CN107274303A - Intelligent management and control technology platform for urban heat supply energy consumption - Google Patents

Abstract

The intelligent management and control technology platform for urban heating energy consumption is aimed at temperature regulation at the user end, with the entire pipe network heating equipment regulation as the core, and builds software and hardware platforms for heat users, heat exchange stations, and heating management command centers. Heat user part, including software and hardware design of smart control valve, smart thermostat and wall embedded terminal; heat exchange station part includes primary and secondary pipe network temperature, pressure and flow monitoring, heat exchanger, circulation The control of water pumps, etc.; the part of the heating management command center provides staff with system management support through an intuitive interface, and provides users with services such as heating cost inquiries. The thermostat in each room provides users with the temperature control service of this room, and collects the collected data of this room to the embedded terminal device in the wall of the home end through power carrier technology, providing users with the temperature control service of the whole family . The aggregated data is sent to the building data aggregation terminal via the power carrier, and then aggregated to the heating management command center through the heat exchange station through the GPRS module.

Description

Intelligent management and control technology platform for urban heating energy consumption

technical field

The invention is a real-time dynamic energy consumption operation monitoring system developed for urban central heating energy consumption pipe network. It is mainly used to provide heating decision-making plans and remote intelligent control of technical support for heating-related links for heating companies and heating stations; to provide end-users with heat-use decision-making plans to achieve the goals of low-carbon heating and high-efficiency heat utilization .

Background technique

The energy industry is a new type of industry that involves energy conservation and environmental protection. Under the situation of increasingly tense energy utilization, countries all over the world have placed the energy conservation industry in a prominent and important position, and invested a lot of money in research on energy conservation and environmental protection measures, thus bringing the industry's With rapid development, energy-saving devices and technologies are changing with each passing day. In the "Energy Conservation Law of the People's Republic of my country" promulgated in 1997, it is clearly stated that it is necessary to promote energy-saving technological progress, reduce energy consumption per unit output value and unit product energy consumption, improve energy development, processing conversion, transmission and supply, and gradually increase energy utilization. efficiency and promote the development of the national economy towards energy conservation. In the executive meeting of the State Council in 2007, it was decided to publish the "Regulations on Energy Conservation of Civil Buildings (Draft)" to the public for comments. The "Draft" clearly states that the state actively promotes the reform of the heating system, improves the heating price formation mechanism, encourages the development of centralized heating, and gradually implements the system of charging according to the amount of heat used. For energy saving in new buildings, the "Draft" stipulates that buildings that implement centralized heating should be installed with individual indoor temperature control devices, and install individual building or individual heat metering devices and heating system control devices; for existing building energy conservation, " The draft is particularly clear that "for energy-saving renovation of residential buildings that implement centralized heating, heat metering devices for individual buildings or households and heating system control devices should be installed." It can be seen from this that the country's firm determination to build an energy-saving society and its intention to reform the urban heating system.

According to the "2007 Annual Report on Building Energy Conservation Development" held by Tsinghua University, heating energy consumption accounts for the vast majority of urban building energy consumption in northern China, accounting for 40% of the country's total building energy consumption. With the continuous acceleration of urbanization, urban heating networks will continue to expand. According to the current development speed, if no energy-saving measures are taken, heating energy consumption will reach 300 million tons of standard coal per year by 2020. Among the reasons for the low efficiency of the central heating system in our country, the following reasons cannot be ignored:

(1) Low heat source efficiency: Improve the recovery and utilization of heat source waste heat, and realize dynamic adjustment of heat source power according to the heat load change of the whole system, which can improve heat source efficiency.

(2) Lack of long-term room temperature adjustment mechanism: At present, most users do not have room temperature adjustment devices, and there are cases of opening windows to dissipate heat.

(3) Lack of efficient heat measurement methods: the heat distribution meter method requires a large investment; the heat meter method is difficult to maintain and the installation efficiency is low, making it difficult to promote the use of both; the traditional area method lacks fairness and is not accepted by users; time on-off The use of flow method and flow method is limited, and the requirements for water quality are relatively high.

(4) The system control strategy is not perfect: the output heat of the heat source center and the heat station should change with the change of the load, and the sub-systems of the central heating system at all levels should implement combined operation control. Only in this way can the energy saving of the entire central heating system be realized.

The central heating system of heating is widely used in northern my country, and the heat transmission and heating system is a high energy consumption and high pollution industry. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve energy utilization and reduce energy waste. However, in the existing technology, the use of heating is relatively simple, and the indoor temperature is only controlled by artificially adjusting the air intake of the valve according to the empirical value. This control method cannot accurately control the indoor temperature, which affects the quality of heat supply, resulting in low heat utilization efficiency and a great waste of energy; due to the centralized pressurized heating of the entire community, user heating in different units and floors The temperature varies greatly, often causing dissatisfaction among users.

"CN201520378206.8" A new type of intelligent heating management system uses RS-485 and GPRS technologies to build a heating management system to realize remote metering and on-off heating for users, but it does not involve user-side problem control, heat exchange station monitoring, and host Research and design of system monitoring platform construction and pipeline network control strategy optimization;

"CN03133353.2" heat supply management information control system, proposes to apply BP neuron algorithm to the automatic control of the heat supply pipe network, and proposes to precisely control the temperature of the user end, but the design scope of its invention only involves the management center to the The heat exchange station does not mention the design of the user end, the control and the construction of the communication platform, and the invention always emphasizes that it belongs to the field of computer control, and its design focuses on the construction of the management center control platform.

"CN200810154469.5" large-area heating operation automatic monitoring system device only proposes a concept of building a heating monitoring platform at the municipal level. monitoring, and no effective energy-saving measures have been put forward.

"CN201120112054.9" residential temperature acquisition and monitoring system and "CN201420473434.9" a heating management system, proposed a control strategy for residential boiler heating, through the control of boiler supply and return water temperature, to ensure that the user end temperature; but it is not oriented to central heating, and involves a narrow area, and the control strategy is simple.

"CN201210185265.4", a heat metering information remote transmission system based on a composite communication method, simply collects and transmits heat data at the user end without any control and energy-saving measures.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention takes the Internet of Things technology as the core, integrates sensor technology, automatic control technology, power carrier technology, embedded technology, computer technology, and network communication technologies to develop an intelligent management and control platform for urban heating energy consumption.

Research and develop intelligent monitoring equipment for heating energy consumption of heating enterprises and heat exchange stations to realize intelligent measurement, fault diagnosis and real-time control of heating energy consumption of heating enterprises and heat exchange stations; research and development of intelligent regulating valves and intelligent temperature controllers, etc. The user-side measurement and control equipment realizes intelligent measurement, fault diagnosis and control of end-user heat energy consumption.

Research and develop wall embedded terminal equipment, which is convenient for users to set the indoor temperature independently and obtain expert knowledge of indoor temperature control; develop Android-based mobile terminal application software, which is convenient for users to remotely monitor the temperature inside the home and the operation of heating equipment.

Improve the existing PID algorithm, fuzzy algorithm, etc., and apply it to the temperature control equipment regulation of the heat exchange station and the user end, reduce the overshoot in the temperature control process, slow regulation and other shortcomings, and overcome the insufficiency of heating and cooling. Average and water hammer effects and other phenomena.

Research and develop the monitoring system of heating management command center based on WEBGIS, which uses network communication as a bridge to interact with various intelligent monitoring equipment information, and realize the monitoring of energy consumption information among heating enterprises, heat exchange stations and end users in the wide-area geographical space distribution And management, combining advanced algorithms with expert knowledge, scientifically analyzing the impact of building indoor and outdoor environment changes and end-user heat energy consumption information on heating energy consumption, diagnosing and predicting fault conditions, providing heat supply companies and heat exchange stations Provide heating decision-making plan and technical support for remote intelligent control of various heating-related links, so that the staff of the management center can monitor the operation and heating usage of each node of the entire heating system in real time, and assist the staff to make reasonable adjustments ;Provide end users with a decision-making plan for heat use, effectively reducing the cost of heat use at the user end and improving heat use efficiency; in order to achieve the goal of low-carbon heat supply and high-efficiency heat use, it can not only meet the heat demand of end users to the greatest extent, but also effectively Reduce the energy consumption of heating enterprises, thereby alleviating the pressure on the city's environment.

Advantages of the present invention: 1. Using the power carrier technology to build the communication network inside the home and in the corridor can directly use the existing power lines without laying additional communication lines. 2. Oracle11g is used to manage the collected data. The data can be shared, with high independence, small redundancy, easy transplantation, and convenient unified management and control. 3. It can collect and control the heat consumption equipment information of each specific user in real time, with high control precision. 4. According to the feedback information from the user end, it can regulate the operation status of the corresponding heat exchange station, and can effectively solve the phenomenon of uneven heating and cooling in the heating process. 5. The urban heating management command center system has been developed, which can view and manage the operation status information of all equipment in the entire heating pipe network in real time, which is convenient for the maintenance and overall regulation of the heating pipe network. 6. Develop user terminal control equipment and mobile software to improve user experience and provide users with a means of saving heating costs. 7. Apply the advanced control algorithm to the regulation of the heating pipe network to optimize the control of the heating pipe network; apply the improved algorithm to the temperature control of the user end to improve the temperature control level of the user end.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control of the secondary network supply and return water of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the replenishing water system of the present invention

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the regulating valve of the present invention

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of temperature controller of the present invention

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wall embedded terminal device of the present invention

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the novel heating meter of the present invention

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the technical architecture of the heating management command center system of the present invention.

detailed description

The central heating system includes three main parts: heat source, heat network, and heat user. The hot water generated by the heat source is distributed to each heat exchange station through the primary pipe network, and the heat exchange station transfers heat to the secondary pipe network in the form of indirect heating. The heat is then transported to each unit or community through the secondary pipe network, and finally distributed to each specific user. The intelligent management and control platform for urban heating energy consumption is aimed at the temperature regulation of the user end, and takes the regulation and control of the heating equipment of the entire pipe network as the core. build. Heat user part, including the design of new heating flow meter, intelligent control valve, intelligent temperature controller, software and hardware design of wall-embedded terminal equipment, construction of home power carrier communication network, and selection of building data collection equipment and the development of home heating monitoring software applied to mobile terminals, etc.; the heat exchange station part includes the temperature, pressure and flow monitoring of the primary pipe network and the secondary pipe network, and the monitoring of heat exchangers, circulating water pumps, make-up water tanks and control valves. Control, design of temperature control subsystem, circulating water pump control subsystem and supplementary water pump control subsystem, etc.; heating management command center part provides staff with system management support through an intuitive interface, and provides users with heating cost query, heating consumption Guidance for knowledge acquisition and other services. The temperature controller in each room provides users with the temperature control service of this room, and summarizes the collected data of this room to the embedded terminal device in the wall of the entry end through the home Zigbee LAN, providing users with the temperature control service of the whole family . The aggregated household heating data is aggregated again to the building data aggregation terminal through the wireless network in the corridor, and finally aggregated to the heating management command center through the heat exchange station through the GPRS module.

(1) Hardware platform of heat exchange station

The hardware platform construction of the heat exchange station mainly includes: processor module, temperature acquisition module, pressure acquisition module, flow detection module, signal conditioning circuit, communication line selection, energy consumption detection module and power supply module, etc. This part of the circuit is mainly responsible for the collection of on-site data of the heat exchange station and the control of actuators such as valves and frequency converters, which is the basis for the regulation of the entire heat exchange station.

(2) Control law and control method of the heat exchange station control system

①Temperature control: Use equal temperature difference control, that is, determine a secondary pipeline supply and return water temperature difference according to outdoor temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and other weather factors, and then adjust the cycle through the difference P between the actual temperature difference sampling value and the set value The speed of the water pump until P<=R (R is close to 0). In order to reduce unfavorable factors such as overshoot and adjustment time in the process of temperature regulation, control algorithms such as fuzzy PID are introduced into temperature regulation, and P is properly corrected. The temperature control of the secondary network supply and return water is shown in Figure 1

②Circulating water pump control: Adopt frequency conversion control for circulating water pumps, determine the relationship between the speed of circulating water pumps and the temperature difference between supply and return water, and determine whether the circulating water pumps are in two complementary working modes or other working modes, and the principle of frequency conversion control. The control of the circulating water pump is shown in Figure 1.

③ Water supply pump control: frequency conversion control is adopted for the water supply pump, the water supply standard and water supply time of the water supply pump are determined, and the negative factors such as water hammer elimination are eliminated through proper regulation of the start and stop control of the water supply pump. The structure of the replenishment system is shown in Figure 2.

(3) Client hardware platform

The user-side hardware design includes the design of user-side actuators such as flow valves and flow meters, the hardware design of the room temperature controller, and the hardware design of the wall-embedded terminal equipment, etc.

①The hardware structure of the control valve is shown in Figure 3. The control valve is installed at the entrance of the heating pipe in each room. It is designed as a structure similar to a ball valve. Small size, high reliability, and can adapt to higher temperature working environment and so on. The intelligent regulating valve design has the functions of collecting heating flow, collecting heating water temperature and regulating pipeline flow, and integrating a power carrier module to realize two-way wireless communication between it, the upper management system and the lower actuator for data transmission.

②The structure of the temperature controller is shown in Figure 4. The intelligent temperature controller is highly integrated and easy to install. It can be installed at the entrance of each room and used in conjunction with the intelligent regulating valve in the room to regulate the temperature of the room. role. The intelligent temperature controller consists of a display and buttons. The controller integrates a high-performance ARM processor, a power carrier module, and a high-precision temperature sensor.

③ The overall structure of the wall-mounted terminal equipment is shown in Figure 5. A wall-mounted terminal is installed at the entrance of each user’s home. The terminal is a high-performance embedded system developed based on the ARM microprocessor. The system has the advantages of small size, low power consumption, and reliable operation. It integrates wifi, broadband interface, remote wireless communication module, storage module, RS232 serial port, USB interface, touch screen, independent power supply, voice module and JTAG debugging port for system upgrade. The data collected by each terminal in the room can be summarized to the embedded device through the broadband interface.

④ The overall structure of the new type of heating meter is shown in Figure 6. Consider designing a new type of heating meter that integrates household water temperature, water pressure, flow and other factors for charging, and integrates a wireless communication module to monitor the user's heating in real time. The information is transmitted to the building data summary terminal and the user-operable equipment, which is convenient for the heating management command center and the user to understand the heating usage in real time. In order to prevent data loss and measurement failure due to power failure, an independent power supply and storage module are provided for the flow meter for power failure protection.

(4) Design of client control system

The design of the user-side control system mainly includes three parts: the construction of the user-side software platform, the temperature control method of the user-side and the measurement of the heating cost of the user-side. The construction of the user-side software platform is to develop the user-side temperature control system based on the wall embedded device, through which the user can freely adjust the room temperature; the user-side temperature control method is to apply the control algorithm in the heat exchange station control to the user In family temperature control; heating heat consumption includes public heat consumption and user indoor heat consumption, so user heating costs should also include two parts: public heat consumption area sharing and indoor heat consumption based on heat.

(5) Heating management command center and its functional design

Mainly carry out the construction of the software platform of the heating command center, as well as the design of the command center system and the development of the management interface, so as to better supervise the working status of each heat exchange station and realize timely control of the heat exchange station equipment. Oracle11g is used as the system database to store system data; Java is used for B/S architecture network design and system application software development; Tomcat7.0 is used as the system Web server; the user interface is developed using JSP and easy-UI controls; Use Java Serverlet to develop the system server; use ojdbc14 and other controls to connect to the oracle database; implement operations such as adding, deleting and updating the oracle database by nesting SQL statements in java statements. The technical architecture of the heating management command center system is shown in Figure 7.

Claims (10)

1. The intelligent management and control technology platform for urban heating energy consumption is a real-time dynamic energy consumption operation monitoring system developed for the urban central heating energy consumption pipeline network. The heating equipment regulation is the core, and the software and hardware platforms are built for heat users, heat exchange stations and heating management command centers respectively; the workflow is as follows: (1) The intelligent regulating valve collects information such as temperature, flow rate and valve opening, and transmits it to the wall embedded terminal through the power carrier module; (2) The intelligent temperature controller in each room can control the intelligent regulating valve in the room, thereby indirectly controlling the temperature in the room; (3) The wall embedded terminal summarizes the data of all rooms, and can control all intelligent control valves, thereby changing the temperature in the room, and then sends the data to the building data summary terminal through the power carrier module; (4) The building data collection terminal transmits the received data to the superior heat exchange station through the GPRS module; (5) After the heat exchange station receives the data, it will directly package and transmit the data to the urban heating command and management center. If the transmission is unsuccessful, it will make preliminary adjustments based on the received data and try to issue a fault alarm; (6) The urban heating management command center receives the data from the heat exchange station, analyzes it, and then adjusts the circulation pump, water supply pump and valves of the heat exchange station accordingly; (7) After receiving the control command, the heat exchange station sends data to the urban heating management command center again to receive the response; (8) Users can download the corresponding mobile APP through mobile terminals such as mobile phones to monitor the heating situation inside the home in real time. 2. As claimed in claim 1, the power carrier technology is applied to the urban heating monitoring system. 3. A wall-embedded device is developed for each family. Through this device, users can monitor the operating status of each intelligent control valve in the home in real time, thereby indirectly monitoring the temperature and heating conditions of the room where the control valve is located. 4. Apply algorithms such as fuzzy PID to the operation of heat exchange stations and the regulation of room temperature. 5. Developed the urban heating management command center system, which has the functions of fault alarm, status query, status switching, fault statistics, parameter setting and data query. 6. Develop a mobile terminal APP. Users can monitor the heating situation inside the home in real time by downloading the APP. 7. Through the wall embedded equipment, provide users with heating guidance, and guide users to use heat more efficiently. 8. Consider temperature, pressure, flow and other factors to develop a new type of heating meter, and encourage users to save heating through reasonable heating costs. 9. The system adopts Oracle database, and the database is divided into real-time monitoring database, system database, equipment information database and expert knowledge database. 10. The urban heating command and management center system of the invention is a B/S framework system developed by java.