CN103884545A - Atmospheric settling particulate matter collector capable of floating along with water level - Google Patents
Atmospheric settling particulate matter collector capable of floating along with water level Download PDFInfo
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- CN103884545A CN103884545A CN201410098661.2A CN201410098661A CN103884545A CN 103884545 A CN103884545 A CN 103884545A CN 201410098661 A CN201410098661 A CN 201410098661A CN 103884545 A CN103884545 A CN 103884545A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel device for collecting atmospheric settling particulate matters under the conditions of existence of surface water and obvious water level fluctuation of water level, in particular relates to an atmospheric settling particulate matter collector capable of floating along with the water level, and aims to solve the problems that an existing device is difficult to fix, low in stability and easy to submerge and the collected particulate matters are easily polluted by the outside. The atmospheric settling particulate matter collector capable of floating along with the water level consists of three support rods, a floating tray, a sampling bottle and a filter screen. The atmospheric settling particulate matter collector capable of floating along with the water level has the advantages of simple structure, low production cost and convenience in outdoor operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to has on earth's surface the new device of collecting atmospheric sedimentation particle under water and the obvious environment of water-level fluctuation, is specifically related to the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level.
Background technology
Atmospheric particulates are solid or the liquid particles shape materials in atmosphere, mainly comprise the particulate material of being discharged into the atmosphere by natural pollution source and man-made pollution source, for example: soil particle, sea salt particle, combustion fumes, pollen etc.Wherein atmospheric sedimentation particle is that suspension time is short and under self gravitation effect, can be deposited to the component on earth's surface in air, because proportion in this type of material atmosphere is relatively large, propagate power a little less than, therefore become one of important pollution source that cause local and regional environment deterioration.In recent years along with the continuous deterioration of China's atmospheric environment, composition, the source to atmospheric sedimentation particle and to propagate the research of power also increasingly active, and invention relevant device scientifically to collect this type of material be the primary prerequisite of carrying out correlative study.
At present, collect on land atmospheric sedimentation particle and conventionally adopt the method at the fixing open-top receptacle of a certain ad-hoc location (as glass beaker etc.), and under the environment that water and water-level fluctuation are larger, carry out this type of work and have following problem having: (1) is having in the Wetland Environment of certain water level, due to soft floating raft or peat deposition, fixing of device is more difficult; (2), in the Wetland Environment that has certain water level, due to the impact of the factors such as earth's surface Reptilia, insect, surrounding plants litter, its stability is difficult to maintain; (3) in wetland, because being submerged experimental provision, water-level fluctuation causes the failure of an experiment; (4) existing apparatus is generally open-top receptacle, and the particle of collection is easily subject to outside contamination; 5. the fixing gathering-device in traditional wetland ground is subject to the significantly impact of fluctuation of wetland water level, gatherer place after a period of time often occur tilting, side is fallen, even by the phenomenon of sinking after pouring water, cause the failure of an experiment, improve experiment effect even if place multiple gathering-devices simultaneously, its success ratio is also substantially below 30%.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the fixing difficulty of device, the poor stability that exist in order to solve existing method, device is easily submerged and collected particle is subject to the problem of outside contamination, and provides with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level.
Of the present inventionly formed by three support bars, float pallet, sampling bottle and filter screen with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level; Described unsteady pallet is equilateral triangle thin plate, the equilateral triangle center that is positioned at the pallet that floats is provided with the first through hole, three the drift angle places of equilateral triangle that are positioned at the pallet that floats are respectively arranged with a through hole, be respectively the second through hole, third through-hole and fourth hole, wherein said the second through hole, third through-hole and fourth hole are measure-alike; Described sampling bottle is arranged on first through hole at equilateral triangle center that is arranged in the pallet that floats, and the external diameter of sampling bottle matches with the internal diameter of the first through hole at the equilateral triangle center that is positioned at the pallet that floats; Three described support bars are through the second through hole, third through-hole and the fourth hole of three drift angles of equilateral triangle that is positioned at the pallet that floats, and the external diameter of three support bars is than the little 2mm in aperture of the second through hole, third through-hole and fourth hole of three drift angles of equilateral triangle that is positioned at unsteady pallet; Described filter screen is fixed on the bottle mouth position of sampling bottle, and the bottleneck size of filter screen size and sampling bottle matches.
Using method with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level of the present invention is as follows:
First two unsteady pallets are stacked, between two unsteady pallets, keep coaxial, and two unsteady pallets are 50cm along axial line distance, three support bars are penetrated to the second through hole, third through-hole and the fourth hole of three drift angles of equilateral triangle that are positioned at the pallet that floats, and ensure three support bars in the perpendicular state of surface level, then knock straight down three support bars with iron hammer by the top of three support bars, until three firm standing on wetland of support bar;
Then remove superposed unsteady pallet, sampling bottle is put into first through hole at the equilateral triangle center of the unsteady pallet that is arranged in bottom, the flat bottom surface 2cm that exposes the pallet that floats that makes sampling bottle, is then fixed on sampling bottle to float on pallet with hot melt adhesive;
Take off again the bottle cap of sampling bottle bottleneck, filter screen is fixed on to the bottleneck of sampling bottle with rubber rubber band or thin wire, for filtering alien insect or dry branches and fallen leaves;
Finally, after a sampling period completes, take off after filter screen, use bottle cap sealing sampling bottle, then sampling bottle is taken off and numbered from the pallet that floats, then carry out next periodic sampling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Of the present inventionly be applied in the Wetland Environment with certain water level with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, demonstrate following advantage:
1) by support bar, gatherer is fixed, avoided moving because soft floating raft or peat deposit the device causing.
2) by install the mode of filter screen additional at receiving flask bottleneck, avoid the impact due to factors such as earth's surface Reptilia, insect, surrounding plants litters, thereby effectively improved collection sample purity and experiment degree of accuracy.
3) because the external diameter of three support bars is than the little 2mm of internal diameter of through hole at three drift angle places of equilateral triangle that is positioned at the pallet that floats, this design can also allow it under the condition of pallet level of keeping floating, and with water-level fluctuation, easy on and off moves, and has avoided experimental provision being submerged cause due to water-level fluctuation the problem of the failure of an experiment.
4) gatherer of the present invention is provided with bottle cap at the bottleneck of sampling bottle, has realized sealing, has avoided the particle of collecting in storage and transport process, to be easily subject to the problem of outside contamination.
5) gatherer of the present invention has simple in structurely, and low production cost, is convenient to the advantage of outdoor operation.
6) the larger lifting of gatherer reliable realization of the present invention.Sample after gatherer of the present invention, collector, because having avoided the impact of water-level fluctuation and can stably having kept vertical state, has brought up to more than 90% experiment success rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation with the pallet that floats in the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of collecting bottle in embodiment 13.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: being formed by three support bars 1, float pallet 2, sampling bottle 3 and filter screen 4 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level of present embodiment; Described unsteady pallet 2 is equilateral triangle thin plate, the equilateral triangle center that is positioned at the pallet 2 that floats is provided with the first through hole 2-1, three the drift angle places of equilateral triangle that are positioned at the pallet 2 that floats are respectively arranged with a through hole, be respectively the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and fourth hole 2-4, wherein said the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and fourth hole 2-4 are measure-alike; Described sampling bottle 3 is arranged on the first through hole 2-1 at equilateral triangle center that is arranged in the pallet 2 that floats, and the external diameter of sampling bottle 3 matches with the internal diameter of the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center that is positioned at the pallet 2 that floats; Described three support bars 1 pass the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and the fourth hole 2-4 of three drift angles of equilateral triangle that are positioned at the pallet 2 that floats, and the external diameter of three support bars 1 is than the second through hole 2-2, the third through-hole 2-3 of three drift angles of equilateral triangle and the little 2mm in aperture of fourth hole 2-4 that are positioned at the pallet 2 that floats; Described filter screen 4 is fixed on the bottle mouth position of sampling bottle 3, and the bottleneck size of filter screen 4 sizes and sampling bottle 3 matches.
The using method with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level of present embodiment is as follows:
First two unsteady pallets 2 are stacked, between two unsteady pallets 2, keep coaxial, and two unsteady pallets 2 are 50cm along axial line distance, three support bars 1 are penetrated to the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and the fourth hole 2-4 of three drift angles of equilateral triangle that are positioned at the pallet 2 that floats, and ensure three support bars 1 in the perpendicular state of surface level, then knock straight down three support bars 1 with iron hammer by the top of three support bars 1, until three firm standing on wetland of support bar 1;
Then remove superposed unsteady pallet 2, sampling bottle 3 is put into the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center of the unsteady pallet 2 that is arranged in bottom, the flat bottom surface 2cm that exposes the pallet 2 that floats that makes sampling bottle 3, is then fixed on sampling bottle 3 to float on pallet 2 with hot melt adhesive;
Take off again the bottle cap 3-1 of sampling bottle 3 bottlenecks, filter screen 4 use rubber rubber bands or thin wire are fixed on to the bottleneck of sampling bottle 3, for filtering alien insect or dry branches and fallen leaves;
Finally, after a sampling period completes, take off after filter screen 4, with bottle cap 3-1 sealing sampling bottle 3, then sampling bottle 3 is taken off and numbered from the pallet 2 that floats, then carry out next periodic sampling.
Being applied in the Wetland Environment with certain water level with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level of present embodiment, demonstrates following advantage:
1) by support bar, gatherer is fixed, avoided moving because soft floating raft or peat deposit the device causing.
2) by install the mode of filter screen additional at receiving flask bottleneck, avoid the impact due to factors such as earth's surface Reptilia, insect, surrounding plants litters, thereby effectively improved collection sample purity and experiment degree of accuracy.
3) because the external diameter of three support bars is than the little 2mm of internal diameter of through hole at three drift angle places of equilateral triangle that is positioned at the pallet that floats, this design can also allow it under the condition of pallet level of keeping floating, and with water-level fluctuation, easy on and off moves, and has avoided experimental provision being submerged cause due to water-level fluctuation the problem of the failure of an experiment.
4) gatherer of present embodiment is provided with bottle cap at the bottleneck of sampling bottle, has realized sealing, has avoided the particle of collecting in storage and transport process, to be easily subject to the problem of outside contamination.
5) gatherer of the present invention has simple in structurely, and low production cost, is convenient to the advantage of outdoor operation.
6) the larger lifting of gatherer reliable realization of present embodiment.After the gatherer of sampling present embodiment, collector, because having avoided the impact of water-level fluctuation and can stably having kept vertical state, has brought up to more than 90% experiment success rate.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is, three described support bars 1 for external diameter be the stainless-steel tube that 10mm～20mm and thickness are not less than 1mm.Other are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one or two is, three described support bars 1 for external diameter be the stainless-steel tube that 15mm and thickness are not less than 1mm.Other are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three is, the length of three described support bars 1 is not less than the maximum stage in environment for use.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four is, the equilateral triangle thin plate that described unsteady pallet 2 is 15mm～25mm for thickness.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five is, the equilateral triangle thin plate that described unsteady pallet 2 is 20mm for thickness.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to six is, the material of described unsteady pallet 2 is wood materials or the plastics that density is less than water.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to seven is, described the being positioned at diameter that the equilateral triangle center of pallet 2 is provided with a through hole 2-1 that floats is 80mm～120mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment nine: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to eight is, described the being positioned at diameter that the equilateral triangle center of pallet 2 is provided with a through hole 2-1 that floats is 100mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to nine is, described sampling bottle 3 is plastic bottle.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to nine.
Embodiment 11: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to ten is, the height of described sampling bottle 3 is 100mm～140mm, bottleneck diameter 70mm～90mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to ten.
Embodiment 12: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to 11 is, the height of described sampling bottle 3 is 120mm, bottleneck diameter 80mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to 11.
Embodiment 13: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to 12 is, described sampling bottle 3 bottlenecks are provided with the bottle cap 3-1 sealing.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to 12.
Embodiment 14: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to 13 is, is fixed between described sampling bottle 3 and described unsteady pallet 2 with hot melt adhesive.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to 13.
Embodiment 15: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to 14 is, the material of described filter screen 4 is ageing-resistant material.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to 14.
Embodiment 16: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to 15 is, the mesh diameter of described filter screen 4 is 1.5mm～2.5mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to 15.
Embodiment 17: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to 16 is, the mesh diameter of described filter screen 4 is 2.0mm.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to 16.
Embodiment 18: the difference of one of present embodiment and embodiment one to 17 is, described filter screen 4 adopts ageing-resistant rubber rubber band or thin wire to prick with the bottleneck of described sampling bottle 3 to consolidate.Other are identical with one of embodiment one to 17.
Verify beneficial effect of the present invention by following examples:
Test one: in conjunction with Fig. 1～3, being formed by three support bars 1, float pallet 2, sampling bottle 3 and filter screen 4 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level of this test; Described unsteady pallet 2 is equilateral triangle thin plate, the equilateral triangle center that is positioned at the pallet 2 that floats is provided with the first through hole 2-1, three the drift angle places of equilateral triangle that are positioned at the pallet 2 that floats are respectively arranged with a through hole, be respectively the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and fourth hole 2-4, wherein said the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and fourth hole 2-4 are measure-alike; Described sampling bottle 3 is arranged on the first through hole 2-1 at equilateral triangle center that is arranged in the pallet 2 that floats, and the external diameter of sampling bottle 3 matches with the internal diameter of the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center that is positioned at the pallet 2 that floats; Described three support bars 1 pass the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and the fourth hole 2-4 of three drift angles of equilateral triangle that are positioned at the pallet 2 that floats, and the external diameter of three support bars 1 is than the second through hole 2-2, the third through-hole 2-3 of three drift angles of equilateral triangle and the little 2mm in aperture of fourth hole 2-4 that are positioned at the pallet 2 that floats; Described filter screen 4 is fixed on the bottle mouth position of sampling bottle 3, and the bottleneck size of filter screen 4 sizes and sampling bottle 3 matches.
Three described support bars 1 for external diameter be the stainless-steel tube that 15mm and thickness are 1mm.
Described unsteady pallet 2 for the length of side be the equilateral triangle sheet plastic that 400mm and thickness are 20mm.
Described sampling bottle 3 is for bottle diameter is 100mm, the ageing-resistant plastic bottle that is highly 80mm for 120mm and bottleneck diameter.
Described sampling bottle 3 bottlenecks are provided with the bottle cap 3-1 sealing.
The size of the size of described filter screen 4 and described sampling bottle 3 bottlenecks matches.
Mesh diameter on described filter screen 4 is 2mm.
Described filter screen 4 adopts thin wire to prick admittedly with the bottleneck of described sampling bottle 3.
The using method with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level of this test is as follows:
First two unsteady pallets 2 are stacked, between two unsteady pallets 2, keep coaxial, and two unsteady pallets 2 are 50cm along axial line distance, three support bars 1 are penetrated to the second through hole 2-2, third through-hole 2-3 and the fourth hole 2-4 of three drift angles of equilateral triangle that are positioned at the pallet 2 that floats, and ensure three support bars 1 in the perpendicular state of surface level, then knock straight down three support bars 1 with iron hammer by the top of three support bars 1, until three firm standing on wetland of support bar 1;
Then remove superposed unsteady pallet 2, sampling bottle 3 is put into the first through hole 2-1 at the equilateral triangle center of the unsteady pallet 2 that is arranged in bottom, the flat bottom surface 2cm that exposes the pallet 2 that floats that makes sampling bottle 3, is then fixed on sampling bottle 3 to float on pallet 2 with hot melt adhesive;
Take off again the bottle cap 3-1 of sampling bottle 3 bottlenecks, filter screen 4 use rubber rubber bands or thin wire are fixed on to the bottleneck of sampling bottle 3, for filtering alien insect or dry branches and fallen leaves;
Finally, after a sampling period completes, take off after filter screen 4, with bottle cap 3-1 sealing sampling bottle 3, then sampling bottle 3 is taken off and numbered from the pallet 2 that floats, then carry out next periodic sampling.
The advantage of this test is as follows:
1) by support bar, gatherer is fixed, avoided moving because soft floating raft or peat deposit the device causing.
2) by install the mode of filter screen additional at receiving flask bottleneck, avoid the impact due to factors such as earth's surface Reptilia, insect, surrounding plants litters, thereby effectively improved collection sample purity and experiment degree of accuracy.
3) because the external diameter of three support bars is than the little 2mm of internal diameter of through hole at three drift angle places of equilateral triangle that is positioned at the pallet that floats, this design can also allow it under the condition of pallet level of keeping floating, and with water-level fluctuation, easy on and off moves, and has avoided experimental provision being submerged cause due to water-level fluctuation the problem of the failure of an experiment.
4) gatherer of this test is provided with bottle cap at the bottleneck of sampling bottle, has realized sealing, has avoided the particle of collecting in storage and transport process, to be easily subject to the problem of outside contamination.
5) gatherer of the present invention has simple in structurely, and low production cost, is convenient to the advantage of outdoor operation.
6) the larger lifting of gatherer reliable realization of present embodiment.After the gatherer of sampling present embodiment, collector, because having avoided the impact of water-level fluctuation and can stably having kept vertical state, has brought up to more than 90% experiment success rate.
Claims (10)
1. with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, it is characterized in that being formed by three support bars (1), float pallet (2), sampling bottle (3) and filter screen (4) with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level; Described unsteady pallet (2) is equilateral triangle thin plate, the equilateral triangle center that is positioned at unsteady pallet (2) is provided with the first through hole (2-1), three the drift angle places of equilateral triangle that are positioned at unsteady pallet (2) are respectively arranged with a through hole, be respectively the second through hole (2-2), third through-hole (2-3) and fourth hole (2-4), wherein said the second through hole (2-2), third through-hole (2-3) and fourth hole (2-4) are measure-alike; Described sampling bottle (3) is arranged on first through hole (2-1) at the equilateral triangle center that is arranged in unsteady pallet (2), and the external diameter of sampling bottle (3) matches with the internal diameter of the first through hole (2-1) at the equilateral triangle center that is positioned at unsteady pallet (2); Described three support bars (1) pass the second through hole (2-2), third through-hole (2-3) and the fourth hole (2-4) of three drift angles of equilateral triangle that are positioned at unsteady pallet (2), and the external diameter ratio of three support bars (1) is positioned at the little 2mm in aperture of the second through hole (2-2), third through-hole (2-3) and the fourth hole (2-4) of three drift angles of equilateral triangle of unsteady pallet (2); Described filter screen (4) is fixed on the bottle mouth position of sampling bottle (3), and the bottleneck size of filter screen (4) size and sampling bottle (3) matches.
2. according to claim 1 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, it is characterized in that described three support bars (1) for external diameter be the stainless-steel tube that 10mm～20mm and thickness are not less than 1mm.
3. according to claim 1 and 2 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, it is characterized in that the length of described three support bars (1) is not less than the maximum stage in environment for use.
4. according to claim 3 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, it is characterized in that the equilateral triangle thin plate that described unsteady pallet (2) is 15mm～25mm for thickness.
5. according to claim 3 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, it is characterized in that the material of described unsteady pallet (2) is wood materials or the plastics that density is less than water.
6. according to claim 3 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, it is characterized in that described sampling bottle (3) bottleneck is provided with the bottle cap (3-1) sealing.
7. according to claim 3 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, between the sampling bottle (3) described in it is characterized in that and described unsteady pallet (2), be fixed with hot melt adhesive.
8. according to claim 3 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, it is characterized in that the material of described filter screen (4) is ageing-resistant material.
9. according to claim 3 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, it is characterized in that the mesh diameter of described filter screen (4) is 1.5mm～2.5mm.
10. according to claim 3 with the floating type atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter of water level, the filter screen (4) described in it is characterized in that adopts ageing-resistant rubber rubber band or thin wire to prick admittedly with the bottleneck of described sampling bottle (3).
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| CN201410098661.2A CN103884545B (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | With water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter |
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| CN201410098661.2A CN103884545B (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | With water level float formula atmospheric sedimentation Particulate Filter |
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| CN110542592A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | wetland wind-sand retention and collection device and application method thereof |
| CN112189592A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-08 | 武汉市林业工作站 | Water bird breeding rescuer for coping with rain flood disasters |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107558461A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-09 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of reciprocal flow pattern river suspended particulate substance collection device |
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| CN110542592A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | wetland wind-sand retention and collection device and application method thereof |
| CN112189592A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-08 | 武汉市林业工作站 | Water bird breeding rescuer for coping with rain flood disasters |
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| CN103884545B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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