CN103890499A - System using solar energy - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
- F24D19/1078—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump and solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
- F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
- F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S2020/10—Solar modules layout; Modular arrangements
- F24S2020/17—Arrangements of solar thermal modules combined with solar PV modules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
Abstract
Provided is a system using solar energy in which solar energy use efficiency is improved over the prior art. The system using solar energy is provided with a solar cell (1) and obtains power from the solar cell (1), wherein the system using solar energy is characterized by being provided with the following: a first heat exchanger (2) for cooling the solar cell (1); a heat pump (3) connected to the first heat exchanger (2); a circulation pump (4) for causing a heat medium to circulate between the first heat exchanger (2) and the heat pump (3); and a flow rate control unit (5) for changing the flow rate of the circulation pump (4). Or, the system using solar energy is characterized by being provided with the following: a first heat exchanger (2) for cooling the solar cell (1); a second heat exchanger (3e) connected to the first heat exchanger (2); a circulation pump (4) for causing a heat medium to circulate between the first heat exchanger (2) and the second heat exchanger (3e); and a flow rate control unit (5) for changing the flow rate of the circulation pump (4).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy utilization system.
Background technology
The utilization that does not rely on the natural energy of fossil fuel receives publicity.For example there is the technology of utilizing sunshine in the time of heating water.As such technology, for example, hot-water heat collector by being connected in solar cell and liquid heat medium conduit disclosed in patent documentation 1 utilized the technology of sunshine.In addition, in patent documentation 2, disclose the surface installation solar cell at the direct expansion type heat exchanger of heat pump, sunshine has been utilized as to the technology of heating and hot-water supply heating energy.
Look-ahead technique document
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: Japanese kokai publication hei 5-66065 communique
Patent documentation 2: Japanese kokai publication hei 7-253249 communique
Summary of the invention
The problem that invention will solve
, the problem below existence in the disclosed technology of above-mentioned patent documentation.
In order to drive each mechanism of construction system, demand motive electric power.This electric power can become large electric power according to the difference of the operating condition of system.Therefore, sometimes according to the difference of operating condition, electric power consumption increases, and consumes the electric power more than generated energy based on solar cell.Its result, the utilization ratio of solar energy reduces sometimes.In addition, even if do not consume the electric power more than electric power being generated electricity, utilize disclosed system, energy efficiency is also still not enough.
The present invention proposes in view of above-mentioned problem, and its object is, a kind of solar energy utilization system of the utilization ratio that has improved solar energy compared with the past is provided.
For solving the means of problem
The result that the inventor concentrates on studies in order to solve above-mentioned problem, finds at least to possess heat exchanger and heat pump or other heat exchanger and circulating pump, can solve above-mentioned problem by controlling thermal medium internal circulating load, and complete the present invention.
The effect of invention
Can provide a kind of ratio to improve the solar energy utilization system of the utilization ratio of solar energy in the past.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the figure that represents the structure of the solar energy utilization system of the 1st embodiment.
Fig. 2 represents with respect to being supplied in the recovery heat of heat medium temperature of heat exchanger 2 and the figure of the generated energy of solar cell 1.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that represents the control of solar energy utilization system 100.
Fig. 4 is the figure that represents the structure of the solar energy utilization system of the 2nd embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the figure that represents the structure of the solar energy utilization system of the 3rd embodiment.
The specific embodiment
[1. the 1st embodiment]
< structure >
As shown in Figure 1, solar energy utilization system 100 possesses solar cell 1, is adjacent to (/ approach) and is located at heat exchanger 2, the heat pump 3 at the back side (face of the opposition side of solar light irradiation face) of solar cell and the pump 4 of being controlled by frequency converter (INV).And heat exchanger 2 and heat pump 3 are connected via pipe arrangement, thermal medium circulates between heat exchanger 2 and heat pump 3 by this pipe arrangement.In addition, the arrow mark in Fig. 1 represents the circulating direction of cold-producing medium, thermal medium and water (heated medium).
In addition, solar energy utilization system 100 possesses the s operation control portion 5 of the circulation of controlling thermal medium.Details aftermentioned, but particularly, s operation control portion 5 calculating energies utilize power consumption in system 100 and the generated energy of solar cell 1.And s operation control portion 5 is based on this result of calculation control pump 4, thus the circular flow of control thermal medium.
In addition, solar energy utilization system 100 also possesses temperature sensor 71, the temperature sensor 72 of measuring the temperature of the thermal medium being discharged from from heat exchanger 2 of measuring the current sensor 61 of electric current of solar cell 1 and the voltage sensor 62 of measuring voltage, measure the temperature of the thermal medium being discharged from from heat pump 3, measures the temperature sensor 79 of outside temperature (external air temperature) and measures the flow sensor 91 of the flow of the thermal medium being discharged from from heat exchanger 2.
In addition, solar energy utilization system 100 possesses the water being heated by heat pump 3 and the system of storing heated water supplied with.Particularly, solar energy utilization system 100 possesses by the pump 33 of Frequency Converter Control, the flow sensor 93 of measuring the flow of the water that is fed into heat pump 3, the temperature sensor 73 of measuring the temperature of the water that is fed into heat pump 3, the temperature sensor 74 of temperature of measuring the water (, heated water) being discharged from from heat pump 3 and the hot water supply tank 13 of the water that storage is discharged from from heat pump 3.
Below, explain each mechanism.
The energy conversion that solar cell 1 has sunshine is electric power, and supplies with to outside as electric power.In the present embodiment, the electric power obtaining is supplied with to not shown external load.In addition, in the present embodiment, the electric power obtaining is also used as driving the electric power of the each mechanism (such as heat pump 3, pump 4 etc.) that forms solar energy utilization system 100.
The cooling solar cell 1 of heat exchanger 2.Particularly, by making with respect to heat exchanger 1 medium passing that temperature is low, the heat that solar cell 1 is had is to thermal medium transmission, and the temperature of solar cell 1 reduces.In addition, the thermal medium (transmission has the hot thermal medium from solar cell 1) being discharged from from heat exchanger 2 is supplied with to heat pump 3 described later.In addition, thermal medium can be also water (even if also non-icing equipment is preferably set at low temperatures in addition), anti-icing fluid etc.In addition, can be also the gases such as carbon dioxide.
Heat pump 3 is the mechanisms that are supplied to the thermal medium being discharged from from heat exchanger 2.Heat pump 3 as shown in Figure 1, possesses evaporimeter 3a, compressor reducer 3b, condenser 3c and expansion valve 3d.Thermal medium is fed into evaporimeter 3a.And in heat pump 3, cold-producing medium circulates in the direction shown in Fig. 1.On the other hand, the water that is fed into heat pump 3 is supplied to condenser 3c.
Cold-producing medium in evaporimeter 3a after thermal medium has been accepted heat, compressed in compressor reducer 3b.Thus, cold-producing medium becomes the state of HTHP.And the cold-producing medium of HTHP is cooled in condenser 3c.The heat that, the cold-producing medium of HTHP has is to being supplied to heat pump 3(condenser 3c) water transmission.Thus, obtain heated water (hot water).The hot water obtaining is stored in hot water supply tank 13.On the other hand, the cold-producing medium being cooled, because expansion valve 3d expands, becomes the state of low-temp low-pressure.Afterwards, cold-producing medium is fed into evaporimeter 3a again.
In addition, in the present embodiment, in order to store the hot water that is suitable for the temperature using, control heat pump 3, so that the temperature of being measured by temperature sensor 74 becomes 45 ℃.
Pump 4 is mechanisms that thermal medium is circulated between heat exchanger 2 and heat pump 3.In addition, utilize pump 4 to change the internal circulating load of thermal medium.Pump 4 is by Frequency Converter Control, when thermal medium flow is many with high rotation speed operation.On the other hand, when thermal medium flow is few with low rotation speed operation.Such by the pump of Frequency Converter Control by using, can make rotation speed change according to flow.Thus, thermal medium flow suppresses the rotating speed of pump 4 when few, can cut down power consumption.
S operation control portion 5, via not shown electrical signal line, is connected with respect to each sensor (voltage sensor, voltage sensor, temperature sensor, flow sensor etc.), each pump and each mechanism (heat exchanger 2 etc.).And s operation control portion 5 accepts, from the row operation (calculating) of going forward side by side of the information (signal of telecommunication) of each sensor, each pump etc., based on operation result, to control the action of each pump, each mechanism.
S operation control portion 5 is a kind of modes that change the flow-control portion of the internal circulating load of thermal medium as control pump 4.That is, s operation control portion 5 possesses: be connected in each sensor, each pump and each mechanism, the Department of Communication Force 5a of the transmitting-receiving signal of telecommunication; Determine the best output operational part 5b in the thermal medium amount of heat exchanger 2 interior circulations; The simulation part 5c of the simulation generated energy of (calculating) solar cell 1 and the power consumption amount of solar energy utilization system 100; And control the control part 5d of the rotating speed (, frequency converter frequency) of each pump.The concrete control of aftermentioned s operation control portion 5.
S operation control portion 5 particularly possesses CPU(Central Processing Unit), ROM(Read Only Memory), RAM(Random Access Memory), HDD(Hard Disk Drive) etc. and be configured.
In addition, all can use device, mechanism arbitrarily as temperature sensor 71,72,73,74,79, flow sensor 91,93, current sensor 61, voltage sensor 62 and pump 4,33.
< controls >
First, the characteristic of solar cell 1 is described.
As shown in Figure 2, if the heat medium temperature of the entrance of heat exchanger 2 rises, the generated energy of solar cell 1 and the recovery heat reduction to thermal medium.More specifically, if inlet temperature rises, solar cell 1 is not by cooling fully, and the temperature of solar cell 1 raises.Therefore, the Efficiency Decreasing of solar cell 1, generated energy reduces.In addition, if inlet temperature rises, the temperature of solar cell 1 (surface temperature) raises.Therefore, rise from the heat dissipation capacity to extraneous air on solar cell 1 surface, reduce so be located at the recovery heat of the heat exchanger 2 at the back side of solar cell 1.
Then, with reference to Fig. 3, the control based on s operation control portion 5 in solar energy utilization system 100 is described on one side on one side.S operation control portion 5 controls the flow of the thermal medium that is fed into heat exchanger 2, to reduce as far as possible the power consumption of solar energy utilization system 100, and increases as far as possible the generated energy of solar cell 1.That is, control the supply flow rate of thermal medium heat exchanger 2, so that difference in solar energy utilization system 100, generated energy and power consumption becomes maximum.Below, specifically describe.
The positional information such as latitude and longitude in the place that first, solar cell 1 is set up is transfused to the best output operational part 5b(step S101 of s operation control portion 5).As this positional information, use input units such as not shown keyboard etc. to make the e-file that records positional information, input is recorded in the value in this e-file.In addition, the zero hour is simulated in input.And best output operational part 5b obtains measured value from current sensor 61, voltage sensor 62, each temperature sensor and each flow sensor.
And best output operational part 5b, according to the current value of measured solar cell 1 and magnitude of voltage, calculates the generated energy (step S102) based on solar cell 1.The generated energy being calculated is real generated energy.In addition, solar cell 1 is connected in not shown secondary cell.The electric power, being generated electricity by solar cell 1 is charged in secondary cell.Thus, electric current flows in solar cell 1.
And, the generated energy of best output operational part 5b based on being calculated, the surperficial temperature (step S103) of calculating solar cell 1.Here, the regulation formula (thermal balance, heat-transfer character) of the temperature of the generated energy of surface temperature based on about solar cell 1 and the thermal medium supplying with and discharge with respect to heat exchanger 2 and being calculated.
, best output operational part 5b, according to temperature sensor 71,72 and flow sensor 91, calculates the heat (, the heat exchange amount between solar cell 1 and heat exchanger 2) of being accepted thermal medium by heat exchanger 2.Particularly, measured the temperature of the thermal medium that heat medium temperature in the porch of heat exchanger 2 (, from specifically above-mentioned evaporimeter 3a of heat pump 3() is discharged from by temperature sensor 71).In addition, measure the heat medium temperature (, being fed into the temperature of the thermal medium of heat pump 3) in the exit of heat exchanger 2 by temperature sensor 72.And, calculating heat medium temperature poor of the entrance and exit of heat exchanger 2, the thermal medium flow of measuring according to this difference with by flow sensor 91, calculates the heat of being accepted thermal medium by heat exchanger 2.
And, consider to calculate and heat-transfer character, the intrasystem thermal balance etc. of the heat obtaining, the external air temperature being measured by temperature sensor 79, heat exchanger 2, calculate the surface temperature of solar cell 1.In addition, in step S103, except surface temperature, from solar cell 1 to extraneous air, the heat dissipation capacity of (being system), heat dissipation capacity from from heat exchanger 2 to extraneous air etc. are also calculated in the lump.
Afterwards, the latitude of best output operational part 5b based on being transfused in step S101, longitude, moment etc. are calculated the track of the sun, height and the azimuth of calculating the sun.And the surface temperature calculating according to the generated energy calculating in step S102 with in step S103, calculates the sunshine amount (step S104) to solar cell 1.This sunshine amount based on reflection solar cell 1 temperature-efficiency characteristic regulation formula and calculated.
After carrying out above calculating and obtaining generated energy, surface temperature and sunshine amount etc., best output operational part 5b sets the quantity delivered (step S105) of the thermal medium that is fed into heat exchanger 2., set the flow value of pump 4.In addition, the initial flow in present embodiment becomes the flow by pump 4 modifiable maximums.
Then, simulation part 5c carries out following control (step S106～step S111).
First, the temperature of thermal medium is transfused to simulation part 5c.Input is now used the method identical with the input method of above-mentioned step S101.But in the present embodiment, the external air temperature of being measured by temperature sensor 79 is set to heat medium temperature (outlet temperature of heat exchanger 2) (step S106).
And, the heat medium temperature based on being set and the thermal medium flow being set in step S105, the power consumption (step S107) of calculating pump 4.In addition, based on flow sensor 93, calculate similarly the power consumption (step S107) of pump 33.In addition, in the time calculating them, the flow based in pump that be calculated in advance, each and the relation of power consumption and carry out.
And, also calculate the power consumption (step S108) of heat pump 3., the characteristic of the heat pump 3 of simulation part 5c based on being set in advance, the outlet temperature of the thermal medium of the evaporimeter 3a in power consumption and the heat pump 3 of calculating heat pump 3.
In addition,, in the time of this calculating, inlet temperature and the flow of the inlet temperature of the condenser 3c in heat pump 3, outlet temperature, flow, evaporimeter 3a are used as parameter.In addition, inlet temperature, outlet temperature and the flow of the condenser 3c in heat pump 3 use respectively the measured value based on temperature sensor 73,74 and flow sensor 93.In addition, the flow of the thermal medium of evaporimeter 3a is the value set in step S105 (being the value of setting in step S113 after calculating for the 2nd time), and the inlet temperature of the thermal medium of evaporimeter 3a is the value (being the value of the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger 2 that calculated by step S109 after calculating for the 2nd time) of the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger 2 set by step S106.
The power consumption of the power consumption of the pump 4,33 based on obtaining in above step S107 and the heat pump 3 of obtaining in step S108, simulation part 5c calculates the generated energy of solar cell 1 and the thermal balance (step S109) of solar cell 1 and heat exchanger 2.First, calculate the surface temperature of solar cell 1.Concrete computational methods are identical with the method having illustrated in step S103.And, according to thermally equilibrated calculating, calculate the outlet temperature of heat exchanger 2, i.e. the inlet temperature of the thermal medium of the evaporimeter 3a of heat pump 3.In addition, calculated surface temperature is the estimated value of the thermal medium flow that is set in step S105 (being the thermal medium flow of setting in step S113 after calculating for the 2nd time).In addition, according to the surface temperature of solar cell 1, the regulation formula of the temperature-efficiency characteristic based on reflection solar cell 1, the generated energy of calculating solar cell 1.
In addition,, in the time of this calculating, the generated energy of sunshine amount, external air temperature, solar cell 1, the inlet temperature of thermal medium, flow are used as parameter.Sunshine amount uses the value calculating in step S104, the measured value of external air temperature serviceability temperature sensor 79.In addition, the generated energy of solar cell 1 uses the value (being the value calculating in this step S109 in last time after calculating for the 2nd time) calculating in step S102.In addition, the inlet temperature of the heat exchanger 2 of thermal medium is used the outlet temperature of the thermal medium of the evaporimeter 3a of the heat pump 3 calculating in step S108, and the flow of thermal medium uses the value (the 2nd time is the value being set in step S113 later) being set in step S105.The outlet temperature of the heat exchanger 2 of the thermal medium that calculating (reckoning) goes out in step S109 is stored in not shown storage part.
The outlet temperature of the heat exchanger 2 of the thermal medium calculating is stored, and on the other hand, simulation part 5c comparison (judgement) is the outlet temperature and the value (step S110) calculating specifically of the heat exchanger 2 of thermal medium when stored last computation.In addition, during due to first calculating, there is not comparison other, so do not judge.Whether the difference that particularly, simulation part 5c judges the value of stored last time and the value calculating is specifically for example, than the value predetermining (0.1 ℃ following) little (whether restraining).
The result that this convergence is judged, in the situation that being judged as not convergence (the "No" direction of step S110), carries out step S107～step S110 again, again restrains judgement.And, being judged as (the "Yes" direction of step S110) restrained in the situation that, enter step S111.And the generated energy calculating is poor with the power consumption calculating in step S107, S108, and is stored in not shown storage part (step S111).In addition, this difference is stored together with the flow being set in step S105.By the way,, if the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger of thermal medium 2 (estimated value) convergence, the inlet temperature of heat exchanger 2 (estimated value) also restrains.
Best output operational part 5b judges whether the flow being set in step S105 is the minimum flow of setting (step S112) of pump 4.In the present embodiment, in step S105, when starting, running sets by maximum stream flow.Thereby, after calculating for the 1st time, advance along the "No" direction of step S112.And, make the flow of thermal medium reduce (step S113) with the amplitude of regulation, the flow after minimizing is set (step S105) again.Afterwards, repeating step S106～S112.
In step S112, the flow being set in step S105 is minimum flow, advances along the "Yes" direction of step S112.And best computing efferent 5b all compares (step S114) to the value of the difference of being stored by simulation part 5c.Relatively, best computing efferent 5b extracts poor flow when becoming electric power minimum, that can take out to outside and becoming maximum, to outside output (step S115).In addition, this as being both shown in display, also can be directly communicated to control part 5d and control pump 4 to outside output example.In this embodiment, this is directly communicated to control part 5d and control pump 4 to outside output.
< effect >
According to above solar energy utilization system 100, can be to greatest extent take out the electric power of supplying with by the power consumption of sunshine amount, pump and heat pump, key element decision from from solar cell 1 surface to complexity such as outside heat radiations to outside.Therefore, can seek the more high efficiency utilization of solar energy.
In addition, in the above description, be illustrated as main take the circulation of thermal medium, but flow (to the water supply of heat pump 3) of the water of being controlled by pump 33 is not particularly limited.Thereby, as long as suitable control pump 33 grades become desirable temperature and reserves so that be stored in temperature and the reserves of the water of hot water supply tank 13.
[2. the 2nd embodiment]
The structure of solar energy utilization system 200 then, is described with reference to Fig. 4.The mechanism that represents the mechanism identical with the solar energy utilization system 100 of Fig. 1 is marked to identical Reference numeral, omit its detailed explanation.
Solar energy utilization system 200 replaces heat pump 3 and replaces and possess heat exchanger 3e.The place that arranges of solar energy utilization system is for example in the situations such as annual hot place such as torrid areas, and the annual temperature that is fed into the thermal medium of heat exchanger 2 improves.Therefore,, by by heat exchanger 3e, water directly being transmitted to solar heat, heating water fully, without heat pump is set.Thereby, by using the power consumption heat exchanger fewer than heat pump, can suppress the power consumption of solar energy utilization system 200.
In addition, from promoting solar cell 1 cooling and promoting the viewpoint of the generating efficiency of solar cell 1, also can be configured to, the thermal medium being discharged from from heat exchanger 3e is cooling by not shown cooler, and this thermal medium being cooled is fed into heat exchanger 2.Now, can not also cooling based on cooler, but cooling (i.e. heat radiation) based on natural heat dissipation.
In addition, in solar energy utilization system 200, also can similarly control with the flow process shown in Fig. 3.
[3. the 3rd embodiment]
Then,, with reference to Fig. 5, the structure of solar energy utilization system 300 is described.The mechanism that represents the mechanism identical with the solar energy utilization system 100 of Fig. 1 is marked to identical Reference numeral, omit its detailed explanation.In addition, in Fig. 5,13 considerations of hot water supply tank are convenient to be shown in paper and are the mode of growing crosswise, but are actually lengthwise (growing in vertical) mode.
In solar energy utilization system 300, possesses the temperature sensor 73～78,81～84 of the temperature of measuring each position.Also possess the water of each position of control or pump 32～37 flow of thermal medium, Frequency Converter Control.And possesses the flow sensor 92～97 of the flow of measuring each position.Because these are all the mechanisms with the mechanism's identical function illustrating with Fig. 1, so description thereof is omitted.
In solar energy utilization system 300, the thermal medium being discharged from from heat exchanger 2 is temporarily stored in to high temperature thermal medium tank 11.And, be fed into heat pump 14,16 and heat exchanger 15 the thermal medium branch being stored.And, after water having been supplied with to heat by heat pump 14,16 and heat exchanger 15, be stored in low-temperature heat medium tank 12.Afterwards, the thermal medium that is stored in low-temperature heat medium tank is fed into heat exchanger 2 again.
In addition, heat pump 14,16 possesses the structure identical with the heat pump 3 shown in Fig. 1.Thereby, omit the explanation to heat pump 14,16.
In the present embodiment, in the either party of heat pump 14 and Re Jiao Change device 15, the temperature of the water being discharged from (temperature of being measured by temperature sensor 74,76) is all set to 45 ℃.Thereby, in the case of the heat medium temperature in high temperature thermal medium tank 11 be more than 46 ℃, this thermal medium heat exchanger 15 is supplied with.Such situation is for example the situation that the external air temperature measured by temperature sensor 79 is high (is for example summer, place is set be torrid areas etc.).On the other hand, the in the situation that of 46 ℃ of less thaies, supply with to heat pump 14.Like this, supply with or heat exchanger 15 is supplied with to heat pump 14 by selecting according to the temperature in high temperature thermal medium tank 11, can avoid futile energy consumption and heating water reliably.Thermal medium is supplied with the selection of destination and is undertaken by control pump 32,34.
That is, the temperature of thermal medium be more than setting (being 46 ℃ in above-mentioned example), due to without promoting the temperature of thermal medium, thus thermal medium as long as heat exchanger 15 supply with.On the other hand, at the not enough setting of the temperature of thermal medium, the shortage of heat for heating water (at above-mentioned example until 45 ℃), thermal medium is supplied with to heat pump 14.Like this, by supplying with thermal medium according to the temperature of the thermal medium being discharged from from heat exchanger 2 to heat pump 14 or heat exchanger 15, can cut down the power consumption of heat pump 14.Thereby, can provide energy efficiency better solar energy utilization system.
But, in order to be 45 ℃ by the temperature control of the outlet of the heat exchanger of water 15, need to adjust the flow of thermal medium.Therefore, the imperial device 110 of PID system is connected to temperature sensor 76 and the pump 34 of the temperature of measuring the water being discharged from from heat exchanger 15 via electrical signal line.
Like this, by measuring the temperature control pump 34 on one side of discharging water by temperature sensor 76 on one side, water can be heated to 45 ℃., in the case of the temperature measured by temperature sensor 76 is lower than 45 ℃, as long as control pump 34 and increase thermal medium flow, in the situation that temperature is higher than 45 ℃, needs only the control that pump 34 is reduced to thermal medium flow.Thus, heating water reliably, so that the temperature of water becomes 45 ℃.
In addition,, in solar energy utilization system 300, thermal medium is also fed into heat pump 16.And water or other fluid is to the direction circulation in opposite directions of the circulating direction with respect to this thermal medium.Therefore, in heat pump 16, carry out in the same manner heat exchange with heat pump 14, the thermal medium having been conducted heat is fed into fan coil unit 17.Thus, warm air is discharged from from fan coil unit 17.That is, according to solar energy utilization system 300, can utilize simultaneously sunshine to outside electric power supply, hot water supply and heat these 3.
In addition, the temperature and the flow that are fed into the water of heat pump 14 and heat exchanger 15 are not particularly limited, as long as similarly set with above-mentioned solar energy utilization system 100.In addition, the control of each pump, heat exchanger 2,15 and heat pump 14,16 etc. if with the control of the solar energy utilization system 100 having illustrated with reference to Fig. 3 similarly.
[4. modification]
In the 3rd embodiment illustrating shown in Fig. 5, PID system is driven to device 110 for the control to heat exchanger 15, but also can be for the control of heat pump 14 or heat pump 16.In addition, even the imperial device 110 of such PID system also can similarly arrange in the 2nd embodiment shown in the 1st embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4.In addition, also can control according to the temperature of the temperature of the water being supplied to rather than the water being discharged from.Even if so also bring into play same effect., also can control according to the temperature of the fluid of the heating targets such as water the quantity delivered (supply flow rate) of thermal medium.
In addition, also can suitably carry out PID and control the control such as FEEDBACK CONTROL or FEEDFORWARD CONTROL in addition.
In addition, in the present embodiment, carry out the flow-control based on pump 4 by the rotation control based on frequency converter, but also can not adopt frequency converter, and common pump and air door or flow rate regulating valve are set, make changes in flow rate by the aperture of air door or the aperture of flow rate regulating valve etc.Under these circumstances, be also equivalent to " control of the flow (internal circulating load) based on circulating pump ".
The explanation of Reference numeral
1 solar cell
2 heat exchangers (the 1st heat exchanger)
3 heat pumps
3e heat exchanger (the 2nd heat exchanger)
4 pumps are (by the pump of Frequency Converter Control; Circulating pump)
5 s operation control portions (flow-control portion)
14 heat pumps (side in one group of heat pump and heat exchanger)
15 heat exchangers (side in one group of heat pump and heat exchanger)
16 heat pumps
100 solar energy utilization system
200 solar energy utilization system
300 solar energy utilization system
Claims (7)
1. a solar energy utilization system, possesses solar cell, obtains electric power from above-mentioned solar cell, it is characterized in that,
This solar energy utilization system possesses:
The 1st heat exchanger, cooling above-mentioned solar cell;
Heat pump, is connected in above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger;
Circulating pump circulates thermal medium between above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger and above-mentioned heat pump; And
Flow-control portion, controls above-mentioned circulating pump and changes the internal circulating load of thermal medium.
2. solar energy utilization system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned flow-control portion is the flow that calculates the thermal medium of circulation, and above-mentioned circulating pump control is become to the s operation control portion of the flow being calculated,
The power consumption of above-mentioned solar energy utilization system and the generated energy based on above-mentioned solar cell calculate in above-mentioned s operation control portion, and control the flow of the thermal medium based on above-mentioned circulating pump, make the power consumption that calculates and the difference of generated energy become maximum.
3. a solar energy utilization system, possesses solar cell, obtains electric power from above-mentioned solar cell, it is characterized in that,
This solar energy utilization system possesses:
The 1st heat exchanger, cooling above-mentioned solar cell;
The 2nd heat exchanger, is connected in above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger;
Circulating pump circulates thermal medium between above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger and above-mentioned the 2nd heat exchanger; And
Flow-control portion, controls above-mentioned circulating pump and changes the internal circulating load of thermal medium.
4. solar energy utilization system according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned flow-control portion is the flow that calculates the thermal medium of circulation, and above-mentioned circulating pump control is become to the s operation control portion of the flow being calculated,
The power consumption of above-mentioned solar energy utilization system and the generated energy based on above-mentioned solar cell calculate in above-mentioned s operation control portion, and control the flow of the thermal medium based on above-mentioned circulating pump, make the power consumption that calculates and the difference of generated energy become maximum.
5. according to the solar energy utilization system described in claim 2 or 4, it is characterized in that,
The heat exchange amount between heat dissipation capacity and above-mentioned solar cell and above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger from above-mentioned solar cell to extraneous air calculates in above-mentioned flow-control portion.
6. according to the solar energy utilization system described in any one in claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,
This solar energy utilization system possesses the one group of heat pump in parallel and the heat exchanger that are connected in above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger,
According to the temperature of the thermal medium being discharged from from above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger, the either party in above-mentioned one group of heat pump and heat exchanger supplies with thermal medium.
7. according to the solar energy utilization system described in any one in claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,
According to the temperature of the fluid of the heating target based on thermal medium, control the flow of thermal medium.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011223365A JP5779070B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2011-10-07 | Solar energy utilization system |
| JP2011-223365 | 2011-10-07 | ||
| PCT/JP2012/075763 WO2013051642A1 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2012-10-04 | System using solar energy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103890499A true CN103890499A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
Family
ID=48043795
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280048513.9A Pending CN103890499A (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2012-10-04 | System using solar energy |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5779070B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103890499A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB201314899D0 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2014CN02534A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG11201401315TA (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013051642A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104197517A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-10 | 江苏双志新能源有限公司 | Multidirectional heat-absorbing light-energy heat pump |
| CN105811877A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-27 | 苏州大美节能科技有限公司 | Multi-stage heat-exchange type photovoltaic photo-thermal combined supply system |
| CN105978482A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-09-28 | 河海大学常州校区 | Novel air-cooled PV/T system based on improvement of solar photovoltaic thermal efficiency |
| CN106026911A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 河海大学常州校区 | Temperature-controlled phase change cooling photovoltaic assembly and system |
| CN106683555A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-17 | 贵州大学 | Real-time emulation model and device of solar photovoltaic photothermal comprehensive utilization system |
| CN109286367A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-29 | 广东南控电力有限公司 | A kind of controllable temperature photovoltaic system |
| CN110286591A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-27 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of feed-forward and feedback composite control method and the investigating method based on this method |
| CN110986388A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 吴美君 | Intelligent solar photovoltaic photo-thermal collector and control method thereof |
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| JP6116096B2 (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2017-04-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Dehumidification system |
| KR101707926B1 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-02-28 | 한국건설생활환경시험연구원 | Performance Meter for Measuring the Performance of a Photovoltaic Module or Photovoltaic Mock-up |
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| KR102048257B1 (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2019-11-25 | (주)동호엔지니어링 | Energy saving control system and method for low-capacity solar system |
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| CN104197517A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-10 | 江苏双志新能源有限公司 | Multidirectional heat-absorbing light-energy heat pump |
| CN105811877A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-27 | 苏州大美节能科技有限公司 | Multi-stage heat-exchange type photovoltaic photo-thermal combined supply system |
| CN105978482A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-09-28 | 河海大学常州校区 | Novel air-cooled PV/T system based on improvement of solar photovoltaic thermal efficiency |
| CN106026911A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 河海大学常州校区 | Temperature-controlled phase change cooling photovoltaic assembly and system |
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| CN106683555A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-17 | 贵州大学 | Real-time emulation model and device of solar photovoltaic photothermal comprehensive utilization system |
| CN109286367A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-29 | 广东南控电力有限公司 | A kind of controllable temperature photovoltaic system |
| CN109286367B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-06-05 | 广东南控电力有限公司 | Temperature-controllable photovoltaic system |
| CN110286591A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-27 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of feed-forward and feedback composite control method and the investigating method based on this method |
| CN110986388A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 吴美君 | Intelligent solar photovoltaic photo-thermal collector and control method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2013083397A (en) | 2013-05-09 |
| GB201314899D0 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
| JP5779070B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| SG11201401315TA (en) | 2014-09-26 |
| IN2014CN02534A (en) | 2015-06-26 |
| WO2013051642A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
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