CN103852111A - Intelligent tunnel monitoring and alarm system based on optical fiber sensing network - Google Patents
Intelligent tunnel monitoring and alarm system based on optical fiber sensing network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent tunnel monitoring and alarm system based on optical fiber sensing network. The intelligent tunnel monitoring and alarm system comprises an optical transmitter and receiver (1), sensing networking nodes (7) based on the optical fiber sensing network (10), a video monitor (2), broadcast loudspeakers (3), emergency telephones (4), information boards (5) and an optical cable (6) used for signal transmission. Monitored data in the optical cable sensing network (10) pass through the optical cable (6) and have an access to a monitoring center through the optical transmitter and receiver (1), and each sensing network node (7) comprises a fiber bragg grating (FBG) sensor, optical fibers, a camera, a voice broadcasting system, an optical fire inductive sensor and a forcing switch. The real-time monitored data are fused into the monitoring center through the optical fiber sensing network, and an alarm signal is automatically transmitted after the data are assessed and analyzed through the monitoring center; meanwhile, the forcing switches are automatically started to achieve safe control. Tunnel monitoring can be performed in some dangerous environments; the intelligent tunnel monitoring and alarm system has a good technical transformation basis and wide social benefits and economical benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring of a kind of tunnel and warning system, is the system integration technology of a kind of intelligent tunnel monitoring and warning.
Background technology
Along with the sustainable growth of China's economic total volume, China has carried out large-scale Transportation Infrastructure Construction, and the construction of great traffic engineering is in the ascendant, and will still keep in future rapid growth.In Transportation Infrastructure Construction process, increasing Tunnel Engineering is as railway tunnel, vcehicular tunnel, and seabed tunnels etc. put into operation, have greatly improved the traffic in city and outskirts region.
Because tunnel is built in geologic structure, there is more geological factors affecting, tunnel harm is just difficult to avoid.In tunnel use procedure, tunnel is subject to complex surrounding rock geologic body distortion squeezing action, the stratum Cyclic Load along inhomogeneous effect, Korrosionsmedium effect and the vehicle in use of tunnel mechanics condition, can make tunnel lining structure produce crack and corrosion, if destroyed the water system balance of original country rock body, may cause tunnel water damage; Cause outside air pollution, hole in atmosphere the problem such as luminance difference great disparity and fire inside and outside the impact of fog, hole by tunnel long and narrow space, all can affect the use safety in tunnel, destroy the structural health in tunnel.Wherein the most serious harm is fire failure, it not only serious threat to people's safety of life and property, and means of transportation, the mankind's activity in production is caused to huge damage.Meanwhile, because tunnel is mainly made up of concrete, the topmost shortcoming of concrete is that resistance to tension is poor, easily cracking.A large amount of engineering practice and theoretical analysises show, nearly all concrete component is all work with crackings, and just some crack is very thin, and naked eyes be cannot see (< 0.05mm), general to the use of structure without large harm, can allow its existence.But some crack is under the effect of working load or extraneous physics, chemical factor sometimes; constantly produce and expansion; cause that concrete carbonization, protective seam peel off, reinforcement corrosion; concrete strength and stiffness are weakened; permanance reduces; when serious, even there is collapse accident, the normal use in harm tunnel.Therefore, the structural health safety case in tunnel is directly connected to national wealth and people's life safety, need to carry out Real-time security monitoring and early warning to tunnel structure.
Because optical fiber has perception and transmission dual-use function, and pliable and tough flexible, quality is light, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, transmission frequency bandwidth and good can imbedibility etc. feature, make that optical fiber sensing technology has advantages of that precision is high, good endurance, registration, can enter distribution measuring on a large scale.Can carry out the detection of the physical quantitys such as high precision, large-scale temperature, strain, refractive index, displacement, bending curvature with the Sensor Network structure of Fibre Optical Sensor composition.The advantage that optical fiber sensor network itself possesses becomes the desirable means of fabric structure health monitoring, the particularly monitoring to city underground engineering, has broken through some defects of existing in original electric transducer observation process (perishable, electromagnetic interference (EMI) is serious) especially.Some distinct advantages that the present invention possesses based on optical fiber sensor network just, set up a set of city tunnel monitoring and warning system, to avoid causing a large amount of personnel and economic loss.
At present, mostly the tunnel monitoring system proposing is both at home and abroad to adopt single system to realize monitoring.If application number is in the invention of 201210453288.9 " the cable tunnel multimode on-line monitoring systems based on optical fiber grating sensing ", a kind of cable tunnel Monitoring and prevention system of utilizing fiber-optic grating sensor is proposed, this system mainly realizes the detection of the physical quantitys such as strain, temperature, liquid level, just in little spatial dimension, apply Sensor Network system, and this system does not have special reply and warning function for fire.The patent No. is in the invention of 201010595164.5 " method of using distributed optical fibers for advanced monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock deformations ", proposition utilizes distributing optical fiber sensing net to monitor tunnel surrounding two-dimension displacement, but the method is used BOTDR Brillouin Time Domain Reflectometry, method realizes monitoring, can only monitor the country rock deformation in tunnel, cannot implement monitoring for harm such as the crackle on tunnel, temperature, fire, the scope of monitoring and degree have certain defect.In the utility model patent of the patent No. 201020634309.3 " a kind of very-long-range 100km fully distributed fiber Rayleigh and Raman scattering sensor ", the monitoring that another kind of distributed monitoring method realizes tunnel is proposed, adopt the mode of fiber Rayleigh and Raman scattering to measure strain and the temperature physical quantity in tunnel, also have scope and the limited defect of degree of monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of based on optical fiber sensor network the harm such as the geologic hazard to tunnel, fire, crackle, dense fog Real-Time Monitoring, and dangerous situation is sent to warning in advance, so that effectively the generation of disaster prevention, is the application of optical fiber sensing technology in city underground engineering disaster prevention.
A kind of monitoring of the intelligent tunnel based on optical fiber sensor network and warning system that the present invention proposes, this system comprises optical transmitter and receiver 1, each sensing net node 7, video monitor 2, loudspeaker 3, crisis phone only 4,5 advices plates based on optical fiber sensor network 10 and the optical cable 6 transmitting for signal; In described optical fiber sensor network 10, the data of monitoring, by optical cable 6, are linked into Surveillance center through optical transmitter and receiver 1, wherein:
Described each sensing net node 7 all comprises fiber-optic grating sensor FBG, optical fiber, camera, sound broadcast system and optics fire induction pick-up, force switch; By described optical fiber sensor network, Real-time Monitoring Data is merged and is linked into Surveillance center, after Surveillance center's analysis and assessment, automatically send alerting signal; Automatically start force switch simultaneously and realize security control;
Described optical fiber sensor network embeds in tunnel 21, it at least comprises the FBG Sensor Network that relevant Sensor Network that polarization maintaining optical fibre 25 forms, OTDR network that single-mode fiber 30 forms and fiber-optic grating sensor 24 form, and the video monitoring net 28 that camera forms and optics fire induction pick-up form and intersect fire monitoring net; The signal that the relevant Sensor Network that polarization maintaining optical fibre 25 forms gathers, after polarization maintaining optical fibre 25, is received by coherent demodulation instrument 26, obtains the distribution of the compressive stress figure of tunnel structure; The signal of the OTDR network collection that single-mode fiber 30 forms, after single-mode fiber 30 and coupling mechanism 19, is received by OTDR instrument 29, for monitoring the situation of change of tunnel internal fissure; The light signal that the FBG Sensor Network that the fiber-optic grating sensor 24 being connected by optical fiber 23 forms obtains is via coupling mechanism 20, the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator being made up of microprocessor 12, detector 13, function generator 14, tunable optic filter 15 receives, for monitoring the distribution situation of tunnel deformation, seepage, temperature, fire;
The light signal that semiconductor optical amplifier 17 sends enters the optical fiber sensor network in tunnel 21 through isolator 18 and coupling mechanism 19, as the light input signal of optical fiber sensor network.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the harm such as native system can be comprehensively, the geologic hazard in Real-Time Monitoring tunnel, fire, dense fog, seepage, and give warning in advance for the disaster that will occur, reduce and produce the economic loss of flood tide, personnel's injures and deaths; Meanwhile, if tunnel generation disaster can give first aid to, to reduce economic loss and the casualties of generation.Core of the present invention incorporates multinomial optical technology, can in some dangerous environment, carry out tunnel monitoring.The present invention not only can be applied in tunnel, can also be applied in bridge, dykes and dams, underground works, some advanced optical technologies that particularly use are implemented monitoring, and this technology has good advantage and technical transform basis, has Social benefit and economic benefit widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is intelligent tunnel monitoring of the present invention and warning system structured flowchart;
1, optical transmitter and receiver 2, video monitor 3, loudspeaker 4, crisis phone only 5, advices plate 6, optical cable 7, sensing net node 8, camera 9, force switch 10 optical fiber sensor networks
Fig. 2 is the optical fiber sensor network structural drawing the present invention is based on.
11, catoptron 12, microprocessor 13, detector 14, function generator, 15, tunable optic filter, 16, pulse producer, 17, semiconductor optical amplifier, 18, isolator, 19, coupling mechanism, 20, coupling mechanism 21, tunnel 22, joint 23, optical fiber 24, fiber-optic grating sensor 25, polarization maintaining optical fibre 26, coherent demodulation instrument 27, optics fire inductive probe 28 video monitoring nets 29, OTDR instrument 30, single-mode fiber
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
In tunnel, form whole monitoring and warning system by each sensing net node, video monitor, crisis phone only, advices plate, optical cable based on optical fiber sensor network.Wherein in the each sensing net node based on optical fiber sensor network, comprise fiber-optic grating sensor (FBG), optical fiber, camera, sound broadcast system and optics fire induction pick-up, force switch.Optical fiber sensing network merges Real-time Monitoring Data to be linked into Surveillance center, after Surveillance center's analysis and assessment, reports to the police as needed, and, within the very first time, alerting signal is sent to the relevant emergent unit such as road administration, traffic police, tunnel fire-fighting, medical matters rescue automatically; Utilize force switch measure simultaneously, automatically start tunnel smoke evacuation, No entry advices plate, open emergency safety door etc.; Broadcast to the vehicle that is about to enter tunnel and notify and ask driver to rescue in advance by tunnel portal simultaneously, abdicate an emergency relief track etc. emergency measure by the advices plate notice vehicle that starts the section of driving in the wrong direction.At the shortest time inner tissue's notice command scheduling platform, by crisis phone only, the broadcast in tunnel, and video information, the trapped personnel in commander tunnel is withdrawn to safe location by the safety door between hole, and relevant follow-up rescue measure.
The harm such as shown in Figure 2, for optical fiber sensor network, being made up of the sub-network of three levels, is respectively the ground floor subnet being made up of the ring-like FBG sensor of star, crack, distortion, seepage and the fire of realization to tunnel are monitored; Form second layer subnet by the fine detection technique of distributed low-coherent light, Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, for the monitoring of tunnel crackle, distortion; Form the 3rd straton net by the single-mode fiber based on OTDR technology, camera and optics fire inductive probe, can realize the monitoring of the harm such as tunnel foundation distortion, tunnel subsidence, dense fog and fire.
As shown in Figure 1,7 of each sensing net nodes based on optical fiber sensor network 10 Monitoring Data is linked into Surveillance center by optical cable 6 and through optical transmitter and receiver 1.Surveillance center is after certain algorithmic decision, send alerting signal, be transferred to the relevant emergent unit such as road administration, traffic police, tunnel fire-fighting, medical matters rescue, and utilize force switch 9, automatically start tunnel smoke evacuation, the advices plate 5 of opening that No entry, open emergency safety door etc., by loudspeaker 3, to alarm driver and the request rescue of sailing tunnel into.Within the shortest time, notice command scheduling platform, commands the trapped personnel in tunnel to withdraw to safe location by the safety door between hole by crisis phone only 4, camera 8 and loudspeaker 3, and completes follow-up rescue measure.
As shown in Figure 2, in the structure of optical fiber sensor network: the light signal that semiconductor optical amplifier 17 sends enters in the optical fiber sensor network being embedded in tunnel 21 through isolator 18 and coupling mechanism 19, in optical fiber sensor network, be provided with the FBG Sensor Network that the relevant Sensor Network that is made up of polarization maintaining optical fibre 25, OTDR network that single-mode fiber 30 forms and fiber-optic grating sensor 24 form, the video monitoring net 28 that camera forms and optics fire inductive probe 27 form and intersect fire monitoring nets.The signal that the relevant Sensor Network that polarization maintaining optical fibre 25 forms gathers, after polarization maintaining optical fibre 25, is received by coherent demodulation instrument 26, obtains the distribution of the compressive stress figure of tunnel structure.The signal of the OTDR network collection that single-mode fiber 30 forms, after single-mode fiber 30 and coupling mechanism 19, is received by OTDR instrument 29, can monitor the situation of change of tunnel internal fissure.The light signal that the FBG Sensor Network that fiber-optic grating sensor 24 forms obtains is via coupling mechanism 20, by microprocessor 12, detector 13, function generator 14, the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator that tunable optic filter 15 forms receives, and can monitor the distribution situation of tunnel deformation, seepage, temperature, fire.Because fire is to endanger maximum a kind of situation in tunnel, so for this problem, adopt the catastrophe of cooperative programs Fire Monitoring, be respectively optical fiber grating sensing net and optics fire inductive probe 27, to the timely early warning of fire and the rescue that occur.Optics fire inductive probe 27 form intersect signal that fire monitoring nets collect also by Optical Fiber Transmission to Surveillance center, by with FBG data fusion after, carry out early warning.The video monitoring net that camera 18 forms, by the monitoring mainly completing tunnel internal situation, is monitored the situation that tunnel fog produces, after endangering, and the rescue to staff in tunnel and goods and materials in time.
According to monitored situation possible in practical application, the optical fiber sensor network that the present invention mentions also comprises other forms of Fibre Optical Sensor, as macrocyclic fiber bragg grating device.Light source also can utilize the light sources such as SLD light source, ASE light source, quantum dot light source, in order to monitor better the disasters such as tunnel internal strain, temperature, compressive stress, seepage, fire, can in tunnel, arrange distributed Raman fiber Sensor Network and distributed Brillouin fiber optic Sensor Network.Tunable optic filter 15 can form F-P wave filter by other devices, MZI wave filter, fiber Bragg grating type wave filter, micro-ring cavity formula wave filter etc.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; rather than restrictive, those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention, in the situation that not departing from aim of the present invention; can also make a lot of distortion, within these all belong to protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the intelligent tunnel based on optical fiber sensor network is monitored and warning system, it is characterized in that, this system comprises optical transmitter and receiver (1), each sensing net node (7) based on optical fiber sensor network (10), video monitor (2), loudspeaker (3), crisis phone only (4), advices plate (5), optical cable (6) and Surveillance center for signal transmission; In described optical fiber sensor network (10), the data of monitoring are by optical cable (6), through optical transmitter and receiver (1) access Surveillance center, wherein:
Described each sensing net node (7) all comprises fiber-optic grating sensor FBG, optical fiber, camera, sound broadcast system and optics fire induction pick-up, force switch; By described optical fiber sensor network, Real-time Monitoring Data is merged and is linked into Surveillance center, after Surveillance center's analysis and assessment, automatically send alerting signal; Automatically start force switch simultaneously and realize security control;
Described optical fiber sensor network embeds in tunnel (21), it at least comprises the relevant Sensor Network of polarization maintaining optical fibre (25) formation, the OTDR network of single-mode fiber (30) formation and the FBG Sensor Network that fiber-optic grating sensor (24) forms, and the video monitoring net (28) that camera forms and optics fire induction pick-up form intersection fire monitoring net; The signal that the relevant Sensor Network that polarization maintaining optical fibre (25) forms gathers, after polarization maintaining optical fibre (25), is received by coherent demodulation instrument (26), obtains the distribution of the compressive stress figure of tunnel structure; The signal of the OTDR network collection that single-mode fiber (30) forms, after single-mode fiber (30) and coupling mechanism (19), is received by OTDR instrument (29), for monitoring the situation of change of tunnel internal fissure; The light signal that the FBG Sensor Network that the fiber-optic grating sensor (24) being connected by optical fiber (23) forms obtains is via coupling mechanism (20), the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator being made up of microprocessor (12), detector (13), function generator (14), tunable optic filter (15) receives, for monitoring the distribution situation of tunnel deformation, seepage, temperature, fire;
The light signal that semiconductor optical amplifier (17) sends enters the optical fiber sensor network in tunnel (21) through isolator (18) and coupling mechanism (19), as the light input signal of optical fiber sensor network.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN104089658A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-08 | 苏州蓝萃电子科技有限公司 | Civil engineering building monitoring system |
| CN104965476A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-10-07 | 四川安普光控科技有限公司 | Photoelectric composite tunnel integrated monitoring system |
| CN106231271A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 成都四为电子信息股份有限公司 | A kind of broadcast system of constructing tunnel |
| CN106934979A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-07 | 合肥才来科技有限公司 | Subway tunnel safety pre-warning system |
| CN107340242A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-10 | 安徽庆宇光电科技有限公司 | Optical-fiber type tunnel space environment soot gas monitor optical system |
| CN110425007A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-08 | 宿州市金鼎安全技术股份有限公司 | A kind of coal mine natural fire monitoring device based on fiber-optic grating sensor |
| CN110455210A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-15 | 中国铁路总公司 | A kind of high-speed rail tunnel-type position sensing method based on imbedded fiber |
| CN110992619A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 郑州祥和集团有限公司 | Electric power tunnel anti-intrusion device and detection method thereof |
| CN113701706A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-26 | 南京大学（苏州）高新技术研究院 | Tunnel deformation monitoring optical fiber testing method and system |
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| CN104089658A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-08 | 苏州蓝萃电子科技有限公司 | Civil engineering building monitoring system |
| CN104965476A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-10-07 | 四川安普光控科技有限公司 | Photoelectric composite tunnel integrated monitoring system |
| CN106231271A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 成都四为电子信息股份有限公司 | A kind of broadcast system of constructing tunnel |
| CN106934979A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-07 | 合肥才来科技有限公司 | Subway tunnel safety pre-warning system |
| CN107340242A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-10 | 安徽庆宇光电科技有限公司 | Optical-fiber type tunnel space environment soot gas monitor optical system |
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| CN110425007A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-08 | 宿州市金鼎安全技术股份有限公司 | A kind of coal mine natural fire monitoring device based on fiber-optic grating sensor |
| CN110455210A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-15 | 中国铁路总公司 | A kind of high-speed rail tunnel-type position sensing method based on imbedded fiber |
| CN110992619A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 郑州祥和集团有限公司 | Electric power tunnel anti-intrusion device and detection method thereof |
| CN113701706A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-26 | 南京大学（苏州）高新技术研究院 | Tunnel deformation monitoring optical fiber testing method and system |
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Application publication date: 20140611 |