CN103879273B - 电动机 - Google Patents

电动机 Download PDF

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CN103879273B
CN103879273B CN201310713355.0A CN201310713355A CN103879273B CN 103879273 B CN103879273 B CN 103879273B CN 201310713355 A CN201310713355 A CN 201310713355A CN 103879273 B CN103879273 B CN 103879273B
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fluid
stator
motor
rotor
cup
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CN103879273A (zh
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G.塔麦
S.H.斯韦尔斯
P.博斯特威克
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
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    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/425—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
    • B60L2240/441—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
    • B60L2240/443—Torque
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种包括转子和定子的电动机。所述定子围绕所述转子，具有上半部分、下半部分和线绕组，并且相对于驱动单元壳体固定。定子通过由外部来源供应并且流动到和经过上半部分的流体靠重力进给而被冷却。所述电动机还包括相对于定子固定的流体拦挡部。流体拦挡部被构成为用于引导流体围绕定子并且遮挡转子使其免受流动经过定子的流体影响，由此限制转子和定子之间的流体的量，从而控制电动机上的转动损失。也公开了采用上述的电动机的机电驱动单元。

Description

电动机
技术领域
本发明涉及用在机动车辆的动力系统中的电动机。
背景技术
为了生产更高效的车辆，混合车辆动力系统结合了（一个或者多个）电动机和传统的内燃发动机。来自于发动机和（一个或者多个）电动机的扭矩通常通过变速器被引导到车辆的从动轮上。混合车辆动力系统的效率通常与驱动状态和除了电动机之外或者代替电动机来运行发动机以为车辆提供动力的时间的百分比相关。
有些混合动力传动系采用与发动机结合的单一的电动机。在这样的动力系统中，变速器输出，以及由此关联的车辆速度，直接涉及到发动机和电动机的速度和扭矩。其他的混合动力传动系采用与发动机组合的两个电动机，以为车辆提供动力。此外，车辆可以采用纯电力推进。在这种情况下，车辆的动力系统具有一个或者多个电动机-发电机并且没有内燃发动机。
在混合或者纯电动动力系统中，（一个或者多个）电动机可操作地连接到具有行星齿轮装置的变速器上，由此电动机的扭矩和速度可被选定为独立于车辆速度和所需的加速度。在混合动力传动系中，发动机的控制通常通过改变（一个或者多个）电动机提供的各个扭矩来获得。因此，这样的混合和纯电动动力系统每个可具有由它们的电动机提供的可选择的扭矩，并且在混合动力传动系的情况下，同样可具有由驱动附属的车辆的发动机提供的可选择的扭矩。
发明内容
一种包括转子和定子的电动机。所述定子围绕所述转子，具有上半部分、下半部分和线绕组，并且相对于驱动单元壳体固定。定子通过由外部来源供应并且流动到和经过上半部分的流体并靠重力进给而被冷却。所述电动机还包括相对于定子固定的流体拦挡部。流体拦挡部被构成为用于绕定子引导流体，并且遮挡转子以使其免受流动经过定子的流体的影响，由此限制在转子和定子之间的流体的量，从而控制电动机中的旋转损失。
电动机还包括杯体，其设置在所述定子的下半部分的正下方，并且构成为用于捕获围绕所述定子被引导的流体。所述杯体可限定容积，其足以在被捕获的流体中浸没并且冷却所述定子的下半部分的至少一部分。
所述杯体相对于所述定子固定。
所述杯体包括限定排放部的底部，所述排放部构成为用于限制流体在所述杯体中的停留时间。
所述流体拦挡部被固定到所述定子。
所述流体拦挡部具有弯曲形状，并且在所述线绕组的下方或者在线绕组的上方被附接到所述定子。
所述定子包括多个槽。在这种情况下，流体拦挡部减少了流体通过所述多个槽的滴漏和向所述转子的滴落。
所述多个槽的每一个被包覆在所述槽衬里中，同时所述流体拦挡部构成为所述槽衬里的延伸体。
所述线绕组包括线绕圈，同时所述流体拦挡部构成为被插入到所述绕圈中的多个塞子。
还公开了采用上述电动机的机电驱动单元。该机电驱动单元联合动力源，例如内燃发动机，可作为安装在车辆上并且构成用于发动和推进车辆的混合动力传动系的一部分。
当结合附图和所附权利要求书，从下面的用于实现所述发明的（一个或多个）实施例和（一个或多个）最佳方式的具体说明中，本发明的上述特征和优势以及其他特征和优势容易地显而易见。
附图说明
图1是采用具有至少一个电动机/发电机的电可变变速器（EVT）的混合动力电动车辆的示意图。
图2是图1所示的EVT的局部近距截面侧视图，其中，电动机/发电机包括一种实施例的构成为用于遮挡电动机/发电机的电动机使其免于遭受冷却流体影响的流体拦挡部和构成为用于捕获从流体拦挡部流下的流体的杯体。
图3是图2所示的电动机/发电机的截面正视图。
图4是图3所示的电动机/发电机的截面侧视图。
图5是图2所示的电动机/发电机的截面正视图，示出了根据另一实施例的流体拦挡部。
图6是根据再一实施例的流体拦挡部的近距截面图。
图7是根据再另一实施例的流体拦挡部的近距截面图。
具体实施方式
参考附图，其中，相同的附图标记指示相同的部件，图1示出了车辆10。车辆10包括混合动力传动系12，其构成为用于发动和推进车辆，即，用于通过驱动轮14在低路面速度和高路面速度之间的全部速度范围内操作车辆。如图所示，混合动力传动系12包括多个动力源，其可以包括内燃发动机16、第一电动机/发电机18和第二电动机/发电机20。发动机16可操作地连接到机电驱动单元，其被描述为“电可变变速器”（EVT）22。如额外所示的，第一和第二电动机/发电机18、20物理地设置在EVT22的内部。
本领域的技术人员知道，“电可变变速器”构成了换挡装置（gearingarrangement）24，其通常构成为变速器行星齿轮系，其可操作地连接到发动机16、第一电动机/发电机18和第二电动机/发电机20的每一个上。将发动机16和两个电动机/发电机18和20的各扭矩引导到行星齿轮系的不同构件上，这允许其中一个动力源辅助或者平衡另外两个动力源中的任一个的操作。因此，一个发动机16和可操作地连接到EVT22上的两个电动机/发电机18和20的组合允许发动机和电动机/发电机的速度和扭矩被控制并且被独立地选择，以更加高效地为车辆10提供动力。
车辆10另外包括具有一个或者多个电池的能量存储系统，电池没有被具体示出，但是本领域的技术人员是知道的。能量存储系统可操作地连接到电动机/发电机18和20上，以使得电动机/发电机可将扭矩传递到发动机16或者可接收来自发动机16的扭矩。虽然没有示出，但是车辆10也包括控制器或者电控制单元（ECU）。控制器可操作地连接到动力源上，并且连接到能量存储系统上，用于控制来自动力源的扭矩到换挡装置24上的分配。
虽然混合动力传动系12示出为包括发动机16，但是EVT22也可被单独连接到第一和第二电动机/发电机18、20。在这种情况下，动力系统12不再是混合动力类型的，而变成了纯电动的，并且EVT22然后可以被更加宽泛地被描述为机电驱动单元。为了简化和清楚的目的，本说明书的其余部分将机电驱动单元称为连接到发动机16和电动机/发电机18、20的EVT22。另外，与其他系统相比，混合动力传动系12的连接（将在下文中进行更加具体的说明）可允许来自第一和第二电动机/发电机18和20的组合的扭矩需求总体下降，同时提供更可接受的车辆性能。
如图2所示，EVT22包括可操作地连接到发动机16的输入构件26和可操作地连接到驱动轮14的输出构件28。EVT22也包括用作固定构件的驱动单元壳体30，某些扭矩传输装置（未示出）可以根据需要固定到该壳体，以实现不同的传动比之间的变换。换挡装置24可操作地连接到输出和输入构件26、28每一个。EVT22也包括泵32，其可被上述的能量存储系统电驱动。泵32构成为用于循环EVT22内部的流体34，例如具体说是特别配方的变速器油。
如图2所示，第一和第二电动机/发电机18、20中的每一个都包括由轴承37支撑且可操作地连接到换挡装置24的转子36。第一和第二电动机/发电机18、20中的每一个包括围绕转子36的定子38。定子38相对于驱动单元壳体30固定。气隙39存在于转子36和定子38之间。定子38包括线绕组40。第一和第二电动机/发电机18、20中的每一个包括构成为用于将转子36和定子38保持在EVT22内部的电动机壳体42。流体34被朝向电动机/发电机18、20供应，以使得相应电动机/发电机的定子38经由流体冷却，所述流体通过重力进给（gravityfeed）而与定子的接触。
流体腔室44可形成在驱动单元壳体30和电动机壳体42之间。在EVT22的操作过程中，流体腔室44可直接从泵32或者通过设置在驱动单元壳体30中且与泵流体连通的供应进给部46接收流体34。流体腔室44可通过设置在驱动单元壳体30和电动机壳体42（未示出）之间的多个密封件48密封，或者保持对EVT22的其他内部部件开放。在密封的流体腔室44的情况下，流体34随后可从腔室通过重力进给并经由进给通道49供应。
如图3所示，定子38具有跨越约180度的上半部分（top half）38-1和跨越定子截面的剩余约180度的基本径向相对的下半部分（bottom half）38-2。流体34被进给到每个电动机/发电机18、20的附近，从而定子38被流动或者滴到上半部分38-1上并且从其上经过的流体冷却。流体34可以流动穿过线绕组40并且流动到转子36上。此外，流体34可以在转子36和定子38之间收集，并且也可以在这些部件之间产生液压拖曳力，由此增加旋转损失，并且减少相应电动机/发电机的操作效率。如图3所示，流体拦挡部（fluid dam）50相对于电动机壳体42固定。另外如图所示，流体拦挡部50可以设置在转子36和定子38之间。
流体拦挡部50构成为用于引导定子38周围的流体34，并且挡住转子36使其免受通过且穿过定子流动或者滴落的流体的影响。流体拦挡部50的这种遮挡作用限制在转子36和定子38之间的气隙39中的流体34的量，并且用于控制或者减少电动机/发电机18、20的旋转损失。流体拦挡部50可直接固定到定子38上。如图2所示，流体拦挡部50可具有完全形状或者倒扣的碗状形状，并且基本围绕整个上半部分38-1延伸，由此保证流体不滴到转子36上。在该情况下，术语“基本”意味着流体拦挡部50可以在跨越定子的上半部分38-1的180度的+/-20度范围内延伸。流体拦挡部50可以附接到定子38，在线绕组40的下方或者上方，只要被认为更加合适于电动机/发电机18、20内部的具体空间和包装限制即可。
从图2中可以看出，线绕组40包括线末端匝或者绕圈52。流体拦挡部50可构成为多个纸楔（paper wedge，在图6中示出）或者塞子（未示出），其被插进预先缠绕的线绕圈52中，并且随后用清漆密封或者覆盖，以用于可靠地保持。流体拦挡部50塞子可以由耐高温泡沫形成，该泡沫可以在定子38的最后制备的过程中由所述的清漆灌注。如图3所示，定子38可以包括多个互相间隔的槽54。槽54通常被包括，以在电动机中——例如电动机/发电机18和20中——产生瞬时磁场的所需分布。在电动机/发电机18、20具有槽54的情况下，流体拦挡部50可以减少流体34通过槽、气隙39滴落到转子36上。如图7所示，多个槽54中的每一个可以被包覆在槽衬里56中。流体拦挡部50可以构成为槽衬衬里56的延伸部或者翼部。
如图2-5所示，电动机/发电机18、20也可以包括杯体58，其设置在定子38的下半部分38-2的正下方。杯体58构成为用于捕获通过流体拦挡部50而在定子38周围被引导的流体34。因此，如图3所示，杯体58充分地围绕定子38的下半部分38-2延伸，以捕获从流体拦挡部50流出的至少一部分流体。换句话说，在水平平面59，杯体58延伸超出流体拦挡部50的跨度。杯体58可以限定容积60，并且成形为在捕获的流体34中足以浸没并且冷却至少一部分下半部分38-2的形状。杯体58可以相对于定子38固定。另外，杯体58可以具有最低或者底部部分62，其限定了排放部64，该排放部构成为用于限制流体34在杯体中的停留时间。换句话说，排放部64限定了足以以预定速率虹吸来自于杯体58的流体34的孔。
得益于流体拦挡部50和杯体58的冷却和润滑在去除热应力方面对电动机/发电机18、20来说是有利的，该热应力是当电流在EVT22的操作过程中反复流过线绕组时经常由线绕组40经受的。因此，通过排放到线绕组40上的流体34的连续冷却将用于降低定子38的温度，并且增加具体电动机/发电机18或者20的操作窗口（operating window）、寿命和可靠性。此外，重力将被用于将流体34沉积到线绕组上，同时流体拦挡部50单独地或者与底部62一起可以有利地被用于通过流体有效地冷却和/或润滑定子38，不增加相应电动机/发电机18、20的旋转损失。
具体的说明和附图或者图片可支持或者说明本发明，但是本发明的范围仅由权利要求书限定。虽然已经具体地说明了用于实现要求保护的发明的有些最佳方式和其他实施例，但是存在用于实现所附的权利要求书中限定的本发明的各种可选择的设计和实施例。此外，附图中示出的实施例或者本说明书中提到的各种实施例的特征不是必须被理解为互相独立的实施例。更确切地说，在实施例的例子中的一个中说明的每个特征能够与其他实施例的一个或者多个其他所需特征结合，这导致了其他实施例没有以文字或者参照附图进行说明。因此，这样的其他实施例落入所附的权利要求书的范围的框架结构内。
关联申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2012年12月21日提交的No.61/745,233号美国临时申请的权益，该临时申请的全部内容通过引用被并入本文中。

Claims (7)

1.一种电动机，其包括：
转子；
围绕所述转子的定子，其具有互相间隔开的多个槽、上半部分、下半部分和线绕组，并且相对于驱动单元壳体固定，其中，所述定子通过重力进给经由外部来源供应并且流动到且流动经过所述上半部分的流体而被冷却；和
流体拦挡部，其设置在转子和定子之间且基本围绕整个上半部分延伸，且其相对于所述定子固定，并且构成为用于绕所述定子引导流体，并且遮挡所述转子以减少流体通过所述多个槽的滴落和向所述转子的滴落，使其免受流动经过所述定子的流体的影响，由此限制在所述转子和所述定子之间的流体的量，从而控制所述电动机中的旋转损失，其中所述多个槽每一个被包覆在槽衬里中，并且所述流体拦挡部构成为所述槽衬里的延伸体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动机，进一步包括杯体，其设置在所述定子的所述下半部分的正下方，并且构成为用于捕获围绕所述定子被引导的流体，在所述捕获的流体中足以浸没且冷却所述定子的所述下半部分的至少一部分。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电动机，其中，所述杯体相对于所述定子固定。
4.根据权利要求2所述的电动机，其中，所述杯体包括限定排放部的底部，并且，其中所述排放部构成为用于限制流体在所述杯体中的停留时间。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电动机，其中，所述流体拦挡部具有弯曲形状，并且在所述线绕组的下方被附接到所述定子。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电动机，其中，所述流体拦挡部具有弯曲形状，并且在所述线绕组的上方被附接到所述定子。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电动机，其中，所述线绕组包括线绕圈，并且所述流体拦挡部构成为被插入到所述绕圈中的多个塞子。
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