The Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment of irregular workpiece
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of laser processing, be specifically related to a kind of Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment of irregular workpiece.
Background technology
Laser processing technology be utilize laser beam to cut material (comprising metal with nonmetal) with the characteristic of matter interaction, weld, surface treatment, punching, micro Process etc. a special kind of skill.Laser Processing has been widely used in the national economy important departments such as automobile, electronics, electrical equipment, aviation, metallurgy, machine-building as advanced manufacturing technology, to improving the quality of products, labour productivity, robotization, pollution-free, reduce material consumption etc. and play more and more important effect.
In laser processing procedure, before carrying out laser beam flying, generally all require the focal length measuring the everywhere known on laser scanning manufacturing path in advance, to make to focus on surface of the work all the time during laser beam flying campaign.For regular shape workpiece, as rectangular parallelepiped, spheroid, cylinder etc., the traditional measurement method of focal length is all mainly measure based on height gauge and bevel protractor principle, as long as the focal length numerical value of some unique point of measuring workpieces surface, all the other positions to be measured can carry out calculating according to the regular geometric shapes of workpiece.
But, for the irregular workpiece of some special shape, special size, especially without special-shaped free curve surface work pieces or the split workpiece of Accurate Curve-fitting equation, measurement machining path focal length everywhere that must be intensive in advance before starting to process.For this abnormal workpieces, adopt common survey instrument measurement operation very inconvenient, even cannot realize measuring accurately.Such as, for large-scale erose processing work, itself not easily maybe can not move, when adopting laser to process (as welding, cladding, quenching etc.) to it, because measurer installation site is limited, and cause conventional gauges cannot measure owing to measuring the restriction in orientation and measurement range; For rear low situation high before processing work, the height gauge of conventional gauges is all horizontal measuring head structure, and it can be caused to occur to measure interference, and gauge head does not detect position below; If workpiece to be machined is flexible material (due to the mechanical contact force characteristic of Laser Processing, very general in technical field of laser processing), the pressure contact measurement mode of conventional gauges, can make workpiece deformation, thus also cannot realize measuring accurately.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment of irregular workpiece; This Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment can realize the Measurement accuracy of the Laser Processing focal length to irregularly shaped workpiece, hard or flexible material workpiece.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment for irregular workpiece, comprises base, height gauge, height gauge rotary components, lifting slipping block and bevel protractor and to stretch gauge head assembly;
Described base is that to have with bottom surface be the platform structure of level reference; Described height gauge rotary components is arranged on the top of base, the rotation center axis of height gauge rotary components and bottom surface normal parallel;
Described height gauge is vertically fixedly mounted on height gauge rotary components, with bottom surface normal parallel, can drive the rotation doing 0 ~ 360 degree by height gauge rotary components;
Described lifting slipping block is sleeved on height gauge, can along the upper and lower slippage of height gauge, glide direction and bottom surface normal parallel;
Described lifting slipping block is provided with the position locking mechanism for fixing lifting slipping block and height gauge relative position;
The described bevel protractor gauge head assembly that stretches comprises fixed arm and gage beam;
Described fixed arm is fixedly mounted on lifting slipping block, and parallel with height gauge, makes the bevel protractor gauge head component integration that stretches can be driven by lifting slipping block and do upper and lower sliding motion;
Described gage beam comprises angle square fastener, angle square one-level bar, angle square secondary bar and contacts pressure head;
Described angle square fastener is connected with fixed arm by articulated manner, and gage beam entirety can be rotated within the scope of 0 ~ 180 degree around fixed arm, and its center of rotation axis is perpendicular to bottom surface normal;
Described angle square fastener is also provided with angular sensor and display, and described angular sensor and display are respectively used to measurement and the angle between display measurement arm and the positive dirction of height gauge;
One end of described angle square one-level bar is fixed on angle square fastener, and the other end is connected with angle square secondary bar, and described angle square secondary bar can realize the telescopic variation of gage beam length along the inner chamber slippage of angle square one-level bar; Described angle square one-level bar, angle square secondary bar are marked with graduated scale;
Described contact pressure head is fixed on the end of angle square secondary bar, and described contact pressure head comprises semicircle pressure arm and optoelectronic switch, and is connected to the contact in semicircle pressure arm end portion;
Described contact is set with spring, and contact end is provided with contact-making switch, and when contact testee surface, when spring is compressed, contact-making switch sends on-off model;
Bottom the inside surface being arranged on semicircle pressure arm that the light emitting source of described optoelectronic switch is relative respectively with light-receiving device and the medial surface of contact, when the light between light emitting source and light-receiving device is blocked by testee, optoelectronic switch sends on-off model.
Preferably, described height gauge rotary components comprises rotating disc, turbine and worm gear train and driving-disc, and described driving-disc is provided with hand cranking handle; Described driving-disc is connected with rotating disc by turbine and worm gear train; Described rotating disc extends the upper surface of base, and described driving-disc extends the side of base; Described height gauge vertically fixedly mounts on the rotating pan.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention is a kind of space omnidirectional, duplex measurement combined measuring tool, combine the measuring principle of conventional height chi and bevel protractor, its function breaches conventional height chi and bevel protractor and is measuring the multiple limitations on orientation, measurement range, measurement material, and compact conformation, easy accessibility, use is simple and easy, measuring accuracy is high.
2, conventional height chi is when measuring different azimuth, need mobile or rotating base again to lay measurer, can bring like this floor installation space requirement large, lay the base fiducial error (base riding position in fact all can have roughness and flatness error) that inconvenience and multiple exchanging position cause; The present invention adds rotary display stand structure on base, by driven by shaking dish, make height gauge and bevel protractor stretch gauge head component integration rotate, again need not lay base, change the deficiency of conventional height chi firm banking, without replace cause fiducial error, adjust more convenient.
3, sounding rod of the present invention is that bevel protractor stretches gauge head modular construction, one fixed arm is fixedly mounted on lifting slipping block, and with bottom surface normal parallel, another arm is gage beam, gage beam entirety can be rotated within the scope of 0 ~ 180 degree around fixed arm, such gage beam can with on set angle tiltedly, level or lower tilted direction stretch out, this solves conventional height chi sounding rod fixing horizontal and stretch out, cause abnormal workpieces to measure the problem of interfering; And bevel protractor stretches, gauge head assembly adopts digital display mode, facilitates reading, accurately reliably; Lifting slipping block carries locking mechanism, thus bevel protractor stretches, the relative position of gauge head assembly and height gauge can lock, and is convenient for measuring.
4, in the present invention, the stretch gage beam of gauge head assembly of bevel protractor have employed the scalable rod-type of chi with a scale, makes measurement range greatly increase like this.
5, the gauge head position of gage beam front end of the present invention, have employed contact pressure head structure, when measuring hard material, ensures that contact contacts with surface of the work well, measures accurately reliable; The simultaneously design of semicircle pressure arm, can also make contact pressure head can walk around microspike obstacle near point to be measured when shallow trench (measure practical especially), the workpiece of low shape facility after high before also measure local zonule has.
6, in the present invention, the inner end of semicircle pressure arm have employed the design of optoelectronic switch, when measured workpiece be thin slice or flexible material time, once contact contacts with surface of the work, namely the slight curves of workpiece triggers optoelectronic switch at once, obtain when pre-test numerical value, its measurement considers the workpiece deformation of workpiece under gauge head External Force Acting, and result is more accurate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment of irregular workpiece of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of height gauge rotary components;
Fig. 3 is that bevel protractor stretches the structural drawing of gauge head assembly;
Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of contact pressure head;
Fig. 5 is the measuring principle figure of Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment;
Fig. 6 is the instrumentation plan of high rear low situation before workpiece;
In figure, the implication of each label is as follows:
Base 1, height gauge 2, height gauge rotary components 3, lifting slipping block 4, fixed arm 5, gage beam 6, rotating disc 31, turbine and worm gear train 32, driving-disc 33, hand cranking handle 34, lock-screw 41, angle square fastener 61, angle square one-level bar 62, angle square secondary bar 63, contact pressure head 64, semicircle pressure arm 65, optoelectronic switch 66, contact 67, spring 68.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
As Figure 1-4, the invention provides a kind of Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment of irregular workpiece, comprise base 1, height gauge 2, height gauge rotary components 3, lifting slipping block 4 and bevel protractor and to stretch gauge head assembly;
Described base 1 is the platform structure of level reference for having with bottom surface, and surfaceness is less than Ra12.5, below by the level reference of base 1 referred to as bottom surface.
Described height gauge 2 is vertically fixedly mounted on height gauge rotary components 3, with bottom surface normal parallel, can drive the rotation doing 0 ~ 360 degree by height gauge rotary components 3.Described height gauge rotary components 3 is arranged on the top of base 1, the two be mounted opposite orientation require be the rotation center axis of height gauge rotary components 3 and the normal parallel of bottom surface 1;
A kind of preferred structure of described height gauge rotary components 3 is: comprise rotating disc 31, turbine and worm gear train 32 and driving-disc 33, and described driving-disc 33 is provided with hand cranking handle 34; Described driving-disc 33 is connected with rotating disc 31 by turbine and worm gear train 32.Described rotating disc 31 extends the upper surface of base 1, and height gauge 2 is vertically fixedly mounted on rotating disc 31; Described driving-disc 33 extends the side of base 1.Rotate hand cranking handle 34 by hand during operation, rotating disc 31 can be driven to rotate, and then drive height gauge 2 to rotate.Certainly, height gauge rotary components 3 can also adopt other structures, such as gear set transmission etc., as long as it can drive height gauge 2 to do the rotation of 0 ~ 360 degree.
Described lifting slipping block 4 is sleeved on height gauge 2, can along height gauge about 2 slippage, its glide direction and bottom surface normal parallel; Described lifting slipping block 4 is provided with for the position locking mechanism of fixing lifting slipping block 4 with height gauge 2 relative position, this position locking mechanism can be realized by two lock-screws 41 screwing in lifting slipping block 4, can certainly adopt other latch mechanisms, the present invention does not limit this.
The described bevel protractor gauge head assembly that stretches comprises fixed arm 5 and gage beam 6, described fixed arm 5 is fixedly mounted on lifting slipping block 4, and parallel with height gauge 2, that is with bottom surface normal parallel, make bevel protractor stretch gauge head component integration can by lifting slipping block 4 drive do upper and lower sliding motion.
Described gage beam 6 comprises angle square fastener 61, angle square one-level bar 62, angle square secondary bar 63 and contacts pressure head 64.
Described angle square fastener 61 is connected with fixed arm 5 by articulated manner, and gage beam 6 entirety can be rotated within the scope of 0 ~ 180 degree around fixed arm 5, and its center of rotation axis is perpendicular to bottom surface normal.
Described angle square fastener 61 is provided with angular sensor and display, and described angular sensor and display are respectively used to measure the angle between the positive dirction of display measurement arm 6 and height gauge 2.
One end of described angle square one-level bar 62 is fixed on angle square fastener 61, and the other end is connected with angle square secondary bar 63, and described angle square secondary bar 63 can realize the telescopic variation of gage beam 6 length along the inner chamber slippage of angle square one-level bar 62; Described angle square one-level bar 62, angle square secondary bar 63 are marked with graduated scale, can obtain telescopic variation amount; Add telescopic variation amount according to angle square fastener 61, angle square one-level bar 62, angle square secondary bar 63 with the length sum contacting pressure head 64, namely can computation and measurement point to length with the pin joint of fixed arm 5 of angle square fastener 61.
Described contact pressure head 64 is fixed on the end of angle square secondary bar 63, described contact pressure head 64 comprises semicircle pressure arm 65 and optoelectronic switch 66, and be connected to the contact 67 in the semicircle last portion of pressure arm 65, described contact 67 is set with spring 68, be provided with contact-making switch, when contact testee surface, when making spring 68 by compression, contact-making switch sends on-off model; Bottom the inside surface being arranged on semicircle pressure arm 65 that the light emitting source of described optoelectronic switch 66 is relative respectively with light-receiving device and the medial surface of contact 67, distance between light emitting source and light-receiving device requires can be 0.1mm ~ 10mm according to measuring accuracy, when light between light emitting source and light-receiving device is blocked by testee, optoelectronic switch sends on-off model.
The process adopting above-mentioned Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment to carry out focometry is:
First, rotated by hand cranking handle 34, driven rotary dish 31 and height gauge 2 rotate to correct position; Near the height regulating height gauge 2 to tested point afterwards, last adjusting angle chi stretches the gage beam 6 of gauge head assembly, its contact 67 contacted on pressure head 64 is contacted with tested point, now reads the height value H of height gauge 2, bevel protractor stretches the angle value α of gauge head assembly; Calculated by height value H and angle value α, the height of tested point on workpiece can be obtained, and then realize the measurement to processing focal length.
As shown in Figure 5, by height value H and angle value α, the concrete grammar calculating tested point height Z on workpiece is: Z=H+Lcos α, wherein L is the length of gage beam 6, and angle value α is the angle between the positive dirction of gage beam 6 and height gauge 2.
As shown in Figure 6, in figure, two measurement points T1, T2 are front high rear low situation, adopt traditional survey instrument to interfere, cannot measure; And adopt Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment of the present invention can realize measuring easily, the wherein height Z1=H1+L1cos α of measurement point T1
1, the height Z2=H2+L2cos α of measurement point T2
2, between 2, difference in height is Z1-Z2.The situation of Fig. 6 is also applicable to the situation that there is not datum mark, such as when workpiece reference plane and Laser Processing focal length measuring equipment of the present invention lay reference plane not at same surface level, as long as any arbitrarily on selection workpiece is as altitude datum point, Z1 might as well be set to, then the height value Z2 that follow-up measurement point records, by calculating Z1-Z2, other positions can be obtained on workpiece relative to the difference in height of altitude datum point.
It is apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention can change into various ways, and such change is not thought and departed from the scope of the present invention.All like this to the apparent amendment of the technician in described field, by be included in this claim scope within.