CN108590595B - Method for exploiting non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate by utilizing F-shaped well group - Google Patents
Method for exploiting non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate by utilizing F-shaped well group Download PDFInfo
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- CN108590595B CN108590595B CN201810313659.0A CN201810313659A CN108590595B CN 108590595 B CN108590595 B CN 108590595B CN 201810313659 A CN201810313659 A CN 201810313659A CN 108590595 B CN108590595 B CN 108590595B
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/164—Injecting CO2 or carbonated water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimizing the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/043—Directional drilling for underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for exploiting non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate by utilizing an F-shaped well group, which comprises the following steps: step 1: drilling an inclined well, obliquely drilling from the upper surface of the unstable stratum to a target point A in the stable stratum under the natural gas hydrate reservoir, then setting a casing and cementing to complete the well; step 2: drilling a horizontal well, wherein the horizontal well is provided with a vertical well section, a deflecting well section, an upwarp well section and a horizontal well section, and the vertical well section is positioned on one side of the bottom of the inclined well in the inclined direction; and step 3: performing fracturing sand prevention construction on the horizontal well section, requiring the fracturing fracture to extend into a reservoir, and injecting a chemical sand prevention agent into the fracture and the reservoir; and 4, step 4: closing the inclined shaft and opening the horizontal shaft by using the wellhead, and adopting CO2And (4) extracting the natural gas hydrate by a displacement or heat injection or depressurization or mixing method. The invention strengthens the stability and smoothness of the shaft, improves the contact area between the shaft and the reservoir, and enables the phase state transition of the natural gas hydrate to occur in the stable shaft, thereby effectively avoiding the complex accidents and even disasters caused by sand production, uncontrollable phase state transition of the natural gas hydrate and unstable shaft on one hand, and effectively improving the single-well yield and economic benefit of the natural gas hydrate on the other hand.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by utilizing an F-shaped well group, belongs to the technical field of drilling and exploitation of natural gas hydrate, and particularly relates to a method for comprehensively utilizing F-shaped wellsWell group adopting depressurization method, heating method and CO2A method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by a displacement method or a mixing method.
Background
The non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate is mostly buried in a submarine non-diagenetic stratum, the buried depth is shallow, the reservoir is unstable, and the overlying stratum is also unstable. The natural gas hydrate is in a solid state under the conditions of low temperature and high pressure, and the phase state of the natural gas hydrate changes due to the change of the temperature and the pressure of a system in the drilling and production process of the natural gas hydrate. If the phase state transformation is uncontrollable, the volume of the natural gas hydrate is rapidly expanded, and in addition, the stratum and the shaft are unstable, the stratum collapse is easily caused, and even geological disasters such as seabed collapse and the like and disastrous accidents such as tsunami and the like are induced. Therefore, the disastrous risk of non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate exploitation is a great obstacle to commercial exploitation/trial exploitation. In addition, the low production efficiency is also an important factor influencing the economic production of the natural gas hydrate. The method has the advantages that stable shaft conditions are artificially created, rapid and controllable decomposition of the hydrate is promoted, safety and high efficiency of drilling and production are guaranteed, and the method is a main idea for developing the natural gas hydrate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by using an F-shaped well group, which can ensure the stability of a shaft of the whole well group, drill a longer horizontal well section, increase the contact area between the shaft and a reservoir stratum and ensure the long-term and efficient exploitation of the natural gas hydrate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing natural gas hydrate by using an F-type well group, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: drilling an inclined well, obliquely drilling from the upper surface of the unstable stratum to a target point A in the stable stratum under the natural gas hydrate reservoir, then setting a casing and cementing to complete the well;
step 2: drilling a horizontal well, wherein the horizontal well is provided with a vertical well section, a deflecting well section, an upturned well section and a horizontal well section, the vertical well section is positioned on one side of the bottom slope direction of the inclined well, when the horizontal well is drilled, a target B vertically drilled from the upper surface of an unstable stratum to a stable stratum under a natural gas hydrate reservoir is the vertical well section, a target C obliquely drilled from the target B to the stable stratum is the deflecting well section, the target C is upturned drilled to be communicated with the inclined well and then continuously drilled to a target D in the stable stratum is the upturned well section, the target D is horizontally drilled to a target E in the stable stratum and is the horizontal well section, and then casing and cement injection are performed to complete the well;
and step 3: performing fracturing sand prevention construction on the horizontal well section, requiring the fracturing fracture to extend into a reservoir, and injecting a chemical sand prevention agent into the fracture and the reservoir;
and 4, step 4: closing the inclined shaft and opening the horizontal shaft by using the wellhead, and adopting CO2And (4) extracting the natural gas hydrate by a displacement or heat injection or depressurization or mixing method.
In the above, the well inclination angle of the bottom of the inclined well is between 5 and 25 degrees; the straight distance between the target point of the inclined shaft A and the reservoir is 20-150 m.
And in the above, the upwarp well section is communicated with the inclined well at a position 10 m-130 m above the target point A.
In the above, the linear distance between the horizontal well section and the natural gas hydrate reservoir is between 5m and 130 m.
In the invention, the inclined shaft is mainly used for storing water, sand and stone, draining water, flushing sand and injecting CO2And hot water and the like to ensure long-term and efficient exploitation of the natural gas hydrate.
In the invention, the horizontal well is mainly used for ensuring the stability of the whole well group well body, and simultaneously the contact area of the well body and a reservoir stratum is increased by the horizontal well.
According to the invention, according to the actual exploitation situation, when excessive formation water or sand is collected at the bottom of the inclined shaft, drainage or sand washing operation is carried out in the inclined shaft. And after the operation is finished, the natural gas hydrate is continuously exploited.
In the invention, common fracturing or staged fracturing is carried out on the horizontal section of the horizontal well, the fracturing fracture is required to extend into a reservoir stratum, and chemical sand control agent is injected into the fracture and the reservoir stratum after fracturing fluid is flowback, so that an artificial well wall is formed around the reservoir stratum and a shaft, sand production is prevented, and the stability of the well wall is kept.
In the invention, when the natural gas hydrate is exploited, the inclined well is closed, and the horizontal well is utilized to exploit the natural gas. Injecting CO in deviated wells2Injecting heat and closing the horizontal well。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the target point, the communication point, the deflecting section and the upwarping section of the inclined well are all positioned in a stable underlying stratum of a non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum, so that the stability of a whole well group shaft can be ensured, a longer horizontal well section can be drilled, the contact area between the shaft and the reservoir stratum is increased, and the long-term and efficient exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is ensured.
The horizontal well and the inclined well are in stable states, the problem of borehole wall instability caused by natural gas hydrate can be effectively solved, and complex accidents and disasters can be prevented and controlled.
After the horizontal well is fractured and prevented from sand, the contact area between the shaft and the reservoir is increased to a great extent, sand production is prevented, and the exploitation efficiency of the natural gas hydrate can be effectively improved by matching with methods such as heat injection, pressure reduction and the like.
The inclined shaft and the horizontal shaft respectively play their own roles, the horizontal shaft is used for gas production, the inclined shaft is used for implementing processes of heat injection, water drainage, sand washing and the like, the construction procedure is simplified, and the long-term and efficient exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion L of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, this embodiment is a method of F-type well group 5-stage fracturing + chemical artificial well wall + depressurization method for exploiting non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate. The F-shaped well group comprises a horizontal well 10 and an inclined well 9, and the whole well group is completed by a casing.
Firstly, drilling an inclined well 9, obliquely drilling from the upper surface of the unstable stratum 6 to a target point A in a stable stratum 8 under a natural gas hydrate reservoir 7, then setting a casing and cementing for well completion; wherein the well inclination angle of the bottom of the inclined well 9 is 10 degrees, and the linear distance from the A target point of the inclined well 9 to the natural gas hydrate reservoir 7 is 50 m;
drilling a horizontal well 10, wherein the horizontal well 10 is provided with a vertical well section 1, a deflecting well section 2, an upturned well section 3 and a horizontal well section 4, the vertical well section 1 is positioned on one side of the bottom slope direction of the inclined well 1, when the horizontal well 10 is drilled, a target point B vertically drilled from the upper surface of an unstable stratum 6 to a stable stratum 8 under a natural gas hydrate reservoir 7 is the vertical well section 1, a target point C obliquely drilled from the target point B to the stable stratum 8 is the deflecting well section 2, a target point D continuously drilled from the target point C to the inclined well 9 after being communicated is the upturned well, the target point D in the stable stratum 8 is the upturned well section 3, and a target point E horizontally drilled from the target point D to the stable stratum 8 is the horizontal well section 4, and then casing and cementing are performed; wherein the upwarp well section 2 is communicated with the inclined well 9 at a position 130m above the target point A, and the linear distance between the horizontal well section 5 and the natural gas hydrate reservoir 7 is 5 m;
performing fracturing sand prevention construction on the horizontal well section, perforating the horizontal well section, pressing 5 cracks out, requiring the fracturing cracks to extend into a reservoir stratum, and then injecting a chemical sand prevention agent into the cracks and the reservoir stratum to form an artificial well wall and a sand prevention layer 5 so as to prevent sand and keep the well wall stable;
and (3) closing the inclined shaft 9 by using a well mouth, opening the horizontal shaft 10, and exploiting the natural gas hydrate by adopting a depressurization method.
After some time of production, the slant wells 9 will collect a large amount of formation water and reservoir sand. When the formation water and the reservoir sand influence the natural gas yield, the horizontal well 10 is closed, the inclined well 9 is opened, and foam drainage measures or sand washing operation are adopted in the inclined well 9. And after the drainage or sand washing operation is finished, opening the horizontal well 10, closing the inclined well 9 and continuing the gas production operation.
Example two
As shown in the figures 1 and 2, the embodiment is 11-section fracturing sand prevention + depressurization + CO of an F-type well group2And (4) exploiting the non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate by a displacement method. The F-shaped well group comprises a horizontal well 10 and an inclined well 9, and the whole well group is completed by a casing.
Firstly, drilling an inclined well 9, obliquely drilling from the upper surface of the unstable stratum 6 to a target point A in a stable stratum 8 under a natural gas hydrate reservoir 7, then setting a casing and cementing for well completion; wherein the well inclination angle of the bottom of the inclined well 9 is 15 degrees, and the linear distance between the A target point of the inclined well 9 and the natural gas hydrate reservoir 7 is 80 m;
drilling a horizontal well 10, wherein the horizontal well 10 is provided with a vertical well section 1, a deflecting well section 2, an upturned well section 3 and a horizontal well section 4, the vertical well section 1 is positioned on one side of the bottom slope direction of the inclined well 1, when the horizontal well 10 is drilled, a target point B vertically drilled from the upper surface of an unstable stratum 6 to a stable stratum 8 under a natural gas hydrate reservoir 7 is the vertical well section 1, a target point C obliquely drilled from the target point B to the stable stratum 8 is the deflecting well section 2, a target point D continuously drilled from the target point C to the inclined well 9 after being communicated is the upturned well, the target point D in the stable stratum 8 is the upturned well section 3, and a target point E horizontally drilled from the target point D to the stable stratum 8 is the horizontal well section 4, and then casing and cementing are performed; wherein the upwarp well section 2 is communicated with the inclined well 9 at a position 20m above the target point A, and the linear distance between the horizontal well section 5 and the natural gas hydrate reservoir 7 is 10 m;
performing fracturing sand prevention construction on the horizontal well section, perforating the horizontal well section, pressing 11 cracks out, requiring the fracturing cracks to extend into a reservoir stratum, and then injecting a chemical sand prevention agent into the cracks and the reservoir stratum to form an artificial well wall and a sand prevention layer 5 so as to prevent sand and keep the well wall stable;
and (3) closing the inclined shaft 9 by using a well mouth, opening the horizontal shaft 10, and exploiting the natural gas hydrate by adopting a depressurization method.
After a period of production, the reservoir is voided and the decomposition rate of the natural gas hydrate becomes slow. At this point, the horizontal well 10 is closed, the slant well 9 is opened, and CO is injected into the slant well2. After a period of time, the inclined shaft 9 is closed, the horizontal shaft 10 is opened, and natural gas is continuously extracted by using a depressurization method. And the process is circulated. The slant wells 9 will then collect a large amount of formation water and reservoir sand. When the formation water and the reservoir sand influence the natural gas yield, the horizontal well 10 is closed, the inclined well 9 is opened, and foam drainage measures or sand washing operation are adopted in the inclined well 9. And after the drainage or sand washing operation is finished, opening the horizontal well 10, closing the inclined well 9 and continuing the gas production operation.
Claims (4)
1. A method for exploiting non-diagenetic natural gas hydrates using an F-well group, comprising the steps of:
step 1: drilling an inclined well, obliquely drilling from the upper surface of the unstable stratum to a target point A in the stable stratum under the natural gas hydrate reservoir, then setting a casing and cementing to complete the well;
step 2: drilling a horizontal well, wherein the horizontal well is provided with a vertical well section, a deflecting well section, an upturned well section and a horizontal well section, the vertical well section is positioned on one side of the bottom slope direction of the inclined well, when the horizontal well is drilled, a target B vertically drilled from the upper surface of an unstable stratum to a stable stratum under a natural gas hydrate reservoir is the vertical well section, a target C obliquely drilled from the target B to the stable stratum is the deflecting well section, the target C is upturned drilled to be communicated with the inclined well and then continuously drilled to a target D in the stable stratum is the upturned well section, the target D is horizontally drilled to a target E in the stable stratum and is the horizontal well section, and then casing and cement injection are performed to complete the well;
and step 3: performing fracturing sand prevention construction on the horizontal well section, requiring the fracturing fracture to extend into a reservoir, and injecting a chemical sand prevention agent into the fracture and the reservoir;
and 4, step 4: closing the inclined shaft and opening the horizontal shaft by using the wellhead, and adopting CO2And (4) extracting the natural gas hydrate by a displacement or heat injection or depressurization or mixing method.
2. A method of producing non-diagenetic natural gas hydrates using a F-bank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle of inclination of the bottom of the deviated well is between 5 ° and 25 °; the straight distance between the target point of the inclined shaft A and the reservoir is 20-150 m.
3. The method for exploiting non-diagenetic natural gas hydrates by using the F-shaped well group as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upwarp well section is communicated with the inclined well at a position 10 m-130 m above the A target point.
4. A method for recovering non-diagenetic natural gas hydrates using a F-well group as defined in claim 2, wherein the horizontal interval is between 5m and 130m from the reservoir of natural gas hydrates.
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| CN111173480B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2021-09-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation method |
| CN109653713A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-19 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of gas hydrates song well drilling device |
| CN111550222B (en) * | 2019-02-11 | 2022-07-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for exploiting natural gas hydrate by injecting steam |
| CN112761570A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Natural gas upwarping horizontal well completion method |
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| US20040035582A1 (en) * | 2002-08-22 | 2004-02-26 | Zupanick Joseph A. | System and method for subterranean access |
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| CN101424166A (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2009-05-06 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | Special horizontal well track control method for oil reservoir with top water and edge water |
| CN102606129A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-07-25 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method and system for thin interbed oilfield development |
| CN102979498A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-03-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Coal-bed gas multi-branch horizontal-well system |
| CN103850671A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2014-06-11 | 华北石油管理局 | Well distributing method for pumping and draining coal bed gas on ground |
| CN206860155U (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-01-09 | 贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一一五地质大队 | A kind of U-shaped well of coal measure gas is crept into and pressure break structure |
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