CN103847101A - Three-dimensional printer - Google Patents

Three-dimensional printer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103847101A
CN103847101A CN201410066757.0A CN201410066757A CN103847101A CN 103847101 A CN103847101 A CN 103847101A CN 201410066757 A CN201410066757 A CN 201410066757A CN 103847101 A CN103847101 A CN 103847101A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
raw material
dimensional printer
bin
additive
heater
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201410066757.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
苏健强
何永刚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Print Rite Unicorn Image Products Co Ltd
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Print Rite Unicorn Image Products Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Print Rite Unicorn Image Products Co Ltd filed Critical Print Rite Unicorn Image Products Co Ltd
Priority to CN201410066757.0A priority Critical patent/CN103847101A/en
Publication of CN103847101A publication Critical patent/CN103847101A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention relates to a three-dimensional printer. The three-dimensional printer comprises a feeding device and a printing head, wherein the printing head comprises a feeder, a heater and a printing nozzle; the feeding device comprises a raw material bin for storing a granulous or powder forming raw material, an annexing agent bin for storing an annexing agent and a mixing bin for uniformly mixing the forming raw material and the annexing agent. The three-dimensional printer provided by the invention has the advantages that the granulous or powder forming raw material and the annexing agent are provided to the fused deposition type three-dimensional printer, and the rapid formation is obtained according to the property and colour of a target forming piece; meanwhile, the processing, transportation and storage costs of the forming material are reduced, and the forming material is conveniently replenished to the three-dimensional printer.

Description

Three-dimensional printer
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rapid molding device, particularly a kind of fusion sediment type three-dimensional printer.
Background technology
Three-dimensional printer, is a kind of based on mathematical model, utilizes the moulding material such as powdery metal or plastics, constructs the equipment of three-dimensional body by the mode of successively printing.Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of existing three-dimensional printer, it comprises printhead 03, print cartridge, objective table 02 and print cartridge installing rack 01, print cartridge is made up of the filament cassette 051, filament cassette 052, filament cassette 053 and the filament cassette 054 that carry respectively different colours silk material, and printhead 03 comprises printing nozzle 04, heater and drawing-inroller; In print procedure, this three-dimensional printer is carried silk material by drawing-inroller to heater, the silk material of four kinds of different colours is heated to molten condition and mixes in electrically heated mode in heater, and under the effect of drawing-inroller thrust, the silk material of molten condition sprays by printing nozzle; The path that printing nozzle moves relative to objective table 02 according to the printing nozzle of three-dimensional printer host setting, prints 3 D color object in layer stacking mode.In order to print 3 D color object, at least need to provide to this three-dimensional printer the silk material of four kinds of different colours, in order to guarantee printing objects continuously, four filament cassettes all need to comprise a certain amount of material, cause the overall volume of this three-dimensional printer to increase; In print procedure, are dynamic changes to the demand of four kinds of silk material, cause the replacing asynchronism(-nization) of four filament cassettes, need the frequent filament cassette of changing; Also realize evenly and mixing for silk material heating and melting in printhead of realizing four kinds of colors, cause this print head structure inertia complicated and that move on slide bar larger.
Publication No. is that the patent documentation of CN103517797A has been announced a kind of polychrome fusion sediment moulding printing equipment, be three-dimensional printer, it comprises two print heads, i.e. two printheads, first printhead is used for printing backing material, is provided as shaped material with the form of tow to second printhead; Second printhead has the printing nozzle that is at least divided into upper and lower two regions, and silk material is solid-state in upper region, is molten condition in lower area; Provide additive and/or coloured seal China ink by the multiple storage containers that are equipped with metering device to lower area, and mix in this region, to obtain color of object moulding material.It need provide a kind of colourless silk material to printhead, can better solve the problem that above-mentioned multiple filament cassette feed brings, and can print better the three-dimensional body with special high-quality color outward appearance simultaneously.Because this three-dimensional printer is heated to after molten condition at moulding material, add coloured seal China ink and/or additive, and mix in heater, in order to obtain color of object, need in lower area, allow the silk material of molten condition fully mix with additive and/or coloured seal China ink, make this lower area complex structure, and need certain incorporation time, cannot printing speed; Although it can need to realize the colour print to three-dimensional body according to printing in theory, but because the space in its lower area is fixed, so each each color can only configure the amount of this lower area volume, in print procedure, often there will be the moulding material configuration of color of object inadequate or too much, cause printing the three-dimensional body of the color of object of wanting; Because the amount of moulding material cannot accurately be controlled, cause the proportioning of moulding material and coloured seal China ink cannot cause desired value, restore target color truly.
In above-mentioned three-dimensional printer, moulding material is all to provide to printhead with the form of filament, is to be also wound in filament cassette with the form of filament, in the time of filament in the complete filament cassette of every printing, the filament cassette that need to more renew, makes three-dimensional printer can continue to print.Because the amount of filament in each filament cassette is limited, so easily occur that a print procedure do not printed, and need to change the problem of filament cassette, may cause whole print procedure to interrupt and affect print quality; Even change filament cassette by automatically changing filament cassette device, before and after also can causing changing, filament cannot be supplied with problem continuously, and three-dimensional printer structure is complicated, and volume increases, and cost increases; For the ease of the operation to filament and monitoring at follow-up print procedure, need moulding material be pulled into the filament of certain specification and pack in specific filament cassette with special equipment.In addition, the moulding material for ABS thermoplastic etc. to moisture-sensitive type, silk material easily with airborne contact with moisture, easily become tide, affect print quality.
For the sealing problem of above-mentioned filament cassette, notification number is that the patent documentation of CN1216726C has been announced a kind of filament cassette, it comprises that one for holding the dry air-tight chamber that is wound around filamented reel, and chamber has filament outlet, filament feed arrangement and prevent that air from entering the retention device in chamber.This filament cassette is to become damp problem by dry air-tight chamber and retention device being set, reaching the silk material effectively preventing in filament cassette, makes the complex structure of filament cassette, increases and manufactures and transport storage cost.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide the three-dimensional printer that is suitable for print performance requirement and the different target profiled member of quantitative requirement.
In order to realize above-mentioned main purpose, three-dimensional printer provided by the invention, comprises controller, feeding device and printhead; Printhead comprises feed appliance, heater and printing nozzle; Wherein, feeding device comprises raw material cabin granular for splendid attire or powder compacting raw material, for the additive bin of splendid attire additive and the batch bin for shaping raw material is mixed with additive; Batch bin and feed appliance, by pipeline communication, are provided with the first stop valve that is subject to above-mentioned controller control on above-mentioned pipeline.The moulding material that configures and mix according to the performance requirement of target profiled member is provided to printhead with this structure.
From above scheme, in the time printing, can be according to the color of target profiled member and performance, in raw material cabin, add the shaping raw material of a certain amount of granular or powder, in additive bin, add the additive that becomes target proportioning with the shaping raw material in raw material cabin, additive comprises colorant and/or material modified, shaping raw material mixes in batch bin with additive, be formed into shaped material, moulding material is heated into molten condition by heater, sprays and print target profiled member under the effect of feed appliance thrust from printing nozzle.Because shaping raw material is granular or powder, its need are suitable for fusion sediment type 3 D-printing, can be adapted to the printing of many materials; Can be according to the color of target profiled member and performance requirement, select desired additives and shaping raw material, entering batch bin by raw material cabin and additive bin mixes and is formed into shaped material, and print the target profiled member that meets necessary requirement, it is particularly suitable for only printing a small amount of and the different target profiled member of performance requirement, and only need need to buy according to design shaping raw material and the additive of aequum, without the waste of raw material, save and print cost; Because raw material is granular or powder, compared with the moulding material thin with existing silk, pack simple, transport storage cost is low, can realize packaging and the sale of printing aequum, be prepared filament without specific wire-drawing equipment, without complexity and the high filament cassette of cost; The problem of whether enough printing a target profiled member in print procedure without the filament in consideration filament cassette, there will not be print procedure need to change the problem of filament cassette, there will not be the waste of filament; Owing to only adding as required moulding material, this three-dimensional printer, without the watch-dog of the surplus to raw material, has been simplified the structure of three-dimensional printer and has reduced cost; Because be mixes moulding material outside printhead, compared with prior art, the structure of printhead is simpler, can realize printing speed; Without filament cassette and filament cassette installing rack, the structure of printer is simplified more, and cost is lower; Owing to mixing outward at printhead, more easily mix, make the performance profile of target profiled member even, more meet design object; For the storage of moisture-sensitive type moulding material and use more convenient, without configure complicated damp-proof device in filament cassette, only need be by sealing bag or container encloses.
A concrete scheme is, the discharging opening of the raw material cabin of this three-dimensional printer is provided with the second stop valve that is subject to above-mentioned controller control, and the discharging opening of additive bin is provided with the 3rd stop valve that is subject to above-mentioned controller control.
From above scheme, in print procedure, can in raw material cabin and additive bin, add shaping raw material and the additive of excess, controller need to be controlled the second stop valve and the 3rd stop valve toward the shaping raw material and the additive that add certain proportioning in batch bin according to what print target profiled member, improve automatization level, reduced workload.
Another concrete scheme is, between the discharging opening of raw material cabin and the charging aperture of batch bin, to be provided with filtering cabin in upstream or the downstream of the second stop valve.Can filter shaping raw material, be convenient to follow-up mixed preparing moulding material and heating and melting.
One more specifically scheme be that the feed appliance of above-mentioned three-dimensional printer also comprises the feeding spiro rod being rotatably placed in this feed appliance.Moulding material is sent to printing nozzle by the thrust that the rotation of feeding spiro rod produces, and the moulding material that is molten condition in printing nozzle is because the effect of thrust is ejected printing nozzle and printed.
Another more specifically scheme be that the heater of above-mentioned three-dimensional printer is one to be wound in the heater coil outside the inner chamber body of feed appliance.Can heat equably the moulding material in feed appliance by the heater coil being wound in outside cavity, heat more thorough.
Another more specifically scheme be that the heater of above-mentioned three-dimensional printer is arranged in printing nozzle.The moulding material entering in printing nozzle is heated to molten condition.
Another more specifically scheme be, above-mentioned three-dimensional printer also comprises crushing bin, the discharging opening of this crushing bin is communicated with the charging aperture of raw material cabin; Can pulverize waste and old profiled member by this crushing bin, with recycling.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of existing three-dimensional printer;
Fig. 2 is the feeding device of this three-dimensional printer the first embodiment and the structural representation of printhead.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
The first embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, the feeding device of this three-dimensional printer is made up of raw material cabin 6, additive bin 5 and batch bin 4, and stirring parts 62 is rotatably placed in raw material cabin 6, and is driven by the stirring motor 621 being installed in frame 7; The charging aperture of the discharging opening of raw material cabin 6 and batch bin 4, by the first pipeline communication, along the direction of shaping raw material operation, is provided with filtering cabin 61 and the second stop valve 63 successively on the first pipeline, be provided with a screen pack 611 in filtering cabin 61; The discharging opening of additive bin 5 is communicated with by second pipe with the charging aperture of batch bin 4, second pipe is provided with the 3rd stop valve 51, batching puddle support 41 is rotatably placed in batch bin 4, and driven by the batching motor being installed in frame 7, the charging aperture 22 of the discharging opening of batch bin 4 and feed appliance 2 is by pipeline communication, and pipeline is provided with the first stop valve 42; Printhead is made up of feed appliance 2, heater and printing nozzle 1, feed appliance 2 is a container with inner chamber body 23, feeding spiro rod 21 is rotatably placed in inner chamber body 23, and is driven by feeding motor 211, and heater is one to be wound in the heater coil 3 outside inner chamber body 23.
In print procedure, according to the requirement to profiled member color and performance, in raw material cabin 6, add quantitative granular shaping raw material 81, the controller control stirring motor 621 of three-dimensional printer drives stirring parts 62 to stir the shaping raw material in raw material cabin 6; In additive bin 5, add quantitative additive 82, as material modified and/or colorant; Controller control second stop valve 63 of three-dimensional printer and the 3rd stop valve 51 are to the shaping raw material and the additive that add into quantitative proportioning in batch bin 4, and by control prepare burden motor drive batching puddle support 41, fully the shaping raw material in Mix and dosing storehouse 4 with additive and mix, forms required moulding material; Controller control first stop valve 42 of three-dimensional printer is opened, and moulding material enters in the chamber of inner chamber body 23 by the charging aperture 22 of feed appliance 2; The controller control feeding motor 211 of three-dimensional printer drives feeding spiro rod 21 to carry moulding material to printing nozzle 1; In course of conveying, moulding material is under the heating of heater coil 3, and in the interior melted by heating of feed appliance 3, the moulding material of molten condition, under the thrust of feeding spiro rod 21, enters printing nozzle 1 ejection; Target profiled member is printed in mode in layer in the path that the printing nozzle 1 that printing nozzle 1 produces according to this 3 D-printing machine controller moves relative to objective table.
In use, only need to buy one or more graininess shaping raw material and desired additives, because shaping raw material is graininess, can realize easily sealing, transport and storage, be particularly suitable for for moisture-sensitive type shaping raw material, can realize packaging and the sale of any amount, satisfying personalized demand, packaging is simple and cost is low; Can print demand according to reality, in shaping raw material, add colorant to obtain the moulding material of different colours, the profiled member of different colours is printed in realization, also can be according to the requirement to profiled member performance, a certain amount of material modified to adding in additive bin, and realize the adjusting of the performances such as intensity to profiled member, rigidity, electric conductivity, frictional property, and realize the personalization of different demands is printed, be particularly suitable for the rapid shaping in research and development.
The second embodiment.
As the explanation to second embodiment of the invention, below only to describing with the difference of the first embodiment, this routine three-dimensional printer also comprises crushing bin, the charging aperture of its discharging opening and raw material cabin is by the 3rd pipeline communication, for waste and old profiled member is pulverized, to realize the recycling to moulding material.
The 3rd embodiment
As to the explanation of inventing the 3rd embodiment, below only to describing with the difference of the first embodiment, along the direction of shaping raw material operation, on the first pipeline, be provided with successively the second stop valve and filtering cabin, instead of be provided with successively filtering cabin and the second stop valve.
The 4th embodiment
As the explanation to fourth embodiment of the invention, below only to describing with the difference of the first embodiment, wherein batch bin is open type warehouse and opening up, instead of sealed.
The 5th embodiment
As the explanation to fifth embodiment of the invention, below only to describing with the difference of the first embodiment, heater is not the heater coil outside the inner chamber body for being wound in feed appliance, but is wound in the heater coil outside the inner chamber body of printing nozzle.
The 6th embodiment
As the explanation to sixth embodiment of the invention, below only to describing with the difference of the first embodiment, wherein shaping raw material is powder, instead of granular.
Design of the present invention is mainly by raw material cabin, additive bin and batch bin are set on three-dimensional printer, provide granular or powder compacting raw material and additive by raw material cabin and additive bin to batch bin, shaping raw material and additive mix and form required moulding material in batch bin, printhead uses this moulding material to require to carry out printing speed according to the performance of target profiled member and color, be particularly suitable for the printing of single and a small amount of profiled member, be lowered into processing, transport and the storage cost of shaped material; According to this design, feeding device, printhead and the annexation of the two also have multiple apparent variation.

Claims (7)

1. three-dimensional printer, comprises controller, feeding device and printhead;
Described printhead comprises feed appliance, heater and printing nozzle;
It is characterized in that:
Described feeding device comprises raw material cabin granular for splendid attire or powder compacting raw material, for the additive bin of splendid attire additive and the batch bin for described shaping raw material is mixed with described additive;
Described batch bin and described feed appliance are by pipeline communication, and described pipeline is provided with the first stop valve that is subject to described controller control.
2. three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The discharging opening of described raw material cabin is provided with the second stop valve that is subject to described controller control;
The discharging opening of described additive bin is provided with the 3rd stop valve that is subject to described controller control.
3. three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Between the discharging opening of described raw material cabin and the charging aperture of described batch bin, upstream or the downstream of described the second stop valve are provided with filtering cabin.
4. according to three-dimensional printer described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that:
Described feed appliance also comprises feeding spiro rod.
5. according to three-dimensional printer described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that:
Described heater is one to be wound in the heater coil outside the inner chamber body of described feed appliance.
6. according to three-dimensional printer described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that:
Described heater is arranged in described printing nozzle.
7. according to three-dimensional printer described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that:
Also comprise crushing bin, the discharging opening of described crushing bin is communicated with the charging aperture of described raw material cabin.
CN201410066757.0A 2014-02-26 2014-02-26 Three-dimensional printer Pending CN103847101A (en)

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104517368A (en) * 2015-01-08 2015-04-15 深圳市博恩实业有限公司 Self-service 3D toy printer, and printing method and usage of self-service type 3D toy printer
CN104589659A (en) * 2015-02-10 2015-05-06 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 3D printing feed mechanism
CN104972659A (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-10-14 成都思维智造科技有限公司 3D printer nozzle structure
CN105216332A (en) * 2015-11-06 2016-01-06 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 The forming method of three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional printer
CN106515007A (en) * 2016-12-21 2017-03-22 浙江易桂塑胶有限公司 3D printer equipment
CN106738869A (en) * 2017-02-19 2017-05-31 荆门米丰信息科技有限公司 A kind of high accuracy color three-dimensional printer and its forming method
CN107294013A (en) * 2017-06-23 2017-10-24 广东奥美格传导科技股份有限公司 Cable prosthetic device and the online repair system of cable
KR101796890B1 (en) * 2017-01-31 2017-11-13 전남대학교산학협력단 Exchangeable extruder for three dimensional printer
CN107373003A (en) * 2017-08-11 2017-11-24 北京科博纳信息技术有限公司 A kind of ice cream 3D printer and Method of printing
CN108407279A (en) * 2017-06-21 2018-08-17 泉州市比邻三维科技有限公司 A kind of heavy duty detergent three-dimensional printer
CN108790157A (en) * 2018-05-25 2018-11-13 河北工业大学 A kind of double nozzle rapid prototyping systems for environment sensitive functionally graded material
KR101938958B1 (en) * 2017-01-31 2019-01-15 전남대학교산학협력단 Multi-axis three dimensional printer having exchangeable extruder-integrated printer head
KR20190006051A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-01-16 전남대학교산학협력단 Multi-axis three dimensional printer having exchangeable extruder-integrated printer head
ES2702993A1 (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-06 Cnc Barcenas Bellon S L ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT THROUGH FOUNDED DEPOSITION FEEDED WITH POLYMER GROWTH. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
CN109454873A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-03-12 深圳诚信科技有限公司 A kind of increasing material manufacturing feeder apparatus
CN109513918A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-26 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 A kind of additive auxiliary device based on increasing material manufacturing metal-base composites
CN111546634A (en) * 2020-05-14 2020-08-18 瑞安市佳祥家纺有限公司 Material distribution device for additive manufacturing equipment
TWI768389B (en) * 2020-07-01 2022-06-21 財團法人塑膠工業技術發展中心 A three dimensional printer with controllable flux for multiple materials
CN115256923A (en) * 2021-04-30 2022-11-01 合肥工业大学 Intelligent dehumidifying, drying and color-mixing feeding device for FDM 3D printing supplies and control method thereof

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CN203779868U (en) * 2014-02-26 2014-08-20 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 Three-dimensional printer

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Cited By (24)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104517368A (en) * 2015-01-08 2015-04-15 深圳市博恩实业有限公司 Self-service 3D toy printer, and printing method and usage of self-service type 3D toy printer
CN104589659A (en) * 2015-02-10 2015-05-06 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 3D printing feed mechanism
CN104972659A (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-10-14 成都思维智造科技有限公司 3D printer nozzle structure
CN105216332B (en) * 2015-11-06 2019-01-11 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 The forming method of three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional printer
CN105216332A (en) * 2015-11-06 2016-01-06 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 The forming method of three-dimensional printer and three-dimensional printer
CN106515007A (en) * 2016-12-21 2017-03-22 浙江易桂塑胶有限公司 3D printer equipment
KR101796890B1 (en) * 2017-01-31 2017-11-13 전남대학교산학협력단 Exchangeable extruder for three dimensional printer
KR101938958B1 (en) * 2017-01-31 2019-01-15 전남대학교산학협력단 Multi-axis three dimensional printer having exchangeable extruder-integrated printer head
CN106738869A (en) * 2017-02-19 2017-05-31 荆门米丰信息科技有限公司 A kind of high accuracy color three-dimensional printer and its forming method
CN108407279B (en) * 2017-06-21 2020-04-28 泉州市比邻三维科技有限公司 Three-dimensional printer
CN108407279A (en) * 2017-06-21 2018-08-17 泉州市比邻三维科技有限公司 A kind of heavy duty detergent three-dimensional printer
CN107294013A (en) * 2017-06-23 2017-10-24 广东奥美格传导科技股份有限公司 Cable prosthetic device and the online repair system of cable
CN107373003A (en) * 2017-08-11 2017-11-24 北京科博纳信息技术有限公司 A kind of ice cream 3D printer and Method of printing
ES2702993A1 (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-06 Cnc Barcenas Bellon S L ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT THROUGH FOUNDED DEPOSITION FEEDED WITH POLYMER GROWTH. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
CN108790157A (en) * 2018-05-25 2018-11-13 河北工业大学 A kind of double nozzle rapid prototyping systems for environment sensitive functionally graded material
CN109454873A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-03-12 深圳诚信科技有限公司 A kind of increasing material manufacturing feeder apparatus
CN109513918B (en) * 2018-12-25 2024-04-19 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 Additive auxiliary device for manufacturing metal matrix composite based on additive
CN109513918A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-26 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 A kind of additive auxiliary device based on increasing material manufacturing metal-base composites
KR20190006051A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-01-16 전남대학교산학협력단 Multi-axis three dimensional printer having exchangeable extruder-integrated printer head
KR101956525B1 (en) 2019-01-08 2019-03-08 전남대학교산학협력단 Multi-axis three dimensional printer having exchangeable extruder-integrated printer head
CN111546634A (en) * 2020-05-14 2020-08-18 瑞安市佳祥家纺有限公司 Material distribution device for additive manufacturing equipment
CN111546634B (en) * 2020-05-14 2022-11-15 伊瓦特机器人设备制造有限公司 A distributing device for vibration material disk equipment
TWI768389B (en) * 2020-07-01 2022-06-21 財團法人塑膠工業技術發展中心 A three dimensional printer with controllable flux for multiple materials
CN115256923A (en) * 2021-04-30 2022-11-01 合肥工业大学 Intelligent dehumidifying, drying and color-mixing feeding device for FDM 3D printing supplies and control method thereof

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