CN107274303A - Intelligent management and control technology platform for urban heat supply energy consumption - Google Patents

Intelligent management and control technology platform for urban heat supply energy consumption Download PDF

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CN107274303A
CN107274303A CN201610213206.1A CN201610213206A CN107274303A CN 107274303 A CN107274303 A CN 107274303A CN 201610213206 A CN201610213206 A CN 201610213206A CN 107274303 A CN107274303 A CN 107274303A
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王素珍
张德华
刘树坤
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Qingdao University of Technology
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Abstract

城市供热能耗智慧化管理与控制技术平台以用户端温度调控为目的,以整个管网供暖设备调控为核心,分别对热用户、换热站和供暖管理指挥中心进行软硬件平台的搭建。热用户部分,包括智能调节阀、智能温控器和墙体嵌入式终端等设备的软硬件设计;换热站部分包括一、二次管网的温度、压力和流量监测,换热器、循环水泵等的控制;供暖管理指挥中心部分,通过直观的界面为工作人员提供系统管理支持,为用户提供取暖费用查询等服务。每个房间内的温控器为用户提供本房间的温控服务,并将本房间的采集数据通过电力载波技术汇总到入户端墙体嵌入式终端设备,为用户提供整个家庭的温控服务。汇总后的数据经电力载波到楼宇数据汇总终端,再通过GPRS模块经换热站汇总至供暖管理指挥中心。

The intelligent management and control technology platform for urban heating energy consumption is aimed at temperature regulation at the user end, with the entire pipe network heating equipment regulation as the core, and builds software and hardware platforms for heat users, heat exchange stations, and heating management command centers. Heat user part, including software and hardware design of smart control valve, smart thermostat and wall embedded terminal; heat exchange station part includes primary and secondary pipe network temperature, pressure and flow monitoring, heat exchanger, circulation The control of water pumps, etc.; the part of the heating management command center provides staff with system management support through an intuitive interface, and provides users with services such as heating cost inquiries. The thermostat in each room provides users with the temperature control service of this room, and collects the collected data of this room to the embedded terminal device in the wall of the home end through power carrier technology, providing users with the temperature control service of the whole family . The aggregated data is sent to the building data aggregation terminal via the power carrier, and then aggregated to the heating management command center through the heat exchange station through the GPRS module.

Description

城市供热能耗智慧化管理与控制技术平台Intelligent management and control technology platform for urban heating energy consumption

技术领域technical field

本发明是针对城市集中供热能耗管网,研发的一种实时动态能耗运营监控系统。主要用于为供热企业、供热站提供供热决策方案和远程智能控制各供热相关环节的技术支持;为终端用户提供用热决策方案,以实现低碳供热和高效用热的目标。The invention is a real-time dynamic energy consumption operation monitoring system developed for urban central heating energy consumption pipe network. It is mainly used to provide heating decision-making plans and remote intelligent control of technical support for heating-related links for heating companies and heating stations; to provide end-users with heat-use decision-making plans to achieve the goals of low-carbon heating and high-efficiency heat utilization .

背景技术Background technique

能源行业是一个新型行业,涉及节能环保,在能源利用越来越紧张的情况下,世界各国纷纷将节能行业放在突出重要的位置,投资重大资金研究节能环保措施,因此带来了该产业的快速发展,节能装置与技术更是日新月异。我国1997年颁布的《中华人民共和国节约能源法》中便明确提出需推进节能技术进步,降低单位产值能耗和单位产品能耗,改善能源的开发、加工转换、输送和供应,逐步提高能源利用效率,促进国民经济向节能型发展。2007年国务院常务会议,决定将《民用建筑节能条例(草案)》向社会公布征求意见。《草案》中明确,国家积极推进供热体制改革,完善供热价格形成机制,鼓励发展集中供热,逐步实行按照用热量收费制度。对于新建建筑节能,《草案》规定,实行集中供热的建筑应当安装分户室内温度调控装置,并安装分栋或分户用热计量装置和供热系统调控装置;对于既有建筑节能,《草案》特别明确,“对实行集中供热的居住建筑进行节能改造,应当安装分栋或分户用热计量装置和供热系统调控装置”。由此可以看出,国家对建设能源节约型社会的坚定决心,以及对城镇供暖系统改革的意向。The energy industry is a new type of industry that involves energy conservation and environmental protection. Under the situation of increasingly tense energy utilization, countries all over the world have placed the energy conservation industry in a prominent and important position, and invested a lot of money in research on energy conservation and environmental protection measures, thus bringing the industry's With rapid development, energy-saving devices and technologies are changing with each passing day. In the "Energy Conservation Law of the People's Republic of my country" promulgated in 1997, it is clearly stated that it is necessary to promote energy-saving technological progress, reduce energy consumption per unit output value and unit product energy consumption, improve energy development, processing conversion, transmission and supply, and gradually increase energy utilization. efficiency and promote the development of the national economy towards energy conservation. In the executive meeting of the State Council in 2007, it was decided to publish the "Regulations on Energy Conservation of Civil Buildings (Draft)" to the public for comments. The "Draft" clearly states that the state actively promotes the reform of the heating system, improves the heating price formation mechanism, encourages the development of centralized heating, and gradually implements the system of charging according to the amount of heat used. For energy saving in new buildings, the "Draft" stipulates that buildings that implement centralized heating should be installed with individual indoor temperature control devices, and install individual building or individual heat metering devices and heating system control devices; for existing building energy conservation, " The draft is particularly clear that "for energy-saving renovation of residential buildings that implement centralized heating, heat metering devices for individual buildings or households and heating system control devices should be installed." It can be seen from this that the country's firm determination to build an energy-saving society and its intention to reform the urban heating system.

根据清华大学举办的“2007 年建筑节能发展年度报告”可知,供暖能耗占中国北方城镇建筑能耗的绝大部分,占全国建筑总能耗的40%。随着城市化建设的不断加快,城镇热网将继续扩大,按照目前的发展速度,如果不采取节能措施,到2020年供暖能耗将达到3亿吨标准煤/年。在造成我国集中供暖系统效率低下的原因中,以下几个原因不容忽视:According to the "2007 Annual Report on Building Energy Conservation Development" held by Tsinghua University, heating energy consumption accounts for the vast majority of urban building energy consumption in northern China, accounting for 40% of the country's total building energy consumption. With the continuous acceleration of urbanization, urban heating networks will continue to expand. According to the current development speed, if no energy-saving measures are taken, heating energy consumption will reach 300 million tons of standard coal per year by 2020. Among the reasons for the low efficiency of the central heating system in our country, the following reasons cannot be ignored:

(1)热源效率低:提高热源余热的回收利用,根据整个系统的热负荷变化实现对热源功率进行动态调节,可以提高热源效率。(1) Low heat source efficiency: Improve the recovery and utilization of heat source waste heat, and realize dynamic adjustment of heat source power according to the heat load change of the whole system, which can improve heat source efficiency.

(2)缺乏长久的室温调节机制:目前大多数用户无室温调节装置,存在开窗散热的情况。(2) Lack of long-term room temperature adjustment mechanism: At present, most users do not have room temperature adjustment devices, and there are cases of opening windows to dissipate heat.

(3)缺乏高效的热计量方法:热量分配表法投资大;热量表法维护困难,安装效率低,使二者都难以推广使用;传统面积法又缺乏公平性,用户不接受;时间通断法和流量法使用受到限制,对水质要求较高。(3) Lack of efficient heat measurement methods: the heat distribution meter method requires a large investment; the heat meter method is difficult to maintain and the installation efficiency is low, making it difficult to promote the use of both; the traditional area method lacks fairness and is not accepted by users; time on-off The use of flow method and flow method is limited, and the requirements for water quality are relatively high.

(4)系统控制策略不够完善:热源中心和热力站的输出热量应该随着负荷的变化而变化,集中供暖系统各级子系统应该实行联运控制,只有这样才能实现整个集中供暖系统的节能。(4) The system control strategy is not perfect: the output heat of the heat source center and the heat station should change with the change of the load, and the sub-systems of the central heating system at all levels should implement combined operation control. Only in this way can the energy saving of the entire central heating system be realized.

暖气集中供暖系统在我国北方地区广泛采用,而热力输暖系统又是一个高能耗、高污染的产业,因此提高能量的利用率,减小能量浪费就显得尤为重要。然而,在现有的技术里,暖气的运用较为简单,仅仅根据经验值人为调节阀门进气量来控制室内温度。这种控制方式无法对室内温度进行准确的控制,影响供热质量,造成热量的利用效率较为低下,极大的浪费了能源;由于整个小区集中加压供暖,造成不同单元、不同楼层的用户暖气温度相差很大,经常引起用户的不满。The central heating system of heating is widely used in northern my country, and the heat transmission and heating system is a high energy consumption and high pollution industry. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve energy utilization and reduce energy waste. However, in the existing technology, the use of heating is relatively simple, and the indoor temperature is only controlled by artificially adjusting the air intake of the valve according to the empirical value. This control method cannot accurately control the indoor temperature, which affects the quality of heat supply, resulting in low heat utilization efficiency and a great waste of energy; due to the centralized pressurized heating of the entire community, user heating in different units and floors The temperature varies greatly, often causing dissatisfaction among users.

“CN201520378206.8” 一种新型智能供暖管理系统利用RS-485和GPRS等技术,搭建供暖管理系统,实现远程计量和通断用户供热,但未涉及用户端问题调控、换热站监控、上位系统监控平台搭建和管网控制策略优化的研究设计;"CN201520378206.8" A new type of intelligent heating management system uses RS-485 and GPRS technologies to build a heating management system to realize remote metering and on-off heating for users, but it does not involve user-side problem control, heat exchange station monitoring, and host Research and design of system monitoring platform construction and pipeline network control strategy optimization;

“CN03133353.2” 供热管理信息控制系统,提出将BP神经元算法应用到供热管网的自动控制,并提出对用户端温度进行精确控制,但其发明的设计范围只是涉及到管理中心到换热站,并未提及用户端的设计、控制和通信平台的搭建,且该发明也始终强调其属于计算机控制领域,其设计重点是管理中心控制平台的搭建。"CN03133353.2" heat supply management information control system, proposes to apply BP neuron algorithm to the automatic control of the heat supply pipe network, and proposes to precisely control the temperature of the user end, but the design scope of its invention only involves the management center to the The heat exchange station does not mention the design of the user end, the control and the construction of the communication platform, and the invention always emphasizes that it belongs to the field of computer control, and its design focuses on the construction of the management center control platform.

“CN200810154469.5” 大区域供热运行自动监控系统装置,只是提出了一种市级范围内供暖监控平台搭建的设想,其底层监控对象最终面向的是各个片区,并不能对用热终端进行有效的监控,也未提出有效的节能实现措施。"CN200810154469.5" large-area heating operation automatic monitoring system device only proposes a concept of building a heating monitoring platform at the municipal level. monitoring, and no effective energy-saving measures have been put forward.

“CN201120112054.9” 小区住户温度采集与监控系统和“CN201420473434.9” 一种供热管理系统,提出了一种小区锅炉供暖的控制策略,通过对锅炉的供回水温度进行控制,保证用户端温度;但其并非面向集中供暖,且涉及面狭窄,控制策略简单。"CN201120112054.9" residential temperature acquisition and monitoring system and "CN201420473434.9" a heating management system, proposed a control strategy for residential boiler heating, through the control of boiler supply and return water temperature, to ensure that the user end temperature; but it is not oriented to central heating, and involves a narrow area, and the control strategy is simple.

“CN201210185265.4”,一种基于复合通信方式的热计量信息远程传输系统,只是单纯的对用户端用热数据进行采集、传输未涉及任何控制和节能措施。"CN201210185265.4", a heat metering information remote transmission system based on a composite communication method, simply collects and transmits heat data at the user end without any control and energy-saving measures.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对以上问题,本发明以物联网技术为核心,集成传感器技术、自动控制技术、电力载波技术、嵌入式技术、计算机技术以及网络通信等技术,研发城市供热能耗智慧化管控平台。In view of the above problems, the present invention takes the Internet of Things technology as the core, integrates sensor technology, automatic control technology, power carrier technology, embedded technology, computer technology, and network communication technologies to develop an intelligent management and control platform for urban heating energy consumption.

研发供热企业和换热站的供热能耗智能监控设备,实现对供热企业和换热站供热能耗的智能计量、故障诊断与实时控制;研发智能调节阀和智能温度控制器等用户端测控设备,实现对终端用户用热能耗的智能计量、故障诊断与控制。Research and develop intelligent monitoring equipment for heating energy consumption of heating enterprises and heat exchange stations to realize intelligent measurement, fault diagnosis and real-time control of heating energy consumption of heating enterprises and heat exchange stations; research and development of intelligent regulating valves and intelligent temperature controllers, etc. The user-side measurement and control equipment realizes intelligent measurement, fault diagnosis and control of end-user heat energy consumption.

研发墙体嵌入式终端设备,便于用户自主设置室内温度,并获取室内温控专家知识;开发基于Android的移动端应用软件,方便用户远程监控家庭内部的温度和供热设备的运行情况。Research and develop wall embedded terminal equipment, which is convenient for users to set the indoor temperature independently and obtain expert knowledge of indoor temperature control; develop Android-based mobile terminal application software, which is convenient for users to remotely monitor the temperature inside the home and the operation of heating equipment.

对现有PID算法、模糊算法等进行改进,并应用到换热站和用户端的温控设备调控中,降低温控过程中的超调量、调控缓慢等不足之处,克服供热冷热不均和水锤效应等现象。Improve the existing PID algorithm, fuzzy algorithm, etc., and apply it to the temperature control equipment regulation of the heat exchange station and the user end, reduce the overshoot in the temperature control process, slow regulation and other shortcomings, and overcome the insufficiency of heating and cooling. Average and water hammer effects and other phenomena.

研发基于WEBGIS的供暖管理指挥中心监控系统,以网络通信为桥梁,与各智能监控设备信息交互,实现广域地理空间分布上供热企业、换热站以及终端用户之间对能耗信息的监视与管理,将先进算法与专家知识相结合,科学分析建筑物室内外环境变化和终端用户用热能耗信息对供热能耗的影响程度,诊断并预测故障情况,为供热企业、换热站提供供热决策方案和远程智能控制各供热相关环节的技术支持,使管理中心的工作人员能够实时的监控整个供暖系统每个节点的运行情况和暖气使用情况,辅助工作人员做出合理的调控;为终端用户提供用热决策方案,有效的降低用户端用热成本和提高用热效率;以实现低碳供热和高效用热的目标,既最大限度的满足终端用户用热需求,又能有效降低供热企业的能源消耗,从而缓解城市的环境压力。Research and develop the monitoring system of heating management command center based on WEBGIS, which uses network communication as a bridge to interact with various intelligent monitoring equipment information, and realize the monitoring of energy consumption information among heating enterprises, heat exchange stations and end users in the wide-area geographical space distribution And management, combining advanced algorithms with expert knowledge, scientifically analyzing the impact of building indoor and outdoor environment changes and end-user heat energy consumption information on heating energy consumption, diagnosing and predicting fault conditions, providing heat supply companies and heat exchange stations Provide heating decision-making plan and technical support for remote intelligent control of various heating-related links, so that the staff of the management center can monitor the operation and heating usage of each node of the entire heating system in real time, and assist the staff to make reasonable adjustments ;Provide end users with a decision-making plan for heat use, effectively reducing the cost of heat use at the user end and improving heat use efficiency; in order to achieve the goal of low-carbon heat supply and high-efficiency heat use, it can not only meet the heat demand of end users to the greatest extent, but also effectively Reduce the energy consumption of heating enterprises, thereby alleviating the pressure on the city's environment.

本发明的优点:1、利用电力载波技术搭建家庭内部以及楼道内的通信网络,可以直接利用现有的用电线路,无需额外铺设通信线路。2、采用Oracle11g对采集到的数据进行管理,数据可以共享、独立性高、冗余小,易移植,便于统一管理和控制。3、能够实时采集控制每个具体用户的用热设备信息,控制精度高。4、能够根据用户端的反馈信息,调控相应换热站的运营状态,能够有效的解决供热过程中的冷热不均等现象。5、开发了城市供热管理指挥中心系统,能够对整个供热管网的所有设备的运行状态信息实时查看和管理,便于供热管网维护和整体调控。6、开发用户终端调控设备和移动端软件,提高用户体验,同时能够为用户提供一种节约暖气费用的手段。7、将先进的控制算法应用到供热管网的调控中去,优化供热管网的控制;将改进后的算法应用到用户端温度控制,提高用户端温度调控水平。Advantages of the present invention: 1. Using the power carrier technology to build the communication network inside the home and in the corridor can directly use the existing power lines without laying additional communication lines. 2. Oracle11g is used to manage the collected data. The data can be shared, with high independence, small redundancy, easy transplantation, and convenient unified management and control. 3. It can collect and control the heat consumption equipment information of each specific user in real time, with high control precision. 4. According to the feedback information from the user end, it can regulate the operation status of the corresponding heat exchange station, and can effectively solve the phenomenon of uneven heating and cooling in the heating process. 5. The urban heating management command center system has been developed, which can view and manage the operation status information of all equipment in the entire heating pipe network in real time, which is convenient for the maintenance and overall regulation of the heating pipe network. 6. Develop user terminal control equipment and mobile software to improve user experience and provide users with a means of saving heating costs. 7. Apply the advanced control algorithm to the regulation of the heating pipe network to optimize the control of the heating pipe network; apply the improved algorithm to the temperature control of the user end to improve the temperature control level of the user end.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的二次网供回水温度控制示意图Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control of the secondary network supply and return water of the present invention

图2是本发明的补水系统的结构示意图Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the replenishing water system of the present invention

图3是本发明的调节阀的硬件结构示意图Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the regulating valve of the present invention

图4是本发明的温度控制器结构示意图Fig. 4 is the structural representation of temperature controller of the present invention

图5是本发明的墙体嵌入式终端设备的整体结构示意图Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wall embedded terminal device of the present invention

图6是本发明的新型暖气计价表整体结构示意图Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the novel heating meter of the present invention

图7是本发明的供暖管理指挥中心系统技术架构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the technical architecture of the heating management command center system of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

集中供热系统包括热源、热网、热用户三个主要部分,热源产生的热水通过一次管网分配给各个换热站,换热站以间接供暖的方式将热量传输至二次管网,再经由二次管网将热量输送至各个单位或小区,最终分配至各具体用户。该城市供热能耗智慧化管控平台以用户端的温度调控为目的,以整个管网供暖设备调控为核心,分别对热用户、换热站和供暖管理指挥中心等三个部分进行软硬件平台的搭建。热用户部分,包括新型暖气流量表的设计、智能调节阀的设计、智能温度控制器的设计、墙体嵌入式终端设备的软硬件设计、家庭电力载波通信网络的搭建、楼宇数据汇总设备选型和应用于移动终端的家庭用暖监控软件的开发等;换热站部分包括一次管网和二次管网的温度、压力和流量监测,换热器、循环水泵、补水箱和控制阀门等的控制,温度控制子系统、循环水泵控制子系统和补水泵控制子系统等的设计;供暖管理指挥中心部分,通过直观的界面方式为工作人员提供系统管理支持,为用户提供取暖费用查询、用暖指导知识获取等服务。每个房间内的温度控制器为用户提供本房间的温度调控服务,并将本房间的采集数据通过家庭Zigbee局域网汇总到入户端墙体嵌入式终端设备,为用户提供整个家庭的温控服务。汇总后的家庭取暖数据经楼道内的无线网络再次汇总到楼宇数据汇总终端,最终通过GPRS模块经换热站汇总至供暖管理指挥中心。The central heating system includes three main parts: heat source, heat network, and heat user. The hot water generated by the heat source is distributed to each heat exchange station through the primary pipe network, and the heat exchange station transfers heat to the secondary pipe network in the form of indirect heating. The heat is then transported to each unit or community through the secondary pipe network, and finally distributed to each specific user. The intelligent management and control platform for urban heating energy consumption is aimed at the temperature regulation of the user end, and takes the regulation and control of the heating equipment of the entire pipe network as the core. build. Heat user part, including the design of new heating flow meter, intelligent control valve, intelligent temperature controller, software and hardware design of wall-embedded terminal equipment, construction of home power carrier communication network, and selection of building data collection equipment and the development of home heating monitoring software applied to mobile terminals, etc.; the heat exchange station part includes the temperature, pressure and flow monitoring of the primary pipe network and the secondary pipe network, and the monitoring of heat exchangers, circulating water pumps, make-up water tanks and control valves. Control, design of temperature control subsystem, circulating water pump control subsystem and supplementary water pump control subsystem, etc.; heating management command center part provides staff with system management support through an intuitive interface, and provides users with heating cost query, heating consumption Guidance for knowledge acquisition and other services. The temperature controller in each room provides users with the temperature control service of this room, and summarizes the collected data of this room to the embedded terminal device in the wall of the entry end through the home Zigbee LAN, providing users with the temperature control service of the whole family . The aggregated household heating data is aggregated again to the building data aggregation terminal through the wireless network in the corridor, and finally aggregated to the heating management command center through the heat exchange station through the GPRS module.

(1)换热站硬件平台(1) Hardware platform of heat exchange station

换热站硬件平台搭建主要包括:处理器模块、温度采集模块、压力采集模块、流量检测模块、信号调理电路、通信线路的选型、能耗检测模块和电源模块等。这部分电路主要负责换热站现场数据的采集和阀门、变频器等执行器的控制,是整个换热站调控的基础。The hardware platform construction of the heat exchange station mainly includes: processor module, temperature acquisition module, pressure acquisition module, flow detection module, signal conditioning circuit, communication line selection, energy consumption detection module and power supply module, etc. This part of the circuit is mainly responsible for the collection of on-site data of the heat exchange station and the control of actuators such as valves and frequency converters, which is the basis for the regulation of the entire heat exchange station.

(2)换热站控制系统的控制规律及控制方法(2) Control law and control method of the heat exchange station control system

①温度控制:采用等温差控制,即根据室外的温度、风速、相对湿度等天气因素确定一个二次管道供回水温差值,然后通过实际的温差采样值与设定值的差值P调节循环水泵的转速,直至P<=R(R接近于0)。为了降低温度调控过程中的超调量和调节时间等不利因素,将模糊PID等控制算法引入到温度调控,对P进行适当的校正操作。二次网供回水温度控制如图1所示①Temperature control: Use equal temperature difference control, that is, determine a secondary pipeline supply and return water temperature difference according to outdoor temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and other weather factors, and then adjust the cycle through the difference P between the actual temperature difference sampling value and the set value The speed of the water pump until P<=R (R is close to 0). In order to reduce unfavorable factors such as overshoot and adjustment time in the process of temperature regulation, control algorithms such as fuzzy PID are introduced into temperature regulation, and P is properly corrected. The temperature control of the secondary network supply and return water is shown in Figure 1

②循环水泵控制:对循环水泵采取变频控制,确定循环水泵的转速和供回水温差间的关系,并确定循环水泵是两台互补工作模式还是其他工作模式,以及变频控制的原理。循环水泵的控制如图1所示。②Circulating water pump control: Adopt frequency conversion control for circulating water pumps, determine the relationship between the speed of circulating water pumps and the temperature difference between supply and return water, and determine whether the circulating water pumps are in two complementary working modes or other working modes, and the principle of frequency conversion control. The control of the circulating water pump is shown in Figure 1.

③补水泵控制:对补水泵采取变频控制,确定补水泵的补水标准和补水时刻,以及通过对补水泵的启停控制进行适当的调控,消除水锤消应等消极因素。补水系统的结构如图2所示。③ Water supply pump control: frequency conversion control is adopted for the water supply pump, the water supply standard and water supply time of the water supply pump are determined, and the negative factors such as water hammer elimination are eliminated through proper regulation of the start and stop control of the water supply pump. The structure of the replenishment system is shown in Figure 2.

(3)用户端硬件平台(3) Client hardware platform

用户端硬件设计包括流量阀、流量表等用户端执行机构设计,房间温度控制器的硬件设计,墙体嵌入式终端设备的硬件设计等。The user-side hardware design includes the design of user-side actuators such as flow valves and flow meters, the hardware design of the room temperature controller, and the hardware design of the wall-embedded terminal equipment, etc.

①调节阀的硬件结构如图3所示,调节阀安装在每个房间的暖气管道入口处,设计为类似球阀的结构,并具有体积小、重量轻、密封性好、抗磨损程度高、安装尺寸小,可靠性高,且能够适应较高温度的工作环境等特点。智能调节阀设计,具有采集暖气流量、采集暖气水温和调节管道流量的功能,并集成了电力载波模块,实现其与上位管理系统与下位执行机构之间数据传输上的双向无线通信。①The hardware structure of the control valve is shown in Figure 3. The control valve is installed at the entrance of the heating pipe in each room. It is designed as a structure similar to a ball valve. Small size, high reliability, and can adapt to higher temperature working environment and so on. The intelligent regulating valve design has the functions of collecting heating flow, collecting heating water temperature and regulating pipeline flow, and integrating a power carrier module to realize two-way wireless communication between it, the upper management system and the lower actuator for data transmission.

②温度控制器结构如图4所示,智能温度控制器集成度高且便于安装,可以安装在每个房间的入口处,与该房间内的智能调节阀配合使用,能够起到调节该房间温度的作用。智能温度控制器由显示器和按键组成,控制器内部集成了高性能的ARM处理器、电力载波模块和高精度的温度传感器等模块。②The structure of the temperature controller is shown in Figure 4. The intelligent temperature controller is highly integrated and easy to install. It can be installed at the entrance of each room and used in conjunction with the intelligent regulating valve in the room to regulate the temperature of the room. role. The intelligent temperature controller consists of a display and buttons. The controller integrates a high-performance ARM processor, a power carrier module, and a high-precision temperature sensor.

③墙体嵌入式终端设备的整体结构如图5所示,每个用户的家庭入口处安装有一台墙体嵌入式终端,该终端是基于ARM微处理器开发的高性能嵌入式系统,该嵌入式系统具有体积小、功耗低、运行可靠等优点。其内部集成wifi、宽带接口、远程无线通信模块、存储模块、RS232串口、USB接口、触摸屏、独立电源、语音模块和用于系统升级的JTAG调试端口。房间内各终端采集到的数据能够通过宽带接口汇总到该嵌入式设备。③ The overall structure of the wall-mounted terminal equipment is shown in Figure 5. A wall-mounted terminal is installed at the entrance of each user’s home. The terminal is a high-performance embedded system developed based on the ARM microprocessor. The system has the advantages of small size, low power consumption, and reliable operation. It integrates wifi, broadband interface, remote wireless communication module, storage module, RS232 serial port, USB interface, touch screen, independent power supply, voice module and JTAG debugging port for system upgrade. The data collected by each terminal in the room can be summarized to the embedded device through the broadband interface.

④新型暖气计价表整体结构如图6所示,考虑设计一种集入户水温、水压和流量等因素为一体进行收费的新型暖气计价表,并集成无线通信模块,实时将用户的用暖信息传输给楼宇数据汇总终端和用户可操作设备,方便供暖管理指挥中和用户实时的了解暖气的使用情况。为防止因停电造成数据丢失和计量失灵,为该流量表提供独立电源和存储模块,用于掉电保护。④ The overall structure of the new type of heating meter is shown in Figure 6. Consider designing a new type of heating meter that integrates household water temperature, water pressure, flow and other factors for charging, and integrates a wireless communication module to monitor the user's heating in real time. The information is transmitted to the building data summary terminal and the user-operable equipment, which is convenient for the heating management command center and the user to understand the heating usage in real time. In order to prevent data loss and measurement failure due to power failure, an independent power supply and storage module are provided for the flow meter for power failure protection.

(4)用户端控制系统的设计(4) Design of client control system

用户端控制系统的设计主要包括用户端软件平台的搭建、用户端温度调控方法和用户端取暖费用的计量等三个部分。用户端软件平台的搭建,即基于墙体嵌入式设备开发用户端温度控制系统,通过该系统界面用户可以自由调控房间温度;用户端温度调控方法是将换热站调控中的控制算法应用到用户家庭的温度控制中;暖气热量的消耗包括公共耗热和用户室内耗热,因此用户暖气费用也应包括公共耗热面积均摊和室内耗热根据热量付费两个部分。The design of the user-side control system mainly includes three parts: the construction of the user-side software platform, the temperature control method of the user-side and the measurement of the heating cost of the user-side. The construction of the user-side software platform is to develop the user-side temperature control system based on the wall embedded device, through which the user can freely adjust the room temperature; the user-side temperature control method is to apply the control algorithm in the heat exchange station control to the user In family temperature control; heating heat consumption includes public heat consumption and user indoor heat consumption, so user heating costs should also include two parts: public heat consumption area sharing and indoor heat consumption based on heat.

(5)供暖管理指挥中心及其功能设计(5) Heating management command center and its functional design

主要进行供暖指挥中心软件平台的搭建,以及指挥中心系统的设计和管理界面的开发,以便更好的监督每个换热站的工作状态,并实现对换热站设备的及时调控。采用Oracle11g作为系统数据库,用于存储系统数据;采用java进行B/S架构的网络设计和系统应用软件的开发;选用Tomcat7.0作为系统Web服务器;利用JSP以及easy-UI等控件开发用户界面;利用Java Serverlet开发系统服务器;利用ojdbc14等控件连接oracle数据库;通过在java语句中嵌套SQL语句,对oracle数据库实现添加、删除和更新等操作。供暖管理指挥中心系统技术架构如图7所示。Mainly carry out the construction of the software platform of the heating command center, as well as the design of the command center system and the development of the management interface, so as to better supervise the working status of each heat exchange station and realize timely control of the heat exchange station equipment. Oracle11g is used as the system database to store system data; Java is used for B/S architecture network design and system application software development; Tomcat7.0 is used as the system Web server; the user interface is developed using JSP and easy-UI controls; Use Java Serverlet to develop the system server; use ojdbc14 and other controls to connect to the oracle database; implement operations such as adding, deleting and updating the oracle database by nesting SQL statements in java statements. The technical architecture of the heating management command center system is shown in Figure 7.

Claims (10)

1.该城市供热能耗智慧化管理与控制技术平台是针对城市集中供热能耗管网,研发的一种实时动态能耗运营监控系统,以用户端温度调控为目的,以整个管网供暖设备调控为核心,分别对热用户、换热站和供暖管理指挥中心进行软硬件平台的搭建;其工作流程如下:1. The intelligent management and control technology platform for urban heating energy consumption is a real-time dynamic energy consumption operation monitoring system developed for the urban central heating energy consumption pipeline network. The heating equipment regulation is the core, and the software and hardware platforms are built for heat users, heat exchange stations and heating management command centers respectively; the workflow is as follows: (1)智能调节阀采集温度、流量和阀门开度等信息,经过电力载波模块向墙体嵌入式终端传输;(1) The intelligent regulating valve collects information such as temperature, flow rate and valve opening, and transmits it to the wall embedded terminal through the power carrier module; (2)每个房间内的智能温度控制器可以对该房间内的智能调节阀进行控制,从而间接控制该房间内的温度;(2) The intelligent temperature controller in each room can control the intelligent regulating valve in the room, thereby indirectly controlling the temperature in the room; (3)墙体嵌入式终端汇总所有房间的数据,并可以对所有智能调节阀进行控制,从而改变房间内的温度,然后通过电力载波模块将数据发送至楼宇数据汇总终端;(3) The wall embedded terminal summarizes the data of all rooms, and can control all intelligent control valves, thereby changing the temperature in the room, and then sends the data to the building data summary terminal through the power carrier module; (4)楼宇数据汇总终端通过GPRS模块将接收到的数据传输至上级换热站;(4) The building data collection terminal transmits the received data to the superior heat exchange station through the GPRS module; (5)换热站接收到数据后,将数据直接打包传输给城市供暖指挥管理中心,若传输不成功,则根据收到的数据,做出初步的调控,并设法进行故障报警;(5) After the heat exchange station receives the data, it will directly package and transmit the data to the urban heating command and management center. If the transmission is unsuccessful, it will make preliminary adjustments based on the received data and try to issue a fault alarm; (6)城市供暖管理指挥中心接收到来自换热站的数据,进行分析后,对换热站的循环泵、补水泵和阀门等进行相应的调控;(6) The urban heating management command center receives the data from the heat exchange station, analyzes it, and then adjusts the circulation pump, water supply pump and valves of the heat exchange station accordingly; (7)换热站接收到调控指令后,再次向城市供暖管理指挥中心发送数据以接收的响应;(7) After receiving the control command, the heat exchange station sends data to the urban heating management command center again to receive the response; (8)用户可以通过手机等移动终端下载相应的手机APP,实时监控家庭内部的供暖情况。(8) Users can download the corresponding mobile APP through mobile terminals such as mobile phones to monitor the heating situation inside the home in real time. 2.如权利要求1所述,将电力载波技术应用到城市供暖监控系统。2. As claimed in claim 1, the power carrier technology is applied to the urban heating monitoring system. 3.为每个家庭开发了墙体嵌入式设备,用户通过该设备能够实时的监控家庭每个智能调节阀的运行状态,从而间接监控该调节阀所在房间的温度和供暖情况。3. A wall-embedded device is developed for each family. Through this device, users can monitor the operating status of each intelligent control valve in the home in real time, thereby indirectly monitoring the temperature and heating conditions of the room where the control valve is located. 4.将模糊PID等算法应用到换热站运营和房间温度的调控中去。4. Apply algorithms such as fuzzy PID to the operation of heat exchange stations and the regulation of room temperature. 5.开发了城市供暖管理指挥中心系统,该系统具有故障报警、状态查询、状态切换、故障统计、参数设置和数据查询等功能。5. Developed the urban heating management command center system, which has the functions of fault alarm, status query, status switching, fault statistics, parameter setting and data query. 6.开发移动终端APP,用户通过下载该APP能够实时监控家庭内部的供暖情况。6. Develop a mobile terminal APP. Users can monitor the heating situation inside the home in real time by downloading the APP. 7.通过墙体嵌入式设备,为用户提供用暖指导,指导用户更加高效的利用热量。7. Through the wall embedded equipment, provide users with heating guidance, and guide users to use heat more efficiently. 8.综合考虑温度、压力、流量等因素开发新型暖气计量表,通过合理的用暖费用鼓励用户节约用暖。8. Consider temperature, pressure, flow and other factors to develop a new type of heating meter, and encourage users to save heating through reasonable heating costs. 9.系统采用Oracle数据库,数据库划分为实时监测数据库、系统数据库、设备信息数据库和专家知识数据库。9. The system adopts Oracle database, and the database is divided into real-time monitoring database, system database, equipment information database and expert knowledge database. 10.该发明的城市供暖指挥管理中心系统是利用java开发的B/S架构的系统。10. The urban heating command and management center system of the invention is a B/S framework system developed by java.
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CN114992704B (en) * 2022-05-26 2023-10-17 中电投东北能源科技有限公司 Intelligent heat supply man-machine interaction system and method
CN115751194A (en) * 2022-12-16 2023-03-07 南京信息工程大学 City heat supply pipeline monitoring system based on thing networking

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