JP3209355U - Injection type automatic cascade refrigeration system for tuna fishing boat residual heat recovery - Google Patents
Injection type automatic cascade refrigeration system for tuna fishing boat residual heat recovery Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005138 cryopreservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000036675 Myoglobin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010062374 Myoglobin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
- Y02A40/963—Off-grid food refrigeration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】燃焼利用率を向上させ、漁船のディーゼル・エンジンの排気を回収すると共に、噴射式冷凍装置の性能を改善し、漁船の低温凍結保存の要求を満たす前提で、省エネ・排出削減に優位性を持つマグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置を提供する。【解決手段】噴射装置１、凝縮器２、気液分離器３、高温レベル濾過乾燥装置４、高温レベルスロットル５、蒸発凝縮器６、低温レベル濾過乾燥装置７、低温レベルスロットル８、蒸発器９、蓄熱器１０、低温レベル電気式調節弁１１、高温レベル電気式調節弁１２、排気駆動過給機１３、循環ポンプ１４、発電機１５、ディーゼル・エンジン１６、発生器１７を含むマグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置において、蒸発凝縮器と凝縮器との間に噴射装置が設けられ、噴射装置と蒸発凝縮器との間に排気駆動過給機が設けられる。【選択図】図１[PROBLEMS] To improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions on the premise of improving the combustion utilization rate, recovering the exhaust of a fishing boat's diesel engine, improving the performance of the injection refrigeration system, and satisfying the requirement of cryogenic cryopreservation of the fishing boat A jet-type automatic cascade refrigeration system for recovering residual heat from tuna fishing boats. An injection device, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a high-temperature level filtration and drying device, a high-temperature level throttle, an evaporation condenser, a low-temperature level filtration and drying device, a low-temperature level throttle, and an evaporator. , Regenerator 10, low temperature level electric control valve 11, high temperature level electric control valve 12, exhaust drive supercharger 13, circulation pump 14, generator 15, diesel engine 16, generator 17 In the injection type automatic cascade refrigeration apparatus, an injection device is provided between the evaporation condenser and the condenser, and an exhaust driving supercharger is provided between the injection device and the evaporation condenser. [Selection] Figure 1
Description
本考案は、冷凍及び低温技術分野に属し、噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置に関し、特に、増圧器付きのマグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード低温冷凍装置に関する。 The present invention belongs to the field of refrigeration and low temperature technology, and relates to an injection type automatic cascade refrigeration apparatus, and more particularly to an injection type automatic cascade low temperature refrigeration apparatus for recovering residual heat of a tuna fishing boat with a pressure intensifier.
海洋経済の重要な構成部分として、遠洋漁業は、重要な経済的利益及び資源的意義を有するだけではなく、海洋権益、食品供給安全、外交戦略及び国際協力等にも関わっている。近海漁業の資源が日増しに枯渇するにつれて、遠洋漁業資源の開発や利用がますます注目されている。マグロは、高タンパク、低脂肪の高い商品価値を有する大型外洋性の重要な市販の食用魚として、遠洋漁業の重要な魚種であるが、その魚肉に非常に酸化されやすいミオグロビンが多く含まれるので、−５５℃の凍結温度、−５０℃の冷蔵温度が要求されている。現在、中国において、大部分の漁船は、往復動型の単機二段圧縮冷凍装置によって相応の低温雰囲気を形成し、冷凍冷媒としてＲ２２を使用する。しかしながら、この装置は、漁船の低温冷凍分野に適用され、その性能最適化及び冷凍剤の点でまだ様々な問題がある。大部分の遠洋漁船は、推進装置としてディーゼルエンジンを採用し、そのパワーが高いが、排気及びシリンダーの冷却余熱も大きく、これらの低品質なエネルギーが常に直接浪費されてしまう。この部分のエネルギーを効果的に利用できれば、エネルギーを大量に節約すると共に、排気を余すところなく利用し、有害ガスの排出を減少させることができる。 As an important component of the marine economy, pelagic fisheries not only have important economic and resource significance, but are also involved in marine interests, food supply security, diplomatic strategies and international cooperation. As the resources of near-shore fisheries are depleted day by day, the development and utilization of pelagic fishery resources are gaining more and more attention. Tuna is an important offshore fishery that is an important offshore fish with high protein, low fat and high commercial value, but it contains a lot of myoglobin that is very easily oxidized. Therefore, a freezing temperature of −55 ° C. and a refrigeration temperature of −50 ° C. are required. At present, most fishing boats in China use R22 as a refrigeration refrigerant by forming a corresponding low-temperature atmosphere by a reciprocating single-unit two-stage compression refrigeration system. However, this device is applied to the low-temperature refrigeration field of fishing boats, and there are still various problems in terms of performance optimization and freezing agents. Most pelagic fishing boats employ a diesel engine as a propulsion device and have high power, but the exhaust and cylinder cooling residual heat is also large, and these low-quality energy is always wasted directly. If this part of the energy can be used effectively, a large amount of energy can be saved, exhaust gas can be used fully, and harmful gas emissions can be reduced.
漁船のディーゼル・エンジンの排気の余熱によるエネルギー浪費の問題を解決するために、公開第ＣＮ２０３８３７３６９Ｕ号の特許文献には、マグロ漁船余熱吸収用の冷凍カスケード圧縮冷凍冷蔵庫装置が公開される。このマグロ漁船余熱吸収用の冷凍カスケード圧縮冷凍冷蔵庫装置は、発電機、ディーゼル・エンジン、温水タンク、蒸気発生装置、精溜器、凝縮器、膨張弁、蒸発凝縮器、吸収器、溶液ポンプ、溶液熱交換器及びＲ２２冷凍システムを含む。前記ディーゼル・エンジンが発電機に接続され、発電機がＲ２２冷凍システムと接続し、ディーゼル・エンジン上の温水タンクが管路を介して蒸気発生装置につながり、蒸気発生装置が管路を介して順次に精溜器、凝縮器、膨張弁、蒸発凝縮器、吸収器、溶液ポンプ、溶液熱交換器と接続し、蒸発凝縮器の放熱端がＲ２２冷凍システムにつながり、凝縮器、吸収器の冷却端が海水導管につながる。Ｒ２２冷凍システムの冷凍剤が蒸発凝縮器においてアンモニアによって蒸発して液体冷凍剤に凝縮し、液体貯蔵タンクに流れ、それぞれ高温・低温冷蔵庫の負荷に基づいて所望の冷凍剤の流量になるように調節して、冷蔵庫の冷凍を作用させる。このように、システムは、漁船のディーゼル・エンジンの異なる品質なエネルギーの各々の特徴を余すところなく利用し、低品質な余熱を冷凍に適用し、燃焼利用率及び冷凍効率を向上させる。しかし、上記システムが吸収式冷凍を利用し、装置に自由液面があるので、遠洋漁船のように不安定な運行状態において、システムが漏れやすい問題がある。また、吸収式冷凍は、システムの気密性に対する要求も高く、遠洋漁船のような複雑な環境ではそれを容易に満たさない。そのため、遠洋漁船には、吸収式冷凍が利用されない。 In order to solve the problem of energy waste due to the residual heat of the exhaust gas from the diesel engine of the fishing boat, the patent document CN 203836969U discloses a refrigeration cascade compression refrigeration refrigerator device for absorbing the residual heat of a tuna fishing boat. This refrigeration cascade compression refrigeration refrigerator device for absorbing residual heat of tuna fishing boats consists of generator, diesel engine, hot water tank, steam generator, rectifier, condenser, expansion valve, evaporative condenser, absorber, solution pump, solution Includes heat exchanger and R22 refrigeration system. The diesel engine is connected to the generator, the generator is connected to the R22 refrigeration system, the hot water tank on the diesel engine is connected to the steam generator via a conduit, and the steam generator is sequentially connected via the conduit Connected to the rectifier, condenser, expansion valve, evaporative condenser, absorber, solution pump, solution heat exchanger, the radiation end of the evaporative condenser is connected to the R22 refrigeration system, and the cooling end of the condenser, absorber Leads to a seawater conduit. The refrigerant in the R22 refrigeration system evaporates with ammonia in the evaporative condenser, condenses into liquid refrigerant, flows to the liquid storage tank, and adjusts to the desired refrigerant flow rate based on the load of the high and low temperature refrigerators, respectively. And let the refrigerator freeze. In this way, the system takes full advantage of each of the different quality energies of fishing boat diesel engines, applies low quality residual heat to refrigeration, and improves combustion utilization and refrigeration efficiency. However, since the above system uses absorption refrigeration and the apparatus has a free liquid level, there is a problem that the system easily leaks in an unstable operation state like a ocean fishing boat. Absorption refrigeration also has high demands on the tightness of the system and does not easily meet complex environments such as ocean fishing boats. Therefore, absorption refrigeration is not used for ocean fishing boats.
噴射式冷凍は、低品質な熱エネルギーによる省エネルギーの冷凍形態であり、吸収式冷凍に比べ、可動部がなく、システム漏れの可能性を低下させ、遠洋漁船への運用の信頼性を向上させる。自動カスケード冷凍とは、沸点の異なる２種類以上の混合冷媒を冷凍剤として、１台の圧縮機を使用し、自然分離及び多段階カスケードの方法によって、高低沸点成分の間のカスケードを達成させるものであり、適当な圧力と圧力比条件で低い温度を形成することができる。従来のカスケードシステムに比べ、自動カスケード冷凍システムは、簡単な構造、低コスト、高信頼性及び長寿命等の特徴によって、一般的に、−４０℃以下の低温を形成することに用いられる。 The injection refrigeration is an energy-saving refrigeration mode using low-quality heat energy, and has no moving parts, reduces the possibility of system leakage, and improves the reliability of operations on ocean fishing boats, as compared with absorption refrigeration. Automatic cascade refrigeration uses two or more mixed refrigerants with different boiling points as a refrigerant and uses a single compressor to achieve a cascade between high and low boiling components by natural separation and multistage cascade methods. Therefore, a low temperature can be formed under appropriate pressure and pressure ratio conditions. Compared with the conventional cascade system, the automatic cascade refrigeration system is generally used to form a low temperature of −40 ° C. or less due to features such as simple structure, low cost, high reliability and long life.
本考案は、先行技術の不足と欠陥に対して、マグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置、及び噴射式冷凍と自動カスケード冷凍とを合わせた方法を提供する。漁船のディーゼル・エンジンの排気余熱の浪費等の問題を効果的に解決し、高い熱経済性を有する。従来の冷凍圧縮機がないので、システムの構造を簡単化し、信頼性を向上させ、また設備コストを低下させる。噴射装置の前に排気駆動過給機を加えることで、ディーゼル・エンジンの排気により駆動させ、ディーゼル・エンジンの排気を更に利用し、従来の噴射式冷凍のシステム性能を効果的に向上させることができる。 The present invention provides a jet automatic cascade refrigeration apparatus for recovering residual heat of a tuna fishing vessel and a method that combines jet refrigeration and automatic cascade refrigeration for deficiencies and deficiencies in the prior art. It effectively solves problems such as waste of exhaust heat from the diesel engine of fishing boats and has high thermal economy. Since there is no conventional refrigeration compressor, the system structure is simplified, the reliability is improved, and the equipment cost is reduced. By adding an exhaust-driven supercharger in front of the injector, it can be driven by the exhaust of the diesel engine, further utilizing the exhaust of the diesel engine, and effectively improving the system performance of the conventional injection refrigeration it can.
本考案は、上記技術問題を解決するために、噴射装置、凝縮器、気液分離器、高温レベル濾過乾燥装置、高温レベルスロットル、蒸発凝縮器、低温レベル濾過乾燥装置、低温レベルスロットル、蒸発器、蓄熱器、低温レベル電気式調節弁、高温レベル電気式調節弁、排気駆動過給機、循環ポンプ、発電機、ディーゼル・エンジン、発生器を含むマグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置において、蒸発凝縮器と凝縮器との間に噴射装置が設けられ、噴射装置と蒸発凝縮器との間に排気駆動過給機が設けられ、ディーゼル・エンジンが発電機に接続され、発電機が循環ポンプに接続されてその電力を提供し、ディーゼル・エンジンの排出した排気は、一方の分岐路が導管を介して発生器につながってその熱を提供し、他方の分岐路が排気駆動過給機に入ってその動力を提供し、排気駆動過給機を経過した排気と蒸発器の出口の冷凍剤とが蓄熱器において熱交換し、発生器、噴射装置、凝縮器、気液分離器及び循環ポンプが回路を構成して、噴射装置の連続的な作動に動力を提供し、冷凍剤が発生器において排気により加熱され、形成した高温高圧の蒸気が噴射装置に入って、蓄熱器及び蒸発凝縮器からの冷凍冷媒を噴射装置に吸引し、噴射装置の出口が凝縮器の入口につながり、凝縮器の出口が気液分離器の入口につながり、気液分離器は、気体冷媒出口が直接蒸発凝縮器に接続されるが、液体冷媒出口が高温レベル濾過乾燥装置及び高温レベルスロットルを介して蒸発凝縮器の入口につながる分岐路と、循環ポンプにつながる分岐路と、の２つに分けられ、蒸発凝縮器において、液体冷媒が吸熱して蒸発し、気体冷媒が液体に凝縮し、蒸発凝縮器は、一方の出口が低沸点液体冷凍剤であり、低温レベル濾過乾燥装置を経過した後で、低温レベルスロットルにより絞られて、蒸発器に入って吸熱して蒸発するが、他方の出口が高沸点の冷凍剤であり、蓄熱器の出口の低温冷凍剤とそれぞれ高温レベル電気式調節弁及び低温レベル電気式調節弁を経過した後で混合して、排気駆動過給機により噴出されて噴射装置に入るマグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置を提供する。 In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an injection device, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a high temperature level filtration drying device, a high temperature level throttle, an evaporation condenser, a low temperature level filtration drying device, a low temperature level throttle, and an evaporator. , Heat accumulator, low temperature level electric control valve, high temperature level electric control valve, exhaust drive supercharger, circulation pump, generator, diesel engine, injection automatic cascade refrigeration equipment for recovery of tuna fishing boat residual heat , An injection device is provided between the evaporation condenser and the condenser, an exhaust drive supercharger is provided between the injection device and the evaporation condenser, a diesel engine is connected to the generator, and the generator is Connected to the circulation pump to provide its power, the exhaust exhausted by the diesel engine is connected to the generator through a conduit to provide its heat and the other branch After entering the exhaust-driven supercharger and providing its power, the exhaust gas that has passed through the exhaust-driven supercharger and the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator exchange heat in the regenerator, and the generator, injector, condenser, air The liquid separator and the circulation pump constitute a circuit to provide power for the continuous operation of the injection device, the refrigerant is heated by the exhaust in the generator, and the high-temperature and high-pressure steam formed enters the injection device, Refrigerant refrigerant from the heat accumulator and evaporation condenser is sucked into the injection device, the outlet of the injection device is connected to the inlet of the condenser, the outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the gas-liquid separator is a gas The refrigerant outlet is directly connected to the evaporative condenser, and the liquid refrigerant outlet is connected to the evaporative condenser inlet via the high temperature level filtration drying device and the high temperature level throttle, and the bifurcated path connected to the circulation pump. Evaporative condenser divided into two The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates, the gas refrigerant condenses into a liquid, and the evaporative condenser has a low-boiling-point liquid freezing agent at one outlet, and passes through the low-temperature level filtration and drying device, then the low-temperature level. It is squeezed by the throttle, enters the evaporator, absorbs heat and evaporates, and the other outlet is a high boiling point refrigerant, the low temperature refrigerant at the outlet of the heat accumulator, the high temperature level electric control valve and the low temperature level electricity respectively. An injection type automatic cascade refrigeration device for recovering residual heat of a tuna fishing boat that is mixed after passing through a control valve and is injected by an exhaust driving supercharger and enters an injection device is provided.
高低沸点の冷凍剤気体が蒸発凝縮器及び蒸発器から流れて混合し、排気駆動過給機により増圧された後で噴射装置に噴出され、冷媒として次の循環を行う。 High and low boiling point refrigerant gas flows and mixes from the evaporation condenser and the evaporator, and is increased in pressure by the exhaust drive supercharger, and then injected into the injection device to perform the next circulation as a refrigerant.
従来の冷凍圧縮機の代わりに噴射装置及び排気駆動過給機を利用することで、装置の可動部を減少させ、信頼性を向上させ、設備の寿命を延長させ、設備コスト及びメンテナンスコストを低下させ、また電気エネルギーの消耗を減少させる。 By using an injection device and an exhaust-driven supercharger instead of a conventional refrigeration compressor, the moving parts of the device are reduced, reliability is improved, equipment life is extended, and equipment costs and maintenance costs are reduced. And reduce the consumption of electrical energy.
噴射装置は、円錐状の混合式噴射装置であり、圧縮比が２．６より大きく、噴射係数が５より大きい場合に、噴射式冷凍のシステム性能を向上させることができる。 The injection device is a conical mixing type injection device, and can improve the system performance of the injection refrigeration when the compression ratio is larger than 2.6 and the injection coefficient is larger than 5.
噴出圧力を向上させ、噴射装置の性能を効果的に向上させるために、噴射装置の入口の前に排気駆動過給機が設けられる。 In order to improve the jet pressure and effectively improve the performance of the injector, an exhaust drive supercharger is provided in front of the inlet of the injector.
排気駆動過給機は、ディーゼル・エンジンの排出した排気により駆動され、漁船のディーゼル・エンジンの排気を余すところなく利用するので、省エネ・排出削減の目的が達成される。 The exhaust-driven supercharger is driven by the exhaust exhausted from the diesel engine and uses the exhaust of the diesel engine of the fishing boat, so that the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction is achieved.
発生器は、ヒートパイプ式熱交換器であり、廃熱及び冷凍冷媒の熱交換効率を効果的に向上させることができる。 The generator is a heat pipe type heat exchanger, and can effectively improve the heat exchange efficiency of waste heat and refrigeration refrigerant.
上記特徴をまとめると、本考案に記載のマグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置は、噴射式冷凍と自動カスケード冷凍とを合わせて利用することで、漁船のディーゼル・エンジンの排気余熱の浪費及び排気による汚染等の問題を効果的に解決し、高い熱経済性を有する。従来の冷凍圧縮機がないので、システムの構造を簡単化し、信頼性を向上させ、また設備コスト及びメンテナンスコストを低下させる。噴射装置の前に排気駆動過給機を加えることで、漁船のディーゼル・エンジンの排気を更に利用し、一定の省エネ・排出削減効果を達成させると共に、従来の噴射式冷凍のシステム性能を効果的に向上させることができる。また、このシステムは、安定な運行、長い使用寿命等の利点を有し、省エネ・排出削減の適用において、明らかな優位性を持っている。 To summarize the above characteristics, the injection type automatic cascade refrigeration system for recovering the residual heat of a tuna fishing boat according to the present invention uses the combined injection type refrigeration and automatic cascade refrigeration to reduce the exhaust heat of the diesel engine of the fishing boat. It effectively solves problems such as waste and pollution caused by exhaust, and has high thermal economy. Since there is no conventional refrigeration compressor, the system structure is simplified, the reliability is improved, and the equipment cost and the maintenance cost are reduced. By adding an exhaust-driven supercharger in front of the injector, the exhaust of the fishing boat's diesel engine can be further utilized to achieve a certain level of energy saving and emission reduction, and the conventional injection refrigeration system performance can be effectively achieved. Can be improved. In addition, this system has advantages such as stable operation and long service life, and has clear advantages in the application of energy saving and emission reduction.
本考案により達成される操作フローと創作特徴を理解しやすくために、以下、添付図面及び実施例に合わせて、本考案を更に説明する。 In order to facilitate understanding of the operation flow and creative features achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
本考案のマグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置は、噴射装置１、凝縮器２、気液分離器３、高温レベル濾過乾燥装置４、高温レベルスロットル５、蒸発凝縮器６、低温レベル濾過乾燥装置７、低温レベルスロットル８、蒸発器９、蓄熱器１０、低温レベル電気式調節弁１１、高温レベル電気式調節弁１２、排気駆動過給機１３、循環ポンプ１４、発電機１５、ディーゼル・エンジン１６、発生器１７を含む。 The injection type automatic cascade refrigeration apparatus for recovering the residual heat of a tuna fishing vessel according to the present invention includes an injection apparatus 1, a condenser 2, a gas-liquid separator 3, a high-temperature level filtration drying apparatus 4, a high-temperature level throttle 5, an evaporative condenser 6, and a low-temperature level. Filtration drying device 7, low temperature level throttle 8, evaporator 9, heat accumulator 10, low temperature level electric control valve 11, high temperature level electric control valve 12, exhaust drive supercharger 13, circulation pump 14, generator 15, diesel The engine 16 and the generator 17 are included.
ディーゼル・エンジン１６が発電機１５に接続される。発電機１５が循環ポンプ１４に接続されてその電力を提供する。ディーゼル・エンジン１６の排出した排気は、一方の分岐路が導管を介して発生器１７につながってその熱を提供するが、他方の分岐路が排気駆動過給機１３に入ってその動力を提供する。排気駆動過給機１３を経過した排気と蒸発器９の出口の冷凍剤とが蓄熱器１０において熱交換する。発生器１７、噴射装置１、凝縮器２、気液分離器３及び循環ポンプ１４が回路を構成して、噴射装置１の連続的な作動に動力を提供する。冷凍剤が発生器１７において排気により加熱され、形成した高温高圧の蒸気が噴射装置１に入って、蓄熱器１０及び蒸発凝縮器６からの冷凍冷媒を噴射装置に吸引する。噴射装置１の出口が凝縮器２の入口につながる。凝縮器２の出口が気液分離器３の入口につながる。気液分離器３は、気体冷媒出口が直接蒸発凝縮器６に接続されるが、液体冷媒出口が高温レベル濾過乾燥装置４及び高温レベルスロットル５を介して蒸発凝縮器６の入口につながる分岐路と、循環ポンプ１４につながる分岐路と、の２つの分岐に分けられる。蒸発凝縮器６において、液体冷媒が吸熱して蒸発し、気体冷媒が液体に凝縮する。蒸発凝縮器６は、一方の出口が低沸点液体冷凍剤であり、低温レベル濾過乾燥装置７を経過した後で、低温レベルスロットル８により絞られて、蒸発器９に入って吸熱して蒸発するが、他方の出口が高沸点の冷凍剤であり、蓄熱器１０の出口の低温冷凍剤とそれぞれ高温レベル電気式調節弁１２及び低温レベル電気式調節弁１１を経過した後で混合して、排気駆動過給機１３により噴出されて噴射装置１に入る。 A diesel engine 16 is connected to the generator 15. A generator 15 is connected to the circulation pump 14 to provide its power. The exhaust exhausted from the diesel engine 16 is connected to the generator 17 through one conduit to provide heat, while the other branch enters the exhaust-driven supercharger 13 to provide power. To do. The exhaust gas that has passed through the exhaust driving supercharger 13 and the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator 9 exchange heat in the regenerator 10. The generator 17, the injection device 1, the condenser 2, the gas-liquid separator 3, and the circulation pump 14 constitute a circuit and provide power for the continuous operation of the injection device 1. The freezing agent is heated by the exhaust gas in the generator 17, and the formed high-temperature and high-pressure steam enters the injection device 1, and refrigeration refrigerant from the heat accumulator 10 and the evaporation condenser 6 is sucked into the injection device. The outlet of the injection device 1 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 2. The outlet of the condenser 2 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 3. In the gas-liquid separator 3, the gas refrigerant outlet is directly connected to the evaporative condenser 6, but the liquid refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the evaporative condenser 6 via the high-temperature level filtering and drying device 4 and the high-temperature level throttle 5. And a branch path connected to the circulation pump 14. In the evaporative condenser 6, the liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates, and the gaseous refrigerant condenses into a liquid. The evaporative condenser 6 has a low-boiling point liquid refrigerating agent at one outlet, and after passing through the low-temperature level filtration and drying device 7, it is throttled by the low-temperature level throttle 8 and enters the evaporator 9 to absorb heat and evaporate. However, the other outlet is a high boiling point refrigerant, mixed with the low temperature refrigerant at the outlet of the regenerator 10 after passing through the high temperature level electric control valve 12 and the low temperature level electric control valve 11, respectively, and exhausted. It is ejected by the drive supercharger 13 and enters the injection device 1.
マグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置は、漁船ディーゼルエンジン用の排気余熱回収システム及び自動カスケード冷凍システムの２つの主要部分を含む。漁船ディーゼル・エンジン用の余熱回収システムは、主に、漁船のディーゼル・エンジン１６の大量な余熱によって、発生器１７における噴射式自動カスケード冷凍システムの冷凍冷媒を加熱することで、高温高圧の冷媒蒸気にして、排気駆動過給機１３からの混合冷凍冷媒を噴出する。自動カスケード冷凍システムは、従来の冷凍圧縮機の代わりに、排気駆動過給機１３に合わせて噴射装置１を採用するので、冷凍効率を向上させると共に、ディーゼル・エンジンの排気を十分に回収する。 An injection-type automatic cascade refrigeration system for tuna fishing boat residual heat recovery includes two main parts: an exhaust residual heat recovery system for a fishing boat diesel engine and an automatic cascade refrigeration system. The residual heat recovery system for a fishing boat diesel engine mainly heats the refrigeration refrigerant of the injection type automatic cascade refrigeration system in the generator 17 by a large amount of residual heat of the diesel engine 16 of the fishing boat, so that a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor is obtained. Thus, the mixed refrigeration refrigerant from the exhaust driving supercharger 13 is ejected. Since the automatic cascade refrigeration system employs the injection device 1 in accordance with the exhaust-driven supercharger 13 instead of the conventional refrigeration compressor, the refrigeration efficiency is improved and the exhaust of the diesel engine is sufficiently recovered.
噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置における噴射装置１は、円錐状の混合式型噴射装置のタイプに属し、圧縮比が２．６より大きく、噴射係数が５より大きい場合に、円柱状の混合式噴射装置よりも、噴射装置の効率を向上させることができる。その作動原理は、高温高圧高沸点の液体冷凍剤によって低沸点の気体冷凍剤を噴出して、高沸点成分の絞り損失を十分に減少させることである。噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置における噴射装置１は、排気駆動過給機１３に合わせて、従来の冷凍圧縮機に取って代わる。 The injection device 1 in the injection type automatic cascade refrigeration apparatus belongs to the type of the conical mixing type injection device, and when the compression ratio is larger than 2.6 and the injection coefficient is larger than 5, the cylindrical mixing type injection device. Rather, the efficiency of the injection device can be improved. Its operating principle is to sufficiently reduce the squeezing loss of the high-boiling components by ejecting the low-boiling gas refrigerant with the high-temperature, high-pressure, high-boiling liquid refrigerant. The injection device 1 in the injection type automatic cascade refrigeration device replaces the conventional refrigeration compressor in accordance with the exhaust drive supercharger 13.
噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置に、排気駆動過給機１３を加えることで、噴射装置１の噴出圧力を向上させ、更に、システム全体の性能を向上させることができる。 By adding the exhaust driving supercharger 13 to the injection type automatic cascade refrigeration device, the injection pressure of the injection device 1 can be improved, and further the performance of the entire system can be improved.
排気駆動過給機１３は、ディーゼル・エンジン１６からの排気により駆動され、ディーゼル・エンジンの排気によって、省エネ・排出削減の目的が達成される。 The exhaust drive supercharger 13 is driven by exhaust from the diesel engine 16, and the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction is achieved by exhaust of the diesel engine.
噴射式冷凍システムを安定に運行させるために、ディーゼル・エンジン１６の排出した排気の温度を１５０℃より高くする。よく用いられる漁船用ディーゼル・エンジンの排気温度は、３５０℃〜５００℃にも達する。 In order to operate the injection refrigeration system stably, the temperature of exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine 16 is set higher than 150 ° C. The exhaust temperature of a commonly used fishing boat diesel engine reaches 350 ° C to 500 ° C.
高低温レベル冷凍剤圧力及び流量を調節し、冷凍剤の逆流等の現象を避けるために、蒸発凝縮器６及び蒸発器９の後ろに高温レベル電気式調節弁１２及び低温レベル電気式調節弁１１が設けられる。 In order to adjust the high and low temperature level refrigerant pressure and flow rate and avoid the phenomenon such as the reverse flow of the refrigerant, the high temperature level electric control valve 12 and the low temperature level electric control valve 11 are provided behind the evaporation condenser 6 and the evaporator 9. Is provided.
本考案の冷凍冷媒の作業フローは、下記の通りである。非共沸冷凍剤混合物が発生器１７において余熱回収システムの排気と熱交換し、熱を吸収した後で噴射装置１に入って、ノズルを経過して高速気流を形成し、蒸発凝縮器６及び蓄熱器１０を経過した混合冷凍冷媒を噴出し、噴射装置によって更に２つの蒸気を十分に混合させた後、ディフューザーにおいて混合冷媒が昇圧されてから凝縮器２に入って、海水と熱交換し、大部分の高沸点の冷凍剤及び少量の低沸点の冷凍剤がまず液体に凝縮して、気液二相の混合冷媒が凝縮器２から流れて気液分離器３に入って、超高沸点の冷凍剤液体と超低沸点の冷凍剤気体が分離する。高沸点の冷凍剤液体は、高温レベル濾過乾燥装置４によって不純物が除去され、高温レベルスロットル５によって降温・降圧されてから蒸発凝縮器６に入って、これにより、蒸発凝縮器６に入った低沸点の冷凍剤気体が液体に凝縮する。低沸点の冷凍剤液体は、低温レベル濾過乾燥装置７によって不純物が除去され、低温レベルスロットル８によって降温・降圧されてから蒸発器９に入って、熱を吸収して蒸発を完成し、冷凍を達成させる。低沸点の冷凍剤と排気駆動過給機１３の排出した排気が蓄熱器１０において熱交換した後で、低温レベル電気式調節弁１１を介して高沸点の冷凍剤と混合し、排気駆動過給機１３により増圧された後で、噴射装置１に入るように噴出される。 The work flow of the refrigeration refrigerant of the present invention is as follows. The non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture exchanges heat with the exhaust of the residual heat recovery system in the generator 17 and absorbs the heat before entering the injection device 1 and passing through the nozzle to form a high-speed air stream, After the mixed refrigeration refrigerant that has passed through the heat accumulator 10 is jetted out and two vapors are sufficiently mixed by the injection device, the mixed refrigerant is pressurized in the diffuser and then enters the condenser 2 to exchange heat with seawater. Most of the high-boiling refrigerant and a small amount of low-boiling refrigerant are first condensed into a liquid, and a gas-liquid two-phase mixed refrigerant flows from the condenser 2 and enters the gas-liquid separator 3 to form an ultra-high boiling point. The cryogen liquid and the ultra-low boiling point refrigerant gas are separated. The high-boiling refrigerant liquid is freed of impurities by the high-temperature level filtration / drying device 4, and cooled and depressurized by the high-temperature level throttle 5 before entering the evaporation condenser 6. The boiling point refrigerant gas condenses into a liquid. The low boiling point refrigerant liquid is freed of impurities by the low temperature level filtration drying device 7, and cooled and depressurized by the low temperature level throttle 8, and then enters the evaporator 9 to absorb heat and complete the evaporation. To achieve. After the low-boiling point refrigerant and the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust-drive supercharger 13 exchange heat in the heat accumulator 10, they are mixed with the high-boiling point refrigerant through the low-temperature level electric control valve 11, and the exhaust-drive supercharger. After being increased in pressure by the machine 13, it is ejected so as to enter the injection device 1.
以上から、本考案のマグロ漁船余熱回収用の噴射式自動カスケード冷凍装置であれば、漁船のディーゼル・エンジンの排気余熱が低品質なエネルギーに属するという特徴を十分に考慮して、冷凍システムに適用し、燃焼利用率を向上させ、また、噴射装置の前に排気駆動過給機を加えることで、漁船のディーゼル・エンジンの排気を回収すると共に、噴射式冷凍システムの性能を改善し、漁船の低温凍結保存の要求を満たす前提で、省エネ・排出削減等の点にも明らかな優位性を持っていることが判明される。 From the above, the injection type automatic cascade refrigeration system for recovering the residual heat of the tuna fishing boat of the present invention can be applied to the refrigeration system, taking into account the characteristics that the exhaust heat of the diesel engine of the fishing boat belongs to low quality energy. By improving the combustion utilization rate and adding an exhaust-driven turbocharger in front of the injector, the exhaust of the diesel engine of the fishing boat is recovered and the performance of the injection refrigeration system is improved. Based on the premise of satisfying the requirement for cryopreservation, it is clear that it has clear advantages in terms of energy saving and emission reduction.
１ 噴射装置
２ 凝縮器
３ 気液分離器
４ 高温レベル濾過乾燥装置
５ 高温レベルスロットル
６ 蒸発凝縮器
７ 低温レベル濾過乾燥装置
８ 低温レベルスロットル
９ 蒸発器
１０ 蓄熱器
１１ 低温レベル電気式調節弁
１２ 高温レベル電気式調節弁
１３ 排気駆動過給機
１４ 循環ポンプ
１５ 発電機
１６ ディーゼル・エンジン
１７ 発生器
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Injection device 2 Condenser 3 Gas-liquid separator 4 High temperature level filtration drying device 5 High temperature level throttle 6 Evaporation condenser 7 Low temperature level filtration drying device 8 Low temperature level throttle 9 Evaporator 10 Regenerator 11 Low temperature level electric control valve 12 High temperature Level electric control valve 13 Exhaust drive supercharger 14 Circulation pump 15 Generator 16 Diesel engine 17 Generator
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| CN201620225512.2U CN205655522U (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2016-03-23 | Tuna clipper waste heat recovery sprays formula from overlapping refrigerating plant |
| CN201620225512.2 | 2016-03-23 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110631315A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-31 | 江苏精英冷暖设备工程有限公司 | Heat recovery system of refrigeration house |
| CN110779241A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-11 | 开平市高美空调设备有限公司 | Overlapping type energy storage defrosting device of air source heat pump |
| CN115406155A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-29 | 浙江大学 | Multi-mode control high-efficiency medical ultralow-temperature refrigerator and method |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105627622B (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-08-21 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of tuna clipper waste heat recovery injecting type auto-cascading refrigeration system |
| CN111219910A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-06-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Frostless air source cascade heat pump for solution icing |
-
2016
- 2016-03-23 CN CN201620225512.2U patent/CN205655522U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 2016-12-28 JP JP2016006240U patent/JP3209355U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110631315A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-31 | 江苏精英冷暖设备工程有限公司 | Heat recovery system of refrigeration house |
| CN110779241A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-11 | 开平市高美空调设备有限公司 | Overlapping type energy storage defrosting device of air source heat pump |
| CN115406155A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-29 | 浙江大学 | Multi-mode control high-efficiency medical ultralow-temperature refrigerator and method |
| CN115406155B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-11-24 | 浙江大学 | Multi-mode controlled high-efficiency medical ultralow-temperature refrigerator and method |
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