CN103862555A - Energy-saving symmetrical screw-type extruder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving symmetrical screw-type extruder and aims at providing an extruding device which is simple in structure and saves energy and strength. The key point of the technical scheme is that groups of screw blades installed on paired spindles are transversely and horizontally arranged, transmission wheels sleeve the blank positions of rear sections of the spindles with one end where the screw blades are installed or the middle positions of the spindles with two ends where the screw blades are installed, the sides of the transmission wheels are opposite, a plurality of backup wheels are arranged on peripheral lines of the outer edges of the transmission wheels at intervals, worms are installed on the upper edges or the lower edges of the same sides of the transmission wheels, at least screw grooves opposite in screwing direction and at two ends of each worm are respectively nested with one backup wheel of each transmission wheel, and under the power driving effect, the paired transmission wheels and the same number of spindles perform clockwise rotation with one half of the screw blades and perform anticlockwise rotation with the other half of the screw blades so as to do work.

Description

Energy-saving symmetrical expression extruser

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of plant equipment that brick and tile enterprise is equipped with, is more precisely more specifically that the main frame that must select one is wherein screw extrusion molding machine.

Background technology

Traditional way is that prior art is that raw material is first carried or fallen in the extruser that only has single head outlet after mixer is processed, be at least two procedures and just can make loose raw material change into closely and meet the strip of technological requirement size, then be divided into single mold by cutting cutter and blank cutter.Its structure of mixer with acting principle as shown in Figure 1: double joint stir major axis 1 be arranged in open type tank diameter 2, multiple paddle 3 use screw rods add 4 points, nut all around altogether four direction with equidistant and mutually stagger and be arranged on major axis, the double joint major axis being driven by power together turns round together with some paddles, wherein one be left-handed one for dextrorotation, up down inwardly rotation each other of inner side of outside, because two large faces of each piece paddle are that inclined-plane meets at right angles with axle is non-, thereby on-streamly constantly raw material is carried forward.Because most of raw materials must add a certain proportion of water, adding of water is easy to make the local glomeration of raw material, this ball its in whipping process be difficult to obtain disperse with pinch mill and form batch mixing irregular, chasing after its reason is not difficult to find: in running, can obviously see three different clay streams of walking speed (containing other raw materials), middle faster than both sides, this is because its paddle superposes each other and overlaps the cause of certain size in rotation on the axle of two parallel installations, take clay as example, article three, the chance that clay stream is difficult to mix and stir, as meet its surface layer of overcharge and be not subject to any resistance as floating on the water.Be only space because adjacent front and back two paddles must maintain a certain distance, do not say the handstone in clay, harder walk is also difficult to grind, therefore entering next procedure is in extruder, to be a kind of raw material of doing wet and plucked, after being cut into tile blank tire, easily there is the difference in size, cause thus bending, distortion, even the disadvantage such as cracking.Therefore some producer selects to lengthen or increase to stir together or increase the methods such as one pair roller and solves above-mentioned deficiency, but must be to improve operating cost and to strengthen investment as cost.

Extruser is one of requisite a kind of main mechanical of brick and tile enterprise, nothing more than vacuum type and the large class of plain edition two, the two its main difference has been whether to install vavuum pump and has extracted the air in raw material, its cost of vacuum type and power consumption are far above plain edition, only have in the time that raw material plasticity is too low and do thin-walled hollow goods and just select, the structure of vacuum type extruder with acting principle as shown in Figure 2: by running in conveyer belt raw material is transported to back segment material feeding place in higher level's tank diameter 1, connect in paddle 3 makes its acquisition mix and stir in rotation and also pass forward through shaft 2 bands, after putting in place again from being pushed away toward the outlet of higher level's seal cylinder sleeve 5 with paddle and the screw reamer 4 that is arranged on same axle, owing on the shaft in seal cylinder sleeve outlet position, cutting knife 6 being installed, raw material is cut into fragment and fall to the rear position material feeding section in subordinate's seal cylinder sleeve 7, in whereabouts, there is certain space in raw material, for the air extracting herein in raw material provides an advantage, the real pump (not shown) that air is mounted makes raw material combination in extruding more tight after extracting out, at the meta of vacuum tank 8, pressing plate 9 is installed, in running, press down past raw material, below pressing plate, be main shaft 10 and be arranged on the helical blade (reamer) 11 on main shaft, the raw material of being depressed by pressing plate enters screw reamer and surmounts head 12 and machine mouth 13, owing to head and its cross section of machine mouth sharply successively decreasing applied certain resistance to raw material in surmounting, making thus becomes and has definite shape compact rectangular after the originally loose squeezed machine outlet of raw material, be divided into single mold through cutting cutter and blank cutter (not shown) again.

Its weak point be because of complex structure manufacturing cost high, two machines are that higher level's mixer and subordinate's extruder must drive with corresponding two motors by supporting two reductors, each root axle must install before and after each one group of bearing and bearing block for supporting location, upper can't do without of charging place of extruder will be installed the relevant accessories such as pressing plate in addition.There is in addition big energy-consuming and mostly be the disadvantages such as open type poor stability because of higher level's tank diameter.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is for making up above-mentioned deficiency, aims to provide a kind of simple in structure, energy and labour saving, and it stirs trembles and extrudes the extrusion equipment that not only can separate but also can two-in-one, is achieved by the following technical solutions.

Extrude for double helix according to lay two screw spindles (abbreviation main shaft) and two groups of helical blades (abbreviation spiral) in same cylinder sleeve, otherwise for single-screw is extruded, the present invention is no matter be that single-screw is extruded or double helix is extruded, must in pairs laterally (extrude left and right directions for vertical) horizontally, horizontal arrangement before and after doing in pairs by two groups or more spiral, rear position clear band (without helical blade place) at each root screw spindle in the time that single head is extruded is installed respectively each drive, when extruding, double end, in the interposition of each root main shaft, each drive is installed, each drive side is all on the same line, on the outer rim contour of each drive, be equidistant several can original position the roller of rotation, two of drives are one group of list group or to organize its side be rods arranged in horizontal line more, two large front and back facing to helical axis, simultaneously in the top of the same side of each drive or a worm screw is installed below, on worm screw, the helicla flute at two is according to how many dimidiations and its fit of drive, in running, worm screw is that initiative driver is that passive company and main shaft and helical blade running are done work.On each drive, wherein have at least a roller to be arranged in the helicla flute and its fit of worm screw, it is dextrorotation that two one of helicla flutes are left-handed one, it is running in the other direction that the on-stream Fen Do of worm screw being driven by power promotes every single or multiple double ends of two drive, 1/2nd is left-handed 1/2nd for dextrorotation, thereby the helical blade in cylinder sleeve that drives helical axis to connect and to be arranged on axle anteposition together rotates, in rotation, raw material is pushed forward, surmounting section becomes and has definite shape hard-packed base bar much smaller than the head of cylinder sleeve and machine mouth.

Single head is extruded the on-stream single group helical rotation that can only drive main shaft company and axle leading portion of each drive, although there is twinned main shaft and drive and helical blade, manifest the twin-feed spiral groove that energy-conservation part is only worm screw, be that helicla flute its rotation direction in two is opposite each other, thereby on-stream impel twinned drive wherein half be clockwise half be reversion, according to the difference that turns to (the two is each other in a homophase or to inner rotary), the two-way counter-pressure that worm screw forms in promoting two drive or worm screw is drawn toward two from middle, or it is pushed away toward centre from two, because the rubbish power at two or thrust had not only equated but also dropped on same worm screw to be cancelled completely, it is no longer existed by there being the nothing of change, what Change sayed is exactly to have offset the on-stream axial force of worm screw, eliminate the trend being shifted before and after worm screw, and this point is the main deficiency of worm screw, thereby can save installation thrust bearing, realize thus the object of energy and labour saving.

As long as helical axis is made to combined type and is lengthened, interlude is transmission device, two is respectively each cylinder sleeve and helical blade and head and machine mouth, like this, a machine just becomes the operating efficiency of two, and need not strengthen power or strengthen seldom, its reason is the on-stream propelling movement of turning right of propelling movement of turning left, and the counter-pressure forming drops at one time on same built-up shaft and is cancelled by there being change nothing.The helical blade in running pushes raw material forward, the counter-pressure forming by helical blade toward pusher, because two equates and bear to be cancelled no longer by same to exist toward the power of pusher (equaling to push away toward centre) completely, be the energy-conservation very advantage that possessed thus.

By two of two snail thick stick that rotation direction is contrary each other and same main shaft consistent but helical blade that rotation direction is contrary and drive of main shaft interposition of installation dimension respectively, add that transverse horizontal is arranged in pairs, just can realize worm screw in running and its axial force of main shaft by there being change nothing, only have the radial load in rotation and reduce operating cost.

As long as cylinder sleeve and helical axis suitably lengthen and increase corresponding helical blade by technological requirement, and helical blade is disconnected to a place or two places, install and filter screen at gap simultaneously, helical blade in rotation impels raw material to surmount filtration screen, realize thus cutting apart raw material, mill and further stir, less sandstone is obtained fragmentation, thereby can save front road agitating procedure.

Integrated the above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is to be provided with that rear position clear band on its twinned each root main shaft of helical blade or two are provided with consistent size but the interposition of contrary its main shaft of helical blade of rotation direction is respectively installed with drive at single head, on the outer rim contour of drive, be equidistant several rollers, its top, the relative same side of each drive or worm screw is installed below, one of the helicla flute at worm screw two be left-handed one for dextrorotation respectively with each drive at least one roller fit wherein, be how many drives divide two halves respectively with the same each helicla flute fit in worm screw two, therefore the quantity of main shaft and drive is at least two, can be four at the most--eight or more, but must become two, there are in the ordinary course of things two main shafts and two drives just enough.

In order to offset axial force and to increase production efficiency, and it is three-in-one that every main shaft is made to combined type, and while selecting single-screw to extrude, two, left and right Fen Do of same combination spindle is each cylinder sleeve and helical blade and head and machine mouth; In order to add Strong to the stirring of raw material and to mill, install and filter screen single track or two pass at helical blade gap; For all rollers of its edge of the drive in turning round are more effectively accepted the thrust of worm spiral groove, and roller overcoat outer rim car is become to waist drum shape.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is summarized as follows:

The one, energy and labour saving.Any spiral squeezing machine is on-stream, the energy consuming is except frictional resistance, all there is radial load and axial force in various degree, radial load is the resistance in rotation, the resistance that axial force forms for pushing forward raw material, two-wayly extrude one and offset completely no longer and exist for a left-handed axial counter-pressure forming for dextrorotation drops on same axis, double end is that the worm screw of reverse acting spiral groove is each other all the more so; Because the roller of each drive surrounding is rotation, thereby reduce and spiral fluted frictional resistance He Geng Change durable in use convenience; Because double helix is extruded with its top rotation from outside to inside separately at one time of equal rotating speed, just like the acting principle of a twin rollers, draw from the top down by raw material, thereby can save holding pad, corresponding having saved drives the power of binder, and reduced maintenance capacity because designs simplification is corresponding.

The 2nd, simple in structure.As long as the roller number two spiral fluted pitch adjacent with worm screw (screw rod) two (distances of adjacent two grooves in front and back) on drive are set by technological requirement, the every fortune of worm screw circles or just passes a roller several weeks, thereby reach the object of deceleration, save thus reductor, can in cylinder sleeve, install additional if desired besides together or twice or more than twice filter screen, can replace thus stirring and the supporting accessory such as power and reductor of mixer in preceding working procedure.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that traditional method is its structure of biaxial rneader of the prior art and acting principle schematic;

Fig. 2 is that invention prototype is its structure of the extruder of twin-stage up and down with vacuum tank of the prior art and acting principle exploded view;

Fig. 3 is that every two group helical blades of the present invention and main shaft are arranged on two-way its internal structure and the acting principle fore-and-aft plane cross-sectional schematic extruded of in-line in same cylinder sleeve;

Fig. 4 is two drives and worm screw fit demonstration figure in place;

Fig. 5 filters its structure of screen and shape figure;

Fig. 6 is double helix extruder cylinder sleeve sectional drawing;

Fig. 7 is separately installed with consistent size respectively but the contrary each one group of helical blade of rotation direction and cylinder sleeve come directly towards each head and machine mouth is arranged its structure and acting principle profile schematic diagram with transverse horizontal in its main shaft two cylinder sleeve of two single-screw extruders;

Fig. 8 is that in same cylinder sleeve, its single head of double helix extruder is extruded the structure demonstration figure of Inner portion;

Fig. 9 is the each accessory combination of the single roller figure of expressing in place.

The specific embodiment

With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, left and right every two groups totally four groups of helical blades 11 be arranged on respectively the inside of its cylinder sleeve 12 of two of same main shaft 9 and same main shaft 10, front and back spiral gap is provided with and filters screen 13, two groups of bearings and bearing block 14 are arranged on respectively its left and right of space bit of main shaft interlude, corresponding left-handed drive 6 and the dextrorotation drive 7 of being provided with on twin shaft between two bearings, is provided with multiple rollers 8 with equidistant on the outer rim contour of drive.On worm screw 1, be provided with left-handed groove 5 and dextrorotation groove 4, the left and right of helical form groove is separately installed with bearing and bearing block 2 for supporting and location, and right-hand member top is sheathed with belt pulley 3 and engine belt pulley by the belt (not shown) that is connected.Its acting principle is: the roller ecto-entad of two the drive tops of the on-stream passing of worm screw that driven by power is shifted, last roller is before throwing off helicla flute, initial the entering of a rear roller, impelling thus two drives companies and main shaft 9 and 10 1, main shaft to be left-handed one is dextrorotation, in rotation, by the each one group of existing helical angle of helical blade in left and right, two (gradient), the raw material entering in cylinder sleeve 12 is constantly pushed ahead, and surmount head machine mouth (not shown), make it become compact base bar from loose.

With reference to Fig. 7, the interposition of main shaft 9 and main shaft 10 is separately installed with drive 6 and drive 7, two drives are by the helicla flute (not shown) transmission in the other direction each other of same worm screw two, impel thus the running in the other direction each other of two biography wheels, the interlude left and right of every main shaft is by each bearing and bearing block support and location, in running, worm screw is that initiatively two drives are helical blade 11 run-in synchronisms of passive drive main shaft even and in the each cylinder sleeve 12 in two, due to the same each one group of helical blade in main shaft two, rotation direction is contrary and rotation direction is errorless each other, thereby impelling raw material that two enters from open section cylinder sleeve 22 to surmount respectively seal section cylinder sleeve 23 and head 15 and machine mouth 16 to run in the opposite direction is known as and has definite shape and compact base bar (not shown) is constantly shifted by arrow direction.

With reference to Fig. 8, two main shaft 9 and 10 its back segment space bits are separately installed with drive 6 and 7, bearing and bearing block 14 supporting and the location for main shaft is installed outside the left and right sides of drive, the top of two drives 6 and 7 is by the reverse acting spiral groove transmission of worm screw (not shown) two, double joint main shaft leading portion is separately installed with each one group of helical blade 11 a small amount of size that superposes each other, be reverse rotation with main shaft each other, its acting principle is except can only be that single head is extruded, other are the same with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

With reference to Fig. 9, single roller is made up of bearing 17 and overcoat 18, and bearing is arranged on the top of little axle 19, and little axle lower end car has screw thread 21 for be arranged on its outer rim contour of drive disk by spiral shell No.

  

Claims (4)

1. an energy-saving symmetrical expression extruser, add that by main shaft and helical blade and cylinder sleeve head and machine mouth are formed by critical piece, it is characterized in that: after single head is provided with its twinned each root main shaft of helical blade, position clear band or two are provided with its twinned each root main shaft interposition of helical blade that consistent size rotation direction is contrary and are respectively installed with drive, on the outer rim contour of drive, be equidistant several rollers (8), its top, the relative same side of each drive or worm screw (1) is installed below, it is that dextrorotation passes and takes turns wherein at least one roller fit with each respectively that one of worm screw two helicla flute is left-handed one.

2. the energy-saving symmetrical expression extruser of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that main shaft is fabricated structure, and two of same main shaft is respectively each cylinder sleeve and helical blade and head and machine mouth.

3. the energy-saving symmetrical expression extruser of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that disconnecting and filtering screen (13) at helical blade.

4. the energy-saving symmetrical expression extruser of one as claimed in claim 1, the appearance surrounding that it is characterized in that roller (8) is waist drum shape.

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