CN103878202B - A kind of preparation method of copper/Al bimetal capillary tube - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of copper/Al bimetal capillary tube Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The preparation method of a kind of copper/Al bimetal capillary tube, belongs to metal composite capillary tubes preparing technical field.The present invention uses copper/aluminium composite pipe that the method for the cold rotation of multi-pass prepares a size of Φ (7.0～15.0) mm × (0.5～2.0) mm, then diffusion annealing 10～60min under the conditions of 350～500 DEG C and inert gas shielding；Tubing after annealing directly carries out the drawing processing of multi-pass, in conjunction with intermediate annealing, it is thus achieved that the copper/Al bimetal capillary tube of a size of Φ (0.5～6.1) mm × (0.1～0.8) mm.The present invention uses cold rotation to prepare small size copper/aluminium composite pipe, and drawing processing after diffusion annealing shapes required deformation force little, instrument, height die life, and the driving force needed for equipment is little, and production cost is low.The method using tube drawing with floating plug and empty drawing to combine, is equipped with the intermediate annealing of necessity, is more beneficial for the deformation processing of layers of copper and aluminium lamination, and the composite capillary dimensional accuracy obtained is high, surface quality is good.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to metal composite capillary tubes preparing technical field, in particular, provide a kind of production method that can be used for copper/Al bimetal capillary tube.
Technical background:
Copper and copper alloy capillary tube be specification limit be Φ (0.5～6.1) mm × (0.1～0.8) mm(external diameter × wall thickness, the tubing that class diameter is less, wall thickness is relatively thin the most together), is wide variety of important raw and processed materials in central air-conditioning, modern household electrical equipment, instrument, instrument.Being characterized in that difficulty of processing is big, added value is high.Along with China's equipment manufacture, the developing rapidly of electrical appliance industry, the market demand of copper and copper alloy capillary tube is increasing.But, in recent years due to World Copper valency run at high level, make copper pipe ratio in air-conditioning cost bring up to about 25%, appreciable impact firms profitability and competitiveness, in the urgent need to preferable substitution material.Aluminum is the material that another kind has good heat conductive performance, and thermal conductivity is about the 60% of copper, and processing characteristics is good, and bauxite resource enriches, cheap.The work using fine aluminium capillary tube replacement fine copper capillary tube to be used as heat exchange tubing comes into one's own.But problem is, if using fine aluminium condensing tube to substitute pure copper tube in air-conditioning completely, the Energy Efficiency Ratio index of air-conditioning does not reaches national Specification requirement, and Standard to be reached must strengthen the size of condenser and vaporizer, causes production cost to rise.Copper/Al bimetal capillary tube is a kind of typical laminar composite, is by making at the inner surface of copper pipe or outer surface one layer of aluminum of covering.Relative to single copper pipe and aluminum pipe, copper aluminum composite pipes combines the excellent heat conductivity of copper and the preferable heat conductivility of aluminum and cheap price, on the premise of the product national standards such as air-conditioning can being reached ensureing heat exchange performance, significantly reduce material cost, this, for reducing enterprise's production cost, improves enterprise competitiveness significant.
At present the preparation method of composite bimetal pipe mainly has: drawing is compound, hydraulic expanding-forming is compound and the method such as explosive welding.Hubbing [is shown in: Yu Jiazheng, metal composite pipe and manufacture method and pipe joint structure, Chinese invention patent, CN1186921A, 1998-07-08] and hydraulic expanding-forming method [see: Wang student, Li Peining, the manufacturing technology of Hydraulic expansion seamed stainless steel tube lined compound pipe, pressure vessel, 2001, 18(4): 50-52] etc. cold working composite algorithm is the most all by base material or base, clad material produces a small amount of plastic deformation and obtains interference fit and realize being combined, the multiple tube interface bond strength prepared is low, double-level-metal compatibility of deformation is poor, it is difficult to make capillary tube.Explosive welding process is dependent on the bigger pressure that explosive charge produces, and makes two kinds of metals realize Solid-phase welding in interface and the method that is combined with each other.Producing High Temperature High Pressure when being characterized in shaping, multiple tube interface bond strength is high, but there is the problem that operating environment height unfriendly, dangerous, production efficiency is low, recombination process is difficult to accurately control；Especially aluminum layer thickness is uneven, is difficult to ensure that the thickness requirement of inside and outside metal level after making capillary tube.
Summary of the invention:
For solving the problem that above-mentioned technique exists, it is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of use cold rotation (room temperature swaging is called for short " cold rotation ") to combine diffusion annealing and method that drawing forming prepares copper/Al bimetal capillary tube.The method is to utilize to swage to realize combining closely of copper pipe and aluminum pipe, processes to reach the copper/aluminium composite pipe of metallurgical binding state to interface by high temperature diffusion annealing；Then use tube drawing with floating plug or/and empty drawing is processed, and combine intermediate annealing, obtain high-performance copper/Al bimetal capillary tube.Copper/aluminum of the present invention includes the internal layer using copper as multiple tube and the situation of outer layer, and described copper-clad includes fine copper and wrought copper alloy, and aluminum includes fine aluminium and wrought aluminium alloy.
In order to achieve the above object; the technical scheme is that the copper/aluminium composite pipe using the method for the cold rotation of multi-pass to prepare a size of Φ (7.0～15.0) mm × (0.5～2.0) mm, then diffusion annealing 10～60min under the conditions of 350～500 DEG C and inert gas shielding；Tubing after annealing directly carries out the drawing processing of multi-pass, in conjunction with intermediate annealing, it is thus achieved that the copper/Al bimetal capillary tube of a size of Φ (0.5～6.1) mm × (0.1～0.8) mm.Wherein, described multi pass drawing can use vertical pulling or dish to draw, including tube drawing with floating plug or/and empty drawing；Drawing passes section shrinkage rate is between 10%～40%；When drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches about 70%, an intermediate annealing need to be carried out；Described intermediate annealing process is annealing temperature 300～400 DEG C, annealing time 10～30min；Applying lubrication in drawing process, lubricating oil can use mineral oil or vegetable oil；Drawing speed is 1～20mm/min；Described inert protective gas can be nitrogen or argon.
The present invention specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1: use cold rotation preparation to reach the minor diameter copper/aluminium composite pipe combined closely, technique is: be inserted in aluminum pipe by copper pipe, insert carry out after coating the plug of mineral oil multi-pass section shrinkage rate about 20% cold rotation shape, prepare the copper/aluminium composite pipe of a size of Φ (7.0～15.0) mm × (0.5～2.0) mm；
Step 2: the copper/aluminium composite pipe of cold rotation preparation is diffused annealing, to realize layers of copper and the metallurgical binding at aluminium lamination interface.Diffusion annealing system is: heating-up temperature is 350～500 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 10～60min, and is passed through the anti-oxidation of inert gas shielding；
Step 3: the composite pipe after DIFFUSION TREATMENT carries out the tube drawing with floating plug of multi-pass again, makes multiple tube size reach external diameter Φ 6.1mm, below wall thickness 0.825mm；Wherein, the passage section shrinkage rate of drawing is between 10%～40%, when drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches about 70%, need to carry out an intermediate annealing；
Step 4: when tube outer diameter is less than Φ 2.0mm, use multi-pass sky drawing, drawing passes section shrinkage rate is between 10%～40%, when drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches about 70%, an intermediate annealing need to be carried out and be further continued for drawing, finally obtain the copper/Al bimetal capillary tube of a size of Φ (0.5～2.0) mm × (0.1～0.5) mm.
Present invention have the advantage that
1, the present invention uses cold rotation to prepare small size copper/aluminium composite pipe, and drawing processing after diffusion annealing shapes required deformation force little, instrument, height die life, and the driving force needed for equipment is little, and production cost is low.
2, the present invention utilizes the multiple tube interface laminating of cold rotation preparation closely, and under the conditions of suitable high temperature diffusion annealing, interface can reach metallurgical binding, follow-up drawing forming, obtains high performance copper/Al bimetal capillary tube.
3, the present invention uses the method that tube drawing with floating plug and empty drawing combine, and is equipped with the intermediate annealing of necessity, is more beneficial for the deformation processing of layers of copper and aluminium lamination, and the composite capillary dimensional accuracy obtained is high, surface quality is good.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the technique of the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1: the process chart of the preparation method of a kind of copper/Al bimetal capillary tube.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: the copper of a size of Φ 3.0mm × 0.5mm/Al bimetal processing method of capillary tube.
The T2 pure copper tube of a size of Φ 12.7mm × 0.55mm is inserted in the pure aluminum tube of a size of Φ 17.0mm × 2.0mm, insert and carry out, after coating the plug of mineral oil, the cold rotation that 3 passage section shrinkage rates are about 20%, prepare the copper/aluminium composite pipe of a size of Φ 14.1mm × 1.3mm.The diffusion annealing that multiple tube carries out under argon shield 450 DEG C of 10min processes, and makes interface form metallurgical binding.Multiple tube after DIFFUSION TREATMENT obtains the multiple tube of Φ 7.2mm × 0.7mm through the tube drawing with floating plug of 5 passages, after carrying out the annealing of 350 DEG C of 30min, continues tube drawing with floating plug 5 passage and obtains the copper/Al bimetal capillary tube of Φ 3.0mm × 0.5mm.Drawing passes section shrinkage rate, between 10%～40%, uses mineral oil to be lubricated.
Embodiment 2: the copper of a size of Φ 2.0mm × 0.4mm/aluminum alloy dual-metal processing method of capillary tube.
The T2 pure copper tube of a size of Φ 12.0mm × 0.5mm is inserted in 3003 aluminium-alloy pipes of a size of Φ 15.0mm × 1.4mm, insert and carry out, after coating the plug of mineral oil, the cold rotation that 4 passage section shrinkage rates are about 20%, prepare the copper/aluminum alloy composite pipe of a size of Φ 11.0mm × 1.0mm.The diffusion annealing that multiple tube carries out under argon shield 400 DEG C of 30min processes, and makes interface form metallurgical binding.Multiple tube after DIFFUSION TREATMENT obtains the multiple tube of Φ 5.5mm × 0.5mm through the tube drawing with floating plug of 5 passages, becomes the copper/aluminum alloy dual-metal capillary tube of Φ 2mm × 0.4mm after carrying out the annealing annealing of 350 DEG C of 30min again through 5 passage tube drawing with floating plug.Drawing passes section shrinkage rate, between 10%～40%, uses mineral oil to be lubricated.
Embodiment 3: the copper of a size of Φ 0.5mm × 0.1mm/Al bimetal processing method of capillary tube.
The T2 pure copper tube of a size of Φ 8.0mm × 0.4mm is inserted in 3003 aluminium-alloy pipes of a size of Φ 10.0mm × 0.9mm, insert and carry out, after coating the plug of mineral oil, the cold rotation that 5 passage section shrinkage rates are about 20%, prepare the copper/aluminium composite pipe of a size of Φ 7.0mm × 0.6mm.The diffusion annealing that multiple tube carries out under argon shield 380 DEG C of 60min processes, and makes interface form metallurgical binding.Multiple tube after DIFFUSION TREATMENT obtains the multiple tube of Φ 4.0mm × 0.3mm through the tube drawing with floating plug of 4 passages；After carrying out the annealing of 500 DEG C of 1h, obtain the multiple tube of Φ 2.0mm × 0.15mm through the tube drawing with floating plug of 5 passages；After carrying out the annealing of 350 DEG C of 30min, then it is drawn into copper/Al bimetal the capillary tube intermediate annealing of 350 DEG C of 30min (period need to carry out) of Φ 0.5mm × 0.1mm through 7 passage skies.Drawing passes section shrinkage rate, between 10%～40%, uses mineral oil to be lubricated.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of copper/Al bimetal capillary tube; it is characterized in that the copper/aluminium composite pipe using the method for the cold rotation of multi-pass to prepare a size of Φ (7.0～15.0) mm × (0.5～2.0) mm, then diffusion annealing 10～60min under the conditions of 350～500 DEG C and inert gas shielding；Tubing after annealing directly carries out the drawing processing of multi-pass, in conjunction with intermediate annealing, it is thus achieved that the copper/Al bimetal capillary tube of a size of Φ (0.5～6.1) mm × (0.1～0.8) mm；Wherein, the drawing of described multi-pass uses vertical pulling or dish to draw, including tube drawing with floating plug or/and empty drawing；Drawing passes section shrinkage rate is between 10%～40%；When drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches 70%, an intermediate annealing need to be carried out；Described intermediate annealing process is annealing temperature 300～400 DEG C, annealing time 10～30min；Applying lubrication in drawing process, lubricating oil uses mineral oil or vegetable oil；Drawing speed is 1～20mm/min；Described copper/aluminum includes the internal layer using copper as multiple tube and the situation of outer layer, and described copper-clad includes fine copper and wrought copper alloy, and aluminum includes fine aluminium and wrought aluminium alloy.
The preparation method of a kind of copper/Al bimetal capillary tube, it is characterised in that concrete preparation process is as follows:
Step 1: use cold rotation preparation to reach the minor diameter copper/aluminium composite pipe combined closely, technique is: be inserted in aluminum pipe by copper pipe, insert carry out after coating the plug of mineral oil multi-pass section shrinkage rate 20% room temperature swaging shape, prepare the copper/aluminium composite pipe of a size of Φ (7.0～15.0) mm × (0.5～2.0) mm；
Step 2: the copper/aluminium composite pipe of cold rotation preparation is diffused annealing, to realize layers of copper and the metallurgical binding at aluminium lamination interface；Diffusion annealing system is: heating-up temperature is 350～500 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 10～60min, and is passed through the anti-oxidation of inert gas shielding；Described noble gas is nitrogen or argon；
Step 3: the composite pipe after DIFFUSION TREATMENT carries out the tube drawing with floating plug of multi-pass again, makes multiple tube size reach external diameter Φ 6.1mm, below wall thickness 0.825mm；Wherein, the passage section shrinkage rate of drawing is between 10%～40%, when drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches 70%, need to carry out an intermediate annealing；
Step 4: when tube outer diameter is less than Φ 2.0mm, use multi-pass sky drawing, drawing passes section shrinkage rate is between 10%～40%, when drawing accumulation section shrinkage rate reaches 70%, an intermediate annealing need to be carried out and be further continued for drawing, finally obtain the copper/Al bimetal capillary tube of a size of Φ (0.5～2.0) mm × (0.1～0.5) mm.
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| CN107144052A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥太通制冷科技有限公司 | Aluminium alloy capillary and the return-air pipe assembly with it |
| CN111520939A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-11 | 安徽兴盛达制冷铜管制造有限公司 | Aluminum capillary tube of refrigeration system and preparation method |
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| CN103170516A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-26 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Short-process preparation method of magnesium or magnesium alloy capillary |
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| JP3662765B2 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2005-06-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Method for manufacturing tube of aluminum-based composite material |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5265793A (en) * | 1989-02-07 | 1993-11-30 | Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Small thick-walled composite metal tubing and process of producing the same |
| CN2864454Y (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-01-31 | 高新(中国)有限公司 | Pipe arrangement for air conditioner and refrigerator |
| CN1843646A (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2006-10-11 | 江苏兴荣高新科技股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing copper aluminium composite tubing and copper aluminium tubing produced thereby |
| CN101364459A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2009-02-11 | 大连松辽机电设备制造有限公司 | Copper coated aluminum bus bank production method and apparatus |
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