CN103850671A - Well distributing method for pumping and draining coal bed gas on ground - Google Patents
Well distributing method for pumping and draining coal bed gas on ground Download PDFInfo
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- CN103850671A CN103850671A CN201310408921.7A CN201310408921A CN103850671A CN 103850671 A CN103850671 A CN 103850671A CN 201310408921 A CN201310408921 A CN 201310408921A CN 103850671 A CN103850671 A CN 103850671A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a well distributing method for pumping and draining coal bed gas on the ground and belongs to the field of development of the coal bed gas. On the basis of the theory of one potential energy and three fields, the gravitational potential energy of water in the coal bed is utilized, and according to the distribution characteristics of a gravity field, a ground stress field and a pressure field in the coal bed and by combination with the occurrence of coal reservoirs and the characteristics of the drilling process of a multi-branch horizontal well, a U-shaped horizontal well and a vertical well (cluster well), different well types are selected for well distributing for pumping and draining the coal bed gas on the ground. The well distributing method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the effect of optimized configuration of the well types in well distributing for pumping and draining the coal bed gas on the ground with the geologic structure condition and the characteristics of the coal-bed-gas drainage and production is effectively realized, the unique energy 'gravitational potential energy' of water in the coal bed in the drainage process is fully utilized, the well is built according to the potential energy, the well types of pumping and draining wells on the ground are reasonably distributed according to the distribution characteristics of the gravity field, the ground stress field and the pressure field and by combination with the structure conditions of different coal reservoirs, so that the water-draining and pressure-reducing efficiency is effectively improved and the benefit to improving the development effect of the coal bed gas is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The well spacing method that the present invention relates to a kind of ground pump drainage coal bed gas, belongs to coal-bed gas exploitation field.
Background technology
The reasonability that well location is disposed and well type is selected is directly determining the effect of CBM Drilling cost and development.Coal bed gas is a kind of adsorbed gas, belongs to unconventional natural gas.In mining process, there is no natural energy and the artificial supplementation energy such as the flexible drive, solution gas driving, hydraulic drives, air pressure driving of conventional gas in hiding, the unique energy that impels coal bed gas desorb is after the water in coal seam reservoirs is discharged under self gravitation effect, coal seam reservoirs pressure decreased, and the coal seam desorption producing.So-called coal seam desorption refers in the time of coal seam reservoirs pressure decreased, the process that methane adsorbed gas is overflowed from coal seam.The desorption in coal seam mainly contains depressurization desorption, intensification desorb, displacement desorption and diffusion desorb.Wherein, depressurization desorption is the most frequently used method, is also a kind of desorb to be contributed to maximum mode.Depressurization desorption is in the time of coal seam reservoirs pressure decreased, the process that methane adsorbed gas is overflowed from coal seam, and the main path of coal seam reservoirs pressure decreased is exactly drainage and step-down.
At present, the main well type of ground pump drainage coal bed gas comprises straight well (cluster well), U-shaped horizontal well, multi-branched horizontal well.When well spacing, still continued to use the balanced well pattern in conventional gas and oil exploitation, the many factors such as target coal seam thickness, stability, buried depth, gas-bearing property, regional structure, orographic condition and surface state are considered, by the water in pump drainage coal seam reservoirs, to reduce coal seam reservoirs pressure, the coal bed gas generation desorb-diffusion-seepage flow adsorbing in coal seam reservoirs, and produce from the pump-drainage well of ground.But in well spacing process, lack the making full use of of the unique natural energy " gravitional force " in coal seam water discharge process and gravitational field, stress field, pressure field, well type and geological conditions, coal seam reservoirs physical property and coal bed gas extraction feature can not reach distributes rationally.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the well spacing method of a kind of ground pump drainage coal bed gas, in order to solve in the pump drainage coal bed gas process of ground, the optimization allocation of well type and geological tectonic conditions, coal bed gas extraction feature, make full use of water in the coal seam unique natural energy " gravitional force " in discharge process, according to " gesture " shaft building, according to the distribution characteristics of gravitational field, stress field, pressure field, in conjunction with the drilling technology feature of attitude of coal and multi-branched horizontal well, U-shaped horizontal well, straight well (cluster well), the different well types of choose reasonable, improve development effectiveness.
The object of the invention is to realize by following proposal: the well spacing method of a kind of ground pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: based on " three of gesture " theory, utilize " gravitional force " of water in coal seam, according to the gravitational field in coal seam (being conducive to the discharge of coal seam water), stress field (the hugger in coal seam, fractuer direction depends on ancient stress direction), the distribution characteristics of pressure field (artificial pump drainage produces pressure funnel), in conjunction with coal seam reservoirs occurrence and multi-branched horizontal well, U-shaped horizontal well, the drilling technology feature of straight well (cluster well), select different well types, carry out the well spacing of ground pump drainage coal bed gas.
The well spacing method of described a kind of ground pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: before a development block well spacing, should be first according to seismic data, drilling data carries out coal seam's structural feature, geostatic stress and coal seam physical property research, in coal seam large, the irregular or geostatic stress of fluctuations relatively concentrate, crack and the area that hugger is grown, solid coefficient is less, preferentially select the exploitations of straight well or cluster well.
The well spacing method of described a kind of ground pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: a little less than geostatic stress, area that coal seam solid coefficient is larger, utilize " gravitional force " of water in coal seam, according to the distribution characteristics of gravitational field, stress field, pressure field in coal seam, select multi-branched horizontal well or the exploitation of U-shaped well.
The well spacing method of described a kind of ground pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: a little less than geostatic stress, area that coal seam solid coefficient is larger, the both sides of the monocline coal seam for stratigraphic dip between 2 °-8 ° and the stratigraphic dip fold structure turn end between 2-8 °, select multi-branched horizontal well exploitation, mining straight well is positioned at low position, and horizontal well master props up with branch and arranges along coal seam updip direction.
The well spacing method of described a kind of ground pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: a little less than geostatic stress, area that coal seam solid coefficient is larger, the steeper reservoir that is greater than 8 ° for stratigraphic dip, preferentially select U-shaped well exploitation, process well (horizontal well) is positioned at high-order bit, from high to low, is communicated with the mining well in lower position, facilitate horizontal well construction, be conducive to again the drainage and step-down of mining straight well.
The well spacing method of described a kind of ground pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: a little less than geostatic stress, area that coal seam solid coefficient is larger, the mild stratum that is less than 2 ° for acline, inclination angle, select multi-branched horizontal well exploitation, mining straight well is positioned at low position, the landing point of horizontal well is in seat earth mud stone, according to seam inclination situation of change, determine the horizontal well landing point degree of depth, to guarantee that horizontal well master props up hole angle and keeps being greater than all the time 90 ° as principle, the branch of horizontal well enters coal seam with 90 ° of above hole angles.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention efficiently solves the optimization allocation of well type and geological tectonic conditions in the pump drainage coal bed gas well spacing of ground, coal bed gas extraction feature, make full use of water unique energy " gravitional force " in discharge process in coal seam, according to " gesture " shaft building, according to the distribution characteristics of gravitational field, stress field, pressure field, in conjunction with different coal structural environment, reasonable Arrangement ground pump-drainage well well type, has effectively increased drainage and step-down efficiency, is conducive to improve cbm development effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that carries out ground pump drainage coal bed gas well spacing according to coal structure;
Fig. 2 is applicable to the multi-branched horizontal well schematic diagram that acline or seam inclination are less than the mild stratum of 2 °.
In figure: 1. the turn end of fold structure; 2. multi-branched horizontal well; 3. the steeper coal seam that stratigraphic dip is greater than 8 °; 4.U type well; 5. the monocline coal seam of stratigraphic dip between 2 °-8 °; 6. the mild stratum that acline or inclination angle are less than 2 °; 7. multi-branched horizontal well; 8. large, the irregular area of coal seam fluctuations; 9. straight well (or cluster well); 10. mining straight well; 11. coal petrographys; 12. horizontal well masters prop up; 13. seat earth mud stone; 14. horizontal well landing points.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, just the present invention is described further.Fig. 1 can be used as the present embodiment carries out the schematic diagram of ground pump drainage coal bed gas well spacing according to coal structure, Fig. 2 can be used as the present embodiment and is applicable to the multi-branched horizontal well schematic diagram that acline or seam inclination are less than the mild stratum of 2 °.
According to seismic data, drilling data analysis, certain cbm development block structural configuration as shown in Figure 1, (1) be the fold structure turn end of stratigraphic dip between 2-8 °, (3) the monocline coal seam that is greater than 8 ° for stratigraphic dip, (5) be the monocline coal seam of stratigraphic dip between 2-8 °, (6) the monocline coal seam that is less than 2 ° for stratigraphic dip, (8) are large, the irregular area of coal seam fluctuations.
Based on " three of gesture " theory, utilize " gravitional force " of water in coal seam, according to the distribution characteristics of the gravitational field in coal seam (being conducive to the discharge of coal seam water), stress field (hugger in coal seam, fractuer direction depend on ancient stress direction), pressure field (artificial pump drainage produces pressure funnel), in conjunction with the drilling technology feature of coal seam reservoirs occurrence and multi-branched horizontal well, U-shaped horizontal well, straight well (cluster well), select different well types, carry out the well spacing of ground pump drainage coal bed gas.
Base area stress and coal seam physical property achievement in research, if this development block geostatic stress is concentrated relatively, crack and hugger are grown, coal seam solid coefficient is less than 1.0, preferentially select straight well (or cluster well) exploitation.If this development block geostatic stress is weak, coal seam solid coefficient is more than or equal to 1.0, for making full use of " gravitional force " of water in coal seam, according to the distribution characteristics of gravitational field, stress field, pressure field in coal seam, select multi-branched horizontal well or the exploitation of U-shaped well.Concrete well spacing method is as follows:
First, the both sides of the monocline coal seam (5) at stratigraphic dip between 2 °-8 ° and the stratigraphic dip fold structure turn end (1) between 2-8 °, select multi-branched horizontal well (2) exploitation; For being conducive to drainage and step-down, mining straight well is positioned at low position, and horizontal well master props up with branch and arranges along coal seam updip direction.
Secondly, the steeper coal seam (3) that is greater than 8 ° for stratigraphic dip, preferentially selects U-shaped well (4) exploitation; For being conducive to drainage and step-down, process well (horizontal well) is positioned at high-order bit, from high to low, is communicated with the mining well in lower position, has facilitated horizontal well construction, is conducive to again the drainage and step-down of mining straight well.
Then, the mild stratum (6) that is less than 2 ° for acline or inclination angle, selects multi-branched horizontal well (7) exploitation.The profile morphology of multi-branched horizontal well (7) as shown in Figure 2, mining straight well (10) is positioned at low position, coal seam, the landing point of multi-branched horizontal well (7) is in seat earth mud stone (13), according to the change of pitch angle situation of coal seam (11), determine horizontal well landing point (14) degree of depth, guarantee that the hole angle that horizontal well master props up (12) keeps being greater than all the time 90 °, the branch of horizontal well enters coal seam (11) with 91 ° of above hole angles.
Finally, for large, the irregular area of coal seam fluctuations (8), select straight well (or cluster well) (9) exploitation.
Claims (6)
1. the well spacing method of a ground pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: based on " three of gesture " theory, utilize " gravitional force " of water in coal seam, according to the distribution characteristics of the gravitational field in coal seam, stress field, pressure field, in conjunction with the drilling technology feature of coal seam reservoirs occurrence and multi-branched horizontal well, U-shaped horizontal well, straight well, select different well types, carry out the well spacing of ground pump drainage coal bed gas.
2. the well spacing method of a kind of ground according to claim 1 pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: before a development block well spacing, should be first according to seismic data, drilling data carries out coal seam's structural feature, geostatic stress and coal seam physical property research, in coal seam large, the irregular or geostatic stress of fluctuations relatively concentrate, crack and the area that hugger is grown, solid coefficient is less, preferentially select the exploitations of straight well or cluster well.
3. the well spacing method of a kind of ground according to claim 1 pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: a little less than geostatic stress, area that coal seam solid coefficient is larger, utilize " gravitional force " of water in coal seam, according to the distribution characteristics of gravitational field, stress field, pressure field in coal seam, select multi-branched horizontal well or the exploitation of U-shaped well.
4. the well spacing method of a kind of ground according to claim 1 pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: a little less than geostatic stress, area that coal seam solid coefficient is larger, the both sides of the monocline coal seam for stratigraphic dip between 2 °-8 ° and the stratigraphic dip fold structure turn end between 2-8 °, select multi-branched horizontal well exploitation, mining straight well is positioned at low position, and horizontal well master props up with branch and arranges along coal seam updip direction.
5. the well spacing method of a kind of ground according to claim 1 pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: a little less than geostatic stress, area that coal seam solid coefficient is larger, the steeper reservoir that is greater than 8 ° for stratigraphic dip, preferentially select U-shaped well exploitation, process well is positioned at high-order bit, from high to low, is communicated with the mining well in lower position, facilitate horizontal well construction, be conducive to again the drainage and step-down of mining straight well.
6. the well spacing method of a kind of ground according to claim 1 pump drainage coal bed gas, it is characterized in that: a little less than geostatic stress, area that coal seam solid coefficient is larger, the mild stratum that is less than 2 ° for acline, inclination angle, select multi-branched horizontal well exploitation, mining straight well is positioned at low position, the landing point of horizontal well is in seat earth mud stone, according to the situation of change of seam inclination, determine the horizontal well landing point degree of depth, to guarantee that horizontal well master props up hole angle and keeps being greater than all the time 90 ° as principle, horizontal well branch enters coal seam with more than 90 ° hole angle.
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| CN107237627A (en) * | 2017-05-20 | 2017-10-10 | 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 | A kind of well spacing method for karst carbonate reservoir |
| CN107339093A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-10 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of drilling well for gas drainage method for arranging of imitative schneider zelkova leaf kank structure |
| CN107558984A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-01-09 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of Mining Area Coal Seam gas well batch production development approach |
| CN108086957A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-05-29 | 山西蓝焰煤层气集团有限责任公司 | A kind of method of the U-shaped coal bed gas well construction in double coal seams |
| CN108590595A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-28 | 广东石油化工学院 | A method of it is exploited using F type well groups non-at lithotype gas hydrates |
| CN108798625A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-13 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Mine and mining construction method |
| CN112796730A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-14 | 太原理工大学 | Method for laying ground drilling well pattern in multi-horizontal cross-production area |
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| CN107237627A (en) * | 2017-05-20 | 2017-10-10 | 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 | A kind of well spacing method for karst carbonate reservoir |
| CN107558984A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-01-09 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of Mining Area Coal Seam gas well batch production development approach |
| CN107339093A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-11-10 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of drilling well for gas drainage method for arranging of imitative schneider zelkova leaf kank structure |
| CN108086957A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-05-29 | 山西蓝焰煤层气集团有限责任公司 | A kind of method of the U-shaped coal bed gas well construction in double coal seams |
| CN108590595A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-09-28 | 广东石油化工学院 | A method of it is exploited using F type well groups non-at lithotype gas hydrates |
| CN108590595B (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2020-04-21 | 广东石油化工学院 | Method for exploiting non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate by utilizing F-shaped well group |
| CN108798625A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-13 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Mine and mining construction method |
| CN108798625B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-03-26 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Mine and mine construction method |
| CN112796730A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-14 | 太原理工大学 | Method for laying ground drilling well pattern in multi-horizontal cross-production area |
| CN112796730B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-04-12 | 太原理工大学 | Method for laying ground drilling well pattern in multi-horizontal cross-production area |
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