CN103881220B - 一种抗老化、抗菌pe管材的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗老化、抗菌pe管材的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103881220B
CN103881220B CN201410159526.4A CN201410159526A CN103881220B CN 103881220 B CN103881220 B CN 103881220B CN 201410159526 A CN201410159526 A CN 201410159526A CN 103881220 B CN103881220 B CN 103881220B
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bamboo charcoal
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苏桂榕
张德
王瑞平
盘小琴
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Guangxi Jiali Pipeline Technology Development Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法，在PE树脂中加入3-8%的纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒并混合均匀，加温至170-210℃后经双螺杆挤出机挤出，冷却真空定型即得抗老化、抗菌PE管材。本发明的核心是采用纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒替代炭黑和无机金属抗菌剂，使PE管材具有良好的抗老化、抗菌性能，本发明实用性强、成本低、绿色环保，纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒分散性好，性质稳定，所得PE管材的抗老化、抗菌性能优良，具备较强的实际应用价值和市场开发前景。

Description

一种抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种PE管材的制备方法，制得的PE管材具有良好的抗老化、抗菌性能。
背景技术
PE管材是一种结晶度高、非极性的热塑性树脂管材，由于PE管材具有无毒、无味、无臭、良好的耐寒、耐热性和化学稳定性、较高的刚性和韧性，以及机械性能好、安装方便等诸多优点，被广泛的应用于建筑给、排水，埋地排水管、输气管及电讯工程等领域。
但PE管材露天存放或使用时，在紫外光线的作用下，易发生老化，变色、变脆甚至粉化，从而丧失其力学性能，影响了PE管材的使用，因而需要对PE管材进行改良，使其具有较好的抗老化性能，延长使用年限和扩展使用范围。
另一方面，PE管材大量用于输送饮用水，对PE管材的抗菌和抑菌作用也提出了较高要求。对于提高PE管材的抗菌和抑菌效果，现有技术主要是通过添加银、铜、锌、钛等无机抗菌剂而实现，单纯的无机抗菌剂虽然具有热稳定性好，在塑料挤出和加工过程中不会分解和变质等优点，但人类长期饮用含有银、铜、锌、钛等无机抗菌剂的饮用水，会对人体的肝脏造成负面影响，所以，这也限制了无机抗菌剂的应用，采用有机抗菌剂替代无机抗菌剂成为目前的研究热点和发展趋势。
发明内容
为克服现有PE管材制备技术存在的缺点，本发明人经过大量试验，终于发明出一种抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法，该方法操作简便、实用性强、成本低、绿色环保。
本发明的技术方案为：在PE树脂中加入3-8%的纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒并混合均匀，加温至170-210℃后经双螺杆挤出机挤出，冷却真空定型即得抗老化、抗菌PE管材；
所述纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒的制备方法为：将纳米改性竹炭粉体5份、10号白油0.1-5份、聚乙烯蜡2-8份、硅烷偶联剂0.1-5份和PE树脂20-40份加入高速搅拌机混合，混合后经过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，得到纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒；
在纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒的制作过程中，聚乙烯蜡是主分散剂，10号白油是辅助分散剂，硅烷偶联剂是表面改性剂，PE树脂是纳米改性竹炭粉体的载体，其中聚乙烯蜡优选分子量为3000-5000的，PE树脂优选熔融指数在10-30g/min范围内的。
所述纳米改性竹炭粉体的制备方法为：将纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体在沸水中溶解搅拌制成乳液，再将竹炭碎成竹炭粉（80-200目），在沸水中制成高温炭-水悬浮液，将两种溶液以1:4-1:6的体积比混合得到混合乳液，混合乳液经蒸发干燥即得纳米改性竹炭粉体。
纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体中，氧化锌和二氧化钛的优选质量比为0.5 ：1-3：1；纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体悬浮液中纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体与水的优选质量比为1:8-1:9；高温炭-水悬浮液中竹炭粉与水的优选质量比为1:1-1.5。
本发明的核心是采用纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒替代炭黑和无机金属抗菌剂，使PE管材具有良好的抗老化、抗菌性能，并发明了纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒的制备工艺，还对其中的有关技术参数进行了优化，使其性能参数最佳。纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒采用纳米二氧化钛-二氧化锌复合粉体和纳米竹炭粉体制备而成。本发明具有以下技术效果：
首先，我国是世界上产竹最多的国家之一，在我国的分布极广，且竹子的生长周期相对与树木较短，用竹炭代替炭黑有利于减少树木的砍伐。
其次，竹炭由于富含钾、钠、钙、铝、锰等金属元素及其碳化物，特别是碳化钙，因而具有良好的防紫外线性能。且二氧化钛和氧化锌是两种常用的无机紫外线屏蔽剂，但两种无机屏蔽剂的屏蔽能力是有差异的，纳米二氧化钛阻隔UVB的效果很好，但对UVA的屏蔽效果欠佳；纳米氧化锌的屏蔽效果则相反。因此，该专利应用纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒来作为一种代替炭黑的填充剂，具有三重的抗紫外线功效，其抗老化性能远优于炭黑的作用。
第三，竹炭本身具有多孔结构和较强的吸附特性，加工成粉粒状后，比表面积骤然增大，因而吸附特性猛然增加，除臭、防菌效果显著增大。纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒是一种天然的除菌抑菌产品，不会对人体产生任何的毒副作用，且能够吸附水中残留的有害化学物质和水中的臭气。
综上所述，利用该纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒制备的PE管具有抗老化和抗菌、除菌的双重功效。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优势还在于：方法操作简便、实用性强、成本低、绿色环保，纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒的分散性好，性质稳定，所得PE管材的抗老化、抗菌性能优良，具备较强的实际应用价值和市场开发前景。
具体实施方式
以下对一种抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法进行详细说明。
实施例1：
在PE树脂中加入5%的纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒并混合均匀，加温至200℃后经双螺杆挤出机挤出，冷却真空定型即得抗老化、抗菌PE管材。
所述纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒的制备方法为：将纳米改性竹炭粉体5份、10号白油3份、聚乙烯蜡5份、硅烷偶联剂0.3份和PE树脂22份加入高速搅拌机混合，混合后经过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒得到纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒。
其中聚乙烯蜡分子量为3000-5000，PE树脂熔融指数为10-30g/min。
所述纳米改性竹炭粉体的制备方法为：将纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体在沸水中溶解搅拌制成乳液，再将80目的竹炭粉在沸水条件下制成高温炭-水悬浮液，将两种溶液以1:4.1的体积比混合得到混合乳液，混合乳液经蒸发干燥即得纳米改性竹炭粉体。
所述纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体中，氧化锌和二氧化钛的质量比为0.6：1；纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体悬浮液中纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体与水的质量比为1:8.2；高温炭-水悬浮液中竹炭粉与水的质量比为1:1.41。
实施例2：
在PE树脂中加入7%的纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒并混合均匀，加温至208℃后经双螺杆挤出机挤出，冷却真空定型即得抗老化、抗菌PE管材。
所述纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒的制备方法为：将纳米改性竹炭粉体5份、10号白油0.2份、聚乙烯蜡7份、硅烷偶联剂2.4份和PE树脂38份加入高速搅拌机混合，混合后经过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒得到纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒。
其中聚乙烯蜡分子量为3000-5000，PE树脂熔融指数为10-30g/min。
所述纳米改性竹炭粉体的制备方法为：将纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体在沸水中溶解搅拌制成乳液，再将120目的竹炭粉在沸水条件下制成高温炭-水悬浮液，将两种溶液以1:4.9的体积比混合得到混合乳液，混合乳液经蒸发干燥即得纳米改性竹炭粉体。
所述纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体中，氧化锌和二氧化钛的质量比为1.6：1；纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体悬浮液中二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体与水的质量比为1:8.5；高温炭-水悬浮液中竹炭粉与水的质量比为1:1.2。
 实施例3：
在PE树脂中加入3%的纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒并混合均匀，加温至179℃后经双螺杆挤出机挤出，冷却真空定型即得抗老化、抗菌PE管材。
所述纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒的制备方法为：将纳米改性竹炭粉体5份、10号白油4.5份、聚乙烯蜡2.7份、硅烷偶联剂4.7份和PE树脂30份加入高速搅拌机混合，混合后经过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒得到纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒。
其中聚乙烯蜡分子量为3000-5000，PE树脂熔融指数为10-30g/min。
所述纳米改性竹炭粉体的制备方法为：将纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体在沸水中溶解搅拌制成乳液，再将180目的竹炭粉在沸水条件下制成高温炭-水悬浮液，将两种溶液以1:5.8的体积比混合得到混合乳液，混合乳液经蒸发干燥即得纳米改性竹炭粉体。
所述纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体中，氧化锌和二氧化钛的质量比为2.7：1；纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体悬浮液中纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体与水的质量比为1:8.9；高温炭-水悬浮液中竹炭粉与水的质量比为1:1.05。
上述只是本发明的实施例，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围的情况下，都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均应落在本发明技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法，其特征在于：在PE树脂中加入3-8%的纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒并混合均匀，加温至170-210℃后经双螺杆挤出机挤出，冷却真空定型即得抗老化、抗菌PE管材；
所述纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒的制备方法为：将纳米改性竹炭粉体5份、10号白油0.1-5份、聚乙烯蜡2-8份、硅烷偶联剂0.1-5份和PE树脂20-40份加入高速搅拌机混合，混合后经过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒得到纳米改性竹炭塑料颗粒；
所述纳米改性竹炭粉体的制备方法为：将纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体在沸水中溶解搅拌制成乳液，再将80-200目的竹炭粉在沸水条件下制成高温炭-水悬浮液，将两种溶液以1:4-1:6的体积比混合得到混合乳液，混合乳液经蒸发干燥即得纳米改性竹炭粉体。
2.根据权利要求1所述抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法，其特征在于：所述聚乙烯蜡分子量为3000-5000。
3.根据权利要求1所述抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法，其特征在于：所述PE树脂的熔融指数为10-30g/min。
4.根据权利要求1所述抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法，其特征在于：所述纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体中，氧化锌和二氧化钛的质量比为0.5 ：1-3：1。
5.根据权利要求1所述抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法，其特征在于：所述纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体乳液中，纳米二氧化钛-氧化锌复合粉体与水的质量比为1:8-1:9。
6.根据权利要求1所述抗老化、抗菌PE管材的制备方法，其特征在于：所述高温炭-水悬浮液中竹炭粉与水的质量比为1:1-1.5。
7.根据权利要求1或2或3或4或5或6所述方法制备的抗老化、抗菌PE管材。
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