CN103884545B - With water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter - Google Patents
With water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103884545B CN103884545B CN201410098661.2A CN201410098661A CN103884545B CN 103884545 B CN103884545 B CN 103884545B CN 201410098661 A CN201410098661 A CN 201410098661A CN 103884545 B CN103884545 B CN 103884545B
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Abstract
With water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter.The present invention relates to and have water on earth's surface and under the obvious environment of water-level fluctuation, collect the new device of atmospheric sedimentation particle, be specifically related to water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter.The object of the invention is the fixing difficulty of device, the poor stability that exist to solve existing method, device is easily submerged and collected particle is subject to the problem of outside contamination, is of the present inventionly made up of three support bars, float pallet, sampling bottle and filter screen with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter.Of the present invention have structure simply with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, and low production cost, is convenient to the advantage of outdoor operations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and have water on earth's surface and under the obvious environment of water-level fluctuation, collect the new device of atmospheric sedimentation particle, be specifically related to water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter.
Background technology
Atmospheric particulates are solid in air or liquid particles shape material, mainly comprise the particulate material of being discharged into the atmosphere by natural pollution source and man-made pollution source, such as: soil particle, sea salt particle, combustion fumes, pollen etc.Wherein atmospheric sedimentation particle is that suspension time is short and can be deposited to the component on earth's surface under self gravitation effect in atmosphere, because in this type of material air, proportion is relatively large, transmission dynamics is more weak, therefore become one of important pollution source causing local and regional environment deterioration.In recent years along with the continuous deterioration of China's atmospheric environment, also increasingly active to the research of the composition of atmospheric sedimentation particle, source and transmission dynamics, and invention relevant device scientifically to collect this type of material be the primary prerequisite of carrying out correlative study.
At present, collect atmospheric sedimentation particle on land and be typically employed in the method that a certain ad-hoc location fixes open-top receptacle (as glass beaker etc.), and there is following problem having water and carry out this type of work under the larger environment of water-level fluctuation: (1) is in the Wetland Environment having certain water level, due to soft floating raft or peat deposits, fixing of device is more difficult; (2) in the Wetland Environment having certain water level, due to the impact of the factors such as earth's surface Reptilia, insect, surrounding plants litter, its stability is difficult to maintain; (3) in wetland, the failure of an experiment is caused because water-level fluctuation makes experimental provision be submerged; (4) existing apparatus is generally open-top receptacle, and the particle of collection is easily by outside contamination; 5. the impact that gathering-device significantly fluctuates by wetland water level is fixed on traditional wetland ground, gatherer often occurs after placing a period of time tilting, side is fallen, even by the phenomenon of sinking after pouring water, cause the failure of an experiment, even if place multiple gathering-device to improve experiment effect simultaneously, its success ratio is also basic below 30%.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the fixing difficulty of device, the poor stability that exist to solve existing method, device is easily submerged and collected particle is subject to the problem of outside contamination, and provides with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter.
Of the present invention with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter by three support bars, float pallet, sampling bottle and filter screen form; Described floating pallet is equilateral triangle thin plate, the equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet is provided with the first through hole, equilateral triangle three the drift angle places being positioned at floating pallet are respectively arranged with a through hole, be respectively the second through hole, third through-hole and fourth hole, wherein said the second through hole, third through-hole and fourth hole are measure-alike; Described sampling bottle is arranged on first through hole at the equilateral triangle center being arranged in floating pallet, and the external diameter of sampling bottle matches with the internal diameter of the first through hole at the equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet; Three described support bars through being positioned at second through hole of equilateral triangle three drift angles of floating pallet, third through-hole and fourth hole, the external diameter of three support bars 2mm less of the aperture being positioned at second through hole of equilateral triangle three drift angles of floating pallet, third through-hole and fourth hole; Described filter screen is fixed on the bottle mouth position of sampling bottle, and the bottleneck size of filter screen size and sampling bottle matches.
Using method with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of the present invention is as follows:
First two floating pallets are stacked, keep coaxial between two floating pallets, and two floating pallets are 50cm along axial line distance, three support bars are penetrated the second through hole of equilateral triangle three drift angles being positioned at floating pallet, third through-hole and fourth hole, and ensure that three support bars are in the state perpendicular with surface level, then knock three support bars with iron hammer straight down by the top of three support bars, until three support bars firm stand on wetland;
Then superposed floating pallet is removed, sampling bottle is put into first through hole at the equilateral triangle center of the floating pallet being arranged in bottom, make the flat bottom surface 2cm exposing floating pallet of sampling bottle, then with hot melt adhesive, sampling bottle is fixed on floating pallet;
Take off the bottle cap of sampling bottle bottleneck again, filter screen rubber rubber band or thin wire are fixed on the bottleneck of sampling bottle, for filtering alien insect or dry branches and fallen leaves;
Finally after a sampling period completes, after taking off filter screen, use bottle cap sealing sampling bottle, then sampling bottle taken off from floating pallet and number, then carrying out next periodic sampling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Of the present inventionly to be applied in the Wetland Environment with certain water level with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, to demonstrate following advantage:
1) by support bar, gatherer is fixed, avoid the device caused due to soft floating raft or peat deposits and move.
2) by installing the mode of filter screen additional at receiving flask bottleneck, avoid the impact due to factors such as earth's surface Reptilia, insect, surrounding plants litters, thus effectively improve collection sample purity and experiment degree of accuracy.
3) due to the external diameter 2mm less of the internal diameter of through hole at equilateral triangle three the drift angle places being positioned at floating pallet of three support bars, this design can also allow it freely up and down move with water-level fluctuation under the condition that can keep floating pallet level, avoids because water-level fluctuation makes experimental provision be submerged and causes the problem of the failure of an experiment.
4) gatherer of the present invention is provided with bottle cap at the bottleneck of sampling bottle, achieves sealing, avoids the problem of particle easily by outside contamination in storage and transport process of collection.
5) gatherer of the present invention has structure simply, and low production cost, is convenient to the advantage of outdoor operations.
6) lifting that gatherer reliable realization of the present invention is larger.Sample after gatherer of the present invention, collector, because avoiding the impact of water-level fluctuation and can stably keeping vertical state, has made experiment success rate bring up to more than 90%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation with the pallet that floats in water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of collecting bottle in embodiment 13.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: being made up of three support bars 1, float pallet 2, sampling bottle 3 and filter screen 4 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of present embodiment; Described floating pallet 2 is equilateral triangle thin plate, the equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet 2 is provided with the first through hole 2-1, equilateral triangle three the drift angle places being positioned at floating pallet 2 are respectively arranged with a through hole, be respectively the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and fourth hole 2-4, wherein said the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and fourth hole 2-4 are measure-alike; Described sampling bottle 3 is arranged on the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center being arranged in floating pallet 2, and the external diameter of sampling bottle 3 matches with the internal diameter of the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet 2; Three described support bars 1 through the second through hole 2-2, the third through-hole 2-3 of equilateral triangle three drift angles and the fourth hole 2-4 that are positioned at floating pallet 2, the external diameter of three support bars 1 2mm less of the aperture of the second through hole 2-2, the third through-hole 2-3 of equilateral triangle three drift angles and fourth hole 2-4 that are positioned at floating pallet 2; Described filter screen 4 is fixed on the bottle mouth position of sampling bottle 3, and the bottleneck size of filter screen 4 size and sampling bottle 3 matches.
The using method with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of present embodiment is as follows:
First two floating pallets 2 are stacked, keep coaxial between two floating pallets 2, and two floating pallets 2 are 50cm along axial line distance, three support bars 1 are penetrated the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and the fourth hole 2-4 of equilateral triangle three drift angles being positioned at floating pallet 2, and ensure that three support bars 1 are in the state perpendicular with surface level, then knock three support bars 1 with iron hammer straight down by the top of three support bars 1, until three support bars 1 firm stand on wetland;
Then superposed floating pallet 2 is removed, sampling bottle 3 is put into the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center of the floating pallet 2 being arranged in bottom, make the flat bottom surface 2cm exposing floating pallet 2 of sampling bottle 3, then with hot melt adhesive, sampling bottle 3 is fixed on floating pallet 2;
Take off the bottle cap 3-1 of sampling bottle 3 bottleneck again, filter screen 4 is fixed on the bottleneck of sampling bottle 3 with rubber rubber band or thin wire, for filtering alien insect or dry branches and fallen leaves;
Finally after a sampling period completes, after taking off filter screen 4, seal sampling bottle 3 with bottle cap 3-1, then sampling bottle 3 taken off from floating pallet 2 and numbers, then carrying out next periodic sampling.
Being applied in the Wetland Environment with certain water level with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of present embodiment, demonstrates following advantage:
1) by support bar, gatherer is fixed, avoid the device caused due to soft floating raft or peat deposits and move.
2) by installing the mode of filter screen additional at receiving flask bottleneck, avoid the impact due to factors such as earth's surface Reptilia, insect, surrounding plants litters, thus effectively improve collection sample purity and experiment degree of accuracy.
3) due to the external diameter 2mm less of the internal diameter of through hole at equilateral triangle three the drift angle places being positioned at floating pallet of three support bars, this design can also allow it freely up and down move with water-level fluctuation under the condition that can keep floating pallet level, avoids because water-level fluctuation makes experimental provision be submerged and causes the problem of the failure of an experiment.
4) gatherer of present embodiment is provided with bottle cap at the bottleneck of sampling bottle, achieves sealing, avoids the problem of particle easily by outside contamination in storage and transport process of collection.
5) gatherer of the present invention has structure simply, and low production cost, is convenient to the advantage of outdoor operations.
6) lifting that the gatherer reliable realization of present embodiment is larger.After the gatherer of sampling present embodiment, collector also can stably keep vertical state because of the impact avoiding water-level fluctuation, experiment success rate is brought up to more than 90%.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is, three described support bars 1 are 10mm ~ 20mm and thickness is not less than the stainless-steel tube of 1mm for external diameter.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one or two is, three described support bars 1 are 15mm and thickness is not less than the stainless-steel tube of 1mm for external diameter.Other are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three is, the length of three described support bars 1 is not less than the maximum stage in environment for use.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four is, described floating pallet 2 for thickness be the equilateral triangle thin plate of 15mm ~ 25mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five is, described floating pallet 2 for thickness be the equilateral triangle thin plate of 20mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to six is, the material of described floating pallet 2 is wood materials or plastics that density is less than water.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to seven is, the diameter that the described equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet 2 is provided with a through hole 2-1 is 80mm ~ 120mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment nine: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to eight is, the diameter that the described equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet 2 is provided with a through hole 2-1 is 100mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to nine is, described sampling bottle 3 is plastic bottle.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to nine.
Embodiment 11: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to ten is, the height of described sampling bottle 3 is 100mm ~ 140mm, bottleneck diameter 70mm ~ 90mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to ten.
Embodiment 12: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to ten one is, the height of described sampling bottle 3 is 120mm, bottleneck diameter 80mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to ten one.
Embodiment 13: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to ten two is, the material of described filter screen 4 is ageing-resistant material.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to ten two.
Embodiment 14: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to ten three is, the mesh diameter of described filter screen 4 is 1.5mm ~ 2.5mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to ten three.
Embodiment 15: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to ten four is, the mesh diameter of described filter screen 4 is 2.0mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to ten four.
Embodiment 16: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to ten five is, described filter screen 4 and the bottleneck of described sampling bottle 3 adopt ageing-resistant rubber rubber band or thin wire to carry out bundle admittedly.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to ten five.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is verified by following examples:
Test one: composition graphs 1 ~ 3, being made up of three support bars 1, float pallet 2, sampling bottle 3 and filter screen 4 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of this test; Described floating pallet 2 is equilateral triangle thin plate, the equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet 2 is provided with the first through hole 2-1, equilateral triangle three the drift angle places being positioned at floating pallet 2 are respectively arranged with a through hole, be respectively the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and fourth hole 2-4, wherein said the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and fourth hole 2-4 are measure-alike; Described sampling bottle 3 is arranged on the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center being arranged in floating pallet 2, and the external diameter of sampling bottle 3 matches with the internal diameter of the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet 2; Three described support bars 1 through the second through hole 2-2, the third through-hole 2-3 of equilateral triangle three drift angles and the fourth hole 2-4 that are positioned at floating pallet 2, the external diameter of three support bars 1 2mm less of the aperture of the second through hole 2-2, the third through-hole 2-3 of equilateral triangle three drift angles and fourth hole 2-4 that are positioned at floating pallet 2; Described filter screen 4 is fixed on the bottle mouth position of sampling bottle 3, and the bottleneck size of filter screen 4 size and sampling bottle 3 matches.
Three described support bars 1 are 15mm and thickness is the stainless-steel tube of 1mm for external diameter.
Described floating pallet 2 is 400mm and thickness is the equilateral triangle sheet plastic of 20mm for the length of side.
Described sampling bottle 3 is 100mm, is highly ageing-resistant plastic bottle that 120mm and bottleneck diameter are 80mm for bottle diameter.
Described sampling bottle 3 bottleneck is provided with the bottle cap 3-1 carrying out sealing.
The size of described filter screen 4 and the size of described sampling bottle 3 bottleneck match.
Mesh diameter on described filter screen 4 is 2mm.
Described filter screen 4 and the bottleneck of described sampling bottle 3 adopt thin wire to carry out bundle admittedly.
The using method with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of this test is as follows:
First two floating pallets 2 are stacked, keep coaxial between two floating pallets 2, and two floating pallets 2 are 50cm along axial line distance, three support bars 1 are penetrated the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and the fourth hole 2-4 of equilateral triangle three drift angles being positioned at floating pallet 2, and ensure that three support bars 1 are in the state perpendicular with surface level, then knock three support bars 1 with iron hammer straight down by the top of three support bars 1, until three support bars 1 firm stand on wetland;
Then superposed floating pallet 2 is removed, sampling bottle 3 is put into the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center of the floating pallet 2 being arranged in bottom, make the flat bottom surface 2cm exposing floating pallet 2 of sampling bottle 3, then with hot melt adhesive, sampling bottle 3 is fixed on floating pallet 2;
Take off the bottle cap 3-1 of sampling bottle 3 bottleneck again, filter screen 4 is fixed on the bottleneck of sampling bottle 3 with rubber rubber band or thin wire, for filtering alien insect or dry branches and fallen leaves;
Finally after a sampling period completes, after taking off filter screen 4, seal sampling bottle 3 with bottle cap 3-1, then sampling bottle 3 taken off from floating pallet 2 and numbers, then carrying out next periodic sampling.
The advantage of this test is as follows:
1) by support bar, gatherer is fixed, avoid the device caused due to soft floating raft or peat deposits and move.
2) by installing the mode of filter screen additional at receiving flask bottleneck, avoid the impact due to factors such as earth's surface Reptilia, insect, surrounding plants litters, thus effectively improve collection sample purity and experiment degree of accuracy.
3) due to the external diameter 2mm less of the internal diameter of through hole at equilateral triangle three the drift angle places being positioned at floating pallet of three support bars, this design can also allow it freely up and down move with water-level fluctuation under the condition that can keep floating pallet level, avoids because water-level fluctuation makes experimental provision be submerged and causes the problem of the failure of an experiment.
4) gatherer of this test is provided with bottle cap at the bottleneck of sampling bottle, achieves sealing, avoids the problem of particle easily by outside contamination in storage and transport process of collection.
5) gatherer of the present invention has structure simply, and low production cost, is convenient to the advantage of outdoor operations.
6) lifting that the gatherer reliable realization of present embodiment is larger.After the gatherer of sampling present embodiment, collector also can stably keep vertical state because of the impact avoiding water-level fluctuation, experiment success rate is brought up to more than 90%.
Claims (10)
1., with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that being made up of three support bars (1), float pallet (2), sampling bottle (3) and filter screen (4) with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter; Described floating pallet (2) is equilateral triangle thin plate, the equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet (2) is provided with the first through hole (2-1), equilateral triangle three the drift angle places being positioned at floating pallet (2) are respectively arranged with a through hole, be respectively the second through hole (2-2), third through-hole (2-3) and fourth hole (2-4), wherein said the second through hole (2-2), third through-hole (2-3) and fourth hole (2-4) are measure-alike; Described sampling bottle (3) is arranged on first through hole (2-1) at the equilateral triangle center being arranged in floating pallet (2), and the external diameter of sampling bottle (3) matches with the internal diameter of the first through hole (2-1) at the equilateral triangle center being positioned at floating pallet (2); Three described support bars (1) are through being positioned at second through hole (2-2) of equilateral triangle three drift angles of floating pallet (2), third through-hole (2-3) and fourth hole (2-4), and the external diameter ratio of three support bars (1) is positioned at the little 2mm in aperture of second through hole (2-2) of equilateral triangle three drift angles of floating pallet (2), third through-hole (2-3) and fourth hole (2-4); Described filter screen (4) is fixed on the bottle mouth position of sampling bottle (3), and the bottleneck size of filter screen (4) size and sampling bottle (3) matches.
2. according to claim 1 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that three described support bars (1) are 10mm ~ 20mm and thickness is not less than the stainless-steel tube of 1mm for external diameter.
3. according to claim 1 and 2 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that the length of three described support bars (1) is not less than the maximum stage in environment for use.
4. according to claim 3 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that described floating pallet (2) for thickness be the equilateral triangle thin plate of 15mm ~ 25mm.
5. according to claim 3 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that the material of described floating pallet (2) is wood materials or the plastics that density is less than water.
6. according to claim 3 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that described sampling bottle (3) bottleneck is provided with the bottle cap (3-1) carrying out sealing.
7. according to claim 3 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that being fixed with hot melt adhesive between described sampling bottle (3) and described floating pallet (2).
8. according to claim 3 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that the material of described filter screen (4) is ageing-resistant material.
9. according to claim 3 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that the mesh diameter of described filter screen (4) is 1.5mm ~ 2.5mm.
10. according to claim 3 with water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter, it is characterized in that described filter screen (4) and the bottleneck of described sampling bottle (3) adopt ageing-resistant rubber rubber band or thin wire to carry out bundle admittedly.
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| CN201410098661.2A CN103884545B (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | With water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter |
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| CN103884545B true CN103884545B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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| CN107558461B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-06-09 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Reciprocating flow type river suspended particulate matter collecting device |
| CN108548698B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2023-08-22 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Water filtering type air pollen collector |
| CN110542592A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | wetland wind-sand retention and collection device and application method thereof |
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| KR101314165B1 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-10-04 | 건국대학교 산학협력단 | Buoyancey chamber for collecting gas in a paddy field |
| CN102636371B (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2014-03-26 | 北京师范大学 | In-situ time-phased sediment trap |
| CN202974729U (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-06-05 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Water surface gas sampling floating box capable of automatic lifting |
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