CN103884130A - Ship refrigerator system capable of absorbing waste heat to assist in refrigeration - Google Patents
Ship refrigerator system capable of absorbing waste heat to assist in refrigeration Download PDFInfo
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- CN103884130A CN103884130A CN201410139876.4A CN201410139876A CN103884130A CN 103884130 A CN103884130 A CN 103884130A CN 201410139876 A CN201410139876 A CN 201410139876A CN 103884130 A CN103884130 A CN 103884130A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ship refrigerator system capable of absorbing waste heat to assist in refrigeration to solve the problems that waste heat is wasted and refrigeration depth requirements can not be met. The system comprises a compression refrigeration circuit, an evaporation refrigeration circuit and a diesel engine. On the compression refrigeration circuit, a lower-pressure compressor, a high-pressure compressor, a fluorine condenser and an intercooler are sequentially connected in series, then are connected with a lower-temperature refrigerator and a high-temperature refrigerator in parallel, and then are connected back to the lower-pressure compressor. A main communication circuit between the fluorine condenser and the intercooler branches to form a branch communication circuit, and an electromagnetic valve and a first expansion valve are connected to the branch communication circuit in series. On the evaporation refrigeration circuit, a steam generator, a fine stiller, an ammonia condenser, a second expansion valve, an intercooler, an absorber and a solution heat exchanger are sequentially connected in series and then connected back to the steam generator. A water tank is connected to the diesel engine to acquire heat and is communicated with a heat exchange pipe of the steam generator. According to the system, energy consumption is reduced, the fuel utilization rate is increased, and the refrigeration depth is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling, belong to technical field of refrigeration equipment.
Background technology
Modern ships is in navigation process, and diesel main engine is the capital equipment that boats and ships consume the energy, and its power consumption has occupied the 70%-90% of the total power consumption of whole boats and ships.But main frame thermal efficiency is low, less than 50%.Other heats are to be disposed in atmosphere or marine environment by approach such as exhaust, cooling and heat radiations, and also contaminated environment not only wastes energy.Discarded temperature is 260 ℃～400 ℃, and the outlet temperature of jacket-cooling water is at 70 ℃～90 ℃.
Ship air conditioning equipment is mainly take steam compression type refrigeration as main at present, air-treatment is carried out to dehumidification by condensation and cooling by refrigeration system evaporator to air, the cooling coupling air-treatment of this desiccant cartridge mode shortcoming is that refrigeration system evaporating temperature is too low, and we know that the lower refrigeration system efficiency of evaporating temperature is also lower, and boats and ships electric energy used is all from diesel generating set, therefore must brings and increase the weight of ship load added burden.The vapor compression refrigeration system cold-producing medium R22 that contains chlorine element used and a large amount of fuel oil carbon emission greenhouse gases can destroy ecological environment.
Due to the sharply decline of China coastal seas fishery resources and with the official signature of surrounding countries fisheries agreements and implement, the working space of China's sea fishery is more next and little, China's fishery economic is except the cultivation of development coastal waters, also must participate in development long range fishing, tuna is the first-selected fingerling of development long range fishing, but the special trait of tuna requires tuna storage, processing must guarantee the low temperature environment of-50 ℃ to-60 ℃.And condensation temperature is at 40 ℃, present golden rifle fishing boat is equipped with single machine compression with double stage machine for this reason.At present Distant water Tuna Fisheries operation ship for deepfreeze, Freezing System generally adopt piston type single machine two-stage unit, employing R22 makes cold-producing medium.Refrigerating plant adopts R22 to make cold-producing medium, and running efficiency of system is not high.Ocean fishing vessel is freezer stable operation, is furnished with specially diesel generating set, and its exhaust and cylinder cooling residual heat are very large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to have the problems referred to above for existing technology, proposed one and can utilize diesel residual heat auxiliary cooling, replace and carry out coolingly with ammonia-water absorption type unit, improve the marine vehicle cool house system of the absorption waste heat auxiliary cooling of fuel oil utilization ratio.
For realizing object of the present invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling, comprise compression refrigeration circuits and sweat cooling loop, also comprise diesel engine, in described compression refrigeration circuits, be connected in series in turn low pressure compressor, high pressure compressor, fluorine condenser, intercooler, then cryogenic refrigerator in parallel and high-temperature refrigeration device, then return and be connected to low pressure compressor; The main road top set that is communicated with between described fluorine condenser and intercooler goes out to be communicated with branch road, is communicated with on branch road and is connected in series magnetic valve and the first expansion valve; On described sweat cooling loop, be connected in series in turn steam generator, rectifier, ammonia condenser, the second expansion valve, intercooler, absorber, solution heat exchanger, then return and be connected to steam generator; Described diesel engine is equipped with water tank by heat supply, and water tank is communicated with the heat exchanger tube of steam generator.
In a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling, cryogenic refrigerator is positioned in low-temperature cold store, and high-temperature refrigeration device is positioned in High Temperature Refrigeratory.This device has three kinds of methods of operation, and the first is conventional operation, only moves compression refrigeration circuits, and compression refrigeration circuits was carried out cold running and realized cooling effect; In the time of the first method of operation, the refrigerant flow that flows through low pressure compressor, high pressure compressor is different, flow through the confidential flow more than low pressure compressor of high pressure compressed, and the real flow that only flows through low pressure compressor for freezing, the additional flow of high pressure compressor for another branched-refrigerant of cooling Liang Ge branch, makes it excessively cold in intercooler.Increase on the one hand thus the refrigerating capacity of unit mass in refrigerator, on the other hand for cooling low pressure compressor exhaust, reduce the energy consumption of high pressure compressor.The second is that compression refrigeration circuits and sweat cooling loop are all moved, but compression refrigeration circuits was not carried out cold running; When the second method of operation, the refrigerant quality that low pressure compressor flows through with high pressure compressor is identical.Produce cold with ammonia absorption refrigeration and replace conventional operation mode, by shunting expansion method for evaporation refrigerating at intercooler, from diesel power generation unit waste heat, can meet completely, can make thus the cold-producing medium degree of supercooling of refrigerator in freezer larger, thereby improve the refrigerating capacity of cold-producing medium unit mass, same refrigerator can improve evaporating temperature, further improve coefficient of performance of refrigerating, also can reduce compressor capacity.The third is for all moving in compression refrigeration circuits and sweat cooling loop, and compression refrigeration circuits was carried out cold running; When the third method of operation, be mainly used in, in the time that absorption pattern generation cold is inadequate, supplements a part and adding serious offense cold from condenser cold-producing medium evaporative cooling out, for improving cycle efficieny.
On the route in parallel of described cryogenic refrigerator, be connected in series the 3rd expansion valve, on the route in parallel of high-temperature refrigeration device, be serially connected with the 4th expansion valve.
Bonding pressure balanced valve between described cryogenic refrigerator and high-temperature refrigeration device.
Between described steam generator and rectifier, have forward stream and return to stream, forward stream is that steam generator flow to rectifier, and returning is that rectifier flow to steam generator to stream.
Between described absorber and solution heat exchanger, have forward stream and return to stream, forward stream is that absorber flow to solution heat exchanger, and returning is that solution heat exchanger flow to absorber to stream, is connected in series solution pump on forward stream.
Between described solution heat exchanger and steam generator, have forward stream and return to stream, forward stream is that solution heat exchanger flow to steam generator, and returning is that steam generator flow to solution heat exchanger to stream.
Described fluorine condenser has heat exchanger tube, and circulation seawater in heat exchanger tube, adopts seawater to carry out heat exchange Refrigeration Engineering, and the application of economization compressor and cold-producing medium thus has environmental protection and energy saving, a feature of draw materials convenience, economization cost and weight.
Described diesel engine is connected by generator drive, and low pressure compressor is driven and connected by the first motor, and high pressure compressor is driven and connected by the second motor, and generator, the first motor and the second motor form circuit by cable and connect.
Advantage of the present invention: compared with prior art, the marine vehicle cool house system of this absorption waste heat auxiliary cooling is arranging under the prerequisite of compression refrigerating system refrigeration cooperation, the waste heat evaporation ammonia-water that utilizes diesel generating set to produce, so that ammonia-water absorption type unit substitutes or auxiliary cooling, change thus the mode of utilizing of diesel generating set energy.Optimize refrigerating efficiency and refrigeration degree, realized the power consumption of economization compression refrigeration, be further equipped with compressor and reduce; Improve fuel utilization ratio, make fishing boat carry fuel oil and reduce, synchronously reduce the capacity of automatic system of marine diesel-generator group.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling.
In figure: 1, low pressure compressor 2, high pressure compressor 3, fluorine condenser 4, magnetic valve 5, the first expansion valve 6, intercooler 7, the 3rd expansion valve 8, cryogenic refrigerator 9, the 4th expansion valve 10, high-temperature refrigeration device 11, equilibrated valve 12, diesel engine 13, water tank 14, steam generator 15, rectifier 16, ammonia condenser 17, the second expansion valve 18, absorber 19, solution pump 20, solution heat exchanger 21, generator 22, the first motor 23, the second motor.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
Absorb a marine vehicle cool house system for waste heat auxiliary cooling, comprise compression refrigeration circuits and sweat cooling loop, also comprise diesel engine 12.In described compression refrigeration circuits, be connected in series in turn low pressure compressor 1, high pressure compressor 2, fluorine condenser 3, intercooler 6, then cryogenic refrigerator in parallel 8 and high-temperature refrigeration device 10, then return and be connected to low pressure compressor 1; Wherein cryogenic refrigerator 8 is positioned in low-temperature cold store, and high-temperature refrigeration device 10 is positioned in High Temperature Refrigeratory.
The main road top set that is communicated with between described fluorine condenser 3 and intercooler 6 goes out to be communicated with branch road, is connected in series magnetic valve 4 and the first expansion valve 5 on this connection branch road.On the route in parallel of cryogenic refrigerator 8, be connected in series the 3rd expansion valve 7, on the route in parallel of high-temperature refrigeration device 10, be serially connected with the 4th expansion valve 9.And Bonding pressure balanced valve 11 between cryogenic refrigerator 8 and high-temperature refrigeration device 10.
Described fluorine condenser 3 has heat exchanger tube, and circulation seawater in heat exchanger tube, adopts seawater to carry out heat exchange Refrigeration Engineering, and the application of economization compressor and cold-producing medium thus has environmental protection and energy saving, a feature of draw materials convenience, economization cost and weight.
On described sweat cooling loop, be connected in series in turn steam generator 14, rectifier 15, ammonia condenser 16, the second expansion valve 17, intercooler 6, absorber 18, solution heat exchanger 20, then return and be connected to steam generator 14.Diesel engine 12 is equipped with water tank 13 by heat supply, and water tank 13 is communicated with the heat exchanger tube of steam generator 14.
Between described steam generator 14 and rectifier 15, have forward stream and return to stream, forward stream is that steam generator 14 flow to rectifier 15, and returning is that rectifier 15 flow to steam generator 14 to stream.
Between described absorber 18 and solution heat exchanger 20, have forward stream and return to stream, forward stream is that absorber 18 flow to solution heat exchanger 20, and returning is that solution heat exchanger 20 flow to absorber 18 to stream, wherein on forward stream, is connected in series solution pump 19.
Between described solution heat exchanger 20 and steam generator 14, have forward stream and return to stream, forward stream is that solution heat exchanger 20 flow to steam generator 14, and returning is that steam generator 14 flow to solution heat exchanger 20 to stream.
Described ammonia condenser 16 has heat exchanger tube, and circulation seawater in heat exchanger tube; Absorber 18 has heat exchanger tube, and circulation seawater in heat exchanger tube.Adopt seawater to carry out heat exchange Refrigeration Engineering, the application of economization compressor and cold-producing medium thus, has environmental protection and energy saving, a feature of draw materials convenience, economization cost and weight.
Described diesel engine 12 drives connection by generator 21, and low pressure compressor 1 drives connection by the first motor 22, and high pressure compressor 2 drives connection by the second motor 23, and generator 21, the first motor 22 and the second motor 23 form circuit by cable and connect.
Using method of the present invention: the marine vehicle cool house system of this absorption waste heat auxiliary cooling has three kinds of methods of operation, and the first is conventional operation, only moves compression refrigeration circuits, and compression refrigeration circuits was carried out cold running; Be absorption ammonia refrigeration system in off position, the Two-stage Compression refrigerating state that only has low pressure compressor 1 and high pressure compressor 2 to work, for high low-temperature cold store provides cold.At this moment magnetic valve 4 is channel status, cold-producing medium is pressed into fluorine condenser 3 by high pressure compressor 2, cold-producing medium becomes saturated liquid state thus, cold-producing medium is divided into two before intercooler 6 subsequently, in the heat exchange coil of an inflow intercooler 6, another is through magnetic valve 4 and the first expansion valve 5, in the interior evaporation of intercooler 6, thereby the cold-producing medium in heat exchanging coil pipe carries out saturatedly making it excessively cold, cross cold-producing medium after cold along separate routes by the 3rd expansion valve 7, the 4th expansion valve 9, and then bifurcation flows into high-temperature refrigeration device 10, cryogenic refrigerator 8, high to realize, the refrigerating operation of low-temperature cold store.
In the time of the first method of operation, the refrigerant flow that flows through low pressure compressor 1, high pressure compressor 2 is different, flowing through high pressure compressor 2 will be more than the flow of low pressure compressor 1, and the real flow that only flows through low pressure compressor 1 for freezing, the additional flow of high pressure compressor 2 for another branched-refrigerant of cooling Liang Ge branch, makes it excessively cold in intercooler 6.Increase on the one hand thus the refrigerating capacity of unit mass in refrigerator, on the other hand for cooling low pressure compressor 1 exhaust, reduce the energy consumption of high pressure compressor 2.
The second is that compression refrigeration circuits and sweat cooling loop are all moved, but compression refrigeration circuits was not carried out cold running.Absorption ammonia refrigeration system and the conventional two-stage compression system state of all devoting oneself to work, but at this moment magnetic valve 4 in closed condition.Rely on the water in diesel engine 12 and main frame cylinder cooling water and exhaust heat heating water tank 13, make it be warming up to 80 ℃～90 ℃.Hot water is at the rare ammonia-aqueous solution of the interior heating of steam generator 14, ammonia is evaporated from the aqueous solution, then through rectifier 15, ammonia is separated from water vapour, be cooled to liquefied ammonia through ammonia condenser 16 again, then through the second expansion valve 17 throttling actions, evaporation in intercooler 6, for the cold-producing medium of saturated heat exchange coil, its large temperature difference is crossed cold to increase for cold, cross cold-producing medium after cold along separate routes by the 3rd expansion valve 7, the 4th expansion valve 9, and then bifurcation flows into high-temperature refrigeration device 10, cryogenic refrigerator 8, to realize the refrigerating operation of high and low temperature freezer.Ammonia is again absorbed by water in inflow absorber 18 after evaporation gasification on the other hand, and its heat of solution taken away by seawater, and ammonia-aqueous solution, by solution pump 19 blowback steam generators 14, passes through solution heat exchanger 20 therebetween, by the hot water heating from steam generator 14.
When the second method of operation, the refrigerant quality that low pressure compressor 1 flows through with high pressure compressor 2 is identical.Produce cold with ammonia absorption refrigeration and replace conventional operation mode, by shunting expansion method for evaporation refrigerating at intercooler 6, from 21 groups of waste heats of diesel engine 12 generator, can meet completely, can make thus the cold-producing medium degree of supercooling of refrigerator in freezer larger, thereby improve the refrigerating capacity of cold-producing medium unit mass, same refrigerator can improve evaporating temperature, further improve coefficient of performance of refrigerating, also can reduce compressor capacity.
The third is for all moving in compression refrigeration circuits and sweat cooling loop, and compression refrigeration circuits was carried out cold running.Be absorption ammonia refrigeration system and the conventional two-stage compression system state of all devoting oneself to work, at this moment magnetic valve 4 is opening states.In conjunction with first two operation, and the cold that absorption ammonia refrigeration system produces is for making the cold-producing medium that enters refrigerator in degree of depth supercooled state, to improve refrigeration system efficiency.
When the third method of operation, be mainly used in, in the time that absorption pattern generation cold is inadequate, supplements a part and adding serious offense cold from condenser cold-producing medium evaporative cooling out, for improving cycle efficieny.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although more used the terms such as low pressure compressor 1, high pressure compressor 2, fluorine condenser 3, magnetic valve 4, the first expansion valve 5, intercooler 6, the 3rd expansion valve 7, cryogenic refrigerator 8, the 4th expansion valve 9, high-temperature refrigeration device 10, equilibrated valve 11, diesel engine 12, water tank 13, steam generator 14, rectifier 15, ammonia condenser 16, the second expansion valve 17, absorber 18, solution pump 19, solution heat exchanger 20, generator 21, the first motor 22, the second motor 23 herein, do not got rid of the possibility that uses other term.Use these terms to be only used to describe more easily and explain essence of the present invention; They are construed to any additional restriction is all contrary with spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. one kind absorbs the marine vehicle cool house system of waste heat auxiliary cooling, comprise compression refrigeration circuits and sweat cooling loop, also comprise diesel engine 12, it is characterized in that: in described compression refrigeration circuits, be connected in series in turn low pressure compressor 1, high pressure compressor 2, fluorine condenser 3, intercooler 6, then cryogenic refrigerator in parallel 8 and high-temperature refrigeration device 10, then return and be connected to low pressure compressor 1; The main road top set that is communicated with between fluorine condenser 3 and intercooler 6 goes out to be communicated with branch road, be communicated with on branch road and be connected in series magnetic valve 4 and the first expansion valve 5, on sweat cooling loop, be connected in series in turn steam generator 14, rectifier 15, ammonia condenser 16, the second expansion valve 17, intercooler 6, absorber 18, solution heat exchanger 20, then return and be connected to steam generator 14; Diesel engine 12 is equipped with water tank 13 by heat supply, and water tank 13 is communicated with the heat exchanger tube of steam generator 14.
2. a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the route in parallel of described cryogenic refrigerator 8, be connected in series the 3rd expansion valve 7, be serially connected with the 4th expansion valve 9 on the route in parallel of high-temperature refrigeration device 10.
3. a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Bonding pressure balanced valve 11 between described cryogenic refrigerator 8 and high-temperature refrigeration device 10.
4. a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described steam generator 14 and rectifier 15, there is forward stream and return to stream, forward stream is that steam generator 14 flow to rectifier 15, and described time is that rectifier 15 flow to steam generator 14 to stream.
5. a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described absorber 18 and solution heat exchanger 20, there is forward stream and return to stream, forward stream is that absorber 18 flow to solution heat exchanger 20, returning is that solution heat exchanger 20 flow to absorber 18 to stream, is connected in series solution pump 19 on forward stream.
6. a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described solution heat exchanger 20 and steam generator 14, there is forward stream and return to stream, forward stream is that solution heat exchanger 20 flow to steam generator 14, and returning is that steam generator 14 flow to solution heat exchanger 20 to stream.
7. according to a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling described in any one in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described fluorine condenser 3 has heat exchanger tube circulation seawater in heat exchanger tube.
8. according to a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling described in any one in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described ammonia condenser 16 has heat exchanger tube circulation seawater in heat exchanger tube; Described absorber 18 has heat exchanger tube, circulation seawater in heat exchanger tube.
9. according to a kind of marine vehicle cool house system that absorbs waste heat auxiliary cooling described in any one in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described diesel engine 12 drives connection by generator 21, low pressure compressor 1 is driven and is connected by the first electric 22 machines, high pressure compressor 2 drives connection by the second motor 23, and generator 21, the first motor 22 and the second motor 23 form circuit by cable and connect.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410139876.4A CN103884130B (en) | 2014-04-09 | 2014-04-09 | Ship refrigerator system capable of absorbing waste heat to assist in refrigeration |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410139876.4A CN103884130B (en) | 2014-04-09 | 2014-04-09 | Ship refrigerator system capable of absorbing waste heat to assist in refrigeration |
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| CN103884130A true CN103884130A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| CN103884130B CN103884130B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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| CN201410139876.4A Expired - Fee Related CN103884130B (en) | 2014-04-09 | 2014-04-09 | Ship refrigerator system capable of absorbing waste heat to assist in refrigeration |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016180021A1 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-17 | 上海海洋大学 | Switchable two-stage cascade energy-saving ultralow-temperature refrigeration system for ship |
| CN110040233A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-23 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | A kind of air-conditioning system of the efficient long battery life of boat-carrying |
| CN111735259A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-02 | 舟山浩睿蓝船舶科技开发有限公司 | Water product refrigerating device for ship |
| CN111923938A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-13 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Waste heat utilization system and control method for hybrid power rail car |
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| CN111923938A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-13 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Waste heat utilization system and control method for hybrid power rail car |
| CN111923938B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2022-11-08 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Waste heat utilization system and control method for hybrid power rail car |
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