CN103886205B - The metering method that a kind of fair determination basal heat takes - Google Patents
The metering method that a kind of fair determination basal heat takes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103886205B CN103886205B CN201410112586.0A CN201410112586A CN103886205B CN 103886205 B CN103886205 B CN 103886205B CN 201410112586 A CN201410112586 A CN 201410112586A CN 103886205 B CN103886205 B CN 103886205B
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Abstract
The present invention provides the metering method that a kind of fair determination basal heat takes, and comprises the following steps：Step 1：It is determined that national heat supply minimum standard；Step 2：In national heat supply minimum standard ± 6 DEG C, calculate each temperature and stop for the incrementss that radiated between the outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity at family and the family at adjacent family；Step 3：It is determined that stopping for indoor minimum heat supply temperature；Step 4：And the thermal losses to determine to be measured by make-and-break time method at times under lowest temperature condition, stop for the family basal heat expense foundation that i.e. heat waste is taken as this is collected.Using such scheme so that basal heat expense is that heat waste expense has specific standard and explains and can measure, and the influence to adjacent family is minimum；To heat supply user and whole heating system, stop keeping minimum temperature for user, can to greatest extent reduce housing heat-transfer.
Description
Technical field
Take field of measuring techniques the invention belongs to HVAC heat, more particularly to a kind of justice determines what basal heat took
Metering method.
Background technology
Basal heat takes, and also known as heat energy loss compensation, heat waste expense is called for short in many North Cities.Why basis is had
Heat is taken one and is said, comes from the particularity of central heating industry：Heat have conductibility, in heat supplying process exist with hot family to stop for family pass
Pass the phenomenon of heat energy.Therefore some cities put into effect impose uniformity without examining individual cases policy, to allow stop for user hand over 30%-50% expense based on
It is hot to take.
The charge reason of heat supply company：
First, stop that bigger energy resource consumption can be brought to user up and down and whole system for family, taken by basal heat
Supply heating enterprise, can preferably ensure the interests with hot family.
2nd, with heat side and the relation of heat supply side, it is not as the relation " buying a pair " like that of common buyer and seller
Simply.Reason is that some of which expense is changeless, and no matter whether resident family will occur with heat, is stopped for just making this portion
Be divided into this consumes in vain, thus heat supply unit need resident family stop for when receive this part expense.
3rd, the existing management system of central heating industry, be diversification participate in, enterprise profit-and-loss responsibility, never allow report stop to permit
Perhaps report stops, and vacant room from scratch, largely exists and rise year by year till now, the great variety of this heat supply market environment, by
This new problem for producing should be solved by making laws in time.
Basal heat expense should be handed over or not, stopped all being handled for family and stopped supplying, and also be paid to heating company, many north residents couple
This regulation be can't come round to the idea.And heat waste consumption is difficult survey, the specific standard of neither one and explanation, user is difficult to understand for and connects
Receive, the user for carrying out household-based heat metering is more difficult to understand and receive basal heat expense so that heat metering is difficult to promote and carries out.
Therefore, the prior art is defective, it is necessary to improve.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of fair determination basal heat takes
Metering method.
According to current China's HVAC system design installation specification, to reach the design temperature of requirement（Comfort level）, in apratment building
Each household is provided with that the radiator that the quantity of same design temperature is not waited can be reached, i.e. position is unfavorable（Side, roof, north orientation）
User can many dress heating, for equal area but position difference resident family, the heat of the unfavorable resident family's actual consumption in its position is more, but
The temperature for reaching（Comfort level）The resident family favourable with position is the same, and digital control heat supply managing and measurement Law are break-make at times
The fair metering of this principle is pressed in method of time measurement.
Technical scheme is as follows：
The metering method that a kind of fair determination basal heat takes, wherein, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：It is determined that national heat supply minimum standard；
Step 2：In national heat supply minimum standard ± 6 DEG C, calculate each temperature stop for family outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and
Radiate incrementss between the family at adjacent family；
Step 3：It is determined that stopping for indoor minimum heat supply temperature；
Step 4：To determine the make-and-break time method under lowest temperature condition by digital control heat supply managing and measurement Law i.e. at times
The thermal losses of metering, stops for the family basal heat expense foundation that i.e. heat waste is taken as this is collected.
Described metering method, wherein, determining to stop in the step 3 for indoor minimum heat supply temperature is dissipated by outdoor wall
The value of the incrementss that radiated between the family at heat and adjacent family influences minimum, and the entirety minimum determination of heat.
Described metering method, with the heat loss for determining to be measured by make-and-break time method at times under lowest temperature condition
Amount, wherein, the summation of the incrementss that radiated between radiating incrementss and left and right family between radiating incrementss are upper and lower family between the family.
Minimum heat supply temperature described in the step 3 is 16 degree, 17 degree or 18 degree.
Using such scheme so that basal heat expense is that heat waste expense has specific standard and explains and can measure, to neighbour
The influence at family is minimum；To heat supply user and whole heating system, stop keeping minimum temperature for user, can reduce to greatest extent
Housing heat-transfer, that is, reduction heat waste takes i.e. basal heat expense, it is ensured that the heat endurance of whole system so that use minimum heat
Amount, maintains whole building system to reach the requirement of design temperature；To set the thermal losses measured under lowest temperature condition, as
Collect this to stop, for basal heat expense in the family i.e. foundation of heat waste expense, can preferably ensure the interests with hot family, reduce heating enterprise
Loss, transfer stops the enthusiasm for family heat-insulating and cold, and reduction stops the actual expenses for family, allows and stops for family in voluntary equality of concluding the business
On the basis of can receive so that household-based heat metering work be able to advance and put into effect, give full play to heat metering in market
Decisive role in regulation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the inventive method.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The basis of present invention research and development is how basal heat expense i.e. heat waste expense to be collected on the basis of voluntary equality of concluding the business, there is provided
It is a kind of it is fair determine that basal heat take the metering method that i.e. heat waste is taken, make to stop the influence minimum to hot family and system for family, more
The interests with hot family are ensured well, and solution stops the bigger energy resource consumption brought to hot family and whole system for family so that disappear
Expense person enjoys the right of autonomous selection commodity or service.
An example in computational methods in the present invention, as shown in Figure 1：Calculate with 6m（It is wide）*12m（Depth）*3m
As a example by the apartment 1 of (height), to stop for family 101, stop for family 102 and stop for family 103 to be research object, stop assuming for family periphery
For heat supply family, enclosure structure heat transfer coefficient and window-wall ratio are as follows by unified standard result of calculation：
When such as stopping to be kept for 18 DEG C for family 101, it is 573w to stop for outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity；It is simultaneously increased between the family at two families of left and right
Heat dissipation capacity is 0w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 0w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 17 DEG C for family 101, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 25w；Simultaneously between the family at two families of left and right
Increased heat dissipation capacity be 26w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 43w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 16 DEG C for family 101, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 50w；Simultaneously between the family at two families of left and right
Increased heat dissipation capacity be 52w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 86w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 15 DEG C for family 101, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 75w；Simultaneously between the family at two families of left and right
Increased heat dissipation capacity be 78w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 129w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 14 DEG C for family 101, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 100w；Simultaneously between the family at two families of left and right
Increased heat dissipation capacity be 104w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 172w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 13 DEG C for family 101, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 125w；Simultaneously between the family at two families of left and right
Increased heat dissipation capacity be 130w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 215w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 12 DEG C for family 101, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 150w；Simultaneously between the family at two families of left and right
Increased heat dissipation capacity be 156w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 258w.
Stop often declining 1 degree from 18 degree of -12 degree for family 101, whole heating system energy consumption increases certain percentage, Zhi Daoting
Reached when being reduced to 12 degree for family radiating and from face family take heat it is in a basic balance, so calculate determine stop for family 101 family heat
It is optimal minimum temperature that temperature is 18 degree.
When such as stopping to be kept for 18 DEG C for family 102, it is 917w to stop for outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity；It is simultaneously increased between the family at the right family to dissipate
Heat is 0w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 0w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 17 DEG C for family 102, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 45w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 13w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 43w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 16 DEG C for family 102, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 90w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 26w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 86w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 15 DEG C for family 102, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 135w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 39w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 129w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 14 DEG C for family 102, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 180w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 52w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 172w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 13 DEG C for family 102, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 225w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 65w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 215w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 12 DEG C for family 102, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 270w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 78w, upper and lower two in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 258w.
Stop often declining 1 degree from 18 degree of -12 degree for family 102, whole heating system energy consumption also increases certain percentage on a small quantity,
So calculating determination stops for the hot temperature in family at family 102 being 17 degree to be optimal minimum temperature.
When such as stopping to be kept for 18 DEG C for family 103, it is 1490w to stop for outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity；It is simultaneously increased between the family at the right family
Heat dissipation capacity is 0w, below in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 0w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 17 DEG C for family 103, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 90w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 26w, below in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 22w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 16 DEG C for family 103, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 180w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 26w, below in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 43w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 15 DEG C for family 103, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 270w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 39w, below in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 65w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 14 DEG C for family 103, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 360w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 52w, below in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 86w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 13 DEG C for family 103, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 450w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 65w, below in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 106w.
When such as stopping to be kept for 12 DEG C for family 103, the heat dissipation capacity for stopping being reduced for outdoor wall is 540w；Increase between the family at the right family simultaneously
Plus heat dissipation capacity be 78w, below in every family between increased heat dissipation capacity be 129w.
Stop often declining 1 degree from 18 degree of -12 degree for family 103, whole heating system energy consumption reduces certain percentage on the contrary, but
Temperature is reduced again, the load for facing family has been overdrawed too much, also most district heating management method regulations, user in Heating Period
Indoor heating temperature, must not be less than 16 DEG C under normal operation.Stop the hot temperature in family for family 103 for 16 degree is optimal so drawing
Minimum temperature.
In sum, it is computed showing that determination stops the hot temperature in family for family for 16-18 degree is optimal minimum temperature, entirely
System power consumption will not increase substantially, wherein at 18 degree, the power consumption of whole heating system will not lose.But as people are relaxed to living
Raising and the extensive use of energy-saving and heat-insulating material that appropriateness is required, resident's heating temperature are generally higher than 18 DEG C, reach 20 DEG C -24
DEG C, in the case, the heat for stopping being consumed for family can also further decline, and this point is to stopping for family advantageously, to heat supply
For family, the heat of consumption is just more.So comfort level higher is pursued at heat supply family, it is to pay cost higher, therefore supply
Hot family should also try one's best, and to maintain design temperature more cost effective.On the basis of the above, it is assumed that the heat charge of every square of somewhere
It is 25 yuan every square annual by area, certain 100 square metres of each household, annual 2500 yuan of payment, if the user stops supplying, it will pay
Receive 30% expense i.e. 750 yuan, based on it is hot take, if not taking cold-proof heat insulation measure, from the heat that the family sheds, much
More than 750 yuan, it is often more important that its neighboring user and whole heating system up and down will be influenceed, whole system band is given
Carry out bigger energy resource consumption so that stop not reaching heating temperature requirement for the neighboring user up and down at family.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the metering method that a kind of fair determination basal heat of present invention offer takes, including with
Lower step：
Step 1：It is determined that national heat supply minimum standard；
Step 2：In national heat supply minimum standard ± 6 DEG C, calculate each temperature stop for family outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and
Radiate incrementss between the family at adjacent family；
Step 3：It is determined that stopping for indoor minimum heat supply temperature；
Step 4：With the thermal losses for determining to be measured by make-and-break time method at times under lowest temperature condition, as collecting
This stops for basal heat expense in the family i.e. foundation of heat waste expense.
Between determining to stop being the family by outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and adjacent family for indoor minimum heat supply temperature in the step 3
The value of the incrementss that radiate influences minimum, and the entirety minimum determination of heat.
Between determining to stop being the family by outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and adjacent family for indoor minimum heat supply temperature in the step 3
Radiate incrementss value, by last embodiment be calculated as be advisable no more than 573W-618W.
The summation of the incrementss that radiated between radiating incrementss and left and right family between radiating incrementss are upper and lower family between the family.If not
There is upper family, lower family, left family or right family, be then calculated as 0 during heat dissipation capacity between calculating family.Minimum heat supply temperature described in the step 3
It is 16 degree, 17 degree or 18 degree.When namely minimum temperature is these values, dissipated between the family at its outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and adjacent family
Hot incrementss are minimum, then consume energy minimum.
Using such scheme so that basal heat expense is that heat waste expense has specific standard and explains and can measure, to neighbour
The influence at family is minimum, and expense is also lower compared with existing precentagewise collects basal heat expense i.e. heat waste expense, so stopping supplying user
Can receive on the basis of voluntary equality of concluding the business.To heat supply user and whole heating system, stop keeping minimum temperature for user,
Housing heat-transfer can be to greatest extent reduced, that is, reduces heat waste and take i.e. basal heat expense, it is ensured that the heat endurance of whole system,
So that using minimum heat, whole building system is maintained to reach the requirement of design temperature.Basis is collected with existing precentagewise
Hot expense is that heat waste expense is compared, and precentagewise is collected, and stops being equal to open individual skylight to whole building system for family, to whole building
System increased area of dissipation, although precentagewise has collected the heat waste expense i.e. basal heat expense stopped for family, but stops for the upper of family
The neighboring user of lower left and right can consume more heats to maintain design temperature, but the ability of their heating equipment often reaches
Less than requiring, therefore whole system can be involved consume than the heat more than whole users all heating, can or whole building
System does not all reach the requirement of design temperature, stops the most serious for the neighboring user at family, therefore stop for family and hot family and heat supply
Enterprise all receives loss.Particularly whole building structure, because uneven in temperature, easily cause temperature deformation and ftractures, and influences whole
The service life of individual building.And to set under lowest temperature condition, during determining under lowest temperature condition by break-make at times
Between method metering thermal losses, stop for the family basal heat expense foundation that i.e. heat waste is taken as this is collected, can preferably ensure with hot
The interests at family, reduce the loss of heating enterprise, and transfer stops the enthusiasm for family heat-insulating and cold, and reduction stops the actual expenses for family,
Allow and stop receive on the basis of voluntary equality of concluding the business for family so that household-based heat metering work is able to advance and implement to reality
Place, gives full play to decisive role of the heat metering in market regulation.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the metering method that a kind of fair determination basal heat takes, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：It is determined that national heat supply minimum standard；
Step 2：In national heat supply minimum standard ± 6 DEG C, calculate each temperature and stop for the outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity at family and adjacent
Radiate incrementss between the family at family；
Step 3：It is determined that stopping for indoor minimum heat supply temperature；
Step 4：To determine that the make-and-break time method under lowest temperature condition by digital control heat supply managing and measurement Law i.e. at times is measured
Thermal losses, as collect this stop for family basal heat expense i.e. heat waste expense foundation；
Determining to stop in the step 3 for indoor minimum heat supply temperature is radiated between family by outdoor wall heat dissipation capacity and adjacent family
The value influence of incrementss is minimum, and entirety uses what heat minimum determined.
2. metering method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the incrementss that radiated between the family are to radiate between upper and lower family to increase
The summation of the incrementss that radiated between dosage and left and right family, the minimum heat supply temperature is 16 degree, 17 degree or 18 degree, is subtracted to greatest extent
Few housing heat-transfer.
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| CN112581112B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-02-22 | 陕西启迪瑞行清洁能源研究院有限公司 | Time-period-classified stepped heat charge metering method and device |
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| CN100458608C (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2009-02-04 | 程玉明 | Digital control heat supply managing and metering technical method |
| KR101390146B1 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-04-29 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Apparatus and method for evaluating building energy performance |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 住宅分户计量采暖系统与按热量计费技术的研究;廖嘉瑜 等;《节能》;20000630;第2、5-8页 * |
| 住宅户间传热与低限供暖保护的分析;王岳人 等;《沈阳建筑大学学报（自然科学版）》;20080630;第24卷(第3期);第476-479页 * |
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