CN100337764C - High speed-ratio hot pressing method for NiTi alloy piping billet and its special mould - Google Patents
High speed-ratio hot pressing method for NiTi alloy piping billet and its special mould Download PDFInfo
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- CN100337764C CN100337764C CNB2005100463216A CN200510046321A CN100337764C CN 100337764 C CN100337764 C CN 100337764C CN B2005100463216 A CNB2005100463216 A CN B2005100463216A CN 200510046321 A CN200510046321 A CN 200510046321A CN 100337764 C CN100337764 C CN 100337764C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an alloy tube blank hot extrusion forming technique, more specially a hot extrusion technological method of a NiTi-shaped memory alloy tube billet and a special mould thereof, which is mainly applied to hot extrusion technology forming of the NiTi alloy tube billet. The present invention has the technological processes: smelting; smithing; machining the extrusion billet; preheating the extrusion billet; coating lubricant on the extrusion billet; heating the extrusion billet; preheating a mould; coating lubricant on the mould; hot extruding; annealing. The extrusion billet is heated to 960 DEG C-1130 DEG C under the condition of inert gas protection, and preserves heat within 20 minutes to 30 minutes, and the extrusion speed is from 400 to 500 mm/s. A split combined extrusion concave die is adopted on a mould structure, so that the mould replacement is simple, and the service life can be enhanced by 3 times. The present invention has the advantages of 89% of material using ratio, good quality of the tube blank microstructure, long service life of the mould, high heating temperature, low production cost, and simple technology and device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hot-pressed technology of alloy pipe stock, be specially a kind of NiTi marmem pipe base hot extrusion process method, be mainly used in NiTi alloy pipe stock hot extrusion technique and be shaped.
Background technology
NiTi alloy, its composition are Ni50.8%Ti (at).When present this alloy making pipe joint is the time processing product with pipe with the pipe, adopt the method for machining boring usually, its shortcoming is low, the time-consuming expense material of working (machining) efficiency, cost height, and the performance of alloy depends on the quality of forging stock microstructure.Chinese patent application (application number is 01140301.2) discloses a kind of method that is directly prepared NiTi marmem pipe joint usefulness pipe by powder, can significantly reduce integrated cost, but because by the reaction heat thermal sintering, the alloy oxygen content is high relatively, performance is poor slightly, can not satisfy the serviceability of requirements at the higher level.
The metal fever extrusion molding for copper, aluminium and alloy thereof, be mature technique very, but for the NiTi alloy, the history of hot extrusion is also shorter.Mainly be owing to alloy deformation drag big (the thermal processing distortion drag under 800 ℃ is equivalent to the cold worked resistance of deformation of low-alloy steel room temperature), the extrusion temperature height adopts traditional perforation extrusion process to be difficult to be shaped; In addition, NiTi alloy oxygen uptake tendency in heating and deformation is serious, and is very high to heat treatment and lubricating process requirement, occurs defectives such as crackle, off-centre and fold easily when squeezing pipe, and the percent defective height is a kind of difficult fabircated shapes.Chinese patent application (application number is 92109984.3) discloses the cold drawn process of a kind of pipe, but the jacket hot-extrusion method of its pipe is not had detailed explanation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of NiTi alloy pipe stock two-forty hot-extrusion method and particular manufacturing craft thereof, it can reduce cost, and improves the quality and the production efficiency of product.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of NiTi alloy pipe stock two-forty hot-extrusion method, it is characterized in that technological process is: melting → forging → machined extrusion billet → extrusion billet preheating → extrusion billet is coated with lubricant → extrusion billet heating → mould and die preheating → mould and is coated with lubricant → hot extrusion → annealing, and concrete hot extrusion step is as follows:
1) the lubricated and heating of blank
With NiTi alloy blank low-temperature prewarming to 100 ℃～120 ℃, be sprayed on lubricant on the blank surface equably; The blank that then surface is scribbled lubricant is put into high temperature furnace and is continued to be heated to 960～1130 ℃, is incubated 20～30 minutes, adopts the mode of inert gas shielding heating;
2) mold lubrication and heating
With continuing to be heated to 300 ℃～500 ℃ behind mould and die preheating to 100 ℃～200 ℃ of spraying lubricants, all adopt whole mode of heating;
3) hot extrusion
The mould of the blank of heating being put into preheating pushes, and extrusion speed is 400～500mm/s;
4) annealing.
In the described step 4), extruding back pipe carries out stress relief annealing, in 700～750 ℃ of shove charges, is heated to 800～850 ℃, be incubated 30 minutes～1 hour after water-cooled.
The lubricant of described blank surface is Ti-5D or Ti-1200 glass lubricant.
The lubricant of described die surface adopts graphite powder, has cooling die, easily the characteristics of the demoulding.
A kind of NiTi alloy pipe stock two-forty hot extrusion particular manufacturing craft has extrusion axis, extruding pin, Extruding die, and the Extruding die of this mould adopts split-type combination Extruding die; The extruding pin front end of this mould has tapering.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) stock utilization height.Adopt stock utilization of the present invention can reach 89%, make the method for pipe with machining boring and compare, stock utilization improves 18%.
(2) pipe microstructure quality is good.Adopt the present invention, pipe is through after pushing, and alloy organizing is tiny equiax crystal (about 30 μ m), obviously is better than extruding preceding (about 100 μ m).
(3) the present invention adopts the two-forty extruding, makes the blank temperature drop reduce 27%, and resistance of deformation is little, and die life is long.
(4) the present invention adopts the method heating of inert gas shielding, and blank can be heated to higher temperature and not oxidation reduces resistance of deformation greatly, has reduced the tonnage of equipment.
(5) production cost is low.Produce the method for pipe with machined boring and compare, adopt production efficiency of the present invention to double, production cost reduces more than 50%.
(6) device is simple.The present invention adopts split-type combination Extruding die on mould structure, make die change simple, can improve 3 times die life.In addition, adopt the extruding pin of front end band tapering, be beneficial to pipe and be shaped.
(7) mould of the present invention carries out the integral body heating when producing pipe, makes the even heat penetration of mould, can reduce blank temperature and reduce.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structure of extrusion figure.1, upper plate; 2, the backing plate that hardens; 3, extrusion axis; 4, extruding pin; 41, extruding pin front end; 5, dummy block; 6, extrusion billet; 7, split-type combination Extruding die; 8, stress cover; 9, base; 10, alignment pin.
Fig. 2 is the extrusion axis structural representation.
Fig. 3 is extruding needle construction schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is split-type combination Extruding die structural representation.
Fig. 5 organizes metallograph for the preceding blank of extruding.
Fig. 6 organizes metallograph for extruding back pipe.
The specific embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-4, special equipment of the present invention comprises upper plate 1, the backing plate 2 that hardens, extrusion axis 3, extruding pin 4, dummy block 5, extrusion billet 6, split-type combination Extruding die 7, stress cover 8, base 9 etc., different with existing extrusion die is, the Extruding die of this mould adopts split-type combination Extruding die, the two lobe dies of splitting connect by alignment pin 10, and the extruding pin front end 41 of this mould has tapering.
The invention provides NiTi alloy pipe stock two-forty hot-extrusion method, its flow process is as follows: melting → forging → machined extrusion billet → extrusion billet preheating → extrusion billet is coated with lubricant → extrusion billet heating → mould and die preheating → mould and is coated with lubricant → hot extrusion → annealing.Get the NiTi alloy, adopt calcium oxide crucible vacuum induction melting Cheng Chongyue 8kg ingot casting.Be heated to 850 ℃ of insulations homogenising processing in 1 hour back hammer cogging and become pole, the machined extrusion billet.Concrete hot extrusion step is as follows:
1) the lubricated and heating of blank:
With NiTi alloy blank low-temperature prewarming to 100 ℃～120 ℃, adopt spray gun that glass lubricant is sprayed on the blank surface equably, its thickness is about 1～2mm.The blank that then surface is scribbled glass lubricant is put into high temperature furnace and is continued to be heated to extrusion temperature.Adopt the mode of inert gas shielding heating among the present invention, heating-up temperature can be brought up to 1100 ℃ and not oxidation reduces plastic force greatly.
Glass lubricant of the present invention is the commercially available prod, adopts this area conventional lubricants, and its manufacturer makes every effort to achieve glass scientific and technological development Co., Ltd for sky, Beijing, and specifications and models are Ti-5D or Ti-1200.
2) mold lubrication and heating:
With mould and die preheating to 100 ℃～200 ℃ of spraying lubricants (its thickness is about 1～2mm), continue to be heated to 300 ℃～500 ℃ then, all adopt whole heating.In the present invention, the lubricant of die surface adopts graphite powder, the easy demoulding of extruding back pipe.
3) hot extrusion
The mould of the blank of heating being put into preheating pushes fast, and extrusion speed is 400～500mm/s.Extruding is one of key character of the present invention fast, compares with the conventional speeds extruding, and blank temperature does not descend or descends seldom, makes blank keep good plasticity, is easy to be shaped.
4) annealing
Extruding back pipe stress relief annealing prevents the vertical or horizontal cracking of pipe.
Embodiment
Get the NiTi alloy, through above-mentioned technology melting, forge into Φ 55mm pole, be machined to Φ 49mm * 55mm, internal diameter is the extrusion billet of 16mm.Extrusion billet is preheated to 120 ℃; spray gun spraying glass lubricant (present embodiment adopts Ti-5D type glass lubricant); put into high temperature furnace then, (present embodiment employing argon gas) continues to be heated to 960～1130 ℃ under the inert gas shielding environment, is incubated 20 minutes.Mould and die preheating to 120 ℃ graphite spraying powder is lubricated, continues heating then, and extrusion axis and extruding pin are heated to 300 ℃, and Extruding die is heated to 500 ℃, is whole heating.Extrusion speed 400～500mm/s, extrusion billet are fetched into extruding and the time started are no more than 10 seconds.Extruding back pipe stress relief annealing, its technology is 700 ℃ of shove charges, is heated to 830 ℃, be incubated 30 minutes～1 hour after water-cooled.Its technological parameter is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Extrusion billet size/mm | Extrusion tube blank size/mm | Extrusion speed/mm/s | Extrusion temperature ℃ | ||||
| External diameter | Internal diameter | Highly | External diameter | Internal diameter | Wall thickness | ||
| 49 | 16 | 55 | 30 | 16 | 7 | 400～500 | 960 |
| 49 | 16 | 55 | 30 | 16 | 7 | 400～500 | 1000 |
| 49 | 16 | 55 | 30 | 16 | 7 | 400～500 | 1130 |
Adopt the present invention, pipe is through after pushing, and alloy organizing is tiny equiax crystal (about 30 μ m), sees Fig. 6; Obviously be better than extruding preceding (about 100 μ m), see Fig. 5.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of NiTi alloy pipe stock two-forty hot-extrusion method, it is characterized in that technological process is: melting → forging → machined extrusion billet → extrusion billet preheating → extrusion billet is coated with lubricant → extrusion billet heating → mould and die preheating → mould and is coated with lubricant → hot extrusion → annealing, and concrete hot extrusion step is as follows:
The first step: the lubricated and heating of blank
With NiTi alloy blank low-temperature prewarming to 100 ℃～120 ℃, be sprayed on lubricant on the blank surface equably; The blank that then surface is scribbled lubricant is put into high temperature furnace and is continued to be heated to 960～1130 ℃, is incubated 20～30 minutes, adopts the mode of inert gas shielding heating;
Second step: mold lubrication and heating
With continuing to be heated to 300 ℃～500 ℃ behind mould and die preheating to 100 ℃～200 ℃ of spraying lubricants, all adopt whole mode of heating;
The 3rd step: hot extrusion
The mould of the blank of heating being put into preheating pushes, and extrusion speed is 400～500mm/s;
The 4th step: annealing.
2, according to the described NiTi alloy pipe stock of claim 1 two-forty hot-extrusion method, it is characterized in that: in described the 4th step, extruding back pipe carries out stress relief annealing, in 700～750 ℃ of shove charges, be heated to 800～850 ℃, be incubated 30 minutes～1 hour after water-cooled.
3, according to the described NiTi alloy pipe stock of claim 1 two-forty hot-extrusion method, it is characterized in that: the lubricant of described blank surface is Ti-5D or Ti-1200 glass lubricant.
4, according to the described NiTi alloy pipe stock of claim 1 two-forty hot-extrusion method, it is characterized in that: the lubricant of described die surface adopts graphite powder.
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| CNB2005100463216A CN100337764C (en) | 2005-04-27 | 2005-04-27 | High speed-ratio hot pressing method for NiTi alloy piping billet and its special mould |
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| CN101670384B (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2013-06-05 | 浙江军联铜业有限公司 | Process for producing extruded hollow bar with high lead and low copper content |
| CN102357622B (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2014-04-16 | 宝鸡三线有色金属制造有限公司 | Technology for preparing titanium-nickel-niobium memory alloy rings |
| CN102371327A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-03-14 | 重庆工具厂有限责任公司 | Forging mould and method for high-speed steel spindle piece |
| CN103170797B (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2015-12-02 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | The Compound Extrusion preparation method of a kind of major diameter high-quality pipe or ring base |
| CN104646444A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Titanium alloy profile extrusion anti-oxidation and lubrication method |
| CN103736767A (en) * | 2013-12-14 | 2014-04-23 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Extrusion method for producing nickel pipes |
| CN106345832A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 常州中钢精密锻材有限公司 | Pure titanium pipe extrusion process using novel lubricating manner |
| CN112935002B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2023-04-21 | 兰州理工大学 | Extrusion die for preparing nickel alloy bar and preparation method |
| CN113182374A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-30 | 合肥合锻智能制造股份有限公司 | Thermal forming method of high-strength structural member |
| CN114700407A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-05 | 河南航天液压气动技术有限公司 | Forming method for drawing and extruding hemispherical parts |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1014063B (en) * | 1952-10-01 | 1957-08-22 | Comptoir Ind Etirage | Hot pressing process for the production of multilayer metal rods or pipes |
| JPS60174804A (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-09-09 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Production of pipe |
| JPS613614A (en) * | 1984-06-19 | 1986-01-09 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Manufacture of shape memory alloy |
| WO1996017698A1 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-13 | Sandvik Ab | Machining of a memory metal |
| CN1422717A (en) * | 2001-12-03 | 2003-06-11 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Method for directly preparing TiNi shape memory alloy pipe joint from element powders |
-
2005
- 2005-04-27 CN CNB2005100463216A patent/CN100337764C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1014063B (en) * | 1952-10-01 | 1957-08-22 | Comptoir Ind Etirage | Hot pressing process for the production of multilayer metal rods or pipes |
| JPS60174804A (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-09-09 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Production of pipe |
| JPS613614A (en) * | 1984-06-19 | 1986-01-09 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Manufacture of shape memory alloy |
| WO1996017698A1 (en) * | 1994-12-07 | 1996-06-13 | Sandvik Ab | Machining of a memory metal |
| CN1422717A (en) * | 2001-12-03 | 2003-06-11 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Method for directly preparing TiNi shape memory alloy pipe joint from element powders |
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