CN103886205A - Metering method capable of fairly determining basic heat charge - Google Patents
Metering method capable of fairly determining basic heat charge Download PDFInfo
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- CN103886205A CN103886205A CN201410112586.0A CN201410112586A CN103886205A CN 103886205 A CN103886205 A CN 103886205A CN 201410112586 A CN201410112586 A CN 201410112586A CN 103886205 A CN103886205 A CN 103886205A
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Abstract
The invention provides a metering method capable of fairly determining the basic heat charge. The metering method comprises the first step of determining the minimum standard of national heat supplying, the second step of calculating the outdoor wall heat dissipating amount of a heat supplying stopping house and the heat dissipating increasing amount of adjacent houses of each degree within +/-6 DEG C of the minimum standard of the national heat supplying, the third step of determining the minimum heat supplying temperature of the heat supplying stopping house, and the fourth step of using the heat consumption amount as the basis of charging the basic heat charge namely the heat loss charge of the heat supplying stopping house, wherein the heat consumption amount is metered based on the on-off time method according to day parting under the situation that the minimum temperature is determined. By means of the scheme, the basic heat charge namely the heat loss charge has the specific standard and explanation and can be metered, and the effect on the adjacent houses is minimal; as for heat supplying houses and the whole heat supplying system, the minimum temperature of the heat supplying stopping house is kept, and the heat conduction among the houses can be reduced to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Heating,Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) heat expense field of measuring techniques, in particular a kind of justice is determined the metering method of basal heat expense.
Background technology
Basal heat takes, and claims again heat energy loss workmen's compensation, is called heat waste expense for short in a lot of North Cities.Why there is basal heat to take one and say, come from the singularity of central heating industry: heat has conduction, in heat supplying process, have the phenomenon by Xiang Tinggong family, hot family transferring heat energy.Therefore the policy of imposing uniformity without examining individual cases is put into effect in some cities, allow and stop handing over the expense of 30%-50% as basal heat expense for user.
The charge reason of heat supply company:
One, stop can user and whole system up and down be brought to larger energy resource consumption for family, take supply heating enterprise by basal heat, can ensure better the interests with hot family.
Two, by the relation of heat side and heat supply side, and unlike as the relation of common buyer and seller " is bought one pair one " simply.Reason is, wherein some expense is changeless, and whether resident family all will occur by heat, stop for just this part cost having been consumed in vain, so for thermal unit need to resident family stop for time receive this part expense.
Three, the existing management system of central heating industry, that diversification participates in, enterprise's profit-and-loss responsibility, never allow report to stop to allowing report to stop, vacant room grows out of nothing, a large amount of existence and rising year by year till now, the great variety of this heat supply market environment, consequent new problem should solve by legislation in time.
Basal heat expense should be handed over or not, stops all handling and stopping having supplied for family, also will pay to heating company, and a lot of northern residents can't come round to the idea this regulation.And heat waste consumption is difficult to survey, the standard that neither one is concrete and explanation, user is difficult to understand and accept, and carries out the more indigestion and accept basal heat expense of user of household-based heat metering, makes heat metering be difficult to promote and carries out.
Therefore, there is defect in prior art, needs to improve.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of justice to determine the metering method of basal heat expense.
According to current China HVAC design and installation standard, for meeting the requirements of design temperature (comfort level), in apratment building, be often provided with per family the not radiator of grade of quantity that can reach same design temperature, the user who is position unfavorable (limit, roof, north orientation) can fill heating installation more, for equal area but the different resident families in position, the heat of the unfavorable resident family in its position actual consumption is many, but the temperature reaching (comfort level) resident family favourable with position is the same, digital control heat supply managing and measurement Law make-and-break time metering method at times by the fair metering of this principle.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Justice is determined a metering method for basal heat expense, wherein, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: determine national heat supply minimum standard;
Step 2: in national heat supply minimum standard ± 6 ℃, calculate each temperature and stop for the recruitment of dispelling the heat between the outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity at family and the family at adjacent family;
Step 3: determine and stop for indoor minimum heat supply temperature;
Step 4: to determine under lowest temperature condition by the thermal losses of the i.e. make-and-break time method metering at times of digital control heat supply managing and measurement Law, to stop for family basal heat expense be the foundation of heat waste expense as collecting this.
Described metering method, wherein, determine in described step 3 that stopping for indoor minimum heat supply temperature is that dispel the heat between the family by outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and the adjacent family value impact of recruitment is minimum, and entirety is determined with heat is minimum.
Described metering method, to determine under lowest temperature condition by the thermal losses of make-and-break time method metering at times, wherein, the recruitment of dispelling the heat between described family is the summation of recruitment of dispelling the heat between recruitment and family, left and right of dispelling the heat between upper and lower family.
Minimum heat supply temperature described in described step 3 is 16 degree, 17 degree or 18 degree.
Adopt such scheme, making basal heat expense is that heat waste expense has had concrete standard and explained and can measure, on the minimum that affects at adjacent family; To heat supply user and whole heating system, stop keeping minimum temperature for user, can reduce between family and conduct heat to greatest extent, namely reducing heat waste expense is basal heat expense, guarantee the thermal stability of whole system, make to use minimum heat, maintain whole building system and reach the requirement of design temperature; To set the thermal losses of measuring under lowest temperature condition, as collecting this, to stop for family basal heat expense be the foundation of heat waste expense, can ensure better the interests with hot family, reduce the loss of heating enterprise, transfer stops the enthusiasm for family heat-insulating and cold, reduces the actual expenses stopping for family, allows and stops can accept on the basis of the voluntary equality of transaction for family, make household-based heat metering work be advanced and put into effect, give full play to the decisive role of heat metering in market readjustment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The basis of the present invention research and development is that how on the basis of the voluntary equality of transaction, to collect basal heat expense be heat waste expense, provide a kind of justice to determine that basal heat expense is the metering method of heat waste expense, make to stop the minimum that affects for Dui Yongre family, family and system, ensure better the interests with hot family, solution stops the larger energy resource consumption that supplies Dui Yongre family, family and whole system to bring, and makes consumer enjoy the right of autonomous selection commodity or service.
An example in computing method in the present invention, * 12m(depth as shown in Figure 1: calculate wide take 6m()) apartment 1 of * 3m (height) is example, to stop for family 101, stop for family 102 and stop for family 103 as research object, stop being assumed to heat supply family for family periphery, enclosure structure heat transfer coefficient and window-wall ratio are all as follows by unified standard result of calculation:
While supplying family 101 to keep 18 ℃ as stopped, stopping for outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity is 573w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at two families, left and right is 0w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 0w.
While supplying family 101 to keep 17 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 25w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at two families, left and right is 26w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 43w.
While supplying family 101 to keep 16 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 50w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at two families, left and right is 52w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 86w.
While supplying family 101 to keep 15 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 75w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at two families, left and right is 78w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 129w.
While supplying family 101 to keep 14 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 100w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at two families, left and right is 104w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 172w.
While supplying family 101 to keep 13 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 125w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at two families, left and right is 130w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 215w.
While supplying family 101 to keep 12 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 150w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at two families, left and right is 156w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 258w.
Stop spending from the 18 degree-12 every declines 1 of degree for family 101, whole heating system energy consumption increases certain number percent, reach heat radiation and in a basic balance from facing family heat-obtaining while spending until stop being reduced to 12 for family, determine that the family hot temperature degree stopping for family 101 is that 18 degree are best minimum temperature so calculate.
While supplying family 102 to keep 18 ℃ as stopped, stopping for outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity is 917w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 0w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 0w.
While supplying family 102 to keep 17 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 45w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 13w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 43w.
While supplying family 102 to keep 16 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 90w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 26w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 86w.
While supplying family 102 to keep 15 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 135w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 39w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 129w.
While supplying family 102 to keep 14 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 180w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 52w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 172w.
While supplying family 102 to keep 13 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 225w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 65w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 215w.
While supplying family 102 to keep 12 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 270w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 78w, and upper and lower two heat dissipation capacities that increase between are in every family 258w.
Stop spending from the 18 degree-12 every declines 1 of degree for family 102, whole heating system energy consumption also increases certain number percent on a small quantity, determines that the family hot temperature degree stopping for family 102 is that 17 degree are best minimum temperature so calculate.
While supplying family 103 to keep 18 ℃ as stopped, stopping for outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity is 1490w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 0w, and the heat dissipation capacity increasing between in every family is below 0w.
While supplying family 103 to keep 17 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 90w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 26w, and the heat dissipation capacity increasing between in every family is below 22w.
While supplying family 103 to keep 16 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 180w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 26w, and the heat dissipation capacity increasing between in every family is below 43w.
While supplying family 103 to keep 15 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 270w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 39w, and the heat dissipation capacity increasing between in every family is below 65w.
While supplying family 103 to keep 14 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 360w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 52w, and the heat dissipation capacity increasing between in every family is below 86w.
While supplying family 103 to keep 13 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 450w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 65w, and the heat dissipation capacity increasing between in every family is below 106w.
While supplying family 103 to keep 12 ℃ as stopped, the heat dissipation capacity of stopping reducing for outdoor wall is 540w; The heat dissipation capacity simultaneously increasing between the family at family, the right is 78w, and the heat dissipation capacity increasing between in every family is below 129w.
Stop spending from the 18 degree-12 every declines 1 of degree for family 103, whole heating system energy consumption reduces certain number percent on the contrary, but reduce again temperature, facing the load at family has overdrawed too much, also have most district heating management method regulations, user's indoor heating temperature in Heating Period, under normal operation must not be lower than 16 ℃.So show that the family hot temperature degree stopping for family 103 is that 16 degree are best minimum temperature.
In sum, draw as calculated and determine that the family hot temperature degree stopping for family is that 16-18 degree is best minimum temperature, whole system power consumption can not increase substantially, and wherein 18 when spend, and the power consumption of whole heating system can not be lost.But along with people to residence comfort require raising and the widespread use of energy-saving and heat-insulating material, resident's heating temperature is generally higher than 18 ℃, reach 20 ℃-24 ℃, in the case, the heat that stops consuming for family also can further decline, this point is more favourable to stopping for family, and concerning heat supply family, the heat of consumption is just more.So higher comfort level is pursued at heat supply family, is to pay higher cost, therefore heat supply family also should maintain more cost saving of design temperature as far as possible.On the basis of foregoing, suppose the heat charge of every square, somewhere by area be 25 yuan every square annual, 100 square metres of certain each households, 2500 yuan of annual payments, if this user stops supplying, will pay 750 yuan of 30% expenses, take as basal heat, if do not take cold-proof heat insulation measure, the heat shedding from this family, runs far deeper than 750 yuans, the more important thing is and will affect its neighboring user and whole heating system up and down, bring larger energy resource consumption to whole system, make the neighboring user up and down of stopping for family not reach heating temperature requirement.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the invention provides the metering method that a kind of justice determines that basal heat takes, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: determine national heat supply minimum standard;
Step 2: in national heat supply minimum standard ± 6 ℃, calculate each temperature and stop for the recruitment of dispelling the heat between the outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity at family and the family at adjacent family;
Step 3: determine and stop for indoor minimum heat supply temperature;
Step 4: to determine under lowest temperature condition by the thermal losses of make-and-break time method metering at times, to stop for family basal heat expense be the foundation of heat waste expense as collecting this.
In described step 3, determine that stopping for indoor minimum heat supply temperature is that dispel the heat between the family by outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and the adjacent family value impact of recruitment is minimum, and entirety is determined with heat is minimum.
In described step 3, determine that stopping for indoor minimum heat supply temperature is the value of recruitment of dispelling the heat between the family by outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and adjacent family, is no more than 573W-618W is advisable by being calculated as of last embodiment.
The recruitment of dispelling the heat between described family is the summation of recruitment of dispelling the heat between recruitment and family, left and right of dispelling the heat between upper and lower family.If do not there is not upper family, lower family, Huo You family, left family, while calculating between family heat dissipation capacity, count 0.Minimum heat supply temperature described in described step 3 is 16 degree, 17 degree or 18 degree.When namely minimum temperature is worth for these, the recruitment of dispelling the heat between the family at its outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and adjacent family minimum, consumes energy minimum.
Adopt such scheme, making basal heat expense is that heat waste expense has had concrete standard and explained and can measure, on the minimum that affects at adjacent family, collecting basal heat expense with existing precentagewise is that compared with heat waste is taken, expense is also lower, so stop can accept on the basis of the voluntary equality of transaction for user.To heat supply user and whole heating system, stop keeping minimum temperature for user, can reduce between family and conduct heat to greatest extent, namely reducing heat waste expense is basal heat expense, guarantee the thermal stability of whole system, make to use minimum heat, maintain whole building system and reach the requirement of design temperature.Collecting basal heat expense with existing precentagewise is compared with heat waste is taken, precentagewise is collected, stop just equaling to have opened individual skylight to whole building system for family, increase area of dissipation to whole building system, although it is basal heat expense that precentagewise has been collected the heat waste expense of stopping for family, but stop can consume more heat for the neighboring user up and down at family and maintain design temperature, the ability of their heating equipment does not often reach requirement, therefore can involve whole system and consume all also many heats of heating than whole users, still the requirement that whole building system does not all reach design temperature, stop for the neighboring user at family the most serious, therefore stop to be all subject to loss for He Yongre family, family and heating enterprise.Particularly whole building structure, because of uneven in temperature, very easily cause temperature deformation and ftractures, and affects the serviceable life of whole building.And to set under lowest temperature condition, to determine under lowest temperature condition by the thermal losses of make-and-break time method metering at times, as collecting this, to stop for family basal heat expense be the foundation of heat waste expense, can ensure better the interests with hot family, reduce the loss of heating enterprise, transfer stops the enthusiasm for family heat-insulating and cold, reduce the actual expenses stopping for family, allow and stop can accept on the basis of the voluntary equality of transaction for family, make household-based heat metering work be advanced and put into effect, give full play to the decisive role of heat metering in market readjustment.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. justice is determined a metering method for basal heat expense, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: determine national heat supply minimum standard;
Step 2: in national heat supply minimum standard ± 6 ℃, calculate each temperature and stop for the recruitment of dispelling the heat between the outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity at family and the family at adjacent family;
Step 3: determine and stop for indoor minimum heat supply temperature;
Step 4: to determine under lowest temperature condition by the thermal losses of make-and-break time method metering at times, to stop for family basal heat expense be the foundation of heat waste expense as collecting this.
2. metering method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, determine that stopping for indoor minimum heat supply temperature is that dispel the heat between the family by outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and the adjacent family value impact of recruitment is minimum in described step 3, and entirety is determined with heat is minimum.
3. metering method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the recruitment of dispelling the heat between described family is the summation of recruitment of dispelling the heat between recruitment and family, left and right of dispelling the heat between upper and lower family.
4. metering method as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, minimum heat supply temperature described in described step 3 is 16 degree, 17 degree or 18 degree.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112581112A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Time-period-classified stepped heat charge metering method and device |
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| CN1900859A (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2007-01-24 | 程玉明 | Digital control heat supply managing and metering technical method |
| KR20140010579A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-27 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Apparatus and method for evaluating building energy performance |
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2014
- 2014-03-25 CN CN201410112586.0A patent/CN103886205B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1900859A (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2007-01-24 | 程玉明 | Digital control heat supply managing and metering technical method |
| KR20140010579A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-27 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Apparatus and method for evaluating building energy performance |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 廖嘉瑜 等: "住宅分户计量采暖系统与按热量计费技术的研究", 《节能》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112581112A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Time-period-classified stepped heat charge metering method and device |
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| CN103886205B (en) | 2017-06-23 |
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