CN103875602A - Male young cyclemys trifasciata hatching method capable of obtaining high hatchability - Google Patents
Male young cyclemys trifasciata hatching method capable of obtaining high hatchability Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a male young cyclemys trifasciata hatching method capable of obtaining high hatchability, and relates to cyclemys trifasciatas. In the reproduction season of the cyclemys trifasciatas, a first layer of hatching matrix is laid at the bottom of a hatching box, and fertilized eggs are horizontally placed on the first layer of hatching matrix with the animal poles upward and then covered with a second layer of hatching matrix; the hatching box is placed on a shelf in a hatching room, the temperature in the hatching room is controlled to be at 26 DEG C-30.5 DEG C, the relative humidity is controlled to be 65-90%, and the hatching temperature is kept until the young cyclemys trifasciatas come out of shells. The eggs are hatched at high temperature except a temperature sensitive period, the indoor temperature and the humidity of the hatching media are adjusted correspondingly according to different growth periods, the hatching period can be shortened greatly, and the occurrence rate of mildewed eggs is reduced, so that hatchability of young water turtles is improved, the hatching period is shortened by about 25 days, and the hatchability is improved to more than 95%; the eggs are hatched in a suitable temperature range, and the male young cyclemys trifasciatas which are health and obvious in male characteristic can be hatched within about 85 days.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cuora trifasciata, particularly relate to a kind of hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability.
Background technology
In Cuora trifasciata (Cuora trifasciata) classification, be subordinate to Reptilia Chelonia Testudinidae Cuora, be mainly distributed in China Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, Hunan, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, also there is distribution the south east asia such as Vietnam, Laos.Cuora trifasciata belongs to temperature Sex Determination type animal, and its sex depends on the incubation temperature of a certain specific period (temperature sensitive period) in hatching process, and high temperature hatching can produce female tortoise seedling during this period, otherwise produces male tortoise seedling.Due to greenhouse effect, the offspring that Cuora trifasciata is hatched under field conditions (factors) more than 99.9% is female, and the sex control technique research of therefore carrying out this kind of animal just seems very important for the existence of these species.
Both at home and abroad about the invention of Cuora trifasciata is very limited, Chinese patent CN101897318A discloses a kind of Cyclemys trifasciata hatching method, its operation sequence comprises: small water turtle is got river sand ready between the expected date of childbirth, clay is uniformly mixed into sandy soil, through the sun be exposed to the sun sterilization insert in casing stand-by; Small water turtle is laid eggs in latter 24 hours, selects fertilized egg and it is imbedded in sandy soil at a certain distance, casing is moved to indoor; The water content of sandy soil is controlled to 6%～8%, sandy soil temperature setting is set to 25～27 ℃ to hatch male young tortoise, or sandy soil temperature setting is set to 29.2～29.8 ℃ to hatch female young tortoise; Once made regular check on hatching situation as frequency take 2～3 days, find that bad ovum removes in time.But hatching with this understanding, the incubation cycle of small water turtle is at least about 110 days, and because incubation cycle is long, incubation temperature is low, and fertilized egg Signs of Mould is commonplace, and it is 50%～60% just relatively good that incubation rate reaches.Chinese patent CN102669048A discloses the controlled method for distinguishing of a kind of Cyclemys trifasciata hatching: its method is that the small water turtle egg of fertilization is placed in the hatching with Automatic Control negative ion amount, ozone amount, humidity, temperature stops up, and controls female, the male young tortoise of hatching by negative ion amount, ozone amount, humidity, temperature, the difference control curve of time that hatching is stopped up.Chinese patent CN102885004 discloses a kind of simple and easy method of hatching the male young of Mauremys mutica, it comprises the following steps: 1) Mauremys mutica mating season, hatching box with ventilative casing as newborn ovum, at hatching box inner bottom part paving hatching medium, keep hatching medium humidity, fertilized egg major diameter keeps flat into hatching medium, and embryo position upwards, then covers the hatching medium of same humidity on fertilized egg again; 2) hatching box is placed horizontally on the support in artificial cellar, controls temperature, air humidity in cellar, hatching 55～65 days in cellar; 3) in cellar, hatching tortoise ovum to the embryonic development in ovum is gone through the phase and is exceeded 23 after dates, hatching box level is moved to common hatching house and continue to hatch, and hatches young tortoise after 10～20 days and hatches.Due to the restriction of Cuora trifasciata resource, about the rare report of Research Literature of its reproductive biology aspect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to feminize for hatching Cuora trifasciata tortoise seedling under current natural conditions, long-time incubation in low temperature causes the problems such as fertilized egg is mouldy, incubation rate is low, provide and can shorten incubation cycle, increase the growth cycle of tortoise seedling, thereby increase the hatching m of a kind of male tortoise seedling of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability of tortoise seedling physique.
The present invention includes following steps:
1), in Cuora trifasciata mating season, at incubator box bottom paving ground floor hatching medium, fertilized egg animal pole upwards lies on ground floor hatching medium, then covers second layer hatching medium;
2) incubator box is placed on the rack of hatching house, the temperature in hatching house is controlled at 26～30.5 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 65%～90%, keeps incubation temperature to tortoise seedling to go out shell.
In step 1), described incubator box can adopt plastic box, is preferably open type rectangular plastic hopper; The composition of described ground floor hatching medium can be vermiculite 50% by mass percentage, river sand 25%, clay particle 25%; The thickness of described ground floor hatching medium can be 4.5～6cm, preferably 5cm, and ground floor hatching medium water content remains between 8%～25%, is preferably controlled at 5%～10% at the hatching initial stage, and hatching mid-term is 15%, and the hatching later stage is 25%; The composition of described second layer hatching medium can be vermiculite 50% by mass percentage, river sand 25%, clay particle 25%; The thickness of described second layer hatching medium can be 1.5～2.5cm, preferably 2cm; The spacing of described fertilized egg can be 1～1.5cm; Described ground floor hatching medium and second layer hatching medium before use, are preferably fully exposed to the sun in the sun 2～3 days or use disinfection by ultraviolet light.
In step 2) in, the temperature in described hatching house and temperature are preferably controlled by the following method: from starting hatching to embryonic development to 14 phase, the temperature in hatching house is controlled at 30.5 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 65%; Since 14 phases, with the speed of 2 ℃ of/day, the temperature in hatching house is down to 26 ℃, relative moisture remains on 80%～85%, under this temperature and humidity, hatching is to 22 phases, with the speed of 2 ℃ of/day, temperature is risen to 30.5 ℃ again, indoor humidity remains on 90%, keeps this incubation temperature to tortoise seedling to go out shell.
The present invention is directed to that Cuora trifasciata yields poorly, the serious problem such as in great shortage of male tortoise seedling, adopt and beyond temperature sensitive period, carry out high temperature hatching, and according to the difference of growing the period, humidity to indoor humidity and incubation medium adjusts accordingly, can greatly shorten incubation cycle like this, reduce mould egg incidence, the incubation rate of small water turtle is significantly improved, and the present invention can shorten incubation cycle about 25 days, incubation rate is increased to more than 95% simultaneously; The present invention is hatched in suitable temperature range, can hatch physique stalwartness, the obvious male Cuora trifasciata tortoise seedling of male characteristic about 85 days.In the present invention, Cuora trifasciata belongs to temperature Sex Determination type animal, and incubation in low temperature (26 ℃) produces male, and high temperature (29.6 ℃) hatching produces female, is 1: 1 at medium temperature (29 ℃) female-male proportion.The temperature sensitive period of Cuora trifasciata hatching was 14～22 phases, at this developmental stage, temperature was controlled to 26 ℃, and 100% produces male tortoise seedling.The present invention is by controlling scientifically and rationally incubation temperature, according to embryonic development different time, the actual requirement of humidity is rationally adjusted the relative moisture in hatching house, the incubation rate of Cuora trifasciata is reached more than 95%, the ratio of male tortoise seedling is more than 97%, than the time shorten of cryogenic thermostat hatching 10～20 days, the growth rate of tortoise seedling significantly improves, and the physique of tortoise seedling is obviously better than the tortoise seedling of cryogenic thermostat hatching.The present invention can improve the incubation rate (more than 95%) of small water turtle and the male ratio (more than 97%) of tortoise seedling greatly, when obtaining male tortoise seedling, tortoise seedling goes out shell nearly one month in advance, has increased valuable growth cycle, for tortoise seedling subsequent growth is had laid a good foundation.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated for following examples.
Embodiment 1
Spawning season (5～July) in Cuora trifasciata is collected fertilized egg, the hatching medium of place mat 5cm in plastics incubator box (50% vermiculite+25% river sand+25% clay particle), water content of substrate 8～25%; The animal pole of fertilized egg upwards lies on hatching medium, and fertilized egg spacing remains on 1.2cm left and right, covers water content of substrate about 8% on it with being more than or equal to the hatching medium that the thick humidity of 1.5cm is identical; Incubator box is positioned over to controllable temperature, controls in wet hatching house, and the relative moisture of hatching house remains on 65% left and right, near temperature is controlled at 30.5 ℃ but do not exceed 30.5 ℃.
When embryonic development is during to the regular period (temperature sensitive period), the temperature of hatching house is adjusted to 26 ℃ with the speed of 2 ℃/day, air humidity is adjusted to 80%～85%, the water content of hatching medium remains on 15%, hatch to Late Embryogenesis (temperature sensitive period finishes), then temperature is adjusted to 30.5 ℃ with the speed of 2 ℃/day, air humidity is adjusted to 90%, the water content of hatching medium is adjusted to 25%, and hatching is until tortoise seedling goes out shell with this understanding.
Every other day check hatching and the embryonic development situation of fertilized egg, find that mould egg is removed in time and the thorough hatching medium of changing.
Carry out hatching experiment with 100 fertilized eggs under these conditions, incubation rate is greater than 95%, and the ratio of male tortoise seedling is greater than 97%, incubation cycle between 83～90 days, average incubation cycle approximately 85 days.
Embodiment 2
Spawning season (5～July) in Cuora trifasciata is collected fertilized egg, the hatching medium of place mat 5cm in plastics incubator box (50% vermiculite+25% river sand+25% clay particle), water content of substrate 8～25%; The animal pole of fertilized egg upwards lies on hatching medium, and fertilized egg spacing remains on 1.2cm left and right, on it, covers with being more than or equal to the hatching medium that the thick humidity of 1.5cm is identical; Incubator box is positioned over to controllable temperature, controls in wet hatching house, whole hatching process temperature is controlled at 25～26 ℃, the relative moisture of hatching house remains on 65% left and right at the hatching initial stage, mid-term is adjusted to 80%～85% in hatching, the hatching later stage is adjusted to more than 90%, the water content of hatching medium is controlled at 8% at the hatching initial stage, hatching remains on 15% mid-term, and the hatching later stage is adjusted to 25%.
Every other day check hatching and the embryonic development situation of fertilized egg, find that mould egg is removed in time and the thorough hatching medium of changing.
Carry out hatching experiment with 30 fertilized eggs under these conditions, incubation rate is about 55%, and the ratio of male tortoise seedling is greater than 99%, incubation cycle between 110～120 days, average incubation cycle approximately 115 days.
Embodiment 3
Spawning season (5～July) in Cuora trifasciata is collected fertilized egg, the hatching medium of place mat 5cm in plastics incubator box (50% vermiculite+25% river sand+25% clay particle), water content of substrate 8%～25%; The animal pole of fertilized egg upwards lies on hatching medium, and fertilized egg spacing remains on 1.2cm left and right, on it, covers with being more than or equal to the hatching medium that the thick humidity of 1.5cm is identical; Incubator box is positioned over to controllable temperature, controls in wet hatching house, whole hatching process temperature is controlled at 30.5 ℃, the relative moisture of hatching house remains on 65% left and right at the hatching initial stage, mid-term is adjusted to 80%～85% in hatching, the hatching later stage is adjusted to more than 90%, the water content of hatching medium is controlled at 8% at the hatching initial stage, hatching remains on 15% mid-term, and the hatching later stage is adjusted to 25%.
Every other day check hatching and the embryonic development situation of fertilized egg, find that mould egg is removed in time and the thorough hatching medium of changing.
Carry out hatching experiment with 30 fertilized eggs under these conditions, incubation rate is about 95%, and the ratio of female tortoise seedling is greater than 98%, incubation cycle between 88～97 days, average incubation cycle approximately 92 days.
Claims (10)
1. the hatching m that can obtain the male tortoise seedling of Cuora trifasciata of high hatchability, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1), in Cuora trifasciata mating season, at incubator box bottom paving ground floor hatching medium, fertilized egg animal pole upwards lies on ground floor hatching medium, then covers second layer hatching medium;
2) incubator box is placed on the rack of hatching house, the temperature in hatching house is controlled at 26～30.5 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 65%～90%, keeps incubation temperature to tortoise seedling to go out shell.
2. the hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of a kind of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), described incubator box adopts plastic box, is preferably open type rectangular plastic hopper.
3. the hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of a kind of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), the composition of described ground floor hatching medium is vermiculite 50% by mass percentage, river sand 25%, clay particle 25%.
4. the hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of a kind of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), the thickness of described ground floor hatching medium is 4.5～6cm, preferably 5cm.
5. the hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of a kind of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 1), described ground floor hatching medium water content remains between 8%～25%, preferably be controlled at 5%～10% at the hatching initial stage, hatching mid-term is 15%, and the hatching later stage is 25%.
6. the hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of a kind of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), the composition of described second layer hatching medium is vermiculite 50% by mass percentage, river sand 25%, clay particle 25%.
7. the hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of a kind of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), the thickness of described second layer hatching medium is 1.5～2.5cm, preferably 2cm.
8. the hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of a kind of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1), the spacing of described fertilized egg is 1～1.5cm.
9. the hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of a kind of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 1), described ground floor hatching medium and second layer hatching medium before use, are fully exposed to the sun in the sun 2～3 days or use disinfection by ultraviolet light.
10. the hatching m of the male tortoise seedling of a kind of Cuora trifasciata that obtains high hatchability as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 2) in, temperature and temperature in hatching house are controlled by the following method: from starting hatching to embryonic development to 14 phase, temperature in hatching house is controlled at 30.5 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 65%; Since 14 phases, with the speed of 2 ℃ of/day, the temperature in hatching house is down to 26 ℃, relative moisture remains on 80%～85%, under this temperature and humidity, hatching is to 22 phases, with the speed of 2 ℃ of/day, temperature is risen to 30.5 ℃ again, indoor humidity remains on 90%, keeps this incubation temperature to tortoise seedling to go out shell.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104396877A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-03-11 | 南宁市水产畜牧兽医技术推广站 | Incubation method of male small water turtle |
| CN105850792A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-17 | 五河县顺鹏农副产品有限公司 | Incubation method of Chinese soft-shell turtle eggs |
| CN105961324A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-09-28 | 李莉 | Incubation method for shortening incubation period of bar-headed gooses |
| CN106305621A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 北海市铁山港区华俊养殖有限公司 | High-yield incubation method for Yellow-margined Box Turtle |
| CN106359270A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 北海市铁山港区华俊养殖有限公司 | Method for incubating male cuora trifasciata |
| CN106386664A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 北海市铁山港区华俊养殖有限公司 | Short-cycle hatching method for male yellow pond turtles |
| CN106489845A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-03-15 | 深圳职业技术学院 | A kind of hatching method of the complete female Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) for obtaining high hatchability |
| CN106550923A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-04-05 | 深圳职业技术学院 | A kind of hatching method of Mauremys mutica |
| CN106688973A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 蚌埠市渔歌农业科技有限公司 | Method of increasing hatching rate of crucian carp |
| CN106818625A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of method for improving Cuora flavomarginate hatching speed |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104396877A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-03-11 | 南宁市水产畜牧兽医技术推广站 | Incubation method of male small water turtle |
| CN105850792A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-08-17 | 五河县顺鹏农副产品有限公司 | Incubation method of Chinese soft-shell turtle eggs |
| CN105961324A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-09-28 | 李莉 | Incubation method for shortening incubation period of bar-headed gooses |
| CN106305621A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 北海市铁山港区华俊养殖有限公司 | High-yield incubation method for Yellow-margined Box Turtle |
| CN106359270A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-01 | 北海市铁山港区华俊养殖有限公司 | Method for incubating male cuora trifasciata |
| CN106386664A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 北海市铁山港区华俊养殖有限公司 | Short-cycle hatching method for male yellow pond turtles |
| CN106550923A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-04-05 | 深圳职业技术学院 | A kind of hatching method of Mauremys mutica |
| CN106688973A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-24 | 蚌埠市渔歌农业科技有限公司 | Method of increasing hatching rate of crucian carp |
| CN106489845A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-03-15 | 深圳职业技术学院 | A kind of hatching method of the complete female Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) for obtaining high hatchability |
| CN106818625A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of method for improving Cuora flavomarginate hatching speed |
| CN106818625B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 浙江海洋大学 | Method for improving hatching speed of cuora flavomarginata |
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