeNi laser cladding coating layer material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104651831A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-05-27 | 毛玉莲 | Device for controlling surface induction cladding quality of shaft parts |
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Application publication date: 20140702 |