[summary of the invention]
The object of the invention is to for deficiency of the prior art, a kind of preparation method, application and renovation process of polyaniline composite titanium dioxide adsorbent is provided.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The preparation method of polyaniline composite titanium dioxide adsorbent, comprises the following steps:
1) be (0.04~10) according to the volume ratio of titanium source and alcohol: 1, titanium source and alcohol are mixed with to the alcoholic solution of titaniferous, under agitation, by the alcoholic solution of titaniferous be added drop-wise to that pH value is 0.5~6.0, temperature is to be hydrolyzed in the salpeter solution of 0~100 DEG C, keeping the volume ratio of water in titanium source and salpeter solution is 1:(0.1~60), and stir at normal temperatures 3~24h, obtain transparent or translucent TiO 2 sol;
2) by the TiO 2 sol of gained and aniline monomer taking mol ratio as 1:(0.05~50) be mixed to get mixture, then be 1:(0.1~3 by the mol ratio of oxidant and aniline monomer) in mixture, add oxidant, at-20~80 DEG C, react 2~48h, finally to product after filtration, dry, obtain polyaniline composite nano titanium dioxide adsorbent.
The present invention further improves and is, in step 1), described titanium source is one or more in titanium tetrachloride, tetrabutyl titanate, isopropyl titanate or metatitanic acid methyl esters.
The present invention further improves and is, in step 1), described alcohol is one or more in normal propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, absolute ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, butanols or the tert-butyl alcohol.
The present invention further improves and is, step 2) in, oxidant is one or more in iron chloride, ammonium persulfate, potassium peroxydisulfate or potassium permanganate.
Another object of the present invention, the application of polyaniline composite titanium dioxide adsorbent aspect absorbing dye.
The present invention further improves and is, the dyestuff that polyaniline composite titanium dioxide adsorbent can adsorb comprises one or more in cationic dyes, anionic dyestuff or nonionic dye.
The present invention further improves and is, concrete technology step is: polyaniline composite titanium dioxide adsorbent is soaked to 1~120min with acid or alkali, then add in the waste water that contains dyestuff, the quantity of sorbent adding is 1/500~1/100 of waste water weight, adsorb at normal temperatures 30~90min, after absorption, adsorbent is separated with waste water from dyestuff.
Another object of the present invention, after the adsorbent after absorbing dye is separated, soaks 1~120min or soaks 1~120min with alkali and acid solution successively with bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry solution successively, realizes the regeneration of desorption and the adsorbent of dyestuff.
The present invention further improves and is, alkali used is one or more in NaOH, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, barium hydroxide or ammoniacal liquor; Acid used is one or more in nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, hydrofluoric acid or benzoic acid.
The present invention further improves and is, the concentration of alkali used is 0.01~15molL
-1, sour concentration used is 0.01~15molL
-1.
With respect to prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, to adopt organic or inorganic titanium source be raw material in the present invention, by the modification of polyaniline, prepares new composite adsorbent, and its raw material is easy to get, and technique is simple, with low cost;
2, in the adsorbent use procedure that prepared by the present invention, consumption is few, and time of equilibrium adsorption is short, and adsorption is high, dye wastewater treatment using with low cost;
3, the adsorbent reactivation that prepared by the present invention is very good, and regenerative process is very little on its absorption property impact, and the adsorbent after repeatedly regenerating still shows good absorption property, and is applicable to large-scale industrial production and use.
[detailed description of the invention]
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
One, the preparation of adsorbent
Raw material proportioning: Organic Alcohol: titanium source: acid solution=(0.4~10): 1: (0.1~60) (in volume ratio), aniline monomer: acid solution: oxidant=1: 0.02~20: 0.1~3(is with molar ratio computing)
The concrete technology prescription of TiO 2 sol is as shown in the table:
The concrete raw material proportioning of compound adsorbent is as shown in the table:
Processing step:
1) be (0.04~10) according to the volume ratio of titanium source and alcohol: 1, titanium source and alcohol are mixed with to the alcoholic solution of titaniferous, under agitation, by the alcoholic solution of titaniferous be added drop-wise to that pH value is 0.5~6.0, temperature is to be hydrolyzed in the salpeter solution of 0~100 DEG C, keeping the volume ratio of water in titanium source and salpeter solution is 1:(0.1~60), and stir at normal temperatures 3~24h, obtain transparent or translucent TiO 2 sol;
2) by the TiO 2 sol of gained and aniline monomer taking mol ratio as 1:(0.05~50) be mixed to get mixture, then be 1:(0.1~3 by the mol ratio of oxidant and aniline monomer) in mixture, add oxidant, at-20~80 DEG C, react 2~48h, finally to product after filtration, dry, obtain polyaniline composite nano titanium dioxide adsorbent.
Two, the adsorption capacity test of adsorbent to dyestuff
In adsorption test, the adsorbent preparing is placed in certain density dye solution by we, measures the adsorption rate of its absorbing dye and weigh the adsorption capacity of this adsorbent to anionic dye and the dye of positive ion.
Adsorbent: polyaniline/titanium dioxide compound adsorbent (processing with acid or alkali in advance).
Anionic dye: Acid Red G; The dye of positive ion: methylene blue.
Adsorption conditions: dye strength is 500mgL
-1, adsorption temp is room temperature; Ratio (adsorbent and dye liquor mass ratio) is 1:1000; Absorption 30~90min.
Test and operation: accurately take various dyestuff 0.500g, put into small beaker, adding distil water dissolves, and then moves in 1000mL volumetric flask, and it is stand-by that adding distil water is diluted to scale.
Install adsorbent equipment, two kinds of dyestuffs are each a set of.Accurately take the each 30mL of above-mentioned joined dye liquor with pipette and join in adsorbent equipment, toward the pretreated adsorbent that adds 30mg in anionic dye solution, after 45min, take out adsorbent, retain raffinate; Toward the pretreated adsorbent that adds 30mg in dye of positive ion solution, centrifugal recovery adsorbent after 90min, the centrifugal supernatant obtaining is measured absorbance.
Centrifugal clear liquid obtained above and blank dye solution (not adding the dye solution of adsorbent) are used respectively to its absorbance A of spectrophotometric determination (blank dye liquor is too dense, can suitably dilute)
Wherein A
1the absorbance of solution after the absorption of various dyestuffs adsorbent, A
0it is the absorbance that does not add the dye solution of adsorbent.
Three, adsorbent reactivation
1) absorption is had to the adsorbent of anionic dye, with concentration be 0.01~15molL
-1aqueous slkali soaking 1~120 minute, can get off anionic dye desorption from adsorbent; Use again 0.01~15molL
-1acid solution soaks 1~120min, can realize the regeneration of adsorbent.
2) absorption is had to the adsorbent of the dye of positive ion, with concentration be 0.01~15molL
-1acid solution soaks 1~120min, dye of positive ion desorption from adsorbent can be got off; Use again 0.01~15molL
-1aqueous slkali soaking 1~120min, can realize the regeneration of adsorbent.
Adsorbent after regeneration, then be used for adsorbing different dyestuffs, and measure its adsorption efficiency, then adopt soda acid processing to realize the regeneration of adsorbent; Adsorbent after regeneration is used for adsorbing different dyestuffs again, and realization recycles.
Embodiment 1:
1) get 20mL normal propyl alcohol and 20mL tetrabutyl titanate, be mixed with the alcoholic solution of tetrabutyl titanate, under vigorous stirring, by the alcoholic solution of tetrabutyl titanate be slowly added drop-wise to that pH is 1, temperature is to be hydrolyzed in the salpeter solution of 400mL of 100 DEG C, and stir 4h, can obtain transparent titanium dioxide colloidal sol;
2), at-10 DEG C, to the aniline monomer that adds 0.15mL in the colloidal sol of gained, mix and blend 0.5h, dropwise adds 20mL, 1molL
-1ammonium persulfate solution realize oxidation polymerization as oxidant, drip after-5 DEG C leave standstill reaction 20h more than, after filtration dry after can obtain cyan product, be polyaniline composite nano titanium dioxide sorbing material;
3), with the anionic dye Acid Red G in the adsorbent Adsorption solution preparing, be 500mgL to adding initial concentration in the brown bottle of lucifuge processing
-1acid Red G solution 30mL, the adsorbent dosage of acid treatment is in advance 60mg, magnetic agitation 45min is after stirring, centrifugal and measure the concentration of Acid Red G in supernatant, obtains adsorbent and can reach more than 90% the eliminating rate of absorption of the Acid Red G under this concentration;
4) adsorb the adsorbent of Acid Red G, first used 5molL
-1soaking with sodium hydroxide 10min, then use 1molL
-1hydrochloric acid solution soak 10min, realize the regeneration of adsorbent; Adsorbent after regeneration is again in order to remove the Acid Red G in solution, is 500mgL to adding initial concentration in the brown bottle of lucifuge processing
-1acid Red G solution 30mL, add the adsorbent (30mg) after regeneration, magnetic agitation 45min, after stirring, the concentration of Acid Red G in centrifugal mensuration filtrate, the adsorbent obtaining after regeneration can reach more than 90% the eliminating rate of absorption of the Acid Red G under this concentration, and after ten absorption regenerations, adsorbent still can reach more than 90% the adsorption rate of the Acid Red G under this concentration.
Embodiment 2:
1) get 20mL methyl alcohol and 20mL titanium tetrachloride, be mixed with the alcoholic solution of titanium tetrachloride, under vigorous stirring, by the alcoholic solution of titanium tetrachloride be slowly added drop-wise to that pH is 0.5, temperature is to be hydrolyzed in the salpeter solution of 400mL of 100 DEG C, and stir 4h, can obtain transparent titanium dioxide colloidal sol;
2), at-10 DEG C, to the aniline monomer that adds 0.15mL in the TiO 2 sol of gained, mix and blend 0.5h, dropwise adds 20mL, 1molL
-1potassium persulfate solution realize oxidation polymerization as oxidant, after dripping, at-5 DEG C leave standstill reaction 20h more than, after filtration dry after can obtain cyan product, be polyaniline composite nano titanium dioxide sorbing material;
3), with the anionic dye Acid Red G in the adsorbent Adsorption solution preparing, be 500mgL to adding initial concentration in the brown bottle of lucifuge processing
-1acid Red G solution 30mL, the adsorbent dosage of acid treatment is in advance 60mg, magnetic agitation 45min is after stirring, centrifugal and measure the concentration of Acid Red G in supernatant, obtains adsorbent and can reach more than 90% the eliminating rate of absorption of the Acid Red G under this concentration;
4) adsorb the adsorbent of Acid Red G, first used 5molL
-1soaking with sodium hydroxide 10min, then use 1molL
-1hydrochloric acid solution soak 10min, realize the regeneration of adsorbent; Adsorbent after regeneration is again in order to remove the Acid Red G in solution, is 500mgL to adding initial concentration in the brown bottle of lucifuge processing
-1acid Red G solution 30mL, add the adsorbent (30mg) after regeneration, magnetic agitation 45min, after stirring, the concentration of Acid Red G in centrifugal mensuration filtrate, the adsorbent obtaining after regeneration can reach more than 90% the eliminating rate of absorption of the Acid Red G under this concentration, and after ten absorption regenerations, adsorbent still can reach more than 90% the adsorption rate of the Acid Red G under this concentration.
Embodiment 3:
1) get 10mL metatitanic acid methyl esters and 20mL absolute ethyl alcohol, be mixed with the alcoholic solution of metatitanic acid methyl esters, under vigorous stirring, by the alcoholic solution of metatitanic acid methyl esters be slowly added drop-wise to that pH is 3, temperature is to be hydrolyzed in the salpeter solution of 100mL of 25 DEG C, and stir 5h, can obtain transparent titanium dioxide colloidal sol;
2), at 50 DEG C, to the aniline monomer that adds 30mL in the colloidal sol of gained, mix and blend 0.5h, dropwise adds 150mL, 1molL
-1ammonium persulfate solution realize oxidation polymerization as oxidant, after dripping, more than 50 DEG C of standing sustained response 20h, can obtain the product of black after dry after filtration, be polyaniline composite nano titanium dioxide sorbing material;
3) by the adsorbent preparing in order to remove the methylene blue in solution, be 500mgL to adding initial concentration in the brown bottle of lucifuge processing
-1methylene blue solution 30mL, the dosage of the adsorbent of alkali treatment is in advance 50mg, and magnetic agitation 90min, after stirring, the concentration of centrifugal mensuration supernatant Methylene Blue, obtains adsorbent and can reach more than 90% the eliminating rate of absorption of the methylene blue under this concentration;
4) adsorb the adsorbent of methylene blue, first used 1molL
-1nitric acid dousing 10min, then use 1molL
-1sodium hydroxide solution soak 10min, realize the regeneration of adsorbent; Adsorbent after regeneration is again in order to remove the methylene blue in solution, is 500mgL to adding initial concentration in the brown bottle of lucifuge processing
-1acid Red G solution 30mL, add the adsorbent (50mg) after regeneration, magnetic agitation 90min, after stirring, the concentration of centrifugal mensuration filtrate Methylene Blue, obtain adsorbent and can reach more than 90% the eliminating rate of absorption of the methylene blue under this concentration, after seven absorption regenerations, adsorbent still can reach more than 90% the adsorption rate of the methylene blue under this concentration.
Embodiment 4:
1) get 10mL titanium tetrachloride and the 20mL tert-butyl alcohol, be mixed with the alcoholic solution of titanium tetrachloride, under vigorous stirring, by the alcoholic solution of titanium tetrachloride be slowly added drop-wise to that pH is 3, temperature is to be hydrolyzed in the salpeter solution of 100mL of 25 DEG C, and stir 5h, can obtain transparent titanium dioxide colloidal sol;
2), at 50 DEG C, to the aniline monomer that adds 30mL in the colloidal sol of gained, mix and blend 0.5h, dropwise adds 150mL, 1molL
-1ammonium persulfate solution realize oxidation polymerization as oxidant, after dripping, more than 50 DEG C of standing sustained response 20h, can obtain the product of black after dry after filtration, be polyaniline composite nano titanium dioxide sorbing material;
3) by the adsorbent preparing in order to remove the methylene blue in solution.Be 500mgL to adding initial concentration in the brown bottle of lucifuge processing
-1methylene blue solution 30mL, the dosage of the adsorbent of alkali treatment is in advance 50mg, and magnetic agitation 90min, after stirring, the concentration of centrifugal mensuration supernatant Methylene Blue, obtains adsorbent and can reach more than 90% the eliminating rate of absorption of the methylene blue under this concentration;
4) adsorb the adsorbent of methylene blue, first used 1molL
-1nitric acid dousing 10min, then use 1molL
-1sodium hydroxide solution soak 10min, realize the regeneration of adsorbent; Adsorbent after regeneration is again in order to remove the methylene blue in solution, is 500mgL to adding initial concentration in the brown bottle of lucifuge processing
-1acid Red G solution 30mL, add the adsorbent (50mg) after regeneration, magnetic agitation 90min, after stirring, the concentration of centrifugal mensuration filtrate Methylene Blue, obtain adsorbent and can reach more than 90% the eliminating rate of absorption of the methylene blue under this concentration, after seven absorption regenerations, adsorbent still can reach more than 90% the adsorption rate of the methylene blue under this concentration.
The regenerability of adsorbent is as shown in the table:
In sum, the present invention replaces its photocatalysis performance by the adsorption capacity of research polyaniline/titanium dioxide composite, makes suction-operated become the Main Function power of removing dyes.The absorption property of this adsorbent is suitable, even better with the absorption property of at present conventional activated carbon of sorbent.Polyaniline composite titanium dioxide performance of the adsorbent prepared by the present invention is stable, nontoxic, easy to use, adding less, elapsed time is short, can effectively adsorb the various dyestuffs in the waste water from dyestuff of high concentration, easily regenerate and can repeatedly recycle, adsorbent after regeneration still has very strong absorption property, can obviously reduce the cost of dye wastewater treatment using.Sorbent material wide material sources prepared by the present invention, cost of material is low, and preparation technology is simple, under atmospheric low-temperature, prepares, safe and reliable, has higher economic results in society.