CN103878202A - Method for preparing copper/aluminum bimetallic capillary - Google Patents
Method for preparing copper/aluminum bimetallic capillary Download PDFInfo
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- CN103878202A CN103878202A CN201410105982.0A CN201410105982A CN103878202A CN 103878202 A CN103878202 A CN 103878202A CN 201410105982 A CN201410105982 A CN 201410105982A CN 103878202 A CN103878202 A CN 103878202A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a copper/aluminum bimetallic capillary and belongs to the technical field of preparation of a metal composite capillary. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a copper/aluminum composite tube with the size of phi (7.0-15.0) mm*(0.5-2.0) mm by adopting a method of multi-pass cold spinning, carrying out diffusion annealing for 10-60 minutes at the temperature of 350-500 DEG C under the protection of inert gas, directly carrying out multi-pass drawing processing on the annealed tube, and performing intermediate annealing cooperatively to obtain the copper/aluminum bimetallic capillary with the size of phi (0.5-6.1) mm*(0.1-0.8) mm. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the copper/aluminum composite tube with small size is prepared by adopting the cold spinning and is subjected to the drawing processing after the diffusion annealing, so that the deformation force for forming is small, the service life of tools and dies is long, the driving force required by equipment is small and the production cost is low; the method of combining the floating plug drawing with the non-mandrel drawing and the necessary intermediate annealing are adopted, so that deformation processing of copper and aluminum layers is benefitted and the obtained composite capillary is high in size accuracy and good in surface quality.
Description
technical field:
The present invention relates to metal composite capillary tubes preparing technical field, particularly provide one to can be used for copper/Al bimetal production method capillaceous.
technical background:
Copper and copper alloy capillary is that specification limit is Φ (0.5～6.1) mm × (0.1～0.8) mm(external diameter × wall thickness, the tubing that class diameter is less, wall thickness is thinner down together) is the important raw and processed materials of extensive use in central air-conditioning, modern household electrical equipment, instrument, instrument.Be characterized in that difficulty of processing is large, added value is high.Along with developing rapidly of China's equipment manufacture, electrical appliance industry, the copper and copper alloy market demand capillaceous is increasing.But, in recent years due to World Copper valency run at high level, make the ratio of copper pipe in air-conditioning cost bring up to approximately 25%, significantly affect enterprise getting profit ability and competitiveness, in the urgent need to desirable substitution material.Aluminium is the material that another kind has good heat conductive performance, and thermal conductivity is about 60% of copper, and processing characteristics is good, and bauxite resource is abundant, cheap.Adopt fine aluminium capillary instead of pure copper capillary tube to come into one's own as the work of heat exchange tubing.But problem is that if adopt fine aluminium condenser pipe instead of pure copper pipe in air-conditioning completely, the Energy Efficiency Ratio index of air-conditioning does not reach national Specification requirement, reach GB and require the necessary size that strengthens condenser and evaporimeter, causes production cost to rise.Copper/Al bimetal capillary is a kind of typical laminar composite, is to cover one deck aluminium by the inner surface at copper pipe or outer surface to make.With respect to single copper pipe and aluminum pipe, copper aluminum composite pipes combines the good thermal conductivity of copper and the good heat conductivility of aluminium and cheap price, can ensure that heat exchange performance reaches under the prerequisite of the product national standards such as air-conditioning, significantly reduce material cost, this,, for reducing enterprise's production cost, improves enterprise competitiveness significant.
At present the preparation method of composite bimetal pipe mainly contains: drawing is compound, hydraulic expanding-forming is compound and the method such as explosive welding.Hubbing [is shown in: Yu Jiazheng, metal composite pipe and preparation method and pipe joint structure, Chinese invention patent, CN1186921A, 1998-07-08] and hydraulic expanding-forming method [see: Wang student, Li Peining, Hydraulic Expansion closes the manufacturing technology of seamed stainless steel tube lined compound pipe, pressure vessel, 2001, 18(4): 50-52] etc. cold working composite algorithm is all by base material or base conventionally, clad material produces a small amount of plastic deformation and obtains interference fit and realize compound, the multiple tube interface bond strength of preparing is low, double-level-metal compatibility of deformation is poor, be difficult to make capillary.Explosive welding (EW) connection is the larger pressure that relies on explosive charge to produce, and makes two kinds of metals realize Solid-phase welding in interface and the method that is combined with each other.While being characterized in being shaped, produce HTHP, multiple tube interface bond strength is high, but the problem existing is: operating environment is unfriendly, danger is high, production efficiency is low, recombination process is difficult to accurate control; Especially aluminum layer thickness is inhomogeneous, makes the thickness requirement that is difficult to ensure inside and outside metal level after capillary.
summary of the invention:
The problem existing for solving above-mentioned technique, the object of this invention is to provide cold the revolving of a kind of employing (room temperature swaging is called for short " cold revolving ") and prepares copper/Al bimetal method capillaceous in conjunction with diffusion annealing and drawing forming.The method is to utilize to swage and realize combining closely of copper pipe and aluminum pipe, processes to such an extent that reach the copper/aluminium composite pipe of metallurgical binding state to interface by high temperature diffusion annealing; Then adopt tube drawing with floating plug or/and empty drawing is processed, and in conjunction with intermediate annealing, obtain high-performance copper/Al bimetal capillary.Copper/aluminium of the present invention comprises internal layer and the outer field situation using copper as multiple tube, and described copper-clad is drawn together fine copper and wrought copper alloy, and aluminium comprises fine aluminium and wrought aluminium alloy.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: adopting the multi-pass cold method preparation size revolving is copper/aluminium composite pipe of Φ (7.0～15.0) mm × (0.5～2.0) mm, then diffusion annealing 10～60min under 350～500 DEG C and inert gas shielding condition; Tubing after annealing directly carries out the drawing processing of multi-pass, in conjunction with intermediate annealing, obtains the copper/Al bimetal capillary that is of a size of Φ (0.5～6.1) mm × (0.1～0.8) mm.Wherein, described multi pass drawing can adopt vertical pulling or dish to draw, and comprises tube drawing with floating plug or/and empty drawing; Drawing passes section shrinkage rate is between 10%～40%; When drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches 70% left and right, need carry out an intermediate annealing; Described intermediate annealing process is 300～400 DEG C of annealing temperatures, annealing time 10～30min; In drawing process, apply lubricatedly, lubricating oil can adopt mineral oil or vegetable oil; Drawing speed is 1～20mm/min; Described inert protective gas can be nitrogen or argon gas.
Concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:
Step 1: adopt and coldly revolve preparation and reach the minor diameter copper/aluminium composite pipe of combining closely, technique is: copper pipe is inserted in aluminum pipe, insertion is coated and is carried out multi-pass section shrinkage rate after the plug of mineral oil and revolve shaping at 20% left and right cold, makes the copper/aluminium composite pipe that is of a size of Φ (7.0～15.0) mm × (0.5～2.0) mm;
Step 2: the cold copper/aluminium composite pipe that revolves preparation is carried out to diffusion annealing, to realize the metallurgical binding at copper layer and aluminium lamination interface.Diffusion annealing system is: heating-up temperature is 350～500 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 10～60min, and passes into the anti-oxidation of inert gas shielding;
Step 3: the composite pipe after DIFFUSION TREATMENT is carried out again to the tube drawing with floating plug of multi-pass, make multiple tube size reach external diameter Φ 6.1mm, below wall thickness 0.825mm; Wherein, the passage section shrinkage rate of drawing, between 10%～40%, when drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches 70% left and right, need be carried out an intermediate annealing;
Step 4: in the time that tube outer diameter is less than Φ 2.0mm, adopt the empty drawing of multi-pass, drawing passes section shrinkage rate is between 10%～40%, when drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches 70% left and right, need carry out an intermediate annealing and continue again drawing, the final copper/Al bimetal capillary that is of a size of Φ (0.5～2.0) mm × (0.1～0.5) mm that obtains.
tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention adopts the cold preparation small size copper/aluminium composite pipe that revolves, drawing processing after diffusion annealing, and the required deformation force that is shaped is little, and instrument, die life are high, and the required driving force of equipment is little, and production cost is low.
2, the present invention utilizes cold multiple tube interface of revolving preparation to fit closely, and under suitable high temperature diffusion annealing condition, interface can reach metallurgical binding, is conducive to follow-up drawing forming, obtains high performance copper/Al bimetal capillary.
3, the present invention adopts the method that tube drawing with floating plug and empty drawing combine, and is equipped with necessary intermediate annealing, is more conducive to the deformation processing of copper layer and aluminium lamination, and the composite capillary dimensional accuracy that obtains is high, surface quality good.
brief description of the drawings:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technique of the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1: a kind of copper/Al bimetal preparation method's capillaceous process chart.
detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: the copper/Al bimetal processing method of capillary tube that is of a size of Φ 3.0mm × 0.5mm.
The T2 pure copper tube that is of a size of Φ 12.7mm × 0.55mm is inserted in the pure aluminum tube that is of a size of Φ 17.0mm × 2.0mm, insertion coats that to carry out 3 passage section shrinkage rates after the plug of mineral oil be that the cold of 20% left and right revolves, and makes the copper/aluminium composite pipe that is of a size of Φ 14.1mm × 1.3mm.Multiple tube is carried out the diffusion annealing processing of 450 DEG C of 10min under argon shield, make interface formation metallurgical binding.Multiple tube after DIFFUSION TREATMENT obtains the multiple tube of Φ 7.2mm × 0.7mm through the tube drawing with floating plug of 5 passages, carry out after the annealing in process of 350 DEG C of 30min, and continuation tube drawing with floating plug 5 passages obtain copper/Al bimetal capillary of Φ 3.0mm × 0.5mm.Drawing passes section shrinkage rate, between 10%～40%, adopts mineral oil to be lubricated.
Embodiment 2: the copper/aluminum alloy dual-metal processing method of capillary tube that is of a size of Φ 2.0mm × 0.4mm.
The T2 pure copper tube that is of a size of Φ 12.0mm × 0.5mm is inserted in 3003 aluminium-alloy pipes that are of a size of Φ 15.0mm × 1.4mm, insertion is coated and is carried out 4 passage section shrinkage rates after the plug of mineral oil and revolve at the cold of 20% left and right, makes the copper/aluminum alloy composite pipe that is of a size of Φ 11.0mm × 1.0mm.Multiple tube is carried out the diffusion annealing processing of 400 DEG C of 30min under argon shield, make interface formation metallurgical binding.Multiple tube after DIFFUSION TREATMENT obtains the multiple tube of Φ 5.5mm × 0.5mm through the tube drawing with floating plug of 5 passages, carry out becoming through 5 passage tube drawing with floating plug after the annealing in process annealing of 350 DEG C of 30min copper/aluminum alloy dual-metal capillary of Φ 2mm × 0.4mm again.Drawing passes section shrinkage rate, between 10%～40%, adopts mineral oil to be lubricated.
Embodiment 3: the copper/Al bimetal processing method of capillary tube that is of a size of Φ 0.5mm × 0.1mm.
The T2 pure copper tube that is of a size of Φ 8.0mm × 0.4mm is inserted in 3003 aluminium-alloy pipes that are of a size of Φ 10.0mm × 0.9mm, insertion is coated and is carried out 5 passage section shrinkage rates after the plug of mineral oil and revolve at the cold of 20% left and right, makes the copper/aluminium composite pipe that is of a size of Φ 7.0mm × 0.6mm.Multiple tube is carried out the diffusion annealing processing of 380 DEG C of 60min under argon shield, make interface formation metallurgical binding.Multiple tube after DIFFUSION TREATMENT obtains the multiple tube of Φ 4.0mm × 0.3mm through the tube drawing with floating plug of 4 passages; Carry out, after the annealing in process of 500 DEG C of 1h, obtaining the multiple tube of Φ 2.0mm × 0.15mm through the tube drawing with floating plug of 5 passages; Carry out after the annealing in process of 350 DEG C of 30min, then be drawn into copper/Al bimetal capillary (needing during this time to carry out the intermediate annealing of 350 DEG C of 30min) of Φ 0.5mm × 0.1mm through 7 passage skies.Drawing passes section shrinkage rate, between 10%～40%, adopts mineral oil to be lubricated.
Claims (3)
1. copper/Al bimetal preparation method capillaceous, it is characterized in that adopting the cold method preparation size revolving of multi-pass is copper/aluminium composite pipe of Φ (7.0～15.0) mm × (0.5～2.0) mm, then diffusion annealing 10～60min under 350～500 DEG C and inert gas shielding condition; Tubing after annealing directly carries out the drawing processing of multi-pass, in conjunction with intermediate annealing, obtains the copper/Al bimetal capillary that is of a size of Φ (0.5～6.1) mm × (0.1～0.8) mm; Wherein, described multi pass drawing adopts vertical pulling or dish to draw, and comprises tube drawing with floating plug or/and empty drawing; Drawing passes section shrinkage rate is between 10%～40%; When drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches 70%, need carry out an intermediate annealing; Described intermediate annealing process is 300～400 DEG C of annealing temperatures, annealing time 10～30min; In drawing process, apply lubricatedly, lubricating oil adopts mineral oil or vegetable oil; Drawing speed is 1～20mm/min.
2. a kind of copper/Al bimetal preparation method capillaceous according to claim 1, is characterized in that concrete preparation process is as follows:
Step 1: adopt and coldly revolve preparation and reach the minor diameter copper/aluminium composite pipe of combining closely, technique is: copper pipe is inserted in aluminum pipe, insertion coat carry out after the plug of mineral oil multi-pass section shrinkage rate 20% coldly revolve shaping, make the copper/aluminium composite pipe that is of a size of Φ (7.0～15.0) mm × (0.5～2.0) mm;
Step 2: the cold copper/aluminium composite pipe that revolves preparation is carried out to diffusion annealing, to realize the metallurgical binding at copper layer and aluminium lamination interface; Diffusion annealing system is: heating-up temperature is 350～500 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 10～60min, and passes into the anti-oxidation of inert gas shielding; Described inert protective gas is nitrogen or argon gas;
Step 3: the composite pipe after DIFFUSION TREATMENT is carried out again to the tube drawing with floating plug of multi-pass, make multiple tube size reach external diameter Φ 6.1mm, below wall thickness 0.825mm; Wherein, the passage section shrinkage rate of drawing, between 10%～40%, when drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches 70%, need be carried out an intermediate annealing;
Step 4: in the time that tube outer diameter is less than Φ 2.0mm, adopt the empty drawing of multi-pass, drawing passes section shrinkage rate is between 10%～40%, when drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches 70%, need carry out an intermediate annealing and continue again drawing, the final copper/Al bimetal capillary that is of a size of Φ (0.5～2.0) mm × (0.1～0.5) mm that obtains.
3. according to a kind of copper/Al bimetal preparation method capillaceous described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described copper/aluminium comprises internal layer and the outer field situation using copper as multiple tube, and described copper-clad is drawn together fine copper and wrought copper alloy, aluminium comprises fine aluminium and wrought aluminium alloy.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107144052A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥太通制冷科技有限公司 | Aluminium alloy capillary and the return-air pipe assembly with it |
| CN111520939A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-11 | 安徽兴盛达制冷铜管制造有限公司 | Aluminum capillary tube of refrigeration system and preparation method |
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| JP2000271635A (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-03 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Manufacture of tube of aluminum-based composite material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107144052A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥太通制冷科技有限公司 | Aluminium alloy capillary and the return-air pipe assembly with it |
| CN111520939A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-11 | 安徽兴盛达制冷铜管制造有限公司 | Aluminum capillary tube of refrigeration system and preparation method |
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